Windows Alternate Data Streams (ADS)
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NTFS • Windows Reinstallation – Bypass ACL • Administrators Privilege – Bypass Ownership
Windows Encrypting File System Motivation • Laptops are very integrated in enterprises… • Stolen/lost computers loaded with confidential/business data • Data Privacy Issues • Offline Access – Bypass NTFS • Windows reinstallation – Bypass ACL • Administrators privilege – Bypass Ownership www.winitor.com 01 March 2010 Windows Encrypting File System Mechanism • Principle • A random - unique - symmetric key encrypts the data • An asymmetric key encrypts the symmetric key used to encrypt the data • Combination of two algorithms • Use their strengths • Minimize their weaknesses • Results • Increased performance • Increased security Asymetric Symetric Data www.winitor.com 01 March 2010 Windows Encrypting File System Characteristics • Confortable • Applying encryption is just a matter of assigning a file attribute www.winitor.com 01 March 2010 Windows Encrypting File System Characteristics • Transparent • Integrated into the operating system • Transparent to (valid) users/applications Application Win32 Crypto Engine NTFS EFS &.[ßl}d.,*.c§4 $5%2=h#<.. www.winitor.com 01 March 2010 Windows Encrypting File System Characteristics • Flexible • Supported at different scopes • File, Directory, Drive (Vista?) • Files can be shared between any number of users • Files can be stored anywhere • local, remote, WebDav • Files can be offline • Secure • Encryption and Decryption occur in kernel mode • Keys are never paged • Usage of standardized cryptography services www.winitor.com 01 March 2010 Windows Encrypting File System Availibility • At the GUI, the availibility -
Windows 7 Operating Guide
Welcome to Windows 7 1 1 You told us what you wanted. We listened. This Windows® 7 Product Guide highlights the new and improved features that will help deliver the one thing you said you wanted the most: Your PC, simplified. 3 3 Contents INTRODUCTION TO WINDOWS 7 6 DESIGNING WINDOWS 7 8 Market Trends that Inspired Windows 7 9 WINDOWS 7 EDITIONS 10 Windows 7 Starter 11 Windows 7 Home Basic 11 Windows 7 Home Premium 12 Windows 7 Professional 12 Windows 7 Enterprise / Windows 7 Ultimate 13 Windows Anytime Upgrade 14 Microsoft Desktop Optimization Pack 14 Windows 7 Editions Comparison 15 GETTING STARTED WITH WINDOWS 7 16 Upgrading a PC to Windows 7 16 WHAT’S NEW IN WINDOWS 7 20 Top Features for You 20 Top Features for IT Professionals 22 Application and Device Compatibility 23 WINDOWS 7 FOR YOU 24 WINDOWS 7 FOR YOU: SIMPLIFIES EVERYDAY TASKS 28 Simple to Navigate 28 Easier to Find Things 35 Easy to Browse the Web 38 Easy to Connect PCs and Manage Devices 41 Easy to Communicate and Share 47 WINDOWS 7 FOR YOU: WORKS THE WAY YOU WANT 50 Speed, Reliability, and Responsiveness 50 More Secure 55 Compatible with You 62 Better Troubleshooting and Problem Solving 66 WINDOWS 7 FOR YOU: MAKES NEW THINGS POSSIBLE 70 Media the Way You Want It 70 Work Anywhere 81 New Ways to Engage 84 INTRODUCTION TO WINDOWS 7 6 WINDOWS 7 FOR IT PROFESSIONALS 88 DESIGNING WINDOWS 7 8 WINDOWS 7 FOR IT PROFESSIONALS: Market Trends that Inspired Windows 7 9 MAKE PEOPLE PRODUCTIVE ANYWHERE 92 WINDOWS 7 EDITIONS 10 Remove Barriers to Information 92 Windows 7 Starter 11 Access -
Pass-The-Hash Attacks
Pass-the-Hash Attacks Michael Grafnetter www.dsinternals.com Agenda . PtH Attack Anatomy . Mitigation – Proactive – Reactive . Windows 10 + Windows Server 2016 PtH History and Future . 1988 – Microsoft releases Lan Manager . 1997 – Pass-the-Hash demonstrated using a modified Samba . 2007 – Benjamin Delpy releases Mimikatz . 2008 – Pass-the-Ticket attack demonstrated . 2012 – Microsoft releases Pass-the-Hash guidance . 2013 – Windows contains built-in defenses against PtH . 2015 – Michael Grafnetter releases the DSInternals tools ;-) . 2016 – More defense mechanisms coming to Windows PtH Attack Anatomy Theft Use Compromise Lateral and Vertical Movement Metasploit Framework Metasploit Framework Mimikatz DEMO Pass-the-Hash + RDP LSASS NTLM Hashes Passing the Hash PtH Attack Premises Single Symmetric Pass-the-Hash Sign-On Cryptography Attack Surface Stealing the Hash Credentials Lifecycle / Attack Vectors Credentials Lifecycle / Attack Vectors Hashes in SAM/AD Authentication Method Hash Function Salted LM DES NO NTLM, NTLMv2 MD4 NO Kerberos (RC4) MD4 NO Kerberos (AES) PBKDF2 (4096*HMAC_SHA1) YES Digest MD5 YES Active Directory Database - Offline . Files – C:\Windows\NTDS\ntds.dit – C:\Windows\System32\config\SYSTEM . Acquire – Locally: ntdsutil IFM – Remotely: WMI (Win32_Process), psexec – Offline: VHDs, VMDKs, Backups . Extract – Windows: DSInternals PowerShell Module – Linux: NTDSXtract DEMO Extracting hashes from ntds.dit GUI Tools KRBTGT Account Proactive Measures . Encryption . RODC . Backup protection . Regular password changes Active Directory Database - Online . MS-DRSR/RPC Go to www.dsinternals.com for demo ;-) Proactive Measures . Avoid using administrative accounts . Do not run untrusted SW . Do not delegate the right to replicate directory changes . Use an application firewall / IDS ??? SAM Database . Offline – Files • C:\Windows\System32\config\SAM • C:\Windows\System32\config\SYSTEM – Tools • Windows Password Recovery . -
Minimum Hardware and Operating System
Hardware and OS Specifications File Stream Document Management Software – System Requirements for v4.5 NB: please read through carefully, as it contains 4 separate specifications for a Workstation PC, a Web PC, a Server and a Web Server. Further notes are at the foot of this document. If you are in any doubt as to which specification is applicable, please contact our Document Management Technical Support team – we will be pleased to help. www.filestreamsystems.co.uk T Support +44 (0) 118 989 3771 E Support [email protected] For an in-depth list of all our features and specifications, please visit: http://www.filestreamsystems.co.uk/document-management-specification.htm Workstation PC Processor (CPU) ⁴ Supported AMD/Intel x86 (32bit) or x64 (64bit) Compatible Minimum Intel Pentium IV single core 1.0 GHz Recommended Intel Core 2 Duo E8400 3.0 GHz or better Operating System ⁴ Supported Windows 8, Windows 8 Pro, Windows 8 Enterprise (32bit, 64bit) Windows 10 (32bit, 64bit) Memory (RAM) ⁵ Minimum 2.0 GB Recommended 4.0 GB Storage Space (Disk) Minimum 50 GB Recommended 100 GB Disk Format NTFS Format Recommended Graphics Card Minimum 128 MB DirectX 9 Compatible Recommended 128 MB DirectX 9 Compatible Display Minimum 1024 x 768 16bit colour Recommended 1280 x 1024 32bit colour Widescreen Format Yes (minimum vertical resolution 800) Dual Monitor Yes Font Settings Only 96 DPI font settings are supported Explorer Internet Minimum Microsoft Internet Explorer 11 Network (LAN) Minimum 100 MB Ethernet (not required on standalone PC) Recommended -
Administrative Guide for Windows 10 and Windows Server Fall Creators Update (1709)
Operational and Administrative Guidance Microsoft Windows 10 and Windows Server Common Criteria Evaluation for Microsoft Windows 10 and Windows Server Version 1903 (May 2019 Update) General Purpose Operating System Protection Profile © 2019 Microsoft. All rights reserved. Microsoft Windows 10 GP OS Administrative Guidance Copyright and disclaimer The information contained in this document represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation on the issues discussed as of the date of publication. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information presented after the date of publication. This document is for informational purposes only. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT. Complying with all applicable copyright laws is the responsibility of the user. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs-NonCommercial VLicense (which allows redistribution of the work). To view a copy of this license, visithttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd-nc/1.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 559 Nathan Abbott Way, Stanford, California 94305, USA. Microsoft may have patents, patent applications, trademarks, copyrights, or other intellectual property rights covering subject matter in this document. Except as expressly provided in any written license agreement from Microsoft, the furnishing of this document does not give you any license to these patents, trademarks, copyrights, or other intellectual property. The example companies, organizations, products, people and events depicted herein are fictitious. No association with any real company, organization, product, person or event is intended or should be inferred. -
Guide to Hardening Windows 10 Technical Guide
NOVEMBER 2020 Guide to Hardening Windows 10 For Administrators, Developers and Office Workers TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 4 Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................ 4 User roles ................................................................................................................................. 4 EFI (BIOS) Configuration ...................................................................................................... 5 To be enabled: ......................................................................................................................... 5 To be disabled: ......................................................................................................................... 5 Windows Defender Firewall .................................................................................................. 6 Enable logging of dropped packets ............................................................................................. 6 Disable enforcement of local rules and disable notifications .......................................................... 7 Block outbound connections by default ....................................................................................... 8 Secure potentially vulnerable protocols ...................................................................................... -
Mobility for the Masses Unleashing a World of Possibilities
Mobility for the Masses Unleashing a World of Possibilities Uday Marty Director of Product Marketing Mobile Platforms Group Risk Factors Today’s presentations contain forward-looking statements. All statements made that are not historical facts are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, and actual results may differ materially. Please refer to our most recent Earnings Release and our most recent Form 10-Q or 10-K filing available on our website for more information on the risk factors that could cause actual results to differ. Copyright © 2009 Intel Corporation Agenda • Today’s news • Current environment • The latest on Intel’s mobile platforms • Ultra-thin laptops come to the mainstream • Expanded wireless capability • Summary Copyright © 2009 Intel Corporation This presentation and materials related to it are under embargo until June 1, 2009, 9 p.m. PDT Copyright © 2009 Intel Corporation Today’s News What’s launching today: – Three new Intel® Core®2 Duo processors (T9900, P9700, and P8800) – New ULV Intel® Pentium® processor (SU2700) – New Mobile Intel® GS40 Express Chipset Enabling significant improvements in the four vectors of mobility – Extended performance leadership – Enabling Ultra-thin systems at mainstream price points – Enhancing battery life – Expanded wireless capabilities For more information, go to – http://www.intel.com/pressroom/kits/events/computex2009 Copyright © 2009 Intel Corporation Worldwide Mobile Growth Continues Mobile Shift Strong Across Mature and Emerging Markets Source: IDC Worldwide Quarterly PC -
Refs: Is It a Game Changer? Presented By: Rick Vanover, Director, Technical Product Marketing & Evangelism, Veeam
Technical Brief ReFS: Is It a Game Changer? Presented by: Rick Vanover, Director, Technical Product Marketing & Evangelism, Veeam Sponsored by ReFS: Is It a Game Changer? OVERVIEW Backing up data is more important than ever, as data centers store larger volumes of information and organizations face various threats such as ransomware and other digital risks. Microsoft’s Resilient File System or ReFS offers a more robust solution than the old NT File System. In fact, Microsoft has stated that ReFS is the preferred data volume for Windows Server 2016. ReFS is an ideal solution for backup storage. By utilizing the ReFS BlockClone API, Veeam has developed Fast Clone, a fast, efficient storage backup solution. This solution offers organizations peace of mind through a more advanced approach to synthetic full backups. CONTEXT Rick Vanover discussed Microsoft’s Resilient File System (ReFS) and described how Veeam leverages this technology for its Fast Clone backup functionality. KEY TAKEAWAYS Resilient File System is a Microsoft storage technology that can transform the data center. Resilient File System or ReFS is a valuable Microsoft storage technology for data centers. Some of the key differences between ReFS and the NT File System (NTFS) are: ReFS provides many of the same limits as NTFS, but supports a larger maximum volume size. ReFS and NTFS support the same maximum file name length, maximum path name length, and maximum file size. However, ReFS can handle a maximum volume size of 4.7 zettabytes, compared to NTFS which can only support 256 terabytes. The most common functions are available on both ReFS and NTFS. -
Module 12: Using Advanced Windows Powershell Techniques
Module 12: Using advanced Windows PowerShell techniques Lab: Practicing advanced techniques Exercise 1: Creating a profile script Task 1: Create a profile script • A script that performs these tasks is located at: E:\Mod12\Labfiles\10961C_Mod12_LabA_Ex1_LAK.txt Results: After completing this exercise, you should have created a profile script. Exercise 2: Verifying the validity of an IP address Task 1: Verify the validity of an IP address • A script that performs these tasks is located at: E:\Mod12\labfiles\10961C_Mod12_LabA_Ex2_LAK.txt. Results: After completing this exercise, you should have created a script that verifies the validity of an IP address. Exercise 3: Reporting disk information Task 1: Report disk information • A script that performs these tasks is located at: E:\Mod12\labfiles\10961C_Mod12_LabA_Ex3_LAK.txt. Results: After completing this exercise, you should have created a script that reports disk space on a server. Exercise 4: Querying NTFS permissions Task 1: Query NTFS permissions • A script that performs these tasks is located at: E:\Mod12\labfiles\10961C_Mod12_LabA_Ex4_LAK.txt. Results: After completing this exercise, you will have created a module that you can use to query NTFS permissions. Exercise 5: Creating user accounts with passwords from a CSV file Task 1: Create user accounts with a password from a CSV file • A script that performs these tasks is located at: E:\Mod12\labfiles\10961C_Mod12_LabA_Ex5_LAK.txt. Results: After completing this exercise, you will have created a script that will create new user accounts from a CSV file. Task 2: Prepare for the end of the course When you have finished the lab, revert the virtual machines to their initial state. -
Paragon NTFS for Linux
PARAGON Technologie GmbH, Systemprogrammierung Heinrich-von-Stephan-Str. 5c 79100 Freiburg, Germany Tel. +49 (0) 761 59018201 Fax +49 (0) 761 59018130 Internet www.paragon-software.com E-mail [email protected] Paragon NTFS for Linux #1 High-Performance Cross-platform Solution for PC, Key Features and Benefits NAS, Router, and HD Media Player OEMs/ODMs Full read/write access to Windows Network devices which can accommodate external storage are based upon (NTFS-formatted) HDDs under Linux kernels that do not support the file systems such external storage is normally formatted to. For example, Linux-based PCs, NAS devices, routers, and HD A pure kernel module –like native media players are incompatible with external HDDs formatted for NTFS Linux modules (*.o or *.ko) (Windows). To be competitive, OEMs/ODMs must find an effective bridge between the operating system or kernel their products are running and the Does not require additional libraries file systems that external storage is formatted to… High performance –better than FAT Over 10 years ago, Paragon Software Group recognized this need and developed a unique Universal File System Driver or UFSD™ technology which Low system requirements –16MB or provides full high-performance read/write access to file systems under less operating systems and kernels that do not support them, such as NTFS for Linux, Ext2/3FS for Mac OS X, HFS+ for Windows, etc. Small footprint <500KB Our most popular UFSD solution is Paragon NTFS for Linux, which enables Linux-based PCs and network devices to have full read/write access to NTFS- Short mount time formatted drives attached to them, with high performance as though they are native for Linux. -
USB External Device Encryption Instructions Acceptable Use: HSC Security Practices Regarding the Encryption of External USB Devices
USB External Device Encryption Instructions Acceptable Use: HSC Security Practices regarding the encryption of external USB devices • The Encrypted USB Storage Device may only be used for temporary storage and/or data transport of duplicate data. • A complex password must be used upon encryption, loss of the password will render the data on the USB unrecoverable. Further recovery safeguards are NOT APPLICABLE. Some things to note before getting started: • It is recommended that the USB device (Flash Drive/External HDD) be formatted to “NTFS” before saving data to the device and/or encrypting the device. Make sure that you have saved desired data from the USB Device before formatting the drive! There is no mechanism to restore the data from the USB Storage Device once it has been formatted. • The following steps must be performed on a Windows 10 [Ver. 1511] device or above that is connected to the Health domain for BitLocker encryption to work in our environment. Format the Device • Connect the USB device to the computer and locate the device in the File Explorer. • Right-click the external USB device, select “Format…”, and select the following options: o File system: NTFS o Volume label: *Something easily identifiable* o Format options: [Select] “Quick Format” Activate BitLocker • Locate the device in the File Explorer • Right-click the external USB device, select “Turn on BitLocker”, and select the following options: o Use a password to unlock the drive (This should be automatically selected if you are connected to the Health domain) o Enter a unique PIN, ensure that your new PIN meets the following requirements: . -
Refs V2 Cloning, Projecting, and Moving Data
ReFS v2 Cloning, projecting, and moving data J.R. Tipton [email protected] What are we talking about? • Two technical things we should talk about • Block cloning in ReFS • ReFS data movement & transformation • What I would love to talk about • Super fast storage (non-volatile memory) & file systems • What is hard about adding value in the file system • Technically • Socially/organizationally • Things we actually have to talk about • Context Agenda • ReFS v1 primer • ReFS v2 at a glance • Motivations for v2 • Cloning • Translation • Transformation ReFS v1 primer • Windows allocate-on-write file system • A lot of Windows compatibility • Merkel trees verify metadata integrity • Data integrity verification optional • Online data correction from alternate copies • Online chkdsk (AKA salvage AKA fsck) • Gets corruptions out of the namespace quickly ReFS v2 intro • Available in Windows Server Technical Preview 4 • Efficient, reliable storage for VMs: fast provisioning, fast diff merging, & tiering • Efficient erasure encoding / parity in mainline storage • Write tiering in the data path • Automatically redirect data to fastest tier • Data spills efficiently to slower tiers • Read caching • Block cloning • End-to-end optimizations for virtualization & more • File system-y optimizations • Redo log (for durable AKA O_SYNC/O_DSYNC/FUA/write-through) • B+ tree layout optimizations • Substantially more parallel • “Sparse VDL” – efficient uninitialized data tracking • Efficient handling of 4KB IO Why v2: motivations • Cheaper storage, but not