26 PROCEEDINGS Or THE SOCIETY, DECEMBEU 1861.

II. NOTES RELATIN E INTERMENTH O GT F KINO T G JAMES IIIF O . S QUEENHI SCOTLAN F O , D MABGAKEAN D F DENMARKO T N I , THE ABBEY CHURCH OF CAMBUSKENNETH. BY DAVID LA1NG, ESQ., FOREIGN SECBETARY OP THE SOCIETY. King Jame llte th f Junslais h o n III o wa n28te . th 1488h n i , year of his reign and 35th of his age. Nimmo, in his " History of Stirlingshire," says, place "th e where this barbarit committes ywa d is well known in that neighbourhood by the name of Beaton's-milu, said to be so called from the person who at that time possessed it; it is yet standing, though now converted into a dwelling-house, new and more commodious milns having been erected near it. The lower parts of its walls are still the same which received the unfortunate James. The stones wear the marks of antiquity, being much mouldered e weatheb th e ycours th f n i noro e many ages."e th vieA f 1wo hous representes ei drawine r th Jame Si n d i y gb s Alexander (see wood- cut at p. 25); it stands on the east side of Sauchie Burn. According o Buchanan't s statement, e king'th 2 s interment took plac Oambusn i e - kenneth Abbey on the 25th of that month ; and this statement is repeated by other historians. The mere circumstance that Sauchieburn, where the Kin slains gwa withi s mile,i w Cambuskennethf fe so na , would havd eha but little influenc n selectini e g that Abbe sepulturs place hi th f s eo ya e in preference to the Abbey of Holyrood, where his father, James II., was interred, or to Trinity College, Edinburgh, the burial-place of his mother, Mary of G-ueldres, but was undoubtedly owing to the fact that his Queen, Margare f Denmarko t previousld ha , y been burie t Cambuskennethda . Notwithstanding the silence of most of our historians, it is quite certain that Queen Margaret predecease r husbanddhe , probable th n yi tow f Stirling ncontemporare o th n I . y chronicl Jamef eo s G-ray (fol. 22), 1 History, &c., p. 230 ; Edinb. 1777. Second edition, p. 256 ; Stirling, 1817. 2 a igitu"E r consultations dilata, Edinburgum eunt. Ibi certiore morte d s e Regis facti, fumis ei amplissimum, faciendum curant, ad Cammiskennethum, Ccenobium Sterlino vicinum vicesimumd a , quintum diem mensis Junij." (Hist. lib. xiii.) ON THE INTERMENT OF JAMES III. OF SCOTLAND. 27

we find this brief notice : —" Obitus Mergarite Eegine Scotie apud Striuelin, Im iiijc Ixxxvi." In like manner, Drummond of Hawthornden says, " Margarite the Queen about these times, a good and virtuous lady, died I486, and was buried at Cambuskynnel the 29th of February."1 This e yeawoulth e r b d1486-7 , which s Pinkertona , 2 remarkst no s wa , bissextile; but I find a reference to another authority, which gives the day 27te a sth f Februaryho e mosTh t. remarkable proof, howevere th f o , fact is, the King's desire to contract a second marriage. On the 27th of November 1487 an indenture was subscribed at Edinburgh3 by com- missioners of the two kingdoms for establishing a lasting peace; and at the same time overtures were made for negotiating three marriages— that of James III. himself with Queen Elizabeth, the widow of King Edwarf Englando f Princ. o dIV d ean , Jame f Scotlano s d (afterwards Jame brothers s hi IV.) d Duke an , th , Bossf daughtere eo th f , o wit o hstw e samoth f e Englis f theso e eh on alliancet sovereignno s t wa sBu . fate tako dt e farthes placei t I .r evident that durin s reigghi n James himself had appointed a chaplain to sing masses for Queen Margaret. f Auguso d 3 e Ot nth 1488 e Treasureth , r pai Presa d o «T t callit Schir Thomas Mersell that sang for the Qwene in Stirling, L.4 . 0 . 0." After the king's death, James IV. appointed the same priest, Sir Thomas Merschell perforo t , m this service s expressea , e Treasurer'th n i d - Ac s counts, " Item Schio t , r Thomas Merschell that Kin e singisd th r gan fo Qwen n Cambuskynnell,i e e continueh d an " d tilt leasa l t November 150 receivo 7t s half-yearlehi f L.6o e , yfe 13s . Amon4d . g other pay- gives ments cobile wa n. th "5s o , lt mane (boatman f Cambuskynnelo ) l quhen the King past oure (crossed over)," the 27th April 1490; and three days later, " Item, to the Abot of Cambuskynnell, be a preoep of the Kingis, Kine tha lenth e h tg o Princet s t quhewe e nh , L.100." e AbbeTh f Cambuskennetyo s dedicatehwa Virgie th o dt n Maryd an , is usually assigne e middle twelftth th o f t dr o e h fo s centurywa t I . monks of the Augustine order; and from the first had received royal patronage. The church of Kippan had been granted to the Abbey by Walter, Earl of Menteith, and Alexander, his son and heir-apparent, for 1 Dninimond's History, p. 106. Lond. 1655, folio. Pinkerton's History, vol. i. p. 324, note.

32 Kymer's Fcedera, vol. xii. p. 328. 8 2 PROCEEDING SSOCIETYE OFTH , DECEMBEK ia(M.

salvation of their own souls, and of Matilda, the wife of the said Alex- ander, and for their sepulture appointed to be within the monastery.1 There is no date to this grant; but in confirming this grant, on the f Aprio h l6t 1496, Jame . addesIV d clauses de novodamus, which pre- scribe the usual religious services for the salvation of the souls of his own most noble father James III.Margared an , spouses hi t f happo , y memory, whose bodiesaddeds i t (i r said ) ou rest n monasteryi f Camlius-o kenneth. The following are the words of the charter, as recorded in the Eegister of the Great Seal, lib. xiii. No. 231:— " Carta super Eectori t Vicariae a Ecclesi Kippane ed jurt e e patrona- tus ejusdem alias data per Comitem de Menteth et mine de nouo per Begem Monasteri Cambuskynnete od t Canonicihe s ejusdem." After reciting the words of the original grant, with reference to the burial of Alexander Earl of Menteith and Matilda his spouse within the said monastery clausee th f o se introduceon , thio t s di effect:— " Nos igitur in honorem Dei omnipoteiitis prefateqiie gloriosissime Virginia' et matris sue Marie ac pro salute animarum quondam nobilis- simorum Patri t Matrie s s nostrorum Jacobi Terti t Mergarite i e eius sponse bone memorie, quibus propicietur Deus, quorum corpora in dicto nostro Monasterio requiescunt. Necnon orationum suffragii o nostripr s s I'atre et Matre antedictis ac pro nobis et successoribus nostris imper- petuum fiendis Batificamus, appr'obauimus, &o. Apud Striueling sexto die mensis Aprilis, anno Domini Millesimo quadragintesimo nonagesimo sexto, et Eegni nostri octauo." The various payments in the Treasurer's Accounts, of a subsequent date, during the reign of King James the Fourth, having reference to Cambuskenneth l clearlal , y erectioe poin th e lair r placth o o t t f f no o e sepulture withie Kin th e s parentsmonasteryr gth hi nfo r t fo bu ,t no , himself followine Th . g quotee entrieb y dsma :— 1501-2, March 15. Item to David Prat and the masounis that hewis the lai Cambuskinnethen i r . xiiij . 8 .drinksilverf o , . , 1502, June 7. Item, to the werkmen in Cambuskinneth, of drink- silver, be the Kingis command, . . ... iijs. 1 Dalyell's Analysis of the Chartularies of Cambuskenneth, &c., p. 23. Edin. 1828, 8vo. -----——;————- ———— -——-—- —— ———————— ON THE INTERMEN JAMEF TO S IIISCOTLANDF 9 O 2 . .

1502, June 12. Item, giffin to David Prat quhen he began the laying of the lair in Cambuskinneth, . . . xiiija. 1502, Jul . Itemy10 Carnbuskinnethn i , Davio et e dth Prad an t masounis that workis on the lair, be the Kingis command, xxviij". 1502, December 20. Item, to David Pret to by colouris to the Kingis lair in Cambuskynneth, .... xxviij'. 1502-3, Februar . Itemy16 o Davit , d Pret payntou n pari r f o t paymen e makine th Kingi th f o tf o gs sepultu n Cambusi r - kinneth, ...... xiiij lib. 1503, May 3. Item, to David Pret in part of payment of the sepultur making in Cambuskinneth, . vj lib. xilj". iiij'1. 1508, Jul . AlmanyItemye 5 th o ,t e (the Flemis Germar ho n artist) that suld ma Kingie kth s lai Cambuskinnetn i r marbilln hi , xxviij8. 1508, Juln . e AbboItemy7 ma th e f Tnnglano t ,o tth f gi o dt thaKingie th t k suls dma lai Cambuskynnethn i r . , iiij lib. iiij8. 1511, November 10. Item, to tbe botesman of Cambuskynnel for turnin . g (carrying iij. wattire 9 Kine th r )th ,gou (Same day.) Item Cambuskinnetn i , masounie th o ht n drinki s - silver, ...... xxviij*. It may be added that Ferrerius, in his continuation of Hector Boece's Chronicle recordinn i , deate g th f Jameho s III n 1488i . , saysd a , t "E Cambuskynneth coanobium canonicoru . mAugustinS i regia pomp- ade latum sepulturse traditur : ubi et hodie tumulus, in quo cum Eegina uxore sua conditur, magnifice olim extructits cernitur."1 calamitoue Th s deat f Kinho g t JameFloddena . IV s n Septembei , r 1513, aged 41, was the means of rendering unavailing his purpose to have had his resting-place in the tomb which had for many years been in pre- paration s bod carries Hi ywa . Londono dt treated an , d with indignity, although Henry VIIIlettes 12te hi Popth o n X. rt h.i o n October,o eLe , had signifie s desirehi d obtaininn o , e sanctio gHolinessth s hi f o n o t , pay royal honou brother-in-laws hi o t r intermenn a y b , t withi t Paul'nS s

Scotorum Histori prima a Gentis origine, &c. . 401p , . Paris. 1574, folio. 1 0 3 PROCEEDING SOCIETYE TH F SO , DECEMBER 1864.

Churche Scottisth t bu h; King bein f excommunicao gn undeba e th r - tion, this intention was neutralised, and his body was deposited in the Abbe f Shenyo r Richmond.eo 1 e priessucceedeo Th wh t d Merschel sino t r lJame gfo s shi IIId .an Queen at Cambuskenneth was Sir James Inglis, apparently in the year 1508 or 1509.2 He continued to hold this benefice for upwards of forty yearsleare w s na , fro e Treasurer'mth s Accounts n accouns O hi . f o t advanced age, between the year 1550 and 1552, Inglis seems to .have resigned in favour of Sir Eobert Paterson. The Beformation in 1560, of course, put an end to all such religious services.

POSTSCRIPT. [The success which attende operatione dth clearinf tracinsd o an t ggou the foundations of the Abbey of Cambuskenneth has been greater than was anticipated. No discovery of articles of special antiquarian interest indees ha dimportancf o bee s nwa madet i t e tha bu ,actuae th t l sitee th , form dimensiond an , buildinge th f so s should f possiblei , ascertainede b , , wels a thes a l . precise spot where Jame s Quee e Thirhi sth d nd an wer e interred. These points were hitherto quite conjectural onle th ys visibla , e portions above ground werdetacheo tw e d objects uppee th , rn para f o t arched doorwa lofte th yd toweryan t remainedI . , therefore seee b no t , what results might attend the exploring of the raised mounds covered with greensward for the space of nearly three centuries. I have little to add to the details given in the preceding communica- tion by Sir James Alexander : the portion of ground enclosed as a small public cemetery unfortunately proves to have been the western part of Churche e navth th f thid eo an s, necessarily preclude exploratioy dan n in that quarter. But by clearing away the earth on the exterior to the

1 Dunbar's Poems (Supplement), vol. i. p. 281. 2 Dunbar's Poems (Notes), vol. ii. p. 394.—The Treasurer's Accounts from August 150 Auguso 8t t 151 TareTost:" ON THE INTERMENT OF JAMES III. OF SCOTLAND. 31

depth of about two feet, the original west door of the Church was brought to light, exhibitin s Anglo-Normagit n characte s mouldeit n i r d shafts and bases, thus materially serving to ascertain the form of the entire building. The question also naturally arises, Where was the site of this mausoleum erecte imposinn a Jame y s ? b d Tha. wa t IV sgi t structure inside of the church cannot be doubted, and some indications still visible clearly point out the place to have been in the nave, not far from the south transept, which Mr Eochead has described at p. 24 ; and it seems equally certain that this sepulchral vaul d beeha tn surmountea y b d splendid shrine. Suc structurha e being nea e centre churchth rth f eo , firse th tf objecto e mighon se b tdestroyed , eithehope th plundef eo n ri r or of employing its rich materials elsewhere.

The TRUSTEES OF COWAN'S HOSPITAL, to whom the property belongs, have show o ordinarn y degre f zead o liberalite an l n carryinyi n o g these operations abovs A .e r JamestateSi y b ds Alexander, they have now resolve o enclospointint dw ne whole e groundy eth th b g f ed o an , and other Towere repairth n o s, whic s alwayha h s bee a npicturesqu e object, it will be secured from the injurious effects of the weather. Such a liberal and patriotic spirit merits the praise of all true anti- quaries. Another fortunate result has likewise to be recorded. The Provost of Stirling entered into a correspondence with the HOME SECRETARY, on e proprietth f erectinyo g some monumen o commemoratt t place eth f eo royal interment. .The Eight Honourable WILLIAM F. COWPER, Her Majesty's First Commissioner of Public Works, having, upon inquiry, satisfied himsel welw f lno tha ascertaines site th tewa discovere th y db y of human remain n thai s e Abbet th par f o yt church wher e Higth e h Altar must have stood, broughe h mattee th t r unde e Queen'th r s notice; MAJESTR HE s graciousl d Ywa an y please o commant d d tha a suitablt e Monument be erected. This is now nearly completed from a design prepare r MATIIESONM y e Boarb dth f f Workso o d, , Edinburgh (see e annexeth d drawing) s composei t I . f beautifuo d l freestone, about 4J feet in height, 8 feet long, and 4J feet broad at the base, and 3 feet tope ath t . 32 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETV, DECEMBER 1864.

followine Th side ge Monument on eth inscriptio n o t cu s n:i

' IN THIS PLACIS, NEAR TO THE HIGH ALTAR OF THE ABBEY OF CAMBUSKKNNETH, WERE DEPOSITED THE REMAINS OF JAMES THE THIRD, KING OF SCOTS, WHO DIEllTE DHTH JUNE 1488, AND OS HIS QUEEN THE PRINCESS MARGARET OF DENMARK.

r^^^^'*--

On the other side :— THIS RESTORATIO E TOM TH HEE BF O RNO ANCESTORS EXECUTES WA COMMANY DB F DO HER MAJESTY QUEEN VICTORIA, A.D. 1865. At one extremity of the monument the Eoyal Arms of Scotland (the Eed Lion on a field of gold) are sculptured, surmounted by a crown, and supported by the unicorns, with the motto—IN DEFENCE. e otherth e Eoyat th A , l Arm f Scotlano s d impaled with thosf o e Denmark, Burnrounted~by"a crownyand^surrounded by~a ACCOUNT OF A MANUSCRIPT OF THE ELEVENTH CENTURY. 33 t onlI y remain thatd ad n SaturdaSeptembed o , o t 23 s e th y r 1865, according to the newspaper report, the Provost of Stirling, and various other persons interested in the proceedings, assembled at the Abbey of Cambuskenneth, whe e remainth n s supposed(a s f Kino ) g James III. Quees hi d n an were deposited under this monument. From this report may be added the following extract:—" The remains having been carefully deposite recese a sarcophagusth f n di so e mason-worth d an , k e tomoth f b completed, PROVOST MDRRI f Stirlino E g -briefly addressed those present effece th o tt , thawitnessew t no the d re-intermene yha dth t of Jame s Queee sarcophagus hi th III d n i n .an tomd an sb orderey b d r MajestHe y QUEEN VICTORIA—a memorial whic gread hdi t honoue th o rt best feelings of Her Majesty. The structure was also highly creditable e e designerskild tastth th an f lo o t e r Matheson M , e Boarth f f o do , Works, Edinburgh, and also to the contractor, Mr John Ehind of Edin- burgh. From the beautiful situation of the memorial, and surrounded as it was by so many historical associations, he (the Provost) had no doubt it would be a favourite attraction to the numerous strangers who annually visit Stirling and its neighbourhood. The Provost then thanked those presen their fo t r attendance interestine th d an , g proceed- ing saddee terminatedb y d ma thagroune t I th t . d aroun spoe th dt e laib do t wit s i h whole gravelth d e an ,enclose d wit n elegana h t iron ] L. . D railing."