From the PC to the Network Computer
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
NORSK DATA AS SINTRAN Iii Reference Manual
SINTRAN Il Reference Manual NORSK DATA AS SINTRAN IiI Reference Manual ND-60.128.03 NOTICE The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Norsk Data A.S assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document. Norsk Data A.S assumes no responsibility for-the use or reliability of its software on equipment that is not furnished or supported by Norsk Data A.S. The information described in this document is protected by copyright. It may not be photocopied, reproduced or translated without the prior consent of Norsk Data A.S. Copyright © 1983 by Norsk Data A.S This manual is in loose leaf form for ease of updating. Old pages may be removed and new pages easily inserted if the manual is revised. The loose leaf form also allows you to place the manual in a ring binder (A) for greater protection and convenience of use. Ring binders with 4 rings corre- sponding to the holes in the manual may be ordered in two widths, 30 mm and 40 mm. Use the order form below. The manual may also be placed in a plastic cover (B). This cover is more suitable for manuals of less than 100 pages than for large manuals. Plastic covers may also be ordered below. M= | ~ . IB== B 'S NORSK DATA AS NORSK DATA AS Bil=i & e lll\ ® A Ring Binder B Plastic Cover Please send your order to the local ND office or {in Norway) to: Documentation Department Norsk Data A.S P.0O. Box 4, Lindeberg gérd Oslo 10 ORDER FORM | would like to order Ring Binders, 30 mm, at nkr 20,- per binder Ring Binders, 40 mm, at nkr 25,- per binder Plastic Covers at nkr 10,- per cover NAME .. -
Interfacing Apache HTTP Server 2.4 with External Applications
Interfacing Apache HTTP Server 2.4 with External Applications Jeff Trawick Interfacing Apache HTTP Server 2.4 with External Applications Jeff Trawick November 6, 2012 Who am I? Interfacing Apache HTTP Server 2.4 with External Applications Met Unix (in the form of Xenix) in 1985 Jeff Trawick Joined IBM in 1990 to work on network software for mainframes Moved to a different organization in 2000 to work on Apache httpd Later spent about 4 years at Sun/Oracle Got tired of being tired of being an employee of too-huge corporation so formed my own too-small company Currently working part-time, coding on other projects, and taking classes Overview Interfacing Apache HTTP Server 2.4 with External Applications Jeff Trawick Huge problem space, so simplify Perspective: \General purpose" web servers, not minimal application containers which implement HTTP \Applications:" Code that runs dynamically on the server during request processing to process input and generate output Possible web server interactions Interfacing Apache HTTP Server 2.4 with External Applications Jeff Trawick Native code plugin modules (uhh, assuming server is native code) Non-native code + language interpreter inside server (Lua, Perl, etc.) Arbitrary processes on the other side of a standard wire protocol like HTTP (proxy), CGI, FastCGI, etc. (Java and \all of the above") or private protocol Some hybrid such as mod fcgid mod fcgid as example hybrid Interfacing Apache HTTP Server 2.4 with External Applications Jeff Trawick Supports applications which implement a standard wire protocol, no restriction on implementation mechanism Has extensive support for managing the application[+interpreter] processes so that the management of the application processes is well-integrated with the web server Contrast with mod proxy fcgi (pure FastCGI, no process management) or mod php (no processes/threads other than those of web server). -
EVOLUTION of Cowtrot SYSTEMS for Aecelsiato&S
- 271 - EVOLUTION OF COWTROt SYSTEMS FOR AeCELSiAtO&S M.C. Crovley-Milling CRM, Geneva 1, HISTORICAL The ««liest accelerator* wer« quite •»*'. 1, and their controls few, as can be seen from fig. 1 which ahow* the 11-inch eye lot ron built by Lawrence and Livingstone in 1932. Control wm by switches sai variable resistors and indication by a variety of Meters, wired directly iota the appropriate circuit, Where the control eleaemt had to be at high vol• tage, a loop of string vat often uted Co operate it. I1* Figur* t : the 11-inch Cyclotron at Berkeley As the si«* and power of the accelerator* increased, they had to be surrounded by heavier and heavier »hielding, and the controls and indications had to be taken away from the accelerator lt»el£ and transferred to a separate control roo». At first this was done by ju»t extending the cables, keeping each control and indication separate, but the increa• sing number* of value» to be indicated led to some manual switching of instruments between different circuit* to save panel apace. In the 1980's, even though the cyclic, accelerators had grown up to 200 » in diameter, the expense of taking cables for every control element to the control too» was not exce««ive. However, in the i960'», project* of auch larger siae were being considered, where this would no longer be true. The first of theae was the "2-mile" electron lime at SLAC. This is composed of 240 alraott identical taodule*, each aodule having very many controls and indications of interest to the operators, The enormous number of cables which would be required to take all these to the control room was reduced considerably by rentóte awl t i- plexing; that is switching one particular control or indication from each «©«Joie in turn onto the s«se set of cables. -
Vasili Korol
Vasili Korol Senior Software Developer Odense, Denmark Age: 35 mob.: +45 20 68 50 23 Married, have son (born 2010) e-mail: [email protected] Personal Statement ⚬ Strong IT skills (16+ years of versatile experience) ⚬ Background in physics research ⚬ Work effectively both as team member and leader ⚬ Enthusiastic and committed ⚬ Spoken languages: Russian (native), English (fluent), Danish (Prøve i Dansk 3 / level B2) Education 2006–2008: Master’s degree (with distinction) in applied physics. 2002–2006: Bachelor’s degree (with distinction) in applied physics. Under- to postgraduate student at St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University, Faculty of Physics and Technology, Dept. of Cosmic Physics. The thesis “Search for possible space-time variations of the fine-structure constant and isotopic shifts” (a supervisor Prof. M.G. Kozlov). 1992-2002: School education in St. Petersburg, Russia and Belfast, UK (in 1993). Professional Career 2015 – Feb 2021: Software developer in the QuantBio research group at the University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Institute of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy (HPC section). I am the principal developer of VIKING, a service providing a web interface for configuring and running scientific computational tasks on supercomputers. I designed the software architecture, developed the system core and coordinated the work of several developers. 2014 – 2015: Lead programmer (Perl) at Internet Projects LLC, russian informational portals subscribe.ru and sendsay.ru (St. Petersburg, Russia). Worked with a team of developers on projects targeted at developing an API for news aggregation and content processing services. This involved integration with various online platforms (Facebook, Twitter, Vkontakte, LiveJournal, Google Analytics), web scraping and designing instruments for user publications at the portals and beyond. -
TU-P20 How to Survive the Upgrade Treadmill
HOW TO SURVIVE THE UPGRADE TREADMILL Kirsten Hinsch, Ursula Lauströer, Rüdiger Schmitz, Winfried Schütte - DESY Hamburg, Germany Abstract Lets look a little closer on the impact of changes in Here at DESY we have nine large particle accelerators each part of our environment. and correspondingly a large and complex control system. It consists of subsystems of many generations of hard and 3 IMPACT OF CHANGES software. Until recently we even had to support Norsk Data mini computers so called NORDs. The number of 3.1 Changes in the accelerator applications is considerably more than a thousand. The This is a true place of peace and tranquility. Of course a control team consists of a dozen people aged typically in new accelerator needs a new control system. A closed one the fifties. This large, diverse and understaffed system in- does not need one anymore. Still a major change in the troduces a considerable amount of (healthy) inertia. On accelerator does not necessary have any imp act on the the other hand we have a fast hard- and software upgrade technologies used. It is just a good and most welcome op- cycle in the general computing scene. There is every few portunity to change things now. years a major operating system upgrade. This conflict produces tension and stimulation. 3.2 Network Network upgrades have moderate impact on the other 1 INTRODUCTION areas (fair degree of orthogonality). The major problem we have now is CISCOs mediocre IPX support. We ex- Everybody who works a few years in our field physical- pect this to get worse. -
The Founding, Fantastic Growth, and Fast Decline of Norsk Data AS Tor Steine
The Founding, Fantastic Growth, and Fast Decline of Norsk Data AS Tor Steine To cite this version: Tor Steine. The Founding, Fantastic Growth, and Fast Decline of Norsk Data AS. 3rd History of Nordic Computing (HiNC), Oct 2010, Stockholm, Sweden. pp.249-257, 10.1007/978-3-642-23315- 9_28. hal-01564615 HAL Id: hal-01564615 https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01564615 Submitted on 19 Jul 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License The Founding, Fantastic Growth, and Fast Decline of Norsk Data AS Tor Olav Steine Formerly of Norsk Data AS [email protected] Abstract. Norsk Data was a remarkable company that in just twenty years went from a glimmer in the eyes of some computer enthusiasts to become number two in share value at the Oslo Stock Exchange. Within a few years thereafter, it collapsed, for no obvious reason. How was this tremendous success possible and why did the company collapse? Keywords: Collapse, computer, F16, industry, minicomputer, Norsk Data, Nord, simulator, success, Supermini 1 The Beginning 1.1 FFI A combination of circumstances led to the founding of Norsk Data1 in June 1967. -
Using Fastcgi with Apache HTTP Server 2.4
Using FastCGI with Apache HTTP Server 2.4 Jeff Trawick The world of FastCGI Using FastCGI with Apache HTTP Server 2.4 FastCGI with Apache httpd 2.4 Jeff Trawick Choosing mod fcgid http://emptyhammock.com/ mod proxy fcgi [email protected] mod authnz fcgi Other tools April 8, 2014 PHP Applications and FastCGI Future 1/97 Revisions Using FastCGI with Apache HTTP Server 2.4 Jeff Trawick The world of FastCGI 2014-04-10 FastCGI with Apache httpd Add Require expr ... to /www/tools/ 2.4 configuration in More classic CGI configuration Choosing slide to resolve a potential security hole. Thank mod fcgid mod proxy fcgi you Eric Covener! mod authnz fcgi Other tools PHP Applications and FastCGI Future 2/97 Get these slides... Using FastCGI with Apache HTTP Server 2.4 Jeff Trawick The world of FastCGI FastCGI with Apache httpd 2.4 http://emptyhammock.com/projects/info/slides.html Choosing mod fcgid mod proxy fcgi mod authnz fcgi Other tools PHP Applications and FastCGI Future 3/97 Table of Contents Using FastCGI with Apache HTTP Server 1 The world of FastCGI 2.4 Jeff Trawick 2 FastCGI with Apache httpd 2.4 The world of FastCGI 3 Choosing FastCGI with Apache httpd 4 mod fcgid 2.4 Choosing 5 mod proxy fcgi mod fcgid mod proxy fcgi 6 mod authnz fcgi mod authnz fcgi Other tools 7 Other tools PHP Applications 8 PHP Applications and FastCGI and FastCGI Future 9 Future 4/97 Introduction | Who am I? Using FastCGI with Apache HTTP Server 2.4 I've worked at Jeff Trawick several large corporations, for over two decades The world of FastCGI my own one-person company, Emptyhammock, for the FastCGI with last two years Apache httpd 2.4 I've worked on Choosing several products which were primarily based on or mod fcgid otherwise included Apache HTTP Server mod proxy fcgi lower-level networking products mod authnz fcgi web applications Other tools PHP I've developed or maintained some of the FastCGI Applications and FastCGI support in the Apache HTTP Server project. -
NGINX Modules Reference
Nginx, Inc. NGINX Plus Reference Guide NGINX Plus - release 11, based on 1.11.5 core October 19, 2016 Copyright Notice © 2012-2016 Nginx, Inc. All rights reserved. NGINX, NGINX Plus and any Nginx, Inc. product or service name or logo used herein are trademarks of Nginx, Inc. All other trademarks used herein belong to their respective owners. The trademarks and logos displayed herein may not be used without the prior written consent of Nginx, Inc. or their respective owners. This documentation is provided \AS IS" and is subject to change without notice and should not be interpreted as a commitment by Nginx, Inc. This documentation may not be copied, modified or distributed without authorization of Nginx, Inc. and may be used only in connection with Nginx, Inc. products and services. Nginx, Inc. assumes no responsibility or liability for any errors or inaccuracies that may appear in this documentation. 1 Preface About NGINX NGINX® (\engine x") is a high performance, high concurrency web server excelling at large scale content delivery, web acceleration and protecting application containers. Its precise integration with modern operating systems allows unprecedented levels of efficiency even when running on commodity hardware. Nginx, Inc. develops and maintains NGINX open source distribution, and offers commercial support and professional services for NGINX. About NGINX Plus • Offers additional features on top of the free open source NGINX version. • Prepared, tested and supported by NGINX core engineering team led by the original author Igor Sysoev. For more information • Find more details about NGINX products and support at https://www.nginx.com/. • For online NGINX documentation visit http://nginx.org/en/docs. -
Server Side Java with Apache/Ix Page 1 of 3
Server side Java with Apache/iX Page 1 of 3 Jazz home > Papers & Training Server side Java with » Return to original page Apache/iX (please notice that I am only tasting software, not testing it ;-) When I recently played with a trial version of Java Web Server from Sun (on MPE/iX, of course), I learned a little bit about the concept of Servlets for implementing server side functionality in Java. I found the servlet technology and associated API quite interesting, not just because of its underlying concept and architecture, but also because it allowed me -still a Java beginner- to implement a few examples of using server side Java to generate dynamic web pages with amazingly small effort. So I thought, I'd write up this little piece to share some of the experiences with you. Last, but not least, because it also can be used with Apache/iX - but we'll cover that later. What the h*** is a servlet? A servlet is basically a user-supplied extension of the web server's default functionality. Like an Applet is a piece of Java bytecode that is executed inside the web browser to implement some functionality on the client side, a Servlet is a piece of Java bytecode that is executed inside the web server to implement some functionality on the server side. In typical cases it would be used to generate web pages with dynamic content on-the-fly or provide some web interface to a server side application. The servlet technology is just another means to avoid the classic CGI child process implementation and its associated overhead for short-lived process creation as well as hassle with state management to make a sequence of inherently independent http requests form some kind of logical transaction from the user perspective. -
Dynamic Web Content Technologies
Dynamic web content technologies CSCI 470: Web Science • Keith Vertanen Overview • Dynamic content – What it is – Sources of input • CGI (Common Gateway Interface) – FastCGI • Server-side scripng – PHP, ASP, JSP • Web server modules • Custom web server 2 Stac vs. dynamic • Stac content – Images and pages don't change • Always the same, liKe a file server – Fast to deliver, easy to cache • Dynamic content – Same URL results in different delivered HTML • e.g. different preference on # of products to display – May change as user interac?on progresses • e.g. adding items to a shopping cart – Need something besides just HTTP and HTML • HTTP is stateless • HTML is not programmable (e.g. condi?onal, loops) 3 Input to dynamic pages • Form fields – <INPUT> tags inside the <FORM> tag – URL encoding (percent-encoded) • if GET: in the URL, if POST: in the HTTP payload • Unreserved characters: – ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijKlmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789-_.~ • Reserved characters: – !*'();:@&=$,/?#[] – Converted to %XX, where XX is ASCII in hexadecimal – %20 = space (also +), %21 = !, %23 = #, %25 = %, … • Most languages have URL encode/decode func?ons 4 Input to dynamic pages • Cookies – Differen?ate clients hing same page • Other input sources: – User agent (browser) – HTTP referer • Misspelled since original RFC 1945 • The page you came from to get to this one – Client's IP address – Time of day – … 5 CGI • CGI (Common Gateway Interface) – In use since 1993 – Requests a URL in a special locaon/file extension • e.g. h~p://www.blah.com/cgi-bin/looKup -
Fastcgi 1 Fastcgi
FastCGI 1 FastCGI FastCGI es un protocolo para interconectar programas interactivos con un servidor web. FastCGI es una variación de la ya conocida Common Gateway Interface (CGI ó Interfaz Común de Entrada). El principal objetivo de FastCGI es reducir la carga asociada con el hecho de interconectar el servidor web y los programas Common Gateway Interface, permitiéndole a un servidor atender más peticiones a la vez. Ventajas • Independencia del lenguaje utilizado. Libertad de elección de la plataforma de desarrollo: C++, PHP, Perl, Java, entre otros. • Se utiliza un proceso separado. Libertad de elección del servidor web. Facilidad para el tratamiento de errores y depuración. • Es posible la ejecución en host separado. Mayor libertad para configuración del sistema, tanto en el diseño de la red como en la elección de los sistemas operativos. Disminución de la carga de trabajo del servidor principal. En resumen, la libertad de diseño de CGI a la velocidad de un módulo del servidor.. Historia CGI es un protocolo para interconectar aplicaciones externas con servidores web. Las aplicaciones CGI corren en un proceso separado que es creado al inicio de cada petición y es finalizado cuando termina su trabajo. Este modelo de "un nuevo proceso por cada petición" hace que los programas CGI sean muy fáciles de implementar, pero limita la eficiencia y la escalabilidad. En altas cargas, la sobrecarga en el sistema operativo por la creación y destrucción de procesos se torna significativa y limita la escalabilidad. Además, el modelo de procesos CGI limita las técnicas de reutilización de recursos (como ser la reutilización de conexiones a base de datos, caché en memoria, etc). -
Fifty-Year Anniversaries in Norwegian Computing History
EVENTS AND SIGHTINGS Editor: Chigusa Kita Fifty-Year Anniversaries in Norwegian Computing History wo fifty-year anniversaries in computing history were celebrated in Oslo in September 2017: the fifty-year T anniversary of the creation of the Simula program- ming language, and the fifty-year anniversary of the found- ing of the Norsk Data computer company. Simula The Simula 67 programming language, first formally defined in 1967, was a step in a series of developments by Ole-Johan Dahl and Kristen Nygaard that began in the early 1960s.1 Dahl and Nygaard were given the 2001 IEEE John von Neumann Medal and the ACM 2001 A.M. Turing Award for their creation of Simula. A fifty-year anniversary celebration for Simula took place (in the “Simula Auditorium” in the “Ole-Johan Dahl Building”) at the University of Oslo on 27 September 2017. PHOTO 1. Photo credit: Harald Brombach/digi.no. The celebration began with unveiling of a plaque from the IEEE History Committee’s Milestone program. The plaque reads: chaired by Eric Jul (“Whither Programming Languages? Can IEEE Milestone We Still Celebrate Simula 50 Years from Now?”) with partic- Object-oriented Programming, 1961–1967 ipation of the prior three speakers and Ole Lehrmann Mad- Ole-Johan Dahl and Kristen Nygaard created the sen and Olaf Owe.2 Videos from the event are available.3 Simula programming languages in the 1960s at the The previous afternoon, the Association of Simula Norwegian Computer Center, and in so doing intro- Users (ASU) held a several-hour meeting at which there duced a new way of modeling and simulating complex were six presentations and a wrap-up session.