Reconstruction
What were the effects of the Civil War? What happened to the South after the Civil War? Questions following the Civil War
• What to do with former slaves(Freedmen)? • Should Southerners be punished? • What to do with the rebellious states? • What impact will this have on the economy of the South? And National economy?
Back together!
• The North wanted to reunite the Union • The South wanted to secede • The North won! So now what?
• The South was destroyed physically
They needed to rebuild! But how?! Lincoln’s vision was to rebuild the nation rather than punish the south.
I just want a quick and easy end to the war! Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan
• Ten percent of the population of each southern state had to swear loyalty to the United States • Except for high ranking officers, all confederate soldiers would be pardoned • He did not demand equality for African Americans • The state could set up a new government ▫ As long as the government set free all slaves Congress thought Lincoln’s plan was too generous, so they didn’t pass his plan
Radical Republicans Plan
▫ Wanted a harsh punishment for the south • They passed the Wade Davis Bill ▫ Required over 50% of a state to swear loyalty to the US ▫ Demanded equality for African Americans
Lincolns 10% plan was not Lincoln vetoed approved by Congress’ Wade- Congress Davis Bill • Until new state governments could be created in southern states, Congress put the south under military control Lincoln is Assassinated Andrew Johnson (Lincoln’s Vice President) becomes President
I don’t like any of these plans! I’m going to make my own! Johnson’s plan: Restoration
• Each state had to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment ▫ Abolishing slavery • Confederate leaders had to write to Johnson and ask him to be pardoned • Did not require states to give equality to African Americans Congress and Reconstruction
• The Radical Republicans hated Johnson • Despite his plan, they put their own force into Reconstruction
Passed the Civil Rights Act (1866) • Passed the 14th Amendment ▫ Gave citizenship to African Americans No person (regardless of races) will be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law