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Undercurrents of German Influence in Maryland,” a Word of Explanation Is Necessary
UNDERCURRENTS OF 1 GERMAN INFLUENCE IN MARYLAND he Society for the History of the Germans in Maryland celebrates tonight the twenty fifth anniversary of its foundation. It is but nat Tural to pause a moment and reflect upon what has been done before passing on to renewed endeavor. What has the Society been able to accomplish in the first quarter century of its existence? The answer can readily be given. The Society has rescued from oblivion the names and records of noble pioneers in American history, it has searched for and discovered the traces, south of Mason and Dixon’s line, of that sturdy Teutonic stock, which has contributed to the people of the United States more than one quarter of their blood and no less to their economic and cultural develop ment. To speak more specifically, the Society has shown that the eco nomic foundation and commercial prosperity of the city of Baltimore was dependent, vastly and indispensably, upon German settlers, many of whom trekked from Pennsylvania, others came from over the sea, and were founders of families prominent in the annals of the city. The Society has called attention to the German pioneers of Western Maryland, in the Counties Frederick, Allegany, and Washington. Hagerstown, once the westernmost settlement, perpetuates the name of the original settler, Jonathan Hager, who held a seat in the Colonial Assembly of provincial Maryland. As in Pennsylvania so in Western Maryland the German stock before the Revolutionary War founded the agricultural prosperity of the Commonwealth of Maryland. The Society has searched archives and church records, made available historical materials, and its reports and publications are to be found in every library that makes any pretensions to storing adequately the sources of American history. -
Immigrants, Nativists, and the Making of Chicago, 1835-1893
Immigrants, Nativists, and the Making of Chicago, 1835-1893 Author: Mimi Cowan Persistent link: http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:104929 This work is posted on eScholarship@BC, Boston College University Libraries. Boston College Electronic Thesis or Dissertation, 2015 Copyright is held by the author, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise noted. Boston College The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Department of History IMMIGRANTS, NATIVISTS, AND THE MAKING OF CHICAGO, 1835-1893 a dissertation by MIMI COWAN Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy December 2015 ©copyright by MIMI I. COWAN 2015 Immigrants, Nativists, and the Making of Chicago, 1835-1893 Mimi Cowan Advisor, Dr. Kevin Kenny Between 1835 and 1893, the majority of immigrants who settled in Chicago were of Irish or German birth. Even though the city’s economic leaders’ plans to transform Chicago into a center of international trade required the labor of these immigrants, Irish and German Chicagoans were still the targets of nativism. They were not, however, merely objects of nativism; instead, they were able to challenge nativist-inspired policies and assumptions about the inability of immigrants to become loyal Americans. They demonstrated their allegiance to the U. S. through service in independent ethnic militias and challenged policies that they felt unfairly targeted them, such as temperance laws in the 1850s, militia laws in the 1870s, and educational policy in the 1880s. But after 1865, as Chicago industrialized, labor conflict grew. As a result, the success of immigrants’ efforts to demonstrate their allegiance or combat nativist-inspired policies relied on their willingness to distance themselves from radicalism. -
Maryland Historical Magazine, 1941, Volume 36, Issue No. 4
mpi sc szn-i-iHi MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE VOL. XXXVI DECEMBER, 1941 No. 4 JOSHUA BARNEY AND THE FRENCH REVOLUTION By BERNARD MAYO When William Wirt was writing his biography of Patrick Henry and having difficulty in finding material on his subject, St. George Tucker commiserated with him on the indifference of Virginians to their great men. It seemed to Tucker that even Socrates would have been soon forgotten in the Ancient Dominion.1 This same sort of indifference has obscured the merits of a num- ber of Maryland's distinguished sons, and among them until recently has been Joshua Barney of Baltimore. To most Americans his name, if it meant anything at all, vaguely recalled the gallant defense of Washington in 1814 made by Barney's marines and flotilla-men at William Wirt's home town of Bladensburg. Yet this was but one of the Marylander's many exploits and public services. Happily he has now been rescued from an undeserved obscurity by Mr. Hulbert Footner's robust and stirring biography. Sailor of Fortune: The Life and Adventures of Commodore Barney, U. S. N.2 It is not the purpose here to recount what Mr. Footner has already told, but rather to throw a little additional light on one phase of Joshua Barney's career. In editing for the American Historical Association a volume comprising the instructions sent by the British foreign secretaries to Britain's envoys in America from 1791 to 1812, several items have been discovered which are pertinent to the man. The Foreign Office archives reveal that 1St. -
Twenty Years of German-American Studies
TWENTY YEARS OF GERMAN-AMERICAN STUDIES By DIETER CUNZ In the third decade of the twentieth century the United States reversed its century-old policy of unqualified welcome to all immigrants. The Immi- gration Quota and National Origin Laws did not shut the doors entirely, but they ended the history of immigration in the traditional American sense of the word. Unrestricted admission to the United States belongs to the past and has become a closed chapter of American history. Removed from the electrically charged discussions of Congressional Committees, Labor Relations Boards and Union officials the whole complex has now been left to the historians. They seem to have taken a renewed interest in this matter, and it is gratifying to note that during the last twenty years the sector of German-American immigration history, too, has been tackled with a vigor and intensity never known before. German-American studies have benefited a great deal from the fact that American immigration history in general has shown a new impetus. It was most fortunate that some American historians of the highest caliber con- tributed a number of broader studies which set the frame and provided guidance for more specialized research. Among these general works we mention Marcus L. Hansen's two books The Atlantic Migration and The Immigrant in American History; Oscar Handlin's The Uprooted; and Carl Wittke's We Who Built America.1 Hansen's Atlantic Migration and Handlin's Uprooted are more histories of European emigration (Hansen particularly concerned with Western and Central Europe, Handlin with more emphasis on Eastern Europe) than treatments of American immi- gration. -
Abraham Lincoln and the German Immigrants: Turners and Forty-Eighters
Baron, Frank. Abraham Lincoln and the German Immigrants: Turners and Forty-Eighters. Yearbook of German American Studies, Supplemental Issue, volume 4. Lawrence, Kansas: Society of German-American Studies, 2012. Publisher’s official version: http://www2.ku.edu/~maxkade/lincolnBook.pdf. Open Access version: http://hdl.handle.net/1808/10182. [This document contains the author’s accepted manuscript. For the publisher’s version, see the link in the header of this document.] Paper citation: Baron, Frank. Abraham Lincoln and the German Immigrants: Turners and Forty- Eighters. Yearbook of German American Studies, Supplemental Issue, volume 4. Lawrence, Kansas: Society of German-American Studies, 2012. Abstract: This is an excerpt from the book, Abraham Lincoln and the German Immigrants: Turners and Forty-Eighters, published in Lawrence, KS by the Society of German-American Studies. Excerpt: Abraham Lincoln and the German Immigrants: Turners and Forty-Eighters Introduction Reporting from Springfield, Illinois, on December 9, 1860, only a matter of days after the election, Henry Villard, correspondent for the New York Herald, made a remarkable assertion about Lincoln’s election to the presidency: In Ohio, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, and Wisconsin, native Republicans now openly acknowledge that their victory was, if not wholly, at least to a great extent, due to the large accessions they received in the most hotly contested sections from the German ranks. That an immigrant population should be the decisive element in a national election was unprecedented. Despite a cautious reservation (“if not wholly, at least to a great extent”), Villard offered a controversial assessment. He was saying, in effect, that Lincoln owed his success to German-Americans.* Historians since Villard have noted, on occasion, the formidable German vote for Lincoln, but assertions about its significance have been challenged. -
HISTORY of the GERMAN GYMNASTIC MOVEMENT of BALTIMORE by AUGUSTUS J
HISTORY OF THE GERMAN GYMNASTIC MOVEMENT OF BALTIMORE By AUGUSTUS J. PRAHL Baltimore played a rather important "Mobtown." Karl A. M. Scholtz gives part in the early history of American the following account of the event: "It Turnerism. Here the "Sozial-demo- was on the eleventh of September, 1852, kratische Turnverein of Baltimore" was when as a part of the entertainment a founded in 1849 shortly after similar picnic with gymnastic exercises and societies had been established in New sports had been arranged at the Fair York, Cincinnati, Philadelphia, and Grounds on Charles Street, above what Boston. Its cradle stood, according to is now North Avenue, that rowdy gang- Louis Hoffmann, in the courtyard of an sters sought to break up the picnic by inn owned by two Germans, Auer and rushing the gate and breaking into the Lauer, at the corner of Liberty and grounds. They failed to count on the Saratoga Streets. The Turners Carl discipline maintained by the Turners, so Giller, Conrad H. Becker, Louis Binder- they were beaten off and driven out. wald, and Adam Geyer were supposed They took revenge by waylaying indi- to have been the first who investigated viduals homeward bound from the fest. the founding of a Turnverein. In 1850 To ward off further attacks on the re- the society in Baltimore counted a mem- turn home in the evening, a long pro- bership of 278 and was the strongest of cession was formed; in the middle the the seventeen gymnastic organizations women and children were placed, at then existing in the United States. -
Maryland Historical Magazine, 2005, Volume 100, Issue No. 3
mf / - +100 Fall 2005 HALL OF RECORDS LIBRARY M r\ ABVAPOULS, MAByLAjA. N D Historical Magazine Centennial Edition THE MARYLAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY Founded 1844 Dennis A. Fiori, Director The Maryland Historical Magazine Robert I. Cottom, Editor Patricia Dockman Anderson, Managing Editor David Prencipe, Photographer Robin Donaldson Coblentz, Christopher T. George, Jane Gushing Lange, Mary Markey, Robert W. Barnes, and Brian J. Fabiano, Editorial Associates Acting as an editorial board, the Publications Committee of the Maryland Historical Society oversees and supports the magazine staff. Members of the committee are: Jean H. Baker, Goucher College; Trustee/Chair John S. Bainbridge Jr., Baltimore County James H. Bready, Baltimore Sun Robert J. Brugger, The Johns Hopkins University Press Lois Green Carr, St. Mary's City Commission Suzanne E. Chapelle, Morgan State University Toby L. Ditz, The Johns Hopkins University Dennis A. Fiori, Maryland Historical Society, ex-offtcio David G. Fogle, University of Maryland Jack G. Goellner, Baltimore Roland C. McConnell, Morgan State University Norvell E. Miller III, Baltimore Charles W. Mitchell, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins John W. Mitchell, Upper Marlboro Jean B. Russo, Annapolis David S. Thaler, Baltimore Bruce Thompson, Frederick Community College Bertram Wyatt-Brown, Visiting Scholar, The Johns Hopkins University Members Emeriti Samuel Hopkins, Baltimore Charles McC. Mathias, Chevy Chase The Maryland Historical Magazine welcomes submissions from authors and letters to the editor. Letters may be edited for space and clarity. All articles will be acknowledged, but only those accompanied by a stamped, self-addressed envelope will be returned. Submissions should be printed or typed manuscript. Address Editor, Maryland Historical Magazine, 201 West Monument Street, Baltimore, Maryland, 21201. -
Review Essay
Review Essay DANIEL NAGEL Frank Baron. Abraham Lincoln and the German Immigrants: Turners and Forty-Eighters (Yearbook of German-American Studies, Supple- mental Issue, Vol. 4). Lawrence, Kan.: The Society for German- American Studies, 2012. Pp., 254. Frank Baron’s new study, Abraham Lincoln and the German Immigrants: Turners and Forty-Eighters, aims to analyze the relationship between one of America’s greatest presidents and a group of revolutionary refugees. However, the book’s contribution to historiography is lim- ited due to structural problems, imprecise reasoning, terminological inconsistencies, and the lack of an exact explanation of what the author plans to accomplish. Baron draws on sources that, to my knowledge, have not been previ- ously examined. He was granted access to the archives of the New York Turner Society, and he located previously unknown copies of the Turn- Zeitung, the newspaper of the German-American Turner organization. He also consulted such German-American newspapers in Indiana as the Freie Presse von Indiana. Based on that material, Baron investigates the connection between Abraham Lincoln and the Forty-Eighters. Unfortunately, he frequently uses the term “German-Americans” interchangeably with “Forty- Eighters” and often treats German-Americans as if they were a single unified group. For instance, Baron argues that a “quiet alliance be- tween the German-Americans [emphasis added] and Abraham Lincoln existed” (3). On the same page however, he explains his aim to “re- construct the convergence of their common interests. “Converging” interests is not as concrete as some kind of “alliance” between Lincoln and either German-Americans or Forty-Eighters. -
Endemic Goitre Endemic Goitre
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION MONOGRAPH SERIES No. 44 ENDEMIC GOITRE ENDEMIC GOITRE CONTRIBUTORS F. W. CLEMENTS - J. DE MOERLOOSE - M. P. DESMET J. C.M. HOLMAl'l - F. C. KELLY-P. LANGER -- S. LISSITZKY F. W. LOWENSTEIN - W. McCARTNEY - J. MATOVINOVIC S. T. MILCU - J. A. MUNOZ - C. PEREZ V. RAMALINGASWAMI - J. ROCHE N. S. SCRIMSHAW - W. W. SNEDDEN J.B. STANBURY .€ . UJ WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION PAL..\IS DES KATIO:SS GENEVA 1960 Authors alone are responsible for Yiews expressed in the Monograph Series of the World Health Organization. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers' products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature which are not men- tioned. Proprietary names are distinguished by initial capital letters. PRINTED IN SWITZERLAND CONTENTS Preface Page7 History of goitre - P. Langer 9 Prevalence and geographical distribution of endemic goitre - F. C. Kelly & TF. T-V. Snedden . 27 Health significance of endemic goitre and related conditions - F. W. Clements . 235 Physiology of endemic goitre -- J. B. Stanbury 261 The study of experimental goitre - S. T. Milcu 279 Pathological anatomy of endemic goitre - M. P. De Smet 315 Etiology of endemic goitre - J. Roche & S. Lissitzky . 351 Technique of endemic goitre surveys - C. Perez, N. S. Scrim- shaw & J. A. J\.fuiioz . 369 Therapy and prophylaxis of endemic goitre - J. 1\fatovinovic & V. Ramalingaswami . 385 lodization of salt - J. C. M. Holman & W. ]vfcCartney 411 Principles and problems of endemic goitre control - F. W. Lowenstein . 443 Legislation on iodine prophylaxis - J.