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Mastering Cross-Platform Development with Xamarin [ 1 ] Mastering Cross-Platform Development with Xamarin Master the skills required to steer cross-platform applications from drawing board to app store(s) using Xamarin Can Bilgin BIRMINGHAM - MUMBAI Mastering Cross-Platform Development with Xamarin Copyright © 2016 Packt Publishing All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews. Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the author, nor Packt Publishing, and its dealers and distributors will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this book. Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all of the companies and products mentioned in this book by the appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information. First published: March 2016 Production reference: 1280316 Published by Packt Publishing Ltd. Livery Place 35 Livery Street Birmingham B3 2PB, UK. ISBN 978-1-78528-568-4 www.packtpub.com Credits Author Project Coordinator Can Bilgin Nidhi Joshi Reviewers Proofreader Engin Polat Safis Editing Lance McCarthy Toni Petrina Indexer Hemangini Bari Commissioning Editor Veena Pagare Graphics Kirk D'Penha Acquisition Editors Vinay Argekar Production Coordinator Shantanu N. Zagade Meeta Rajani Cover Work Content Development Editor Shantanu N. Zagade Siddhesh Salvi Technical Editors Pramod Kumavat Siddhi Rane Copy Editor Roshni Banerjee About the Authors Can Bilgin currently works for Authority Partners Inc. as a program architect. He has been working in the software industry, primarily with Microsoft technologies, for over a decade and has been recognized as a Microsoft Most Valuable Professional (MVP) for his technical contributions. In this period, he played key roles in projects for high profile clients using technologies such as BizTalk, SharePoint, Dynamics CRM, Xamarin, WCF, and other web technologies. His main passion lies in mobile and IoT development using the modern toolset available for developers. He tries to share his experience on his blog (http://canbilgin.wordpress.com), social media (@can_bilgin), and through speaking engagements at both local and international conferences and community events in the Balkans region. This book is dedicated to three girls who shaped my life and still are doing so: my best friend and beloved wife, Sanja Grebovic Bilgin, our little daughter, Dilara Bilgin, and my loving mother, Turkan Bilgin. About the Reviewers Engin Polat has been involved in many large and medium-scale projects on .NET technologies as a developer, architect, and consultant, and has won many awards since 1999. Since 2008, he has been giving training to many large enterprises in Turkey about Windows development, web development, distributed application development, software architecture, mobile development, cloud development, and so on. Apart from this, he organizes seminars and events in many universities in Turkey about .NET technologies, Windows platform development, cloud development, web development, game development, and so on. He shares his experiences on his personal blog (http://www.enginpolat.com). He has MCP, MCAD, MCSD, MCDBA, and MCT certifications. In 2012, he was recognized as a Windows Platform Development MVP (Most Valuable Professional) by Microsoft. Between 2013 and 2015, he was recognized as a Nokia Developer Champion; very few people in the world are given this award. In 2015, he was recognized as the Regional Director by Microsoft. I'd like to thank my dear wife, Yeliz, and my beautiful daughter, Melis Ada, for all the support they gave me while I was working on this book project. Lance McCarthy, Microsoft MVP, is a community leader with an acute expertise for all things, such as .NET and C#, especially on the XAML stack, including WPF, Silverlight, Windows Phone, and Windows Store apps. He is very helpful online and guides and answers questions from Microsoft developers on Twitter as @lancewmccarthy. In his free time, he writes his blog at http://WinPlatform. wordpress.com, which focuses on Windows Universal apps. He organizes and hosts events in the Boston area, such as user group nights, mini-code camps, and full hackathons. During the day, he is a senior technical support engineer at Telerik where he supports developers with their Classic Windows, Universal Windows Platform, Web and Mobile application development (Xamarin, Android native, and iOS native). He is also a technical consultant for the Windows Developer social media team where he helps respond to development questions via the official@WindowsDev Twitter account. Previously, he worked for Nokia/Microsoft as a developer ambassador where he sought out and engaged developers through outreach programs and provided them with technical support and resources to make them successful on the Windows Phone and Windows 8 platforms. He was also an assistant professor at Harvard University for a short time where he helped students build, market, and publish successful Windows Phone apps. At Boston University, he was a guest professor for the Cloud computing course and would teach one class a semester. He has also appeared on podcasts, such as the Windows Developer Show, has been a technical editor for publications and books, has won several app building contests and hackathons (including the first place in the Microsoft Build 2013 hackathon), and is a published developer with over a million downloads in the Windows Store. I'd like to thank my wife Amy for her undying patience while I did "more work after I got home from work" and to Can Bilgin for the opportunity to review this. www.PacktPub.com eBooks, discount offers, and more Did you know that Packt offers eBook versions of every book published, with PDF and ePub files available? You can upgrade to the eBook version at www.PacktPub. com and as a print book customer, you are entitled to a discount on the eBook copy. Get in touch with us at [email protected] for more details. At www.PacktPub.com, you can also read a collection of free technical articles, sign up for a range of free newsletters and receive exclusive discounts and offers on Packt books and eBooks. TM https://www2.packtpub.com/books/subscription/packtlib Do you need instant solutions to your IT questions? PacktLib is Packt's online digital book library. Here, you can search, access, and read Packt's entire library of books. Why subscribe? • Fully searchable across every book published by Packt • Copy and paste, print, and bookmark content • On demand and accessible via a web browser Table of Contents Preface ix Chapter 1: Developing with Xamarin 1 Cross-platform projects with Xamarin 1 Xamarin as a platform 2 Xamarin as a product 3 Target platforms 3 Xamarin on Android 4 Xamarin on iOS 5 Windows Runtime apps 6 Setting up the development environment 6 Choosing the right development OS 7 Xamarin Studio setup and configuration 8 Visual Studio setup and configuration 10 Emulator options 13 Emulators for Android 13 iOS emulation 15 A typical Xamarin solution structure 15 Portable class libraries 16 Shared projects 18 Xamarin.Forms 20 NuGet packages 21 Components 23 Quality in cross-development 23 Reusability 23 Abstraction 23 Loose-coupling 24 Nativity 24 Summary 24 [ i ] Table of Contents Chapter 2: Memory Management 27 Application Component lifecycle 27 Activity lifecycle (Android) 27 Active/Running 28 Paused 28 Backgrounded 28 Stopped 29 Restarted 29 Application lifecycle (iOS) 29 Garbage collection 31 GC on Xamarin projects 32 SGen garbage collector 32 Boehm garbage collector (iOS only) 32 Platform-specific concepts 33 Object reference types 33 Automatic Reference Counting (ARC) 33 Troubleshooting and diagnosis 34 Xamarin Profiler 34 Allocations instrument 35 Time Profiler 35 Device Monitor (Android only) 35 Instruments (iOS only) 37 Monotouch Profiler (iOS only) 38 Patterns and best practices 39 Disposable objects 39 The lapsed listener problem 40 Weak references 45 Cross-domain objects 47 Cyclic references (cycles) 49 Summary 52 Chapter 3: Asynchronous Programming 53 Multithreading on Xamarin 53 Single thread model 54 Task-based Asynchronous Pattern 55 Concurrency model on iOS 56 Asynchronous methods 56 Continuation 57 Cancellation 57 Progress 59 Task batches 60 Parallel execution 62 [ ii ] Table of Contents Patterns and best practices 64 Async pattern conversions 65 Multi-threading with tasks 67 Exception handling 74 Initialization pattern 77 Semaphores 80 Background tasks 82 Background tasks on iOS 83 Services (Android only) 84 Summary 86 Chapter 4: Local Data Management 87 Data in mobile applications 87 State 88 App data 88 Local files 89 External data 89 Application data 89 Installation directory 90 Android 90 iOS 92 Local storage 93 Android 93 iOS 96 Temporary storage 98 Local filesystem 99 SQLite 101 Patterns and best practices 104 Application preferences 104 File picker 106 Backup/Roaming 110 Android and Backup API 110 iOS and ubiquitous storage 114 Summary 120 Chapter 5: Networking 121 Connected apps 121 Web services 122 Transport 123 Messaging 123 SOAP/XML services 124 RESTful services 129 [ iii ] Table of Contents OData and OAuth 133 OData 133 OAuth
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