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TIST UG PD-VCS-Ex 20 Dist Enviro Profile Kabale.Pdf * PART ONE * OVERVIEW OF THE KABALE DISTRICT ADMINISTRATION I. BACKGROUND OF THE DISTRICT 1.1 PREAMBLE Kabale district which used to be called Kigezi district until 1980 is located in south-western Uganda bordering Rwanda and the districts of Kisoro, Rukungiri, Ntungamo and Bushenyi. Kabale district covers a total surface area of 1,827 square kilometres, 93% of which is arable land. Its capital town Kabale, lies near 1o 15'' south latitude and 30o East longitude towards the southern boundary of Uganda with Rwanda. The districts terrain is characterised by high hills dissected by steep sided valleys. The valleys at altitudes as low as 1,200m and the high ground rises to over 2,400m at several places. These hills provide a scenic beauty and because of this and the districts water resources, hot springs and attractive forests, the district used to be loosely referred to as " the switzerland of uganda ". 1.2 HISTORY OF KABALE DISTRICT The History of Kabale as a district can be traced to as far back as 1911 when the boundaries of Uganda, Rwanda and Zaire were established with Kigezi falling into Uganda. Due to the topography of Kigezi, the british, Belgian and German colonial powers had failed to establish the boundary. Before 1911 the 3 colonial powers aimed at occupying the territory. In the year 1891, the first Europeans, Emin Pasha and Dr. Stulman entered Kigezi. These were to be followed later by captains N.cote, De courcy Ireland, Hall and Indian and Sudanese soldiers in 1909 led by Yohanna Ssebalijja. They arrived in Bufumbira (now Kisoro) at a place called Kagezi meaning "a small lake" which later became a british post. The name Kigezi later came to be applied to the whole district. In 1912, however, the post was transferred to Ikumba near Hamurwa. In 1913, the then District commissioner, G.E.E Sullivan moved the post from Ikumba to Kabale. The name Kabale means "a smallstone". It originated from apiece of iron ore that was so heavy that people used to come from far and near to see and feel its weight. The stone was eventually taken to the then protectorate headquarters at Entebbe. In 1911, the first catholic missionary, Yowana Kitagana arrived in Kigezi. He established the first mission station in Nyarushanje and later moved to Rushoroza where he built the first catholic church. In 1912 the first protestant missionary to come to Kigezi, Zakarya Balaba built the first church at Kikungiri but later moved to Rugarama where he built another church in 1913. The first mosque was built at Kigirme by the first Muslim Arab teacher in the district, Sharif Ahmad. Islam grew in the district and founded schools such as Ndorwa and Kambuga primary schools. It is estimated that by 1931 the number of Europeans in the district had increased to 33, that of the Indians to 86 and Arabs to 6 while the natives were about 226,214. Kigezi was not ruled by the indigenous people until 1929. The Bakiga used to settle in groups according to their clans each with a clan leader. In the year 1964, the "Rutakirwa Engabo ya Kigezi" ( the shield of Kigezi) was elected as the constitutional head of the District. But following the 1966 constitutional changes he vacated the position in 1968 as the constitutional head of Kigezi. As Kigezi grew plans to create new districts were underway. In 1974, Rukingiri which was part of Kigezi was made a separate district. In 1991, Kisoro also became a separate district. 1.2.1 Brief history of Kabale Municipality The whole settlement of Kabale municipal council is contained between parallel series of steep hills on either side of the Mugogo-Rwabakazi valley and is terminated at each end by the Kiruruma and Kisumbi swamps. The municipality is bisected by the river Mugogo and small tributary streams in valleys. It is 408 kilometres from Kampala city and has a total surface area of 47 square kilometres. The demarcation and extension of the boundaries of the municipality has been carried several times since its inception as a township authority in 1930. The first and perhaps more precise demarcation was considered and approved by the authority in 1932. The Municipal council started as a township authority established under the then township ordinance. The executive powers of the Township Authority's administration were vested in the Township Authority under the directions of the then protectorate Governor who appointed the district commissioner, the district medical officer and the executive engineer. The Township Authority functioned until it was declared a town board in 1958. The board in addition to its other duties had to ensure that this area grows and develops to the well being and benefit of the residents. The town board continued to function until 1962 when it was elevated to the status of a town council. The council had 10 councillors including the chairman with some ex-officio members. In 1985, Kabale town council was elevated to the status of a municipal council. 1.3 KABALE DISTRICT ADMINISTRATION Article 177 of the new constitution of the Republic of Uganda 1995, states that; subject to provisions of this constitution, for purposes of the local government, Uganda shall be divided into the districts referred to in the local clause (2) of article 5 of this constitution. The Districts of Uganda specified in this article are Arua, Bundibugyo, Kabale, Kampala, Kasese, Kibaale, Kisoro, Botido, Kumi, Mbale, Moroto, Nebbi, Pallisa, Rukungiri, Soroti, Tororo, Kabarole, Kapchorwa, Moyo, Gulu, Kitgum, Apac, Lira, Iganga, Jinja, Kamuli, Hoima, Masindi Kalangala, Kiboga, Masaka, Mpigi, Mubende, Mukono, Luwero, Rakai, Bushenyi, Mbarara and Ntungamo. 2 Article 179 Clause 4 of the Constitution of the Republic of Uganda states that any measure for the alteration of the boundaries of or the creation of districts or administrative units shall be based on the necessity for effective administration and the need to bring services closer to the people and it may take into account the means of communication, geographical features, density of population, economic viability and the wishes of the people concerned. There are five main administrative organs set up to manage and administer Kabale district. These are Kabale Municiple Council, the office of the Resident District Commissioner (RDC), the Chief Administrative Officer (CAO), the District Local Councils (DLC) and the District Development Committee (DDC). 1.3.1 The Kabale Municipal Council Kabale municipal council was incorporated by the Royal Charter dated 28th September, 1962. It is a municipal council in accordance with the provisions of section 2 (2) of the urban authorities act. Section 4 there of states that every council shall be a body corporate by the name of the municipal council with the addition of the name of the municipality having perpetual succession and power:- a) To sue and be sued in its corporate name; and b) To purchase, acquire, hold manage and dispose of movable and immovable property. And according to section 6 or the said Act, every council shall have a common seal of design approved by such council which shall be kept in custody of the Town Clerk. Section 23 of the Act provides for the appointment of a fit person as a Town Clerk who shall be the Chief Officer of the council and shall have the charge and the custody of and be responsible for all books, deeds,records and other documents of the council. The Town Clerk may, subject to the general directions of the council, exercise the powers of the council may, subject to the general directions of the council, exercise the powers of the council and all acts done by him in the exercise of such powers shall be deemed to have been done by the council. Despite the above mentioned powers, the Town Clerk may not perform the duties or exercise the powers of the Treasurer without the consent of the minister. Under Section 42 of the Urban Authorities Act, the council has powers to make bye-laws in respect of such matters as are necessary or expedient for the maintenance of health, well being and safety of the inhabitants of the municipality, for the good order and government of the municipality; or for the previous and supervision of nuisances in the municipality. According to Section 29 (1) of the Act, Kabale Municipality council is vested with the following duties and powers: a) To control, manage and administer the municipality b) To safeguard public health c) To develop, control and manage land taken on lease from any land board, including any housing estates thereon, and 3 d) To administer primary schools, Junior Secondary Schools, home craft centres and such medical and health services as the Minister may, by statutory instrument declare. It is also the duty of the Municipal council to do it that the town is not polluted or environmentally degraded. Government ministries can give expert advice on these matters. The council collects taxes from the local people and is empowered to apprehend defaulters, using its law enforcement units. 1.3.2 Office of the Resident District Commissioner (RDC) The RDC is also the District Chairperson and according to Article 183 Clause 1 of the Constitution. There shall be a district chair person who shall: a) be the political head of the district and b) be elected by universal adult suffrage through the secret ballot. Clause 2 of the same article goes on to stipulate that a person is not qualified to be elected District Chairperson unless he or she is a) qualified to be elected a member of parliament; b) At least thirty years and not more than seventy five years of age and c) a person ordinary resident in the district Clause 3 of the same article clearly states the responsibilities and duties of the District chairperson, which are: a) To preside at meetings of the Executive Committee of the district b) Monitor the general administration of the district c) Coordinate the activities of urban councils and councils of the lower administrative units in the district d) Coordinate and monitor government functions as between the district and the government and e) perform such other functions as parliament may prescribe.
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