De Ce Ubuntu? 1

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De Ce Ubuntu? 1 Alege software liber: http://alege.softwareliber.ro/ DE CE UBUNTU? 1. Cea mai populara distributie Linux. Potrivit Wikipedia, Ubuntu a depasit cifra de 100 de milioane de utilizatori in Aprilie 2009 si multi producatori de calculatoare au inceput sa vanda sisteme cu Ubuntu preinstalat. 2.2. Documentatie Este foarte usor de gasit manuale de utilizare si tutoriale despre Ubuntu. Puteti accesa pagina oficiala din Romania http://ubuntu.ro/ sau forumul http://forum.ubuntu.ro/ pentru orice intrebare legata de acest sistem de operare. Nu va trebui sa asteptati prea mult pentru un raspuns eficient. 3. Stabilitate Uita de ecranele albastre aparute din senin, de memorie RAM incarcata fara sa stiti cu ce si fara blocari si restart-uri pentru a putea continua sa lucrati. 4. Sigur Aplicatiile in sursa deschisa sunt mult mai sigure decat aplicatiile in sursa inchisa din multe motive. Mult mai multi oameni pot sa detecteze si sa rezolve bug-urile care apar, fara a fi nevoie sa asteptam ca producatorul aplicatiei sa rezolve aceste lucruri. 5. Ofera suport comercial Ubuntu ofera un foarte bun suport comercial in intreaga lume, fie ca vorbim despre editiile Desktop sau Server, oricine poate avea acces la acest centru. 6. Mai rapid Nu este nevoie ca sa fie reinstalat odata la nu stiu cat timp pentru asigurarea performantelor maxime, deoarece in Ubuntu nu exista binecunoscuta expresie “registry”. Nu exista fisiere DLL, precum nu exista nici virusi, astfel foloseste mult mai putine resurse hardware. 7. Mai mult spatiu pe disk Atata timp cat Linux foloseste mult mai putin spatiu pe disk decat Windows, ofera mai mult suport hardware si cu multe aplicatii preinstalate (LibreOffice, Firefox ... etc.) 8. Nu exista registrii In Ubuntu nu avem de a face cu registrii, o ciudatenie care expune sistemul la riscuri iar amestecatura facuta de programele instalate formeaza un SPOF. 10. Multe programe gratuite (LibreOffice, audio si video software editor ... ) toate doar la un click distanta; 11. Eficient in gestionarea bateriei Ubuntu se arata a fi foarte eficient in gestionarea energiei bateriei, dara este corect configurat. 12. Depozite de pachet Ubuntu, fiind “copilul” distributiei Debian, a mostenit sistemul de pachete. APT ruleaza la fel cu intreg sistemul pentru fi la zi cu toate update-urile si pentru a oferi o gama larga de aplicatii care pot fi instalate imediat. Mai mult, lucrurile au devenit mult mai usoare cand a fost dezvoltata o aplicatie pentru a usura lucrule cu Synaptic. Centrul Software ofera acces instantaneu la sute de aplicatii libere si gratuite. Doar alegeti aplicatia care doriti sa o folositi si Centrul Software o va downloada si instala automat. 13. Instalare rapida si usoara Instalarea Ubuntu este mult mai rapida si cu mai putine click-uri decat alte sisteme de operare. Linux Ubuntu recunoaste sistemele de operare deja existente pe HDD si chiar afiseaza un mesaj catre utilizator pentru a importa date sau setari din alte sisteme de operare care au fost detectate in timpul instalarii 14. Suport hardware automat Ubuntu ofera un mai bun suport hardware decat Windows si Mac si foloseste mai putine resurse decat Windows si Mac. Acest lucru a facut posibil ca pe CD-ul de instalare sa fie incluse toate aplicatiile necesare unui utilzator obisnuit. Astfel dupa ce instalarea Ubuntu a luat sfarsit nu mai aveti nevoie sa instalati alte aplicatii pentru o buna functionare a sistemului de operare. 15. Ext4 – Un sistem de fisiere modern * Prealocare persistenta – dsacăă o aplicaţţie trebuie săă aloce spaţţiu pe disc î î nainte săă-l foloseascăă, cele mai multe sisteme de fişşiere fac acest lucru prin scrierea de zerouri î î n spaţţiuliul î î ncncăă nefolosit. Ext4 permite prealocarea f ăărrăă a fi nevoie de efectuarea operaţţiei amintite, lucru care duce la î î mbunăăttăţăţirea performanţţelor bazelor de date şşi uneltelor multimedia. * Alocare cu intarziere – ext4 poate amââna pâânnăă î î n ultimul moment alocarea spaţţiului de pe disc, ceea ce î î mbunăăttăţăţeeşşte performanţţele. * Mai multe subdirectoare – î î n ext3 eram constrâânnşşi de faptul căă un director putea conţţine doar 32 000 de subdirectoare, pe câândnd î î n ext4 nu existăă nici o limităă î î n acest sens. 16. Depozite de pachet Ubuntu, fiind “copilul” distributiei Debian, a mostenit sistemul de pachete. APT ruleaza la fel cu intreg sistemul pentru fi la zi cu toate update-urile si pentru a oferi o gama larga de aplicatii care pot fi instalate imediat. Mai mult, lucrurile au devenit mult mai usoare cand a fost dezvoltata o aplicatie pentru a usura lucrule cu Synaptic. Centrul Software ofera acces instantaneu la sute de aplicatii libere si gratuite. Doar alegeti aplicatia care doriti sa o folositi si Centrul Software o va downloada si instala automat. 17. Cu Wine puteti rula aplicatii Windows pe Linux Una din problemele principale pentru care utilizatorii de windows nu pot sa isi mute toata activitatea pe Linux este faptul ca fie s-au familiarizat cu anumite programe, fie acele programe nu au echivalent in Linux (lucru mai rar) sau nu se pot juca. Ei bine, Wine este un emulator care poate sa ruleze aplicatii Windows in Linux fara a avea un impact asupra performantelor, cum il are virtualizarea. 18. Versiuni noi, updateuri noi, nici o problema Windows este foarte cunoscut pentru tonele de update-uri nefolositoare care incarca spatiul pe hard disk fara rost. In Ubuntu update-urile sunt downloadate si instalate doar cu permisiunea utilizatorului. 19. Incercati fara instalare Ubuntu poate fi rulat de pe CD sau memorie flash, fara a fi instalat si fara a face vreo modificare in calculator, aceasta caracteristica oferind posibilitatea de a folosi calculatoare publice unde userii au drepturi limitate sau pentru proceduri de depanare a sistemelor pe care ruleaza Ubuntu. 20. Sursa deschisa Expresia “open source” (sursa deschisa) este asociata cu aplicatiile gratuite, dar nu este o regula. Exista si aplicatii scrise in sursa deschisa pe care trebuie sa platiti licenta. Linux Ubuntu este in sursa deschisa si gratuit. 21. Lansari regulate a noilor versiuni 22. Compatibilitate hardware 23. Server Echipa Ubuntu pune la dispozitie si o editie server cu care puteti dezvolta o infrastructura compusa din servere si PC-uri care au la baza un singur sistem: UBUNTU. 24. Efecte 3D Interfata grafica Ubuntu va fi mai atractiva daca activati efectele grafice din cadrul Compiz Fusio Una dintre caracteristicile care fac ca Ubuntu sa fie un sistem de operare apreciat este compatibilitatea hardware. In ziua de astazi, Linux are mai multe compatibilitati hardware decat Windows si Mac. 25. Ubuntu One: 5GB spatiu online de stocare Tehnologia integrata “Ubuntu One” va ofera gratuit 2GB spatiu online pentru stocare si posibilitatea de a partaja cu usurinta fisere cu calculatoarele prietenilor. Daca aveti nevoie de mai mult spatiu acesta poate fi obtinut la un pret mic. 26. Peste 400 de jocuri complet gratuite si foarte interesante pot fi descarcate prin intermediul Centrului Software. 27. Email si chat; Povesteste cu colegii si prietenii prin intermediul programului Empathy sau Pidgin care integreaza: Yahoo, Gmail, MSN, Jabber, AOL, QQ si multe altele. Evolution va ofera acces la email, o agena si un calendar si functioneaza foarte bine cu cei care folosesc MS Outlook si totodata cunoscutul Thunderbird de la Mozila. 28. Inveti odata pentru totdeauna Ubuntu nu isi schimba interfata, doar vine cu unele retusuri, astfel incat utilizatorul nu trebuie sa invete o interfata noua la aparitia unei noi versiuni Ubuntu. 29. Accesibilitate La baza filozofiei Ubuntu sta convingerea ca oricine trebuie sa aibăă acces la calculatoare, indiferent de circumstante. Ubuntu este unul dintre cele mai accesibile sisteme de operare si este tradus in 29 de limbi. http://www.ubuntu.com/support/community/locallanguage.. 30. si sa nu uitam in ultimul: putem sta linistiti de tot cea ce inseamna ACTA, SOPA sau mai stiu eu ce. Aici aveti inca o lista de 40 de avantaje pentru folosirea Ubuntu: http://proiectromania.wordpress.com/2010/12/24/40-de-motive-pentru-care-am-ales-ubuntu-40-de-motive- pentru-care-ubuntu-inlocuieste-mai-mult-decat-perfect-windows-ul/ LAMP/Linux/Ce e Linux ? Istorie Unix Pentru a intelege mai bine popularitatea sistemului de operare Linux, trebuie sa ne intoarcem in timp, prin 1970. Pe langa faptul ca odata cu intoarcerea in timp suntem nevoiti sa ne imaginam si calculatoare mari, cum erau pe vremuri, de ocupau pana si un stadion, dar mai rau, fiecare calculator avea sistemul lui de operare. Deasupra la toate, software-ul existent, deservea unui singur scop anume, ceea ce insemna ca un program ce merge pe un calculator, e posibil sa nu mearga pe celalalt. In 1969 o echipa de la Bell Labs a inceput sa lucreze la o solutie pentru aceste probleme. Solutia lor a venit sub forma a ceea ce noi numim astazi "UNIX". Avantajul principal al UNIX, pe langa faptul ca era scris in C, era acela ca dispunea de un cod reutilizabil, ce avea sa se numeasca kernel, cod ce putea fi adaptat usor pe orice tip de masina. Faptul ca se putea "recicla" codul, s-a dovedit un lucru foarte important si folositor, mai ales ca in zilele actuale, chiar si Mac/alte sisteme Linux se bazeaza in special pe Unix. Linus Torvalds, un student la universitatea din Helsinki a considerat ca ar fi o buna idee sa existe o idee gratuita, academica versiune pentru Unix astfel ca a inceput prompt sa codeze. In 1991, avem prima inregistrare a unei conversatii de-a lui Linus, ce dateaza din 1991 : From: [email protected] (Linus Benedict Torvalds) Newsgroups: comp.os.mini !u"#ect: $cc%&.' and a posi%uestion *essage%I+: ,&--&ul/.&[email protected] +ate: / ul -& &::0 $*T Hello netlanders4 +ue to a pro#ect I5m working on (in mini)4 I5m interested in t6e posi standard de7inition.
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