DOCSLIB.ORG

Dynamics of Chinook Salmon Populations Within Idaho's Frank

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Dynamics of Chinook Salmon Populations Within Idaho's Frank Dynamics of Chinook Salmon Populations Within Idaho’s Frank Church Wilderness: Implications for Persistence Russell F. Thurow Abstract—Research was begun in 1995 to describe factors influ- Since European settlement of the Snake and Columbia encing the spatial dynamics and persistence of federally listed river basins, a plethora of factors have contributed to de- chinook salmon within the Frank Church River of No Return clines in the distribution and abundance of chinook salmon. Wilderness. Results addressed two objectives: 1) description of These include blocked access to historical habitat, passage chinook salmon redd distributions, and 2) comparison of index and mortality at dams and obstructions, freshwater and estuar- total redd counts. Annual redd counts ranged from 20 to 661, and ies habitat degradation, overharvest, and interactions with 99% of redds were constructed in tributaries. Redds were observed hatchery-reared and nonnative fishes. Thurow and others at elevations between 1,140 and 2,070 m, with a majority (56%) (2000) reported that stream-type chinook salmon have >1,900 m. The distribution of redds deviated from a random pattern been extirpated from more than 70% of their potential and fluctuated with adult salmon numbers. At lower adult escape- historical range, and strong populations remain in 1.2% of ments, redds were clustered in specific areas of a few watersheds. At the current range in portions of the Columbia River and higher escapements, fish constructed additional redds near previ- Klamath River basins east of the Cascade Crest. An esti- ous clusters and also outside of clusters and in watersheds that were mated 12,452 km of potential historical habitat have previously not utilized. Index area counts averaged 63% of total been blocked and are no longer accessible to anadromous counts. fish in the Snake and Columbia river basins (Northwest Power Planning Council 1986). Nehlsen and others (1991) identified habitat loss or degradation as a major problem for 90% of the 195 at-risk salmon and steelhead stocks they The Columbia and Snake River basins historically sup- identified. ported large runs of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus Although a variety of factors over many decades have tshawytscha). Estimates of annual chinook salmon returns influenced declines in Snake River anadromous fish, con- to the Columbia River prior to 1850 ranged to 6.4 million fish struction and operation of mainstem dams is considered the (Northwest Power Planning Council 1986). Despite several proximate cause of recent declines (Columbia Basin Fish decades of habitat alteration and commercial harvest by the and Wildlife Authority 1990). Smolt-to-adult return rates late 1880s, an estimated 1.5 million chinook salmon re- declined from more than 4% in 1968 (Raymond 1979) to less turned annually to the Snake River in that decade (Bevan than 0.5% in the 1990s (Marmorek and others 1998). As a and others 1994). Many native Americans depended on result of low flows in the migration corridor in 1973 and salmon as a subsistence and ceremonial resource (North- 1977, 95% of migrating smolts never reaching the ocean west Power Planning Council 1986). Since European (Raymond 1979). The influence of passage mortality was settlement, salmon and other anadromous species have further illustrated by Huntington and others (1996) and continued to influence social and economic systems (Thurow Lee and others (1997), who reported that no healthy or and others 2000). strong populations of anadromous fish were found in the Today, chinook salmon and other anadromous fishes central Idaho wilderness, even though it contains some of native to the Snake River are imperiled. All Snake River the Pacific Northwest’s highest quality spawning and rear- anadromous salmonids, including stream-type (spring and ing habitat. summer), and ocean-type (fall) chinook salmon, steelhead In response to declining populations and ESA require- (O. mykiss), and sockeye salmon (O. nerka), are listed as ments, agencies have adopted policies that attempt to con- threatened or endangered under the Endangered Species serve and restore remaining chinook salmon populations. Act of 1973 (ESA). Coho salmon (O. kisutch) have been These have included measures to maintain genetic integrity extirpated from the Snake River (Lee and others 1997). of remaining wild stocks, reduce passage mortality by im- Pacific lamprey (Lampetra tridentata) have declined dra- proving conditions in the migration corridor, reduce the matically. Harrison (1995) reported that in the 1960s nearly effects of exotics, restrict sport and commercial harvest, and 50,000 lamprey were counted at Ice Harbor Dam; less than adopt measures to conserve or restore remaining critical 400 were counted in 1994. habitat. The conventional approach to managing critical habitat focused on conserving or restoring the quality of In: McCool, Stephen F.; Cole, David N.; Borrie, William T.; O’Loughlin, remaining habitats–that is, conserving and restoring those Jennifer, comps. 2000. Wilderness science in a time of change conference— habitats considered necessary for chinook salmon to com- Volume 3: Wilderness as a place for scientific inquiry; 1999 May 23–27; plete their complex life cycle from an incubating egg to a Missoula, MT. Proceedings RMRS-P-15-VOL-3. Ogden, UT: U.S. Depart- ment of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. mature fish depositing eggs in natal spawning areas. Russell F. Thurow is a Fisheries Research Biologist, U.S. Department of While conservation of the quality of critical habitats is Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 316 E. essential, there is growing concern that the size and spacing Myrtle, Boise, Idaho 83702 U.S.A., e-mail: [email protected] USDA Forest Service Proceedings RMRS-P-15-VOL-3. 2000 143 of habitats also needs to be considered (Krohn 1992). Simberloff (1988) suggested that effective conservation may require maintaining or restoring a critical amount or mosaic of habitat, as well as habitat of certain quality. Recent papers support the hypothesis that conservation of declining salmonid stocks may require attention to spatial concepts (Frissell and others 1993; Rieman and McIntyre 1993). In an empirical study of larger scale processes, Rieman and McIntyre (1995) reported that habitat area influenced the distribution of disjunct populations of bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) and suggested that larger-scale spatial pro- cesses may be important to salmonid persistence. The relevance of these concepts to declining populations of chinook salmon is unknown. In 1995, scientists at the Rocky Mountain Research Sta- tion initiated research to describe factors influencing the spatial dynamics of declining populations of chinook salmon. The central hypothesis states that habitat area, habitat quality, or habitat context (location in relation to other populations) influences the occurrence of spawning chinook salmon. If the hypothesis is true, recolonization and per- sistence of chinook salmon populations may be strongly influenced by the spatial geometry of remaining habitats. The hypothesis is being tested by describing the distribution of chinook salmon redds and potential spawning areas in a large, relatively undisturbed wilderness basin. Although a suite of objectives are being addressed, this paper reports results addressing two objectives: 1) describe the temporal and spatial distribution of chinook salmon redds and 2) com- pare index and non-index area redd counts. This research represents the first comprehensive survey of redds in the study area and provides information on the temporal and spatial dynamics of chinook salmon in a large wilderness watershed. In addition to addressing larger scale spatial questions about persistence, this research provides an estimate of the total number of redds constructed in the study area, enabling managers to estimate total adult Figure 1—Potential chinook salmon spawning tributaries in the Middle escapement. Fork Salmon River drainage, Idaho. Study Area _____________________ The Middle Fork Salmon River (MFSR), a National Wild the largest in the National Forest system. The Gospel Hump 2 and Scenic River, drains about 7,330 km of a remote area of and Selway-Bitterroot wilderness area border the FC- central Idaho. For most of its length, the river flows RONRW and together comprise nearly 1.6 million hectares through the Frank Church River of No Return Wilderness (US Forest Service 1998). In 1984, the current name was (FC-RONRW). The MFSR drainage provides critical habitat adopted in honor of the late Senator Frank Church’s efforts for six ESA listed species: bald eagle (Haliaeetus to secure wilderness designation. leucocephalus), peregrine falcon (Falco peregrines), grey Elevations range from >3,150 m in adjacent mountains to wolf (Canis lupus), chinook salmon, steelhead, and bull 1,550 m at the rivers’ confluence. The topography has high trout. From its origin at the confluence of Bear Valley and relief. The geology of the area is highly variable and domi- Marsh Creeks, the MFSR flows north-northwest for 171 km nated by Challis Volcanics (Eocene age) and intrusions of through the Salmon River mountains and joins the Salmon the Casto Pluton phase (Tertiary age) of the Idaho Batholith River 92 km downstream from Salmon, Idaho (fig. 1). Twelve (Minshall and others 1981). The climate is semiarid, with major streams and hundreds of smaller ones are tributary to most precipitation falling as snow. Climate varies markedly the river. Human access in the lower 156 km of the main with elevation; precipitation ranges from 38-50 cm in lower river and most tributaries is limited to a few airstrips, float valleys to 76-100 cm at higher elevations (Minshall and craft, or by trail. From 1930-1980, a majority of the region others 1981). Maximum daily air temperatures range from was managed in “Primitive Area” status (US Forest Service -30 to >33 °C. Vegetation also varies by elevation, with 1998). In 1980, the Central Idaho Wilderness Act estab- sagebrush (Artemsia sp), grasses and shrubs common in lished the 906,136 hectare wilderness that remains the lower elevations and on south-facing slopes.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Riggins & Salmon River Canyon
    RRiiggggiinnss && SSaallmmoonn RRiivveerr CCaannyyoonn EEccoonnoommiicc DDeevveellooppmmeenntt SSttrraatteeggyy (FINAL DRAFT) Prepared for the City of Riggins February 2006 by James A. Birdsall & Associates The Hingston Roach Group, Inc. Bootstrap Solutions FINAL DRAFT [Inside cover.] RIGGINS AREA ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY FEBRUARY 2006 FINAL DRAFT CONTENTS 1. Introduction......................................................................................1 Planning Process and Project Phases ..............................................................1 Riggins History and Assets. ..............................................................................2 2. Socio-Economic Trends....................................................................4 Population. ..........................................................................................................4 Age Composition................................................................................................5 Education & Enrollment...................................................................................5 Industry Trends..................................................................................................6 Employment, Wages & Income.......................................................................7 Business Inventory.............................................................................................9 Retail Trends.......................................................................................................9 Tourism
    [Show full text]
  • Instream Flow Characterization of Upper Salmon River Basin Streams, Central Idaho, 2004
    Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation Instream Flow Characterization of Upper Salmon River Basin Streams, Central Idaho, 2004 Ellis River Challis Fork Salmon Yankee Squaw T h o m Valley p s o n Creek Creek Creek Creek Elk Salmon River Stanley Iron Creek Salmon River Redfish Lake Obsidian July Salmon of Creek Fourth Champion Creek River Alturas Fork Lake Pole Creek Creek East Creek Beaver Smiley Scientific Investigations Report 2005–5212 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Instream Flow Characterization of Upper Salmon River Basin Streams, Central Idaho, 2004 By Terry R. Maret, Jon E. Hortness, and Douglas S. Ott Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5212 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior Gale A. Norton, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey P. Patrick Leahy, Acting Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2005 For sale by U.S. Geological Survey, Information Services Box 25286, Denver Federal Center Denver, CO 80225 For more information about the USGS and its products: Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov/ Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted materials contained within this report. Suggested citation: Maret, T.R., Hortness, J.E., and Ott, D.S., 2005, Instream flow characterization of upper Salmon River Basin streams, Central Idaho, 2004: U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Salmon Subbasin Management Plan May 2004
    Salmon Subbasin Management Plan May 2004 Coeur d'Alene #S LEWIS WASHINGTON #SMoscow MONTANA NEZ Lewiston #S #S PERCE #S #S OREGON Boise Sun Valley # #S #S Grangeville #S Idaho Falls WYOMING S IDAHO #S a #S Pocatello l m Twin Falls o IDAHO n R i v e r r e v # i . Dixie R k F Salmon River n . Riggins o # N Towns # m l n a erlai S Counties r mb e ha Sa C lmon R v ek iver i re Major streams R C d i p Watershed (HUC) boundaries a L i Salmon R t t r l # e e Big LEMHI . v Cre S i e k k r e a F R k v New l . e i m n e S o r R L o m C e n l r n o m a Meadows R e # S h h t m i l v i n a e a R ADAMS r S P i VALLEY v # e Mid Fk r Yellow Lodge # Pine r e # iv R P n a Leadore o hs lm im a Challis e S ro k # i F R i id ve M r iver on R Stanley Salm # S r a e l v m i R o n n o R lm iv e a S r . k F . E CUSTER 100 1020304050Miles Galena # BLAINE Compiled by IDFG, CDC, 2001 Written by Ecovista Contracted by Nez Perce Tribe Watershed Division and Shoshone-Bannock Tribes Table of Contents 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................6 1.1 Contract Entities and Plan Participants.............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • 2015 Idaho Wolf Monitoring Progress Report
    2015 IDAHO WOLF MONITORING PROGRESS REPORT Photo by IDFG Prepared By: Jason Husseman, Idaho Department of Fish and Game Jennifer Struthers, Idaho Department of Fish and Game Edited By: Jim Hayden, Idaho Department of Fish and Game March 2016 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY At the end of 2015, Idaho’s wolf population remained well-distributed and well above population minimums required under Idaho’s 2002 Wolf Conservation and Management Plan. Wolves range in Idaho from the Canadian border south to the Snake River Plain, and from the Washington and Oregon borders east to the Montana and Wyoming borders. Dispersing wolves are reported in previously unoccupied areas. The year-end population for documented packs, other documented groups not qualifying as packs and lone wolves was estimated at 786 wolves. Biologists documented 108 packs within the state at the end of 2015. In addition, there were 20 documented border packs counted by Montana, Wyoming, and Washington that had established territories overlapping the Idaho state boundary. Additional packs are suspected but not included due to lack of documentation. Mean pack size was 6.4 wolves, nearly identical to the 2014 average of 6.5. Reproduction (production of at least 1 pup) was documented in 69 packs, representing the minimum number of reproductive packs extant in the state. Determination of breeding pair status was made for 53 packs at year’s end. Of these, 33 packs (62%) met breeding pair criteria, and 20 packs did not. No determination of breeding pair status was made for the remaining 55 packs. Mortalities of 358 wolves were documented in Idaho in 2015, and remained essentially unchanged from 2014 (n = 360).
    [Show full text]
  • A Geological Reconnaissance Between
    Pamphlet No. 74 November 1945 STATE OF IDAHO Charles C. Gossett,· Governor IDAHO BUREAU OF MINES AND GEOLOGY , A. w. Fahrenwald, Director . A· GEOLOGICAL RECONNAISSANCE BETWEEN·· THE slm· AID SALMON RIVERS NOBTI. OF BIGGIIS, mAIO By Warren R. Wagner University of Idaho Moscow, Idaho TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Introduction .................................................................................... ~................................................................................................................. 1 ~~S:p~~ .. ~.:~~~.. ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ~ Acknowledgement ............................... ,.. ~ ........ ~ ..................................................•.. ~ .......... :.................................................................... 1 Geography and· physiography ..................................................................................................................................................................... l' Location ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1 Surface features ........... :..................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Climate ................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Salmon – Selway Landscape Initiative
    Salmon – Selway Landscape Initiative (Morgan Ranch & Pardoe Rodeo Grounds Ranch) IDAHO Salmon-Challis & Sawtooth National Congressional Districts: 01, 02 Valley & Custer Counties Forests Members: Labrador, Simpson Location Central Idaho, northwest of Stanley Acquired to Date Method Acres Cost ($) Purpose To conserve and enhance ecological integrity, Purchase 23,201 $67,209,5010 wetlands, watershed, scenic, pastoral and fish Exchange 0 $0 and wildlife values within the Frank Church River Donation 50 $0 of No Return (FCRONR) Wilderness, the Main Other 250 $5,000,000 and Middle Fork Salmon River Wild and Scenic Partners 0 $0 (MFW&S) River Corridors, and the Sawtooth National Recreation Area (SNRA) through the President’s Budget FY2012 acquisition of a combination of fee title and Method Acres Cost ($) conservation easements. Purchase 239 $3,500,000 Pending Future Request Purchase Owners of the Morgan Ranch wish to sell a Method Acres Cost ($) Opportunities conservation easement on half of their property Purchase 1,322 $26,470,000 and a fee simple interest on the remainder. Owners of the Rodeo Grounds Ranch wish to sell a conservation easement on their entire property. The Trust for Public Land (TPL) maintains exclusive option rights from both owners. Trust for Public Land Partners TPL, the Sawtooth Society, the Nature Conservancy, and the Wood River Land Trust Cooperators Project The Morgan Ranch inholding lies within the FCRONR Wilderness on Sulphur Creek, just Description upstream from its confluence with the Middle Fork of the Salmon, which was protected by Congress as one of America’s first Wild and Scenic Rivers in 1968. Along its 18-mile length, Sulphur Creek provides significant spawning and rearing habitat for Chinook salmon, steelhead trout and bull trout – all listed as “threatened” under the Endangered Species Act (ESA).
    [Show full text]
  • Snake River Flow Augmentation Impact Analysis Appendix
    SNAKE RIVER FLOW AUGMENTATION IMPACT ANALYSIS APPENDIX Prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Walla Walla District’s Lower Snake River Juvenile Salmon Migration Feasibility Study and Environmental Impact Statement United States Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation Pacific Northwest Region Boise, Idaho February 1999 Acronyms and Abbreviations (Includes some common acronyms and abbreviations that may not appear in this document) 1427i A scenario in this analysis that provides up to 1,427,000 acre-feet of flow augmentation with large drawdown of Reclamation reservoirs. 1427r A scenario in this analysis that provides up to 1,427,000 acre-feet of flow augmentation with reservoir elevations maintained near current levels. BA Biological assessment BEA Bureau of Economic Analysis (U.S. Department of Commerce) BETTER Box Exchange Transport Temperature Ecology Reservoir (a water quality model) BIA Bureau of Indian Affairs BID Burley Irrigation District BIOP Biological opinion BLM Bureau of Land Management B.P. Before present BPA Bonneville Power Administration CES Conservation Extension Service cfs Cubic feet per second Corps U.S. Army Corps of Engineers CRFMP Columbia River Fish Mitigation Program CRP Conservation Reserve Program CVPIA Central Valley Project Improvement Act CWA Clean Water Act DO Dissolved Oxygen Acronyms and Abbreviations (Includes some common acronyms and abbreviations that may not appear in this document) DREW Drawdown Regional Economic Workgroup DDT Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane EIS Environmental Impact Statement EP Effective Precipitation EPA Environmental Protection Agency ESA Endangered Species Act ETAW Evapotranspiration of Applied Water FCRPS Federal Columbia River Power System FERC Federal Energy Regulatory Commission FIRE Finance, investment, and real estate HCNRA Hells Canyon National Recreation Area HUC Hydrologic unit code I.C.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 2 Background and Direction for Management
    Chapter 2 Background and Direction for Management CHAPTER 2 Background and Direction for Management by Administrative and Resource Topic I. Introduction In order to describe the environment within the FC-RONRW, it is beneficial to consider the area by administrative and resource topic. These topics are addressed in alphabetical order in this chapter. Each resource discussion will include a brief description of the Background and Desired Future Condition (DFC) for the resource. Goals for the resource, the Objectives to be met, the Standards that will provide sideboards for management, and the Guidelines that provide useful management advice for operations in the wilderness, are provided. For each resource, Standards and Guidelines are presented under the same sub­ heading, and are distinguished by an (S), which indicates a Standard, or a (G), which indicates a Guideline. Monitoring Indicators by resource are identified where needed, and then summarized in Chapter 3 Monitoring. II. Wilderness Desired Future Condition The purpose of wilderness is “…to insure that an increasing population, accompanied by expanding settlement and growing mechanization, does not occupy and modify all areas within the United States and its possessions, leaving no lands designated for preservation and protection in their natural condition…” (Sec. 2.(a), The Wilderness Act of 1964). It is “…devoted to the public purposes of recreational, scenic, scientific, educational, conservation and historical use.” (Sec. 4.(b), The Wilderness Act of 1964). Wilderness areas
    [Show full text]
  • The Epic Idaho Roadtrip
    THE EPIC IDAHO ROADTRIP As the 14th largest state in the country, it will take more than a long weekend to explore Idaho from top to bottom. The Epic Idaho Road Trip was created as a way to highlight the beautiful scenic byways, vast landscapes, and all the fun adventures, food, and history that Idaho has to offer. This 10-day route includes time to stop and enjoy attractions and activities each day before heading out to your next destination. Total mileage and estimated drive time are notated on each map for planning purposes. The Epic Idaho Road Trip can be easily tailored to fit your specific travel style and interests. Stay an extra day or two in a place you really love. Tackle more adventures from the “Activities to Explore” listing in each section. Or just follow the scenic byways and let the beauty of Idaho speak for itself. Whatever you choose, Idaho is sure to surprise and delight with every curve of the road. visitidaho.org | P29 CANADA Bonners Ferry Sandpoint Coeur d’Alene White Pine Wallace Scenic Byway WA MT Moscow Lewiston Northwest Passage Scenic Byway Grangeville Salmon New McCall Meadows Payette River Scenic Byway Sacajawea Scenic Byway Ponderosa Pine Scenic Byway Rexburg Peaks to Craters WY Scenic Byway Stanley Salmon River Scenic Byway Victor Banks Wildlife Canyon Scenic Byway Idaho Sun Valley Falls Boise OR Sawtooth Scenic Byway Pocatello Twin Falls NV UT visitidaho.org | P30 EPIC THE EPIC IDAHO ROAD TRIP Total Drive Time: 35 Hours 20 Minutes Total Mileage: 1,763 Highway 75 Best Time to Travel: June-September Good For: We go big in Idaho: North America’s + Young Free Spirits deepest gorge, millions of acres of + Adventure Seekers wildlands, jagged peaks, world-class trout streams, and hundreds of alpine lakes.
    [Show full text]
  • Shrub-Steppe Vegetation Trend, Middle Fork Salmon River, Idaho
    Shrub-Steppe Vegetation Trend, Middle Fork Salmon River, Idaho James M. Peek Abstract—The Middle Fork Salmon River drainage of the Frank A series of exclosures were established in the FCRNRW in Church River-Of-No-Return Wilderness has a history of livetock the late 1940s and early 1950s to assist in determining the grazing from 1890 to1950, and changes in grazing pressure from effects of grazing by livestock and wildlife (mainly mule native ungulates. High mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) popula- deer, Odocoileus hemionus) on vegetation. These exclosures tions occurred between 1940 and 1960, and high elk (Cervus elaphus) were examined at intervals through the 1960s and then populations occurred in the 1990s. This paper describes the shrub- largely abandoned. Some of the fences were removed, while steppe communities inside and adjacent to exclosures in the Middle others were left intact. Fork. Also presented is the current vegetative appearance at sites Examinations of exclosure sites at Hood Ranch, Little photographed in 1925, 1968, and 1988. Comparisons of plant species Loon Creek, Cow Creek, Brush Creek, Reservoir Creek, and composition and characteristics, plus knowledge of grazing history, Cave Creek in the Middle Fork of the Salmon River drainage provide a basis for interpreting vegetation change and relationships were completed between June 1988 and July 1992 (figure 1). to herbivore populations. The descriptions provide comparisons of vegetative compo- sition inside and outside of exclosures that were established to exclude livestock and big game at least 30 years ago. Additionally, sites that were photographed in 1925, 1968, The Frank Church River-of-No-Return Wilderness has an and 1988 in Brush Creek and across from Reservoir Creek extensive history of grazing along the Middle Fork of the provided some comparisons of shrub cover through time.
    [Show full text]
  • Salmon River Management Plan, Idaho
    Bitterroot, Boise, Nez Perce, Payette, and Salmon-Challis National Forests Record of Decision Final Environmental Impact Statement for the Frank Church – River of No Return Wilderness Revised Wilderness Management Plan and Amendments for Land and Resource Management Plans Bitterroot, Boise, Nez Perce, Payette, and Salmon-Challis NFs Located In: Custer, Idaho, Lemhi, and Valley Counties, Idaho Responsible Agency: USDA - Forest Service Responsible David T. Bull, Forest Supervisor, Bitterroot NF Officials: Bruce E. Bernhardt, Forest Supervisor, Nez Perce NF Mark J. Madrid, Forest Supervisor, Payette NF Lesley W. Thompson, Acting Forest Supervisor, Salmon- Challis NF The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, or marital and family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Person with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten Building, 1400 Independence Ave., SW, Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or call (202) 720-5964 (voice and TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. ROD--II Table of Contents PREFACE ...............................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Middle Fork Salmon River 5 OR 6 DAY EXPEDITION Middle Fork Salmon River 5 OR 6 DAY EXPEDITION
    Middle Fork Salmon River 5 OR 6 DAY EXPEDITION Middle Fork Salmon River 5 OR 6 DAY EXPEDITION What to Expect ☞ Day-by-Day Itinerary ☞ Typical Day ☞ Learn About the Rafts ☞ Camping on the River ☞ Physical Requirements Get Ready! ☞ Packing List ☞ Packing Tips ☞ Pre-Trip Travel Information ☞ Payment & Cancellation Western River Expeditions HOURS: Mon-Fri 7:00am—6:00pm MST TOLL-FREE: 800-453-7450 2 7258 Racquet Club Drive EMAIL: [email protected] LOCAL: 801-942-6669 Salt Lake City, Utah 84121 ONLINE: www.westernriver.com FAX: 801–942–8514 MIDDLE FORK SALMON RIVER 5 OR 6 DAY EXPEDITION Middle Fork Salmon River 5 OR 6 DAY EXPEDITION Among river runners, the Middle Fork of the Salmon River is a legend. One-hundred miles of pure, clear, free-flowing river drop 3000 feet through the remote and spectacular River of No Return Wilderness, the largest roadless Wilderness in the lower 48 states. Natural and untamed, the Middle Fork of the Salmon River has shaped its course through a land so rugged that any attempts at settlement have failed. Little remains of man’s brief presence other than prehistoric cave paintings and dilapidated log cabins dotting this land in Idaho. A Middle Fork Salmon River rafting trip draws visitors from around the globe to experience over 100 Idaho whitewater rafting rapids, fish clear alpine waters, relax in natural hot springs, hike to magnificent waterfalls, and camp in mountain meadows. Day-by-Day Itinerary DAY ONE » In the early season (June - July 22), a two-hour bus ride from Stanley, ID to Boundary Creek begins your trip into the Idaho wilderness.
    [Show full text]