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Download the Whole Edition Here Volume 19 Number 4 October 2011 Journal of Military and Veterans’ Health Tropical Diseases Musculoskeletal Injury The Journal of the Australian Military Medicine Association Table of Contents Editorial Inside this edition ................................................................................................................................................... 3 President’s message ................................................................................................................................................ 3 Epidemiology and prevention of tropical diseases of military importance: a special issue ..................... 4 Letter to the Editor In response: PTSD Article JMVH October 2010 ............................................................................................... 6 Original Article Review of physiotherapy records to characterise musculoskeletal injury in Australian soldiers in the 16th Air Defence Regiment .............................................................................................................................................. 7 Review Articles The ability of seasonal and pandemic influenza to disrupt military operations ........................................... 14 DDT and Silent Spring: Fifty Years After ......................................................................................................... 20 Rickettsial Diseases of Military Importance: An Australian Perspective ....................................................... 26 Book Review Therapeutic guidelines: Rheumatology*............................................................................................................ 32 Toxicology Handbook............................................................................................................................................ 34 South Australian Defence and Veteran Research Paper Day ................................................ 36 Cover photo: xxx Volume 19 Number 4; October 2011 Page 1 Journal of Military and Veterans’ Health EDITORIAL BOARD INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE Dr Andrew Robertson (Editor in Chief) Mohd Zin bin Bidin, Malaysian Armed Health Forces Associate Professor Scott Kitchener (Managing Editor) Ken Boffard, University of Witwatersrand Dr Graeme Cannell Anne Campbell, former DG NZ Defence Medical Services Dr Keith Horsley Annette Dobson, University of Queensland Dr Peter Leggat Mike Dowsett, former DG Naval Health Services Australia Professor Malcolm Sim Greg Gray, University of Iowa College of Public Health Dr Bob Stacy Jane Risdall, UK Defence Medical Services Dr Darryl Tong Art Smith, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences Tyler Smith, US Millennium Cohort Study Kate Venables, Oxford University Simon Wessely, King’s Centre for Military Health Research Australian Military Medicine Association PATRON MAJOR GENERAL Paul Alexander Commander Joint Health and Surgeon General Australian Defence Force COUNCIL President Dr Greg Mahoney Vice President Dr Nader Abou-Seif Secretary Dr Janet Scott Treasurer Dr Peter Hurly Council Members Dr Ross Mills Mr Stewart Robertson Dr Andrew Robertson Mr Geoff Robinson Public Officer Ms Paula Leishman STATEMENT OF OBJECTIVES The Australian Military Association is an independent, professional scientific organisation of health professions with the objectives of: • Promoting the study of military medicine • Bringing together those with an interest in military medicine • Disseminating knowledge of military medicine • Publishing and distributing a journal in military medicine • Promoting research in military medicine Membership of the Association is open to doctors, dentists, nurses, pharmacists, paramedics and anyone with a professional interest in any of the disciplines of military medicine. The Association is totally independent of the Australian Defence Force. ISSN No. 1835-1271 Page 2 Journal of Military and Veterans’ Health Editorial Inside this edition The Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting rickettsial disease and influenza on deployed forces. (CHOGM) has just completed successfully in We also look at other environmental hazards, from Perth with the joint assistance of the Australian pesticides to injury patterns in various groups of Government, Australian Defence Force (ADF) and soldiers. All the articles are intended to challenge, the Western Australian State Government. While the educate and broaden the operational and strategic considerable capabilities of the ADF did not need to viewpoint of our members. We would particularly be seriously tested, the planning from all agencies welcome continuing discussion on the issues of ensured a smooth and trouble-free meeting. What is current military operations, current military and not necessa r ily highlighted i n t he media a nd elsewhere veterans health issues, military health history and is that the large amounts of planning, liaison and military-civil interactions. exercising, which is required to make such meetings As we head into 2012, we will have further themed happen, does not just spontaneously occur, but is the issues a nd a sk prospect ive aut hors to consider whet her result of the application of good Defence, police and they may have suitable articles for those themed health planning principles. While I am grateful that issues. Other militar y and veterans’ health articles are we did not need to access the skills and expertise of always very welcome and we would encourage all our ADF colleagues, it was very reassuring to know that readers to consider writing on their areas of military the reach-back capability was there should we have or veterans’ health interest. needed it. CHOGM also highlighted the ongoing issues with infectious diseases and tropical diseases in many of the member countries. In this issue, we are looking Dr Andy Robertson, CSC particularly at tropical diseases of operational importance, with original articles on the impact of Editor-in-Chief President’s message Welcome to the latest edition of JMVH focusing on D u r i n g t he c on fe r e nc e t he A s s o c i at ion’s a n nu a l ge ne r a l topical disease. Recently the association conducted meeting was held and two councillors resigned due to its annual conference in Melbourne with over 450 their work commitments, Scott Kitchener and Kerry delegates and 36 trade exhibitors it was magnificent Clifford. I would like to take this opportunity to thank occasion and a great opportunity to catch up with them for their contributions and dedication to ensuring old and new friends and hear the latest advances the Association success. Their resignations created in military medicine. I like to thank all those who vacancies in the council which were filled by Ross contributed to ensuring the conferences success; our Mills and Stewart Robertson and I and all the other 90 presenters, the organising committee and, the council members look forward to their participation in association’s secretariat. council business in the future. Importantly, during the meeting the council and the membership reaffirmed Congratulations, too, to the award winners; their commitment to the Journal as an important • Weary Dunlop Award – Glen Mitchell and Bronte component of the Association’s activities. Douglas, Wishing all members and readers a merry Christmas • JMVH New Author’s Award – Nevin Colgrave, 2011, happy New Year and may 2012 be the best of years. • JMVH Editor’s Award – Robin Orr, • Patron’s Award – Peter Peters and, • Foundation Park Award (Best Veteran Paper) – Greg Mahoney Samantha Crompvoets President AMMA Next year the conference will be our 21st and will be held at the Brisbane Conference and Exhibition Centre. Volume 19 Number 4; October 2011 Page 3 Editorial Epidemiology and prevention of t r o p i c a l d i s e a s e s o f m i l i t a r y i m p o r t a n c e : a special issue Professor Peter A. Leggat, MD, PhD, DrPH, FAFPHM, FFPH RCP(UK), FACTM Historically, tropical diseases have remained a areas of transmission are highly focal.10 Complications significant threat to military operations in tropical and even death can ensue in severe cases. Stephen zones,1-4 especially in the developing country Frances provides further information on rickettsial environment, which are often areas characterized by diseases in his paper “Rickettsial Diseases of Military extremes of poverty, environment, endemic disease, Importance: An Australian Perspective” in this issue. and inadequate public health resources. In the past In addition, the importance of immunization in decade, military deployments to war-like areas, such defence personnel has been demonstrated by as Iraq and Afghanistan, has seen an increased focus outbreaks of various vaccine-preventable diseases in on trauma; however recent literature suggests that developing countries and the impact of seasonal and tropical diseases remain issues for deployed troops. novel influenza viruses.11,12 Dennis Shanks further An overview of tropical infectious diseases of military discusses this concern in his paper entitled “The importance has been published elsewhere.5 Ability of Seasonal and Pandemic Influenza to Disrupt Of particular concern for military deployments have Military Operations”, also in this issue. been vector-borne diseases, such as malaria. Malaria Less well known is the problem of military personnel countermeasures, such as malaria chemoprophylaxis being exposed to soil transmitted nematodes. From and personal protective measures, have become previous military campaigns, strongyloidiasis has integral
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