A Study of the Relative Effect of the Community College on Transfer Students: Achievement and Satisfaction Daniel Joseph Phelan Iowa State University
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Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1990 A study of the relative effect of the community college on transfer students: achievement and satisfaction Daniel Joseph Phelan Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Community College Education Administration Commons, Community College Leadership Commons, and the Higher Education and Teaching Commons Recommended Citation Phelan, Daniel Joseph, "A study of the relative effect of the community college on transfer students: achievement and satisfaction " (1990). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 11213. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/11213 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. 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University Microfilms International A Bell & Howell Information Company 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 Order Number 903510 A study of the relative effect of the community college on transfer students: Achievement and satisfaction Phelan, Daniel Joseph, Ph.D. Iowa State University, 1990 UMI 300N,ZeebRd. Ann Aibor, MI 48106 A study of the relative effect of the community college on transfer students: Achievement and satisfaction by Daniel Joseph Phelan A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department: Professional Studies in Education Major Higher Education Approved: Signature was redacted for privacy. InCharge of Major Work Signature was redacted for privacy. dor Department Signature was redacted for privacy. For the Graduate College Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 1990 Copyright (c) Daniel Joseph Phelan, 1990. All rights reserved. TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS DEDICATION CHAPTER 1. THE PROBLEM Introduction Background Problem Statement Purpose of the Study General Hypothesis Research Questions Research Design General Design Model Variables Student Incoming Characteristics College Environment Student Outcomes Scope, Population and Sample Scope College Effects Population Sample Assumptions Delimitations Definition of Terms Data Gathering Procedures Treatment and Data Analysis Significance of the Study iii CHAPTER II. REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE Overview Introduction Development of the Transfer Function in the United States Transfer Function Development in the State of Iowa The Goals of General Education A College Effects Model Entering Student Characteristics The College Environment Transfer Student Outcomes Summary CHAPTER III. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY Sources of Data Population Sample Data Gathering Survey Development Sampling and Survey Procedures Independent Variables Dependent Variables General Hypothesis Treatment of the Data Survey Data Preparation "Other Source" Data Preparation Statistical Data Analysis Descriptive Statistics Non-Parametric Statistics Parametric Statistics Summary • iv CHAPTER IV. RESEARCH RESULTS AND DATA ANALYSIS 127 Introduction 127 Survey Results 127 Description of the Data Collected 128 Variables Measured 140 The Dependent Variables 143 Statistical Findings of Hypotheses 156 General Summary 247 CHAPTER V. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 255 Introduction 255 Summary of the Findings 255 Conclusions 261 General Hypothesis 276 Recommendations for Future Research 278 Contributions of This Investigation 280 APPENDIX A. NORTH IOWA AREA COMMUNITY COLLEGE ENROLLMENT CARD 283 APPENDIX B. NORTH IOWA AREA COMMUNITY COLLEGE PERMANENT TRANSCRIPT 285 APPENDIX C. LETTER OF TRANSCRIPT REQUEST TO BACCALAUREATE- GRANTING INSTITUTIONS 287 APPENDIX D. NORTH IOWA AREA COMMUNITY COLLEGE ALUMNI SURVEY WITH SUPPLEMENTAL QUESTIONS 289 APPENDIX E. SAMPLE TRANSFER INSTITUTION PERMANENT STUDENT TRANSCRIPT (IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY) 300 APPENDIX F. FIRST INTRODUCTORY SURVEY LETTER TO STUDENTS 302 V APPENDIX G. SURVEY REMINDER POST CARD 304 APPENDIX H. SECOND FOLLOW-UP SURVEY MAILING COVER LETTER 306 APPENDIX I. FINAL CERTIFIED MAILING COVER LETTER 308 APPENDIX J. WRITER'S WORKBENCH READABILITY ANALYSIS OF THE SURVEY REMINDER POST CARD (APPENDIX G) 310 APPENDIX K. LIST OF NORMED COMMUNITY COLLEGES WHO HAVE USED THE ACT ALUMNI SURVEY TWO-YEAR COLLEGE FORM 312 APPENDIX L. HYPOTHESIS/SURVEY QUESTION MATRIX 315 APPENDIX M. ADVISORY PANEL OF PROFESSIONAL NORTH IOWA AREA COMMUNITY COLLEGE STAFF MEMBERS 348 APPENDIX N. SUPPLEMENTAL QUESTIONS 350 APPENDIX O. STUDENT PILOT TEST QUESTIONS 354 APPENDIX P. SAMPLE PAGE OF STUDENT SURVEY CODE BOOK 356 APPENDIX Q. MAILING LIST QUALIFICATION COVER LETTER 358 APPENDIX R. MAILING LIST QUALIFICATION RETURN POST CARD 360 APPENDIX S. SUMMARY OF SURVEY RESULTS 362 APPENDIX T. SUMMARY OF SURVEY COMMENTS 379 APPENDIX U. TRANSFER STUDENT CONSENT FORM FOR TRANSCRIPTS 390 BIBLIOGRAPHY 392 AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL STATEMENT 398 vi LIST OF TABLES Numbers of community colleges and total headcount enrollment by decade 4 Iowa community college enrollment 1980, 1986, with projections for 1990 5 North Iowa Area Community College enrollment summary by full time equivalent enrollment 7 Fall headcount enrollment at Community, Technical, and Junior Colleges, 1980-1989 38 Associate Degrees conferred by Iowa's Community Colleges, 1974-1985 41 Frequency distributions of selected variables from Cramer's (1971, p. 53) study at Iowa Central Community College 77 NIACC first-time transfer student enrollment report by semester entered (1981-1983) 94 Survey Distribution Timetable 99 ACT Two-Year College Alumni Survey Content Outline 100 Descriptive summary of 10 percent sample of fall, 1981 enrollments at North Iowa Area Community College 107 North Iowa Area Community College transfer student characteristics from returned surveys (N=327) 130 Student characteristics of sampled non-respondents from North Iowa Area Community College (N=239) 131 Additional characteristics of North Iowa Area Community College transfer student returns (N=327) 133 Student characteristics of transfer students from NIACC who did not graduate from a baccalaureate- granting institution (N=226, Non-Bachelor Degree Group) and for those students who did graduate from a baccalaureate-granting institution (N=101, Bachelor Degree Group) 135 vii Additional characteristics of sampled transfer students from North Iowa Area Community College for the Bachelor Degree and Non-Bachelor Degree Group (N=327) 137 NIACC transfer student semester credit hour achievement by Bachelor Degree and Non-Bachelor Degree Groups 139 Transfer student satisfaction with the NIACC experience by Bachelor Degree and Non- Bachelor Degree groups 144 Transfer student satisfaction with their NIACC preparation as individuals by Bachelor Degree and Non-Bachelor Degree groups 145 Transfer student satisfaction with their NIACC preparation for the work place by Bachelor Degree and Non-Bachelor Degree groups 146 Transfer student satisfaction with their NIACC preparation as citizens by Bachelor Degree and Non-Bachelor Degree groups 147 Transfer student satisfaction with their NIACC preparation as family members by Bachelor Degree and Non-Bachelor Degree groups 148 Pearson Product-Moment Correlation results for all sampled transfer students (N=327) 150 Pearson Product-Moment Correlation results for transfer students who received a Bachelor's Degree (N=101). (Bachelor Degree Group) 152 Pearson Product-Moment Correlation results for transfer students who did not receive a Bachelor's Degree (N=226). (Non-Bachelor Degree Group) 153 One-way ANOVA cumulative semester credit hours earned by NIACC transfer students according to high school GPA (CCCRDTS) by (HSGPA) 157 One-way ANOVA of cumulative semester credit hours earned by NIACC transfer students according to father's education level at first NIACC enrollment 158 viii Page One-way ANOVA of cumulative semester credit hours