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And Moths), with Examples in Colorado Lepidoptera; to Facilitate the Exchange of James A Volume 52, Number 2 Summer 2010 Inside: The Status of Junonia evarete and J. genoveva The Biogeographical Case Against Butterfly Releases New Terminology for Describing Mate- Locating Behavior of Lepidoptera Proposed Constitutional Amendments Digital Collecting: The State of the Art Field Museum’s Castniidae Collection Now Online The John Burroughs Association Membership Update, Metamorphosis, Marketplace… …and more! Contents The Identities of Papilio evarete Cramer and Papilio genoveva Volume 52, Number 2 Cramer (Nymphalidae), with Notes on the Occurrence of Junonia Summer 2010 evarete in Florida The Lepidopterists’ Society is a non-profit John V. Calhoun. .............................................................................................. 47 educational and scientific organization. The Proposed Amendments to the Lepidopterists’ Society Constitution. 51 object of the Society, which was formed in Digital Collecting: The State of the Art May 1947 and formally constituted in De- David Horner. .................................................................................................. 52 cember 1950, is “to promote internationally Conservation Matters: Under Their Own Steam: The the science of lepidopterology in all its Biogeographical Case Against Butterfly Releases branches; to further the scientifically sound Robert Michael Pyle. ........................................................................................ 54 and progressive study of Lepidoptera, to is- New Terminology for Describing Mate-Locating Behavior of Butterflies sue periodicals and other publications on (and Moths), with Examples in Colorado Lepidoptera; to facilitate the exchange of James A. Scott. ................................................................................................ 58 specimens and ideas by both the professional Flaiting Behavior on Hilltops in Day-Flying Alypia species worker and the amateur in the field; to com- pile and distribute information to other or- (Noctuidae, Agaristinae) that form a Mimicry Complex with ganizations and individuals for purposes of Anania funebris (Pyralidae) and Bumblebees education and conservation and appreciation James A. Scott. ................................................................................................ 63 of Lepidoptera; and to secure cooperation in Membership Update and Metamorphosis all measures” directed towards these aims. Julian Donahue . .............................................................................................. 65 (Article II, Constitution of The Lepidopter- New Membership Directory Notice ists’ Society.) Julian Donahue . .............................................................................................. 65 The News of the Lepidopterists’ Society The Marketplace. ............................................................................................... 66 (ISSN 0091-1348) is published quarterly by Less Common Butterflies of the Rocky Mountains The Lepidopterists’ Society, c/o Los Angeles George Krizek . ................................................................................................. 69 County Museum of Natural History, 900 Ex- The Mailbag......................................................................................................... 69 position Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90007-4057, John Burroughs Association USA., and includes one or two supplements Gary Noel Ross. ............................................................................................... 70 each year. The Season Summary is pub- Parasitic Mite Larvae (Acari) on an Adult Strymon acis bartrami lished every year as Supplement S1 and is (Lycaenidae) mailed with issue 1 of the News. In even num- Mark H. Salvato and Holly L. Salvato. ........................................................ 71 bered years a complete Membership Direc- tory is published as Supplement S2 and is Computerization of the Field Museum of Natural History Giant mailed with issue 4 of that volume of the Butterfly Moth Collection (Castniidae) News. Please see the inside back cover for in- James H. Boone, Jorge M. Gonzalez, Gracen M. Brilmyer structions regarding subscriptions, submis- and Daniel Le. ................................................................................................. 72 sions to, and deadline dates for, the News. Executive Council/Season Summary Zone Coordinators. .............. 74, 75 Periodicals Postage paid at Los Angeles, CA and at additional mailing office (Lawrence, Issue Date: May 30, 2010 ISSN 0091-1348 KS). POSTMASTER: Please send address changes to News of the Lepidopterists’ Society, c/o Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, 900 Exposition Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90007-4057. Copyright © 2010 by The Lepidopteris ts’ Society. All rights reserved. The statements of contributors do not necessarily represent Front Cover: the views of the Society or the editor and the Bramble Hairstreak (Callophrys dumetorum), Charlton Flats, Angeles National Society does not warrant or endorse prod- Forest, Los Angeles County, CA, April 1, 2007. Photo by David Horner. ucts or services of advertisers. Summer 2010 News of the Lepidopterists’ Society The Identities of Papilio evarete Cramer and Papilio genoveva Cramer (Nymphalidae), with Notes on the Occurrence of Junonia evarete in Florida John V. Calhoun 977 Wicks Drive, Palm Harbor, FL 34684 [email protected] The true identities of Papilio evarete irregular. For his book on the basis of Cramer’s published and Papilio genoveva have long been butterflies of North America, Scott illustrations. Rendered by the Dutch disputed. Now placed in the genus (1986) elected to follow the artist Gerrit Wartenaar Lambertz Junonia Hübner, they were originally nomenclature of Clench & Bjorndal (1747-1803), these illustrations are described by the Dutch naturalist (1980), who applied these names to the generally more detailed than their Pieter Cramer (1721-1776) in his opposite species (J. Scott pers comm.). engraved counterparts. Although multivolume publication (completed by This enduring doubt caused some Turner & Parnell (1985) stated that Casper Stoll) on the butterflies of Asia, authors (e.g. Opler & Malikul 1992) to they consulted the “original drawings Africa, and America. Cramer’s type transpose facts about each species. of Cramer,” it does not appear that they specimens are lost, but he provided Based on an anticipated arrangement examined the drawings by Lambertz, hand-colored engraved illustrations of of Junonia by Lamas (2004), Opler and but rather used this phrase in reference each species (Pl. 203, figs. C & D and Warren (2002) also reversed the names to the published engravings. Neild Pl. 290, figs. E & F) (Cramer [1779], of these species relative to Turner & (2008) also argued that several [1780]). These names were sub- Parnell (1985). This nomenclature was characters used to separate these sequently used to recognize seasonal adopted for other publications, species in Jamaica are “of limited or no forms and subspecies. They were even including the popular field guide by value for specific distinction of the combined into the subspecies J. evarete Brock & Kaufman (2003). Despite this continental populations.” He found genoveva (see Schwartz 1989 for a trend, only anecdotal evidence that some of the characters used to review of their usage). Uncertainty also supported its validity and online identify these species in Jamaica apply plagued other aspects of their status. Lepidoptera talk groups continued to to the opposite species in the vicinity of Miller & Brown (1981) mentioned that debate the issue. These conflicting Suriname. Based on this evidence, the type locality of P. genoveva was “not interpretations left lepidopterists Neild (2008) designated neotypes, which stated” and “probably West Indian,” yet without a clear concept on which to objectively defined these nominal Cramer indicated that both species were base identifications of evarete and species as Papilio evarete=Tropical from “Suriname” (South America). genoveva. This changed in 2008 with Buckeye and Papilio genoveva The identities of these taxa are of the publication of the second volume of =Mangrove Buckeye. This action particular interest to those who study the comprehensive series of guide overturned the interpretation of Turner the butterflies of the southern United books, The Butterflies of Venezuela, by & Parnell (1985). Although many of States and Latin America. Andrew Neild. In fact, the nomen- Cramer’s references to “Suriname” are A key investigation by Turner & clature employed by Opler & Warren erroneous, the similarity of his Junonia Parnell (1985) confirmed that evarete (2002) and Lamas (2004) was based on illustrations to the butterflies of that and genoveva act as separate species in Neild’s unpublished research. region strongly supports Neild’s Jamaica, which corroborated the To better understand the status of J. conclusions. To help familiarize other observations of Clench & Bjorndal evarete and J. genoveva, Neild (2008) lepidopterists with his research, Andrew (1980) in the Bahamas. After “dedicated a disproportionate amount Neild kindly granted me permission to consulting Cramer’s illustrations, of time to Venezuelan and continental write this brief article and include Turner & Parnell concluded that J. Junonia in an attempt to unravel the relevant images in a comparative format evarete represented the species perceived enigma.” Because Cramer (Figs. 1-12). The original figures by commonly known
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