E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 104 CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION

Vol. 142 WASHINGTON, FRIDAY, JUNE 21, 1996 No. 93 House of Representatives The House was not in session today. Its next meeting will be held on Monday, June 24, 1996, at 2 p.m. Senate FRIDAY, JUNE 21, 1996

The Senate met at 9:30 a.m., and was nized, the distinguished Senator from OWNERSHIP OF RADIO STATIONS called to order by the President pro Georgia. tempore [Mr. THURMOND]. Mr. SIMON. Mr. President, back f when we had the telecommunications PRAYER SCHEDULE bill up, I had an amendment that would have permitted some enlargement of The Chaplain, Dr. Lloyd John Mr. COVERDELL. Mr. President, Ogilvie, offered the following prayer: today, the Senate will be in session for ownership in radio stations, but kept a The eyes of the Lord run to and fro a period of morning business only. No cap on. The bill we passed took the cap throughout the whole earth, to show Him- rollcall votes will occur during today’s off completely. In this morning’s news- self strong on behalf of those whose heart session. When the Senate completes its papers, on the front page of the New —II Chronicles 16:9. is loyal to Him. business today, it will stand in recess York Times and Washington Post, are Almighty God, we want to be Your until Monday. No rollcall votes will stories about Westinghouse buying a loyal people who receive Your occur during Monday’s session. How- huge chunk of American radio. The strength. You know what is ahead of us business section of the New York today and will provide us with exactly ever, the Senate will be debating the campaign finance reform bill. A cloture Times says: ‘‘Westinghouse would own what we need in each hour, each cir- 32 percent of top markets.’’ cumstance. We rejoice in the knowl- motion was filed on that bill yesterday edge that You will neither be surprised and, under the order, that rollcall vote That is not a healthy thing. I would by what happens nor incapable of sus- will occur at 2:15 on Tuesday, June 25. like to read the honor roll. I say to my taining us in our challenges. You will The Senate will also resume the de- colleagues on the other side, I regret show us the way all through this day. fense authorization bill next week. there are only two Republicans listed Therefore, we resist the temptation to Therefore, all Senators can anticipate here, because we end up in partisan be anxious and worry. Instead we ac- rollcall votes throughout next week. mode so often in this body, and I am cept Your wisdom for our decisions, Mr. President, it is my understanding sure this is one of those cases where Your love for our relationships, Your that the period from 9:30 until 11 others might have voted with us if that hope for our discouraging times, re- o’clock is dedicated to morning busi- had not happened. But those who voted plenished energy for our exhausted ness, which I will control, or those that for limitation, and not taking the cap times, and renewed vision for our un- I would designate. away are: Senator DANIEL AKAKA; Sen- certain times. We dedicate this day to f ator JOE BIDEN; Senator JEFF BINGA- You. Protect us from the pride that re- MAN; Senator BARBARA BOXER; Senator MORNING BUSINESS fuses to admit our need, not only to BILL BRADLEY; Senator DALE BUMPERS; walk more closely with You, but to be The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. STE- Senator ROBERT BYRD; Senator KENT open to Your encouragement through VENS). Under the previous order, there CONRAD; Senator MIKE DEWINE; Sen- others. May we all live this day as a will now be a period for the transaction ator CHRIS DODD; Senator BYRON DOR- never to be repeated opportunity to of morning business. The first 90 min- GAN; Senator RUSS FEINGOLD; Senator glorify You by serving our Nation. In utes are under the control of the Sen- DIANNE FEINSTEIN; Senator TOM HAR- our Lord’s name. Amen. ator from Georgia. KIN; Senator JESSE HELMS, who has f Mr. COVERDELL. Mr. President, I some background in this business of will yield 5 minutes to my colleague, radio; Senator BENNETT JOHNSTON; Sen- RECOGNITION OF THE ACTING the Senator from Illinois. ator TED KENNEDY; Senator JOHN MAJORITY LEADER The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- KERRY; Senator BOB KERREY; Senator The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The ator from Illinois is recognized for 5 FRANK LAUTENBERG; Senator PAT able acting majority leader is recog- minutes. LEAHY; Senator CARL LEVIN; Senator

∑ This ‘‘bullet’’ symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor.

S6633

.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S6634 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 21, 1996 JOE LIEBERMAN; Senator BARBARA MI- pointed so that we can move on with ical savings accounts. There is an arti- KULSKI; Senator PAT MOYNIHAN; Sen- the business of helping the American cle in Investors Business Daily written ator PATTY MURRAY; Senator CLAI- family in the critical health insurance by John C. Goodman, who says this: BORNE PELL; Senator DAVID PRYOR; market. Medical savings accounts give people a new Senator HARRY REID; Senator CHUCK Here is the point. It creates a med- way to pay for health care. The option is a ROBB; Senator JAY ROCKEFELLER; Sen- ical savings account program—the high deductible health insurance paired with ator PAUL SARBANES, and Senator PAUL House version does, the Senate did not; a personal savings account. The individual uses his or her account to pay for routine WELLSTONE. Voting ‘‘present’’ was Sen- there are many, many Senators who want to agree with the House—effec- and preventive medical care while the policy ator NANCY KASSEBAUM. pays for major expenses. Individuals who That was a great mistake, lifting tive next January, according to the have money left over in the MSA at the end that cap off completely. Now, we are in compromise proposal people are trying of the year can withdraw it, or roll it over to a situation where one corporation, or to work out, for self-employed and grow with interest. even one individual, theoretically, those who work for small businesses This is a great idea. This is a way in could control radio in this country. I with 50 or fewer people. I have heard which many Americans have saved think it is not a healthy thing. I do not several versions of this. I know it is a thousands of dollars in automobile in- know what happens, but I hope that in moving target. But medical savings ac- surance. They bought policies where the next session of Congress—and I rec- counts are a creature of the market they have high deductibles so they pay ognize it will not happen in this ses- that many, many people want to take lower premiums, and they are in a sion—there will be some kind of a cap advantage of. sense self-insuring and paying for small put on. I do not think it would be a This is the principal reason, although costs themselves so that they can healthy thing if one corporation, for there are others, apparently, that Sen- lower their overall cost. So the idea example, in Alaska, or Georgia, or ator KENNEDY has raised ongoing objec- has been brought over to the health in- Washington, or Delaware, or Illinois, tions to. The bill fights fraud and abuse surance market. held all the radio stations. I think this with new and tough provisions in the Some 2,000 employers have adopted tendency toward concentration of own- health care market. some version of an MSA already. Sen- ership is not a good thing for our coun- So here we go. We make it possible ator KENNEDY from Massachusetts says try, and I simply want to commend my for families to take insurance benefits that MSA’s are only for the healthy. colleagues—particularly, Senators and endless job lock, where somebody The Rand analysis says no. It says no, MIKE DEWINE and JESSE HELMS, who might get a chance to have a new job that that allegation from the Senator went away from the party lines to vote but they cannot move because they are from Massachusetts is not correct. for that amendment. I commend them, afraid they will lose their insurance. Rand researchers conclude that particularly. This corrects that. Let us just do it. MSA’s would be attractive to those I thank my colleague from Georgia It makes health care coverage more who expect to face high health care for yielding the time. available and affordable to small busi- costs. That is because potential out-of- f nesses and the self-employed. This is pocket expenses under traditional something America needs. Let us just HEALTH CARE REFORM health insurance, which requires do it. deductibles plus copayments, are high- Mr. COVERDELL. Mr. President, we It allows tax deductions for long- er than under MSA plans. are now in the 61st day of the objection term health care needs. It lets people Senator KENNEDY says MSA’s are of Senator KENNEDY to the appoint- in a time of tragedy accelerate bene- only for the wealthy. There are just ment of Senate conferees for health fits. It creates, yes, a new medical sav- reams of research that say that is not care reform—a commonsense health ings account, which is a version where the case. We have example after exam- care reform issue. It raises the ques- the ensured has an opportunity to ple, person after person, school bus tion, why ought not everyday citizens lower their costs, and they actually be- drivers, secretaries in a library, in be given the opportunity to share in came paying consumers in the market- MSA plans. These are not wealthy peo- the massive benefits that this health place. It fights fraud and abuse. ple. And they are coming to the Con- care reform proposal would bring to We should do these things for the gress and saying, ‘‘Give us these op- America? Why would they be denied country. By the time we get back, we tions, make MSA’s copartners in the this? What does the bill do, and why will have waited 63 days just to appoint health insurance market so that our can we not get on with it and get this conferees. costs are deductible.’’ job done? I know every American So America is sitting out here wait- Mr. President, I am going to yield at across the country is asking that ques- ing and waiting, and families are suf- this point after this opening state- tion. fering and suffering and suffering be- ment. I am going to yield to the Sen- Under this legislation, for the first cause the Congress will not get on and ator from Washington, who I appre- time, working Americans will be able pass this meaningful reform. ciate very much being here this morn- to leave their jobs without having to Who supports this commonsense ing. worry about losing their health insur- health reform approach? It is a wide Mr. GORTON addressed the Chair. ance due to a preexisting condition. range of support. The American Hos- The PRESIDING OFFICER. How The question to Senator KENNEDY is: pital Association, Farmers Health Alli- much time is yielded to the Senator Why not get on with this and just do ance, National Association of Manufac- from Washington? it? We have been talking about it now turers, National Federation of Inde- Mr. COVERDELL. I yield up to 10 for years. It makes health care cov- pendent Businesses, National Associa- minutes. erage more available and affordable for tion for the Self-employed, Alliance for The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- small businesses and the self-employed. Affordable Health Care, American ator from Washington is recognized for Why not just get this done? Let us Small Business Association, as well as up to 10 minutes. move on with this. many others, have endorsed this com- Mr. GORTON. Mr. President, I am It allows tax deductions for long- monsense approach to making the convinced that the Senator from Geor- term health care needs, nursing home health insurance market a friendlier gia is correct in his analysis in what he coverage, home health care coverage, place, an easier place for America’s has told us here in the Senate. We have and allows terminally ill patients and families and America’s businesses. And now waited for more than 2 months their families to receive tax-free accel- they are all put on hold because the facing a filibuster even of a procedural erated death benefits from their insur- Senator from Massachusetts and the motion formally to appoint a con- ance companies. That allows a family White House are objecting to an open ference committee to settle a set of vi- in a time of enormous crisis an option market and a new product for the mar- tally important health care issues for to help deal with that crisis. Why not ket called medical savings accounts. the people of the United States. just do it? Let us get this done. Mr. President, the Senator from Mas- Mr. President, there is little con- We have been badgering around here sachusetts, Senator KENNEDY, has had troversy over the desirability of port- now 61 days trying to get conferees ap- a lot of things to say about these med- ability of health care insurance, over

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS June 21, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6635 certain restrictions on health care lim- time. If we go into this experiment and opposition and I think with specious itations because of preexisting condi- if this experiment works, more compa- arguments. Second, they want caps on tions and a number of other features of nies will provide health care for all of it, they want parameters all around it, the bill that passed the Senate. But the their employees on this catastrophic so you can draw the conclusion that senior Senator from Massachusetts is basis because it will cost them less. the effort is to prevent people from get- so vehemently opposed to a concept More employees will be encouraged to ting to this kind of coverage. called medical savings accounts that say more of us who are all consumers Mr. GORTON. I have only one more he and those who support it will not of health care will pay more attention comment and I wonder if the Senator even permit a debate in the Senate, a to what it costs and we may end up from Georgia agrees with this propo- vote in the Senate, on the issue. with a far more efficient system than sition. Does he not believe, as I do, The Senator from Georgia pointed we have today. that if this bill were to come back to out that this is not a new concept. It is Right now, we are not only being de- the Senate with this modest experi- very much like the automobile insur- nied that experiment, we are being de- ment on medical savings accounts in- ance that all of us purchase in which nied even those other elements on cluded, it would have a significant ma- we can make a set of value judgments which there is full agreement because jority of the votes of the Members of and choices. Do we want to pay a high one group of Members of this body this body, Democrats as well as Repub- premium and have even minor damage says, no, this is such a terrible idea; it licans, and would easily go to the to our automobiles paid for by the in- is so dangerous to let people make President, and that one of the reasons surance companies, or are we willing to their own choices that we will stop the for this filibuster is to prevent that accept a high deductible up to an whole thing, the entire health care re- majority view from prevailing and to amount which we feel we can afford to form in order to prevent this from tak- prevent the embarrassment of the pay ourselves in return for a much ing place. President either having to veto this lower premium for an automobile in- I appreciate the opportunity to speak proposal as he has threatened to do or surance policy that will take care of on this issue and seek the attention of actually to back off and sign it? the situation if our car is totaled or the Senator from Georgia, who was Mr. COVERDELL. I think we can badly damaged? kind enough to lend me this time, to safely draw that conclusion. A medical savings account is essen- ask him as a leader in this effort Mr. GORTON. I thank the Senator tially the same thing except because whether or not he agrees with these from Georgia for yielding me this time. we place such a high value on health sentiments. Does the Senator from Mr. COVERDELL. I thank the Sen- care insurance that we will offer cer- Georgia not agree that perhaps the ator from Washington. I think he has tain tax advantages to that high de- central real objection here is an objec- made a very, as I said, eloquent state- ductible health care insurance, saying tion to allowing people a greater de- ment with regard to this debate. that people can save an amount of gree of choice over how they fund their I now yield up to 10 minutes to the money up to that deductible on a tax- health care, a greater degree of choice distinguished Senator from Delaware. free basis to pay for the everyday over ways in which insurance may be The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- health care insurance costs out of it provided, a greater degree of attention ator from Delaware is recognized for up and end up having the money itself if to costs, simply a greater degree of to 10 minutes. they do not actually use it and, at the control over their own lives? Mr. ROTH. Mr. President, as my dis- same time, have a catastrophic health Mr. COVERDELL. I think the Sen- tinguished colleagues have already care plan which will keep families from ator from Washington has very elo- pointed out, we have been waiting for bankrupting, or from tremendous fi- quently described this condition and nearly 2 months to move forward on nancial distress in the case of major the source of the disagreement be- critical health insurance reform legis- health care needs. cause, after all, it was the senior Sen- lation. The holdup, we are told by the One of the reasons that many people ator from Massachusetts and his col- White House and some of our col- lack health care insurance today is the leagues who came forward with an all- leagues on the other side of the aisle, is fact that they are in States or commu- inclusive Federal takeover of medicine, this provision to create a tax-free med- nities with community ratings, which and the medical savings account is the ical savings account as a health insur- means that young people with young antithesis of it because there is a free- ance option for Americans. families are required to pay far more dom there, the freedom to the buyer of Tax-free medical savings accounts for standard health care insurance poli- the insurance. There is an access in the are something Americans want, al- cies than they are likely to use. And so system and, indeed, it will reduce dra- though you would never know it from they choose to have no insurance at matically the number of people who do the hyperbole being used by some of all, running a very real risk in the not have insurance. my colleagues on the other side of the process. As a consequence, if this pro- I tell you a clue, a clue to the objec- aisle. A poll released this month shows posal works, more people will have tive on the other side is that in the ne- that 77 percent of working Americans health care insurance against a cata- gotiation as to whether to allow the would start a medical savings account strophic event in their lives than have experiment, one suggestion was that if MSA’s were available to them. Amer- it today. the only business that could buy an icans who have MSA’s like them, and Perhaps the true objection of the sen- MSA was one that already had a low Americans who do not have MSA’s ior Senator from Massachusetts is that deductible plan now. So it was actually want them. as more people are insured against constructed, the suggestion is con- MSA’s exist now. They have been health care disasters in a free and vol- structed to prevent small businesses tested by thousands of companies with untary system, there will be less de- that have no insurance from exercising great success. What we want for MSA’s mand for the nationalized health care the MSA option. is equal tax treatment with other types system that he so vehemently sup- Mr. GORTON. To try to see to it that of employer-provided health insurance ported in the last Congress and which we did not have more people covered by for the self-employed, the ability to failed when the American people de- health care insurance. contribute to a medical savings ac- cided that they did not want the Gov- Mr. COVERDELL. Correct. count and receive a 100-percent deduc- ernment of the United States to be Mr. GORTON. But have a statistic tion for their contribution up to $2,000. running their health care. that you could go out and argue we This provision would end the current Personally, I think that may be the need a national system, we need a na- Tax Code discrimination against MSA’s real objection, because it appears to tional health care system because by ending the taxation on MSA depos- me that there can almost be no other, there are millions of people who are its. to at least an experiment involving uninsured, rather than reduce that Republicans in the House and Senate those who are self-employed or those number by this new and constructive have been willing to compromise on who are employed by small businesses, experiment. MSA’s. We have addressed many of the many of which do not provide health Mr. COVERDELL. First of all, those administration’s and Senator KEN- care for their employees at the present who oppose it have articulated their NEDY’s concerns about MSA’s. We have

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S6636 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 21, 1996 put forward proposals that are small, MSA’s allow funds from the account esting to note that many traditional small enough to be considered as dem- to be used to purchase long-term care low deductible insurance policies do onstration projects. This was one of insurance. Thus, MSA’s help provide not cover preventative care. the often-stated criteria of the White nursing home care, which, in turn, The administration asserts that House and some of our Democrat helps relieve those costs borne by Med- MSA’s will be attractive to the young friends. The American Hospital Asso- icaid. and, healthy, leaving the less healthy ciation this week endorsed our com- MSA’s will go a long way toward con- to pay higher insurance premiums. Un- promise. Both of the latest com- taining health care costs. They will en- fortunately for the administration, promises extending MSA’s to compa- courage consumers to shop wisely, to this again is not true. The hundreds of nies with either 50 or 100 or fewer em- reject unnecessary treatment and con- companies that offer MSA’s to their ployees would extend this tax free sta- serve scarce medical resources. Why? employees find them to be attractive tus to the segment of the work force Because with MSA’s it’s the consumer to workers of all health status. This is that has the highest number of unin- and not some third party who pays the because an MSA provides first dollar sured employees—small businesses. bills. coverage for many medical expenses MSA’s are of such importance in our Medical savings accounts will offer not otherwise covered by traditional effort to address our health concerns millions of employees and self-em- low-deductible health insurance. that on September 8, 1992, several of ployed individuals an affordable health Mr. President, it is interesting to my distinguished colleagues signed a care option. A high-deductible insur- note that 12 States and at least 1 city letter calling for the introduction of ance policy coupled with an MSA is have passed medical savings account MSA’s as part of their bill. less expensive than traditional insur- legislation and dozens more are moving Let me quote a portion of that letter. ance. to pass similar legislation. It is the Unlike many standard third-party health Federal Government that must now coverage plans, medical cost savings ac- The American Academy of Actuaries counts would give consumers an incentive to reports that MSA’s will be attractive move ahead with this idea. monitor spending carefully because to do to small businesses and their employ- Again, the need to move ahead is otherwise would be wasting their own ees as well as to self-employed Ameri- nothing new. Three years ago, Senators money. Once a Medical Savings Account is cans. Many of these individuals do not DASCHLE, BREAUX, BOREN, AND NUNN established for an employee, it is fully port- have health coverage, and MSA’s have joined Senators LUGAR and COATS to able. Money in the account can be used to the potential to increase health insur- pass what they firmly believed was a continue insurance while an employee is be- ance coverage among this group. much needed program. Today that pro- tween jobs or on strike. Recent studies show gram is needed—now more than ever. that at least 50 percent of the uninsured are Medical savings accounts are proven. uninsured for four months or less. . . . They have been used, and they have I urge my Democratic colleagues to Today, even commonly required small dollar been used successfully by hundreds of end their blockade of health insurance deductibles (typically $250 to $500) create a companies all across America. These reform, and work with us to make af- hardship for the financially stressed indi- companies have found that by empow- fordable health insurance a reality for vidual or family seeking regular, preventa- ering their employees to take charge of more Americans. tive care services. With Medical Savings Ac- their own care, spending costs have de- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- counts, however, that same individual or clined. ator from Georgia. family would have this critical money in Mr. COVERDELL. Mr. President, I their account to pay for the needed services. Unfortunately, the companies cur- rently using MSA’s are limited because thank the Senator from Delaware for Mr. President, these are important his very authoritative remarks on this arguments that were made for MSA’s our tax laws basically penalize employ- ees who choose to be covered by MSA’s. MSA account and on health care re- over 3 years ago. They are equally—if form in general. We appreciate his not more—important today. And that Under current law, at the end of the year, employees have to include the dedication to this work. I yield up to 10 letter was signed by Senators BREAUX, minutes to the Senator from Ten- Boren, DASCHLE, LUGAR, COATS, and full amount of the money deposited into his or her MSA in their taxable in- nessee. NUNN—a formidable bipartisan coali- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- tion of Senators taking a necessary come. This is absurd. These people are being hit for being responsible, for ator from Tennessee is recognized for stand on a critical issue. up to 10 minutes. Medical savings accounts promote being self-reliant, for taking charge of portability. It’s that simple. After a their own health care needs. PRIVILEGE OF THE FLOOR few years of relatively low health ex- This must be corrected, Mr. Presi- Mr. FRIST. Mr. President, I ask penses, the excess funds in an MSA can dent. In a campaign of disinformation unanimous consent that a legislative be available for an unexpectedly high the administration claims that MSA’s fellow on my staff, Dr. Jonelle Rowe, health care cost. Those funds can be will be a tax break for the rich. This is be granted the privilege of the floor for available for health care during times not true. Companies that provide today. of unemployment, and they can provide MSA’s find them to be very popular The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without extended coverage for long-term needs. among their low- and middle-income objection, it is so ordered. These, of course, are critical issues employees. In fact, the Joint Com- Mr. FRIST. Mr. President, I join my when it comes to portability. mittee on Taxation reports that 78 per- colleagues today to expand a bit upon The MSA is an attractive alternative cent of MSA users will have incomes of the Health Insurance Reform Act, for families. It gives the American less than $75,000. where it stands today, but focusing on family the greatest flexibility in choos- As Congressmen TORRICELLI and JA- the area under discussion—which is ing its own health care provider. With COBS wrote in a letter to the President, currently, in essence, being filibus- MSA’s, you, the patient, are able to se- dated April 17: tered—and that is the medical savings account issue. On both sides of the lect the doctor or provider you desire, You also should know that the current without interference by the bureauc- contract of the United Mine workers pro- aisle it is apparent that, for the first racy. And this can be very important vides its members with MSA’s. We do not be- time, at least since I have been here to people, especially when confronted lieve the UMW qualifies as healthier and over the last 2 years, we are very close with serious illness or disability. wealthier than the general population—a to passing a health insurance bill that MSA’s provide flexibility for families charge leveled by uninformed MSA oppo- is market based, that is incremental, to purchase insurance in the event the nents. and that reaches out to many people family loses its job or if it wants to The administration predicts that who do not have health insurance buy long-term health insurance. Under MSA’s will discourage preventive care. today, directly and indirectly. But our legislation taxpayers will be able In fact, Mr. President, many companies even more important, I think, and to use money in their medical savings with MSA’s find the opposite to be more specifically, this bill addresses accounts without penalty to make true. Medical savings accounts encour- the issues of portability and pre- COBRA payments—to continue their age people to get preventative care be- existing illness for people who do have catastrophic health insurance policy in cause they have money in their ac- health insurance today and who are in the event they lose their jobs. count to pay for this care. It is inter- group plans; portability being if you

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS June 21, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6637 are in a group plan now and you have [From the Journal of the American Medical And that is the perspective of where insurance, and either you lose your job Association, June 1996] health care is delivered, and that is at or you go from one job to another job, CAN MEDICAL SAVINGS ACCOUNTS FOR THE the physician-patient level. It simply you can take that plan with you. NONELDERLY REDUCE HEALTH CARE COSTS? has not been talked about yet. The debate here 3 years ago, or 4 It is not quite that easy, but you will (By Emmett B. Keller, Ph.D.; Jesse D. Malkin; Dana P. Goldman, Ph.D.; Joan L. years ago, when we were debating the have access to a health care plan when Buchanan, Ph.D.) one-size-fits-all Clinton health care you switch jobs or if you lose your job, Objective.—To understand how medical plan, failed in this regard as well. and that is the portability concept. savings account (MSA) legislation for the There were about 500 people involved, The preexisting concept being, if you nonelderly would affect health care costs. much of it was behind closed doors. have heart disease and have had a Design.—Economic policy evaluation based The public did not have input in those heart attack, you can still get insur- on the RAND Health Expenditures Simula- discussions, and real-life people and ance if you go from one job to another. tion Model. physicians were not even in the room, Setting.—National probability sample of The Senate has debated again and nonelderly noninstitutionalized households. people who are involved in that doctor- again, before I was in this body, these Participants.—Persons in 23,157 sampled patient interaction everyday. issues, really for the past 6 years. households from the 1993 Current Population Why is it important to look at that There is general agreement on these Survey. level? And this is the key point that two particular issues. Interventions.—Medical savings account people miss or do not talk about, and legislation would allow all Americans who that is because it is at that level that But today that bill, which is a posi- are covered only by a catastrophic health behavior is actually changed, the be- tive bill, the Kassebaum-Kennedy bill, care plan to set up a tax-exempt account havior of the patient who comes in who is being held up by this filibuster on that they can use to pay medical bills not is suddenly empowered to ask certain medical savings accounts. covered by their health insurance. The inter- questions. Why? Because they are ventions we evaluate differ in the spending their own money. Not like We hear a lot about medical savings deductibles of the catastrophic plan and in accounts, and it is important that, on whether the employee or employer funds the today, in most cases, where the insur- both sides of the aisle, people under- MSA. ance company is paying for it or the stand what they are. Main Outcome Measures.—Changes in na- public dole is paying for it, or Medicare is paying for it or Government is pay- It is very, very simple. A medical tional health expenditures and net social benefits of health care. ing for it. It changes the dynamics of savings account is a high-deductible, Results.—If all insured nonelderly Ameri- that relationship because we have em- say $2,000, catastrophic insurance plan. cans switched to MSAs, their health care ex- powered that individual who is coming So, if you have medical expenses that penditures would decline by between 0% and in, knowing they are going to be draw- are greater than, for example, $2,000, 13%, depending on how the MSAs are de- ing money from their personal savings your catastrophic insurance plan would signed. However, not all nonelderly Ameri- accounts in order to buy health care, cans would choose MSAs; taking into ac- kick in and you would have coverage to buy health care services. for your health care expenses. count selection patterns, health spending would change by +1% to ¥2%. Let me give you my own experience That high-deductible catastrophic Conclusions.—Medical savings account leg- as a physician who has been involved in plan is coupled with a tax deductible islation would have little impact on health the field of medicine for the last 20 personal savings account, in which you care costs of Americans with employer-pro- years before coming to this body. And would take, for example, $2,000 a year vided insurance. However, depending on the it is this: When somebody comes into over which you have some sort of tax size of the catastrophic limit, waste from the that office and they have chest pain relief, and that is placed in a personal excessive use of generously insured care and they are spending their own money could be reduced, and MSAs would be attrac- medical savings account. and not spending the insurance com- tive to both sick and healthy people. pany’s money or spending the Govern- It is out of that personal medical sav- Mr. FRIST. Mr. President, it is a fas- ment’s money, they ask three ques- ings account, a little bit like a medical cinating article, and I had the oppor- tions. Those three questions are asked IRA, that you can draw to pay for your tunity to meet here in Washington very directly, looking you in the eye. routine medical expenses, whether it is with the principal author on this par- Basically, they are: going to the dentist or paying for pre- ticular study, Dr. Emmett Keeler. We ‘‘What are your credentials, Dr. scriptions or paying for that annual had a chance to talk about the study. I FRIST?’’ checkup or paying for that treatment do think Members on both sides of the Second: ‘‘How much do you charge?’’ of heart disease, whatever it is. The aisle should read it. In the conclusions, Why do they ask that? Because they point is, you have access to that money in the abstract, it goes on, but the last are going to be paying for it out of and you use that money, you have con- sentence basically says: their own personal savings account. trol over that money. It empowers the Depending on the size of the catastrophic And third: ‘‘What kind of results do individual. limit, waste from the excessive use of gener- you have?’’ ‘‘Are the results good or I say that as background, because the ously insured care could be reduced, and bad?’’ ‘‘How do you compare to other issues that are debated on this floor MSAs would be attractive to both sick and people?’’ healthy people. Why? Because that individual coming again and again are: Will it save into the office is empowered for the money? Will there be just healthy peo- I just quote from the conclusions. I first time because it is their money ple coming in or will it be just the do encourage my colleagues to read this study. The cost issue talked about they are spending. sickest people coming in? What will it How are these questions really do to the insurance industry? is a great model. It is developed from a policy standpoint projecting ahead. I asked? People will come in, with regard There was a wonderful article that think that is terribly important to do. to credentials, and they will look at the Senator from Georgia referred to I do think we need to come back and your wall to see where you graduated earlier that was published just this say, fundamentally, that we are not from school. All of us, when we go into past week in the Journal of the Amer- going to be able to answer whether it is a doctor’s office, see the diplomas, but ican Medical Association. That article going to cost a little bit more or a lit- they go beyond that: ‘‘Where did you do your internship?’’ was this past week. The article itself is tle bit less with the data that is out called ‘‘Can Medical Savings Accounts ‘‘Where did you do your residency there today. Therefore, I would like to training?’’ for the Nonelderly Reduce Health Care turn to what nobody talks about—the Costs?’’ At this juncture, Mr. Presi- ‘‘Do you participate in writing peer policy people do not talk about, the review articles in your journals?’’ dent, I ask unanimous consent that an think tanks do not talk about. I have excerpt from the study be printed in ‘‘Do you participate in your profes- not heard it yet in the debate over the sional societies?’’ the RECORD. last 18 months on this Senate floor. I ‘‘Are you board certified?’’ There being no objection, the excerpt have not heard it among the think Those are the sort of questions that was ordered to be printed in the tanks in Washington. I have not heard are asked, once you empower somebody RECORD, as follows: it talked about among the economists. who comes into your office.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S6638 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 21, 1996 What is the end effect of that? The for the first time we had all these phy- vidual, but also the way I treat all of effect of that to me as a physician, sicians in the room deciding how much the other 95 percent of the people in when people ask me those questions, is a heart transplant should cost, based the health care system, because I go to do what? Is to take off a week, a on the services they deliver; where in back and get continuing education, I year and do that continuing education the past people just got the bills, start recording my data that can be course. If I do not have my boards, it is passed them to the insurance company, compared to other people. I have an in- for me to go back and pass my boards paid, with no questions asked, or sent centive to do what? Deliver a higher or get board certified, because they are them to the Federal Government, and quality of care to all Americans be- asking me that question. If enough there were no questions asked. cause we have empowered those indi- people ask me that question, I know My point is, if you have one person viduals through medical savings ac- they are going to be going to the coming in, asking the right questions, counts. board-certified surgeon rather than the it changes my behavior, but also the I say all this, because what I want nonboard-certified surgeon. behavior of the whole transplant cen- the other side to do—the other side is That is the power of having an indi- ter, of all the physicians that had, for filibustering this bill of preexisting ill- vidual—many individuals—come into the first time, gotten in the room. ness, of portability, using this guise of your office and ask you what your cre- The third question that people ask, medical savings accounts. I just ask dentials are. beyond how much you charge, is, what the other side to do a simple thing. No. 2, that person is going to come is your outcome? Because people want And that is, to forget the policy for in, because that money is coming out to know the value. Just like when I awhile, even forget the policy studies of their personal savings account, went to buy those flashlights, do I and the economic studies, because it is which, if they are not going to spend it, want a flashlight that will work for 1 going to be hard to make a decision rolls over to the next year by the bill year, 5 years, 1 month, 3 months? You just on that, but tonight or this after- we are proposing, they are going to ask the question. For the first time, if noon call your physician, call the phy- ask, ‘‘How much do you charge?’’ somebody is paying for it themselves, sician who delivered your child, call I guess it was 4 weeks ago I went they will say, ‘‘What are your results?’’ the physician who fixed your broken camping with my son, and we did not not ‘‘Am I going to live or die,’’ but arm, call the physician who treats your have a flashlight. So I went down to a ‘‘How do you compare to’’—I was in heart disease or your family’s heart store here locally and looked at the Tennessee—‘‘How do you compare to disease, and just ask them a very, very flashlights. There were $25 flashlights Alabama or Georgia or Baltimore, simple question. And that question is, that had emergency lights, buttons you other transplant programs? What is ‘‘By empowering individuals to have could push, actually had a horn on it, your outcome? When do people go back some control over their health care down to the little $3 flashlight, down to to work? What is your rate of infec- dollar’’—and that is all medical savings the $1 little pen light. I asked, ‘‘How tions? What is the rate of rejection accounts do—‘‘will it change the way much do you charge? What do you get over the period of the first month?’’ you practice medicine? Will it result in for that?’’ People just do not typically ask those a higher quality of medicine? Will it In truth, that is what we are doing questions. But the empowered patient empower that empowered individual to when a patient comes in and they say, does. ask you different questions than the ‘‘How much do you charge to do a heart And what do I have to do? All of a person who has no incentive to ask the transplant?’’ You would think people sudden, I say, people are going to be questions, like ‘How much do you ask that all the time. It really was not looking at me and comparing my qual- charge?’ or ‘What are your out- until about 1988, maybe 1987, that the ity of care, my standards—I think my comes?’’’ And if that physician, if that first patient, having been doing heart infection rate is the best in the coun- health care provider, if that nurse transplants since the early eighties, try, but I do not know. Nobody has comes forward and basically says, came into my office and said, ‘‘Dr. ever asked me or forced me to report ‘‘Yes, it will improve quality, it will Frist, how much is this heart trans- that data. You do not have to report improve value,’’ then I encourage you plant going to cost me?’’ that data. But with that one person to drop this filibuster and endorse med- Why do most people not ask? Because asking me, I start collecting, all of a ical savings accounts and support this Medicare will pay for it, Medicaid sudden, that data. bill. So do my colleagues in Georgia and would pay for it, large insurance com- Thank you, Mr. President. I yield the Alabama. We start comparing each panies will pay for it. They knew they floor. never would have to pay for it. other. Why? Because that patient that Mr. COVERDELL addressed the This fellow came into my office. is looking for a heart transplant, that Chair. ‘‘Why do you ask,’’ because I did not is going to change their life, is going to know exactly how much a heart trans- go shopping around. If he is going to be The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- plant cost. Nobody ever asked me. paying $100 or $150 or $1,500 he is going ator from Georgia. Here, I was doing as many heart to be shopping around. How is it going Mr. COVERDELL. I thank the Sen- transplants as anybody in the State of to change—this is my point—my be- ator from Tennessee for his remarks. Tennessee. But nobody ever asked me. havior, the health care industry behav- He has introduced a matter into the de- I said, ‘‘Why do you ask?’’ He said, ‘‘Be- ior? What does it do? It is going to cost bate we have not heard before, and that cause I’m going to have to pay for it. I me more because I have to hire a nurse is very basically from the provider do not have any insurance. I’m not 65 to help me collect that data. I have to standpoint, what happens when the years of age, so Medicare is not going put it in a computer. I might have to consumer has a role to play for the to kick in. And I’m not poor enough for put it in a computer, but it improves first time. It was very enlightening. I Medicaid to kick in. It is coming out of the quality of care broadly. appreciate the comments from the Sen- my pocket.’’ The point of all this is, that medical ator from Tennessee. I yield up to 10 What was my response? My response savings accounts, to work, you do not minutes to the Senator from Ohio. was, ‘‘I don’t know exactly how much have to have 20 percent of the Amer- The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. it is. I know how much my surgical ican population come into the medical FRIST). The Senator from Ohio is rec- fees are, but I don’t know how much savings accounts to have a huge impact ognized for 10 minutes. the hospital charges, I don’t know how on the value of health care. You do not Mr. DEWINE. Mr. President, let me much the pathologist charges or the re- have to have 10 percent take advantage first thank my colleague from Georgia habilitation specialist or the physical of it or 5 percent or 1 percent. for putting this time together, and also therapist. But I’ll find out.’’ The real beauty of it is that one per- congratulate my colleague from Ten- So what did I do? I went back, pulled son coming into my office and asking nessee. I have heard this MSA discus- everybody into a room—transplan- the right questions—what are your cre- sion many, many times, but I do not tation is fairly complex. It involves dentials? How much do you charge? think I have ever heard it as elo- lots of people. For the first time—I was What are your outcomes?—changes my quently expressed as he has just ex- the director of this transplant center— behavior in the way I treat that indi- pressed it.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS June 21, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6639 There is just no substitute for per- medical costs are lower than $2,000, the each with under 200 employees, that of- sonal experience, and there is no sub- family could keep whatever money is fered MSA’s to their employees. The stitute for coming to this floor and left over. It would be theirs. results were remarkable—a triumph of knowing what you are talking about. This is a major improvement over cost containment that demonstrates Senator FRIST clearly has dem- current standard practice, I believe in how promising the MSA alternative onstrated that he knows what he is a number of ways. First, MSA’s offer really is. talking about. As my colleague from first-dollar coverage. They pay the On average, individuals in the MSA Georgia has said, he has really put a first dollar of cost the family incurs, plan had lower out-of-pocket health different perspective on this. What em- the immediate expenses they face at care costs than those who had the more powerment means is, not only are dol- the doctor’s office or at the emergency traditional kind of health insurance. lars going to go further, but the qual- room. The average savings were $317 for indi- ity of medical care is going to go up, Under the current system, workers viduals who used MSA’s and $1,355 for consumers are going to be able to have to pay—the current system families who used MSA’s. The employ- choose, and there is going to be a reac- today—workers have to pay a high de- ers saved, too. On average, employers tion on the other side of that table or ductible or high copayments for their saved 12 percent more than they would the other side of that examining room medical care. The MSA will cover—will have from the traditional plans, had where the doctor may in fact change cover—that cost for them. To the typ- they been in the traditional plan. some of the things that he or she does. ical American family, this is very im- That, Mr. President, is the right di- So that was, I think a very, very portant. There are not too many Amer- rection for America. That is why, as of great testimonial to the power of em- icans, Mr. President, who have hun- last year, 17 States had passed MSA powerment, giving people the right to dreds of dollars just sitting around in a laws. That is why Ohio moved forward make their own decisions and the rea- bank account waiting for a medical with MSA legislation just this past son why, frankly, we need to end this emergency. month. That is why we are here today, 61-day filibuster that has been occur- Washington Post columnist Jim pressing for the enactment of this ex- ring on this floor. We need to move this Glassman tells the story of a woman tremely promising approach on the bill forward. We need to get the con- named Penny Blubaugh, who earns Federal level. ferees appointed. So I just urge my col- $16,000 a year as a secretary in the I again urge colleagues who have Danville, OH, school system. Her leagues on the other side of the aisle, been blocking this now—we are in our daughter stepped on a nail in their ga- 61st day of a filibuster—to let us move who have been holding this up, to stop rage, and Penny took her to the emer- forward, appoint the conferees, let the it and let us move forward. Let us get gency room. American people have the benefit of the conferees appointed and let us Cost: $375 for the emergency room, these MSA’s, which we clearly think, move forward. $70 for the x rays, for a total cost of Mr. President, last month the Ohio and the evidence is very strong, will $445. That is $445 that Penny did not General Assembly approved legislation make a difference. have. Fortunately, Penny was in an I again thank my colleague from to establish medical savings accounts. MSA, and MSA paid the bill—no de- Georgia for setting up this time. I yield The Ohio legislation permits Ohio fam- ductible, no copayment. They paid the the floor. ilies to make contributions to an MSA, bill—first dollar coverage. That, Mr. Mr. COVERDELL. I thank the Sen- and then deduct the contributions from President, is a dramatic concrete ben- ator from Ohio for his statement on their State taxes. In effect, the State efit to the typical working family that this very important matter. I yield up of Ohio is telling people, ‘‘We want you participates in an MSA. to 10 minutes to the senior Senator to save, we want you to save for the fu- The second benefit to both the indi- from Alaska. ture when it comes to your own health vidual working family and the country The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- care. And we think that you, the Ohio as a whole is the opportunity to save ator from Alaska is recognized. taxpaying family, would do a better job money. If the money in an MSA is left Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I was of deciding how to spend your health unused, at the end of the year the pleased to be here during the period of insurance dollars than the Government working family gets to keep it. I can presentation of the distinguished occu- bureaucracy would.’’ imagine no better incentive for intel- pant of the chair. As a physician, the I think it is time here in Congress ligent consumer choices when it comes Senator from Tennessee brings a great that we did the same thing, we follow to health care. A family spending its deal of information to us in a direct the lead of Ohio and some other States own money with the prospect of keep- way. that have passed similar legislation. ing whatever is unspent will mean that I might say, as I begin my comments, Mr. President, it is a simple fact of money simply is not wasted. starting in 1987 there was a group of us human nature. People will make wiser It is simple, common, basic sense. It that decided we would meet once a choices when they are spending their is also the conclusion of a study that week while the Senate was in session own money. As my colleague from Ten- was conducted by the Rand Corp. be- to review the problems of health care nessee said, he gave ample examples of tween 1974 and 1982. Will people make and insurance reform. It has been most that, real-world examples of how peo- very bad choices, denying themselves enlightening to this Senator to be a ple come in and see the doctor and ask essential care to save a few dollars? We participant, particularly with regard to the right questions. do hear that argument being made. The these medical savings accounts. When An MSA is basically, Mr. President, Rand Corp. study found that was not they first came up, I realized what a an IRA targeted specifically at health true. People would not do that. People great thing it would be for my State to care expenses. An MSA gives the would not act against their own self-in- have them put into Federal law. health care consumer both the freedom terest. In my State, over 90 percent of the and the incentive to shop intelligently Mr. President, if you give an Amer- employers are small businesses. Com- for health care services. ican family some resources and free- munity ratings often give us very high Here is basically how an MSA would dom, they will tend to make the right health insurance costs. Many of these work for a typical working American choices. What we need in American small businesses, though they would family. The worker’s employer puts, health economics is more people mak- like to do so, just cannot afford to pro- let’s say, $2,000 a year tax free into the ing the right choices. For too long we vide health insurance coverage for worker’s medical savings account. The have limited the freedom of American their employees. We live on the edge, worker uses that $2,000 to pay for health care consumers to make these under very costly circumstances. It is checkups, emergency treatment, and right choices. It should not be a sur- very difficult for these employees to whatever other medical necessities prise, therefore, that we have rapidly bear the cost of health insurance. arise during the course of that year. If rising health care costs at a time when Many times they are like that person the worker’s family has medical costs inflation, in general, is pretty much that the Senator from Tennessee indi- above $2,000, catastrophic coverage under control. cated that came to his office: They are would pay for it, catastrophic coverage A recent Cleveland State University without health insurance, and often- would then kick in. If the family’s study examined 27 Ohio businesses, times face real difficult problems.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S6640 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 21, 1996 I do believe the concept of a cata- many Alaskans from getting health in- get health care from the provider of strophic insurance really fits into the surance coverage because they have their choice, including alternative frontier problems, because the situa- changed their jobs or they have gone medicine and chiropractors licensed by tion often develops that our people through a period of unemployment. the State. would like to deal with someone they When they go to a new job or they go I believe this legislation will make a know, not only as a physician but as an back to work, they find their health in- vital contribution to the well-being of insurance carrier. Catastrophic insur- surance is not available because when thousands of our people in my home ance is available through almost all they reapply, they now have a pre- State, who now have the prospect of small insurance firms. It is something existing condition which was covered losing health care for themselves and you can deal at home with, and have a under their prior insurance policy, but their families when there is an inter- strong relationship with a person who they lost coverage. I do not think ruption in their employment. has sold you the insurance. many people realize how many, many I urge the Senate to name conferees For that reason, I am pleased to be a individuals in a State like ours change and get this bill to conference and to cosponsor of the Kassebaum-Kennedy jobs, work part time, and find them- the President as soon as possible. This bill. I think it is high time Congress selves without coverage because of this should not be an election year political got around to passing this bill. problem of preexisting condition. issue. This is an issue which should rise I personally do not believe it should The Kassebaum-Kennedy bill is a above politics. I challenge anyone in be a right of any Senator to object to moderate, sensible approach to improv- the Senate to defend holding up this the appointment of conferees. I think ing our health insurance system. Its bill. that ought to be a matter of right of benefits will be felt by some 25 million Thank you, Mr. President. Mr. COVERDELL. Mr. President, I the leadership to say when conferees Americans in total, according to a re- thank the Senator from Alaska. I par- should be appointed, and they should port of the GAO. not be subject to any debate. We are I cannot believe that this could be a ticularly appreciate his knowledge of being held up now by a debate on program only for the rich, if it is going the parliamentary nature of this body and his expertise. When the Senator whether or not conferees should be ap- to apply to 25 million Americans. I can from Alaska says we have a bolt out of pointed. This is probably one of the say, without question, that it will af- whack on our policy here, the bolt is most important bills we will work on fect hundreds of thousands of Alas- probably out of whack. I join the Sen- during this Congress. Time is running kans, despite our small population. Of particular importance is that this ator in an effort to get that straight. out. Mr. President, the remarks of the This objection to allowing medical will make health insurance available Senator from Tennessee reminded me savings provisions in this bill is what is to Alaskans who are self-employed by of a friend in the medical practice that really holding up the Kassebaum-Ken- making it more affordable, by increas- I know in Georgia. Several years ago, ing the deduction for health insurance nedy bill. Under a compromise worked we were musing, and he talked about a premiums from the current 30 percent out by the House and the Senate, only time when the exchange might involve to 80 percent over a 10-year period. I do employers with 50 or fewer workers and something other than money. Some- not think anybody has mentioned that. those who are self-employed could par- body might offer, in some of the rural This will bring about a change. As we ticipate in medical savings accounts. areas of our State, crops or produce. He all know, currently self-employed peo- Most employers who have used medical said it was always a very serious nego- savings accounts that I have heard of ple can only deduct 30 percent of their tiation, determining what the cost of know them as the Senator from Ten- health insurance premiums. This bill the medical procedure would be. nessee indicated: Medical savings ac- before us now will gradually change Now, you are dealing with a far more counts concepts allow people to choose that so that discrimination against sophisticated process. But the Senator their own doctors, hospitals, and their self-employed people, as far as health from Tennessee makes me remember on form of care. They encourage pre- insurance premiums, is eliminated over that. He said that the customer—or the ventive health care and eliminate out- a 10-year period. patient—really paid attention when of-pocket costs. I might also mention a substantial they were about to contract for a med- Medical savings accounts allow peo- benefit to Alaskan seniors. Long-term ical service. He was convinced that ple to use their savings to buy other care insurance policies would receive that interaction between the patient forms of health insurance like nursing the same tax treatment as traditional and the doctor, and the patient and home coverage or long-term care. Med- health insurance under this bill. Unre- other medical providers, was the miss- ical savings accounts allow individuals imbursed long-term care expenses ing element and was a core reason for to control their own health care dollars would be treated as medical expenses the geometric escalation in medical and to support the free enterprise sys- for itemized deduction purposes—a costs. tem. change, Mr. President, which will make Senator GRAMM from Texas addressed There is just no question that this is a substantial change in the ability of this issue in the health care debate, a kind of provision that ought to be in people to pay for long-term care, par- and he said that if we bought groceries a health care insurance reform bill. It ticularly for the children of those peo- the way we buy medical services, he is a very limited one, very limited. It ple who need long-term care. They are would eat a whole lot better, and so will benefit thousands of Alaskans who the ones that are paying these ex- would his dog. change their jobs and lose their jobs, penses. Mr. President, we have been joined enabling them to maintain vitally im- This legislation will not affect the by the Senator from Utah, who chaired portant health insurance coverage for right of Alaskans to receive health the health care task force that the themselves and their families. care from chiropractors or alternative Senator from Alaska was referring to a In my State, Mr. President, 65 per- medicine people. My office has received moment ago. cent of our women of childbearing age a slew of telephone calls from Alaskans I yield up to 10 minutes to the Sen- work out of the home. They are women who fear this legislation because of the ator from Utah. that, because they go in and out of the fraud and abuse provisions added The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- work force in order to take time off to through the amendment to title V. ator from Utah is recognized. bear their children, often end up with- They feel that that amendment would Mr. BENNETT. Mr. President, I out insurance coverage during the very stop them from seeing a health pro- thank the Senator from Georgia. I am period of their life they really need it. vider of their choice, especially under interested that he refers to the Senator This medical savings account concept the Medicare Program. I think I should from Texas and his comment about ought to be involved in this law to help assure Alaskans and all Americans groceries, because I have a somewhat us meet the problems of those women that that is not true. I support the similar analogy that I think illustrates in our work force. right of Americans and my Alaskan the issue we are talking about here. It will also benefit Alaskans who people to seek health care from alter- Come with me in your mind’s eye, have the so-called preexisting condi- native health providers. This bill will Mr. President, to a job interview at an tions, which in the past have prevented allow Alaskans and all Americans to imaginary company that operates

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS June 21, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6641 under the principle that we use for We do not do that in health care. The emergency room admissions come to health insurance in this country today. health care circumstance is just as I less than $1,500.’’ I said, ‘‘How much ad- You are going through the interview, have described it with clothing. No, ministrative savings would you have if and you have arrived at a salary dis- you cannot decide that you want this you didn’t have to process insurance cussion and arrangement. You know kind of treatment because it is not cov- claims for that 80 percent of your busi- your job duties. Now you say to your ered under our plan. You cannot decide ness?’’ They said, ‘‘Good heavens, it prospective employer, ‘‘Tell me about you want this particular doctor. We would save us enormously.’’ the benefit package that you have.’’ have decided that we are going in an- We have a control group that we can Your employer says, ‘‘Well, Mr. FRIST, other direction. What if we did the refer to, Mr. President, that dem- we have a wonderful clothing care sys- same thing with health care that we do onstrates the wisdom of paying for tem here at XYZ Industries. You will with clothing, or food, or shelter, or things with cash as opposed to filing really like it. Clothing, of course, is ab- transportation, or any of the other ne- insurance claims for a flu shot, filing solutely essential to your survival. It cessities of life, and said, ‘‘You make insurance claims for an office visit, fil- goes back as long as civilization be- your own decisions and pay for it with ing an insurance claim for everything cause people have had to have clothing dollars that you have set aside in sav- that comes along. You may have heard to protect them from the elements. We ings’’? of it. I hope more people have heard of have the greatest clothing program in What if we recognized that we have, it. The Shriners Hospital system. The the world.’’ in fact, destroyed the insurance prin- Shriners are a fraternal organization You say, ‘‘Wonderful, I will come to ciple in health care by saying we are that raises money that it spends to work for XYZ Industries, and under not ensuring against risk; we are, in take care of children who cannot pay. your clothing benefit plan, I will be fact, paying for everything? The only requirement for you to get properly taken care of.’’ Then you Let me shift analogies for just a into a Shriners Hospital is that you do come to clothe your family and you are minute. I have said on the floor before not have the capacity to pay for the told, ‘‘Well, at XYZ, we cover two suits in the health care circumstance that I treatment. That is it. You have to be a year and one sport coat.’’ You say, have a homeowner’s policy on my sick, of course. But if you are sick, and ‘‘Well, I would like to buy two sport home, and it is a wonderful policy. If you do not have the capacity to pay for coats.’’ They say, ‘‘No, you cannot my house burns down, I get everything your treatment, you can get into a have it. Our benefit package only cov- I need. The paintings on the wall get Shriners Hospital. ers two suits and one sport coat. And, replaced. The silver in the drawers in Here are the numbers from the by the way, we only provide for black the kitchen gets replaced. The dishes, Shriners Hospital in Salt Lake City, shoes and not brown shoes to go with my clothes—everything that is de- UT: 4 percent of their budget goes for those suits. Now, under the benefits stroyed in the fire gets replaced. The administration; 96 percent goes for that are covered by our clothing plan, fire is a catastrophe. I have insurance health care. Why? Because they do not we will cover walking shoes, but not against catastrophe. But there is noth- deal with a single insurance company, running shoes. And there is a limit, of ing in my homeowner’s policy that cov- and they do not deal with a single Gov- course. We have cost containment, as ers the cost of mowing the lawn. There ernment agency. They do not have to clothing costs have been going through is nothing in my homeowner’s policy fill out any forms or screen anybody the roof. There is a limit on the num- that covers the cost of repainting the for eligibility beyond convincing them- ber of pairs of socks that will be cov- front door when the dog scratches it. selves that these people cannot pay. ered under your clothing plan that we Do you know how much my home- What is the cost of treatment in the have decided is the appropriate number owner’s policy would cost if I had to Shriners Hospital? Here is the number: of socks.’’ And you then get a memo file an insurance claim every time I $95 a day. I have said this, somehow through the mail that says, ‘‘Our cloth- wanted the lawn cut? ‘‘How do you pay, you are missing a decimal point. It has to be $950 a day. That is what it cost in ing costs at XYZ industries have gone Senator BENNETT, for the cost of mow- out of sight, and so we have changed to ing the lawn and painting the front a modern hospital: $95 a day because a clothing maintenance organization, door?’’ I have a savings account, and I they do not have any of these adminis- trative costs. It does not pass the Bob and now we have made a deal with pay American money to the son of my Newhart test. Sears Roebuck. You go down to Sears next door neighbor to come over and I ask unanimous consent that I Roebuck and they will provide all of mow the lawn. And insurance is re- might have another 3 minutes to ex- your clothing.’’ served for catastrophe. plain the Bob Newhart test. You have to go through a clothing I am insured against catastrophe, Mr. COVERDELL. Mr. President, I counselor, who will meet you when you and my insurance policy is very, very yield the Senator from Utah 3 minutes. walk through the door of Sears, and he reasonable. Why are we not smart Mr. BENNETT. Here is the Bob will size you up and may say, ‘‘Well, enough to do that with health care, and Newhart test. Have you ever heard Bob before we will replace the suit you are say, all right, the little things that we Newhart discuss, as if he had no pre- wearing, we will make the decision handle in health care we pay for out of vious experience at all, the smoking of that it has more wear left in it and, savings, and we have insurance to tobacco with Sir Walter Raleigh? therefore, we will not authorize a new cover the catastrophic circumstances? Bob Newhart is on the phone, and he suit until there is more wear and tear I have talked to insurance people. I is saying, ‘‘Let me get this straight, in the knees of the suit that you cur- have said, what is the number that we Walt. This is a weed, right? This has no rently have on.’’ need as a deductible in order to make food value, and you want to bring it That is how we will get some cost this kind of a system work? We have over here? Tell me, Walt, what do you containment and cost control. I could heard, for medical savings accounts, do? You roll it up? And, yeah, OK, go on and on. But I think you under- the figure of $3,000. The insurance peo- Walt. Now you stick it in your ear. stand, Mr. President, how absurd this ple say the difference between a $1,500 Right? No, no. You stick it in your looks to American workers and Amer- deductible and a $3,000 deductible is de mouth? Come on, Walt. What do you do ican wage earners. They would say, minimis. It really does not make that with it? You roll this weed up and stick ‘‘Please, Senator, eliminate this vision much difference. If you had a $1,500 de- it in your mouth? Yeah, Walt. You set and take us back to the present cir- ductible, you are only saving pennies, fire to it, and you start breathing the cumstance where our employer does in- if you go to a $3,000 deductible. fumes?’’ deed pay for all of our clothes, but he I then went to the leading hospital in Bob Newhart has made a great com- does it by giving us some money. And Salt Lake City. I said, ‘‘What would edy career out of doing that kind of we decide how many suits we want. We happen if every bill that was less than analysis of the stupidities of the things decide what color shoes we want. We $1,500 was paid for in cash?’’ They kind that we do in our lives. Our medical decide whether we want to shop at of blinked at me because they assumed system of insurance does not pass the Sears, or Nordstrom’s, or the Gap, or that everything that comes in gets Bob Newhart test. Wal-Mart, or wherever. Leave it up to paid for by filing an insurance claim. I have tried to put it in that context us to make the choices.’’ They said, ‘‘Senator, 80 percent of our by saying this is what would happen if

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S6642 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 21, 1996 we bought clothing the way we buy get health insurance reform legislation insurance. They want it enacted be- health care, if we had to file an insur- through, that this reform legislation cause they understand that it would ance claim for the cost of mowing the operates in a way so it minimizes Fed- limit the practice of denying health in- lawn, and everybody laughs. But that eral Government bureaucracy inter- surance coverage to people because of is where we are, and the people who are ference in the marketplace and in the preexisting conditions. opposing medical savings accounts are doctor-patient relationship, and that This legislation passed the House on the people who do not realize the ab- we eventually reduce the cost of health March 28. It passed the Senate on April surdity of the present circumstance, care. 23. We should have sent it to the Presi- who have gotten themselves in the I think every one of these are mo- dent weeks ago, Mr. President. Why mindset that since we have done it this tives for this legislation, in addition to have we not? way, this is the way it always has to creating a situation where people who We have not because some obstinate be. If you can only step back and look can afford health insurance and are de- Senators of the other party refuse to at it honestly, you realize how many nied health insurance because of pre- allow the conference between the problems you solve if you say that existing conditions will be able to have House and the Senate to proceed. They health insurance should be like car in- that guarantee of health insurance and refuse to allow it to proceed because surance and homeowners insurance and its renewability, and also for the indi- they oppose the medical savings ac- flood insurance and earthquake insur- viduals who find it difficult in bar- counts provisions. They refuse to allow ance and tornado insurance. Health in- gaining with the insurance companies it to proceed despite concessions on the surance should insure us against a ca- for an affordable package, and also for MSA provisions by the Republican tastrophe, just as we use money to small businesses that have a difficult leadership. They refuse to allow it to make the decision whether we want time doing that, that we allow these proceed because the President will not brown shoes or black shoes, just as we people to come together in health in- tell them he wants to sign it with an use money to make our own decisions surance purchasing cooperatives to be MSA provision in it. I say some Senators of the other on whether we want to replace the suit able to do this. So I thank the Senator party because many Members of the or wear a sport coat. We should use from Georgia for promoting this dis- other party have supported medical money to say, ‘‘I am going to get a flu cussion at this particular time. savings accounts. Many still do. Thir- shot; I am going to take care of this Regardless of all the good aspects of ty-eight Democrats in the House of hangnail; I am not going to file an in- this bill, there is one aspect holding it Representatives voted for the House surance claim with all of the adminis- up, and it is an aspect of the bill that I very much support, and that is the health insurance reform bill which in- trative costs connected with that.’’ cluded medical savings accounts. I un- It is just plain common sense, and it drive for the medical savings accounts. derstand the Democratic Representa- more than passes the Bob Newhart When I say it is a drive for medical sav- ings accounts, it is not a drive within tives BOB TORRICELLI and ANDY JACOBS test. wrote to the President 6 weeks ago to I thank the Chair. I yield the floor. Congress for medical savings accounts. urge him to support MSA’s. In the past, Mr. COVERDELL. Mr. President, I Medical savings accounts are an estab- leading members of the other party thank the Senator from Utah not only lished fact of the delivery of health have spoken favorably of MSA’s. Two for these remarks but for the extended care in America because they have short years ago, in 1994, Representative effort that he has made on the issue of been proven out there in the private GEPHARDT is quoted as saying on reform for our health care system. The sector, but they do not have the advan- CNBC: ‘‘I think its a great option.’’ Senator from Utah has dedicated tages that other types of health insur- Then, just today according to Congress ance or vehicles for paying for health many, many hours to that. Daily, a group of moderate-to-conserv- We have been joined by the Senator care have like their tax deductibility. ative Democrats in the House of Rep- from Iowa, and in a few moments we So if we are going to promote med- resentatives sent a letter to President are going to hear from him on this ical savings accounts which are proven Clinton asking him to sign off on the worthy and effective in the private sec- vital question. I do want to point out evolving GOP compromise on MSA’s. in the national journal Congressional tor already, then they ought to have I am having a hard time under- Daily this morning it says, ‘‘A group of the same tax treatment that a lot of standing why some Senators are put- moderate to conservative House Demo- other instruments we have used for a ting up such die-hard opposition to crats Thursday sent a letter to Presi- half century have had in order to give medical savings accounts, Mr. Presi- dent Clinton urging him to accept people effective health coverage. And dent. And I am having a hard time un- some form of compromise on medical so this debate is about medical savings derstanding why the President of the savings accounts in health insurance accounts. All the other good things in United States will not tell his troops in reform legislation.’’ The letter was au- this bill are kind of forgotten. All the the Senate that he will sign a bill with thored by Representative GARY CONDIT, attention is on medical savings ac- an MSA provision in it. Democrat of California, and it asks the counts, I think for one simple reason, Because they are a good idea. They President to sign off on the evolving and that one simple reason is that are basically IRA’s. Everybody under- Republican compromise already ac- there are people in Washington who stands IRA’s. Medical savings accounts cepted by Senate Labor and Human Re- still believe that Washington knows are IRA’s that can only be used to pay sources chairwoman, Senator KASSE- best, and they do not want a system of for medical care. Individuals who have BAUM of Kansas. medical savings accounts where the in- a medical savings account would also Mr. President, I am going to ask dividual is going to make the decision have to purchase conventional health unanimous consent the time under our of spending money on health care. insurance with a high deductible. This control be expanded by up to 5 min- They only think it can be a big insur- high deductible health insurance policy utes. ance company or some Washington bu- would protect them against truly cata- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without reaucrat that can make this judgment strophic health care costs. objection, it is so ordered. for the individual. The success of med- They are a good idea for several rea- Mr. COVERDELL. I now yield to the ical savings accounts proves that tradi- sons: Senator from Iowa for up to 10 min- tion wrong, the tradition that Wash- They should make health care cov- utes. ington knows best. And so we need this erage more dependable for those who The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- legislation. It should not be held up. have them because they are completely ator from Iowa is recognized. Mr. President, the American people portable. (Mr. COVERDELL assumed the are waiting for final action on the Ken- Medical savings accounts are easy to chair.) nedy-Kassebaum health insurance re- administer compared to conventional Mr. GRASSLEY. Mr. President, I form legislation. They have been wait- insurance or to managed care plans. congratulate each of my colleagues ing 2 full months. Therefore, administrative savings will under the leadership of the Senator The American people want this legis- be realized when people use them. from Georgia for discussing this very lation enacted because they understand They put the patient back into the important issue of making sure that we that it promises portability of health health care equation. People with

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS June 21, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6643 MSA’s would have complete freedom to sociation? Why are they supported by forms because of opposition to the choose their doctor. Because patients not just one, but several insurance medical savings account compromise would be spending their own money, companies? the Republican leadership is offering doctors would be under pressure to pro- A single insurance company? I do not them. vide economical treatment and to dis- think so, Mr. President. It is clear to The American people are going to get cuss with their patients the costs and anyone who wants to open their eyes. none of these reforms unless the Sen- the benefits of particular treatments to The medical savings account concept, ators obstructing the legislation stop a greater degree than they do now. and the specific provisions in the playing dog in the manger, and get out They would level the health insur- Kassebaum bill, are supported by a of the way so the American people can ance playing field by making the tax broad coalition of Americans. have the benefits of the legislation. treatment of health insurance fairer. Those holding up the bill say that The President needs to tell his troops Now, employers who pay for health in- MSA’s will be used only by the young in the Senate that he wants to see this surance for their employees get a tax and the healthy. They say that the sick bill enacted. He should tell his troops break for what they spend. The em- will prefer regular insurance or HMO’s. to let the conferees be appointed and to ployees get a tax break for what is es- Maybe they really believe it. But now accept the MSA compromise he’s been sentially compensation. But in those we have evidence to the contrary from offered. businesses which can not afford health a recent study by the Rand Corp. The Mr. BROWN addressed the Chair. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- insurance, neither the employer nor Rand study concluded that MSA’s ator from Colorado should be advised could be attractive to both the sick the employee gets tax help from the the next 90 minutes is controlled by Federal Government. The self-em- and the healthy. In fact, the Rand study concluded the Democrat leader or his designee. ployed, who pay for their own health Several Senators addressed the that MSA’s might not reduce health insurance, get no help from the Federal Chair. Government. care costs as substantially as MSA pro- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Medical savings accounts should in- ponents have claimed. Why not? Be- ator from Nevada. crease personal savings. The tax ben- cause they probably would be attrac- Mr. REID. Mr. President, I ask also efit associated with Medical savings tive to the sick. Furthermore, those since the time has gone over 12 min- accounts should be a strong incentive who are sick will probably prefer to utes or 13 minutes, let me extend it to save. have the unrestricted freedom of past the 12:30 hour so there is equal They will ultimately contribute to choice of doctor that would come with time for both. retirement savings for many people. In an MSA. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without the future, many people would become If the sick and the poor would use objection, it is so ordered. eligible for Medicare with substantial MSA’s, it hardly seems likely that f medical savings account balances. MSA’s would fragment the insurance HEALTH INSURANCE REFORM These could be withdrawn for any pur- pools because of adverse selection, an- pose at age 65. other concern of those opposed to Mr. REID. Mr. President, what we Finally, they will help cover long- MSA’s. have seen take place here in the last term care expenses because one of the Those holding up the Kassebaum leg- hour or 45 minutes is what has been permitted uses will be for the purchase islation argue that MSA’s would appeal going on in the Senate for the last 8 or of long-term care insurance. only to the wealthy. But Rand con- 10 months. We cannot do things quite Mr. President, the Republican con- cluded that the ‘‘median user would be perfect enough. There is always some gressional leadership has offered the only slightly wealthier than people in kind of a problem. President and the Democrats a com- conventional insurance plans and With the balanced budget, we agreed promise. The compromise would limit HMOs.***’’ Furthermore, a recent to a balanced budget but there was al- the opportunity to have an MSA to survey by the Marketing Research In- ways a poison pill that was involved. The poison pill with the balanced budg- where the core uninsurance problem stitute of 1,000 workers found that a et was Medicaid, Medicare, whacking is—in the small business community large majority of lower income work- the environment. It was not good and among the self-employed. ers, if given the choice, would choose enough that the President and Demo- Still, some Senate Democrats refuse MSA’s. crats agreed there would be a balanced to let us send the Kassebaum bill to What is really going on here, Mr. budget in 7 years using the figures the President. President, is that the Senators trying from the CBO. That was not good They say that the MSA provisions to stop medical savings accounts really enough. What they had to do was the are in the bill only as a pay-off to a do not want individual citizens to take majority had to ruin it. They ruined it charge of their own health care. They single insurance company. This is real- with their poison pills, with excessive do not want the system to be con- ly one of the most preposterous allega- cuts in Medicare and Medicaid. tions made in this debate. trolled and driven by individual con- Welfare reform—remember, we had a A single insurance company? Then sumers in cooperation with their doc- welfare reform bill. It passed here in a why are the MSA provisions supported tors. They are frightened to death that bipartisan basis. But the majority in by the farm community, including the medical savings accounts will prove so the House and Senate decided they American Farm Bureau Federation, popular with the citizenry that there wanted to block grant Medicaid. They Communicating for Agriculture, the will be an irresistible demand to make wanted to cut off a million disabled National Wheat Growers, the National them available to everybody. If that children from welfare. That made it so Grange, the National Milk Producers happens, their dream of a nationalized we could not pass welfare reform. Federation, and the National Cattle- health care system will be impossible Minimum wage, something that is man’s Beef Association? to realize. long overdue, about 90 percent of the Why are they supported by the small In any case, Mr. President, it seems American public think it is the fair business community, including the Na- to me that we can add medical savings thing to do, to increase the minimum tional Federation of Independent Busi- accounts to the things a great many wage, but, no, they have to tie on to nesses, the Business Coalition for Af- Americans want in the Kassebaum- that something called the TEAM Act, fordable Health Care which includes Kennedy health insurance reform bill. some kind of small business exemption the National Association of the Self- Many other Americans are probably which is a disguise, that is all it is, to, Employed, the U.S. Federation of more concerned about the Kassebaum in effect, gut the minimum wage. Ev- Small Business, the U.S. Business and bill’s portability provisions. Or about eryone knows the jobs in America are Industrial Council, the National Food the bill’s limits on the ability of insur- not created by General Motors, Lock- Brokers Association, and many other ers to deny coverage to people because heed and the big corporations, but by business groups. of preexisting conditions. These citi- small businesses. So what is the poison Why are the MSA provisions sup- zens are going to have a very hard time pill that the majority attaches to min- ported by many physician organiza- understanding why some Senators, and imum wage? We will make a small tions, led by the American Medical As- the President, are denying these re- business exemption with the minimum

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S6644 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 21, 1996 wage; we will do indirectly what we the poison pill thrown in there with their job to help maintain health cov- cannot do directly. the small business exemption; we are erage. So everything that comes out that is not talking about welfare reform, the We can pass this bill today, Monday, good for the American public, the ma- poison pill there block-granting Med- Tuesday, Wednesday of next week if jority throws in a poison pill. They icaid and eliminating about a million the majority will agree to stop loading have done it with their small business handicapped children. No, what we are this bipartisan bill with amendments exemption with the minimum wage. doing now is we have another poison that can be debated at another time. They have done it with the TEAM Act. pill with health care reform that is the Mr. President, there is a real ques- We should be on the floor here, talk- medical savings accounts. We are not tion about what we are doing here. ing about the things that we do on a bi- willing to test, do a pilot project on What are the dangers of MSA’s? Some partisan basis. The American public is medical savings accounts. We want it of the concerns I have, that I hope with not concerned about big government or all. If we cannot get it all we are going the demonstration project can be over- small government, they are concerned to ruin portability and preexisting con- ridden, is that they siphon off the about good government. And good gov- ditions. healthy and the wealthy and the ernment means we must act together. I, personally, believe that medical young. They fragment and undermine We could do that with health care re- savings accounts should be tested. I the current insurance market, and form. Everyone knows that on the Ken- think there is some merit to them. We they cause premiums to rise for others. nedy-Kassebaum bill the senior Sen- should have a demonstration to project They discourage cost-saving preventive ator from Massachusetts represents to see what the benefits and drawbacks care. They lack consumer protections. one constituency, the senior Senator are of MSA’s. But the insurance reform They increase employer health care from the State of Kansas represents bill which the Senate overwhelmingly spending, and they cost taxpayers, another constituency, and they got to- passed did not contain MSA’s and the some say, almost $2 billion. In fact, gether. People who are senior Members addition of MSA’s is now preventing a who says that is the Joint Committee of this body got together and came up bipartisan step toward real health care on Taxation. What the majority will not talk with a bill that was not everything reform. We failed to pass real health about today on this floor, or any other that everyone needed, that did not care reform 2 years ago. But we did time, about MSA’s and the reason, per- take care of all the problems with learn something at that time. We must haps, they are unwilling to go forth health care delivery in this country, approach health care reform step by with a demonstration project, is that but certainly it went a long way to an- step. We cannot get everything we the MSA provision added in the House swer two of the major problems that want. But it seems the majority is say- bill contains no standards for high-de- face the American public and that is, ing we want everything that we think ductible catastrophic plans that ac- what do we do about portability of is appropriate. If we do not get it, we company these MSA’s, forcing many health insurance and what do we do are going to kill health care reform. individuals to pay more in out-of-pock- about preexisting conditions? The Kennedy-Kassebaum bill pri- et costs than they might expect. The Kennedy-Kassebaum bill took marily targets two hurdles to insur- care of that. It basically said we can Here are some costly facts about this ance coverage for the American public: catastrophic insurance plan that the help get portable insurance. If you Hurdle No. 1, preexisting conditions; have a job and you have insurance and majority will not be talking about dur- No. 2 is portability. By addressing ing this debate. For example: Once the you quit your job, leave your job, you these two major barriers to insurance can take your insurance with you. If deductible is reached, not all costs are coverage we can help 25 million Ameri- covered. you have a preexisting condition you cans. Even after an individual or family can have an insurance company insure We can stand on this floor and debate meet their high-deductible, most cata- you. They cannot refuse you. Everyone for weeks, months how good or bad strophic plans require a copayment for in America has had conditions with MSA’s are. But let us do that and at health care services. The majority family, loved ones or neighbors, who the same time take care of 25 million wants individuals to think all their have problems with preexisting condi- Americans and take care of preexisting health care will be covered. That is not tions. It may be a bad back, it may be conditions and portability. the fact. They think they should be diabetes—these conditions are such the The Kennedy-Kassebaum bill is a covered free of charge once the high de- insurance companies simply turn peo- straightforward measure combining ductible is finally reached. It just will ple down. The Kennedy-Kassebaum bill items from the 1994 health care debate not happen. said no, you cannot do that anymore. that are both noncontroversial and bi- Also, only medically necessary serv- Here we go again, just like as has partisan. We should not be holding up ices are covered. So many of these happened for the past 18 months. We this bill with a debate over MSA’s. plans only pay for those medical ex- have something which can solve a prob- I think, when it is all said and done, penses that are medically necessary. lem on a bipartisan basis and another after we do the demonstration projects, As determined by whom? Of course, by poison pill comes along. This time it is I think I would probably support that all-knowing insurance company. MSA’s. Mr. President, MSA’s is some- MSA’s. Furthermore, insurers may count thing we should take a look at. Every- But we really do not know just now. only medically necessary services de- one has acknowledged, on the minority Why do we not go ahead and pass what fined as indicated by the insurer to- side, we are willing to take a look at is good, and that is Kennedy-Kasse- ward the deductible. If it is not covered MSA’s. Let us do a pilot project. Let us baum. The majority attempts to add by the insurer, the individual will get see how they would work. Everything MSA’s to the benefit, some say, of spe- no credit for the payments they have that has been said about MSA’s by the cial interests. I think that this special- made toward the deductible. majority may be right. I mean, I think interest legislation may just be threat- We heard a lot 2 years ago when we we should take a look at it. They may ening the coverage of preexisting con- debated health care reform, and one of be right. But whether they are right or ditions and portability, because this is the things that the health insurance wrong, why do we not go ahead and do the poison pill they found to kill that industry—and their spending over $100 what Kennedy-Kassebaum originally program. million in advertising trying to confuse said we should do, take care of port- If the majority is serious about help- and frighten the American public, ability and take care of preexisting ing millions of Americans maintain which they did—one of the things they conditions? That would go a long way their health coverage, they should talked about a lot was people would to solving the problems of health care abandon their attempts to attach this lose their choice of physicians. Well, delivery in America today. overall, all-encompassing MSA provi- those in the majority should under- No, we cannot do that because now sion to S. 1028. stand that here is a question with we are not talking about a balanced The debate today is not about MSA’s. MSA’s about whether you lose your budget and ruining that with Medicare That can wait for another day. The de- choice of physician. and Medicaid devastating cuts; we are bate is about whether Congress is going Individuals are free to choose their not talking about minimum wage and to help individuals who change or lose own doctors while paying for medical

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS June 21, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6645 care in full. However, under their in- our colleagues this morning, and over anced budget, we agree on all the surance plan, they may have to pay the last few days; and that have also terms. The President agrees to the more to stay with their own family been raised in a number of their state- year 2002, to use Congressional Budget physician. Many catastrophic plans re- ments and speeches and press releases Office figures. Welfare reform passed quire individuals to use specific doc- in the newspapers. here, I do not know, almost 100 to 0, big tors, and if they are not willing to use Mr. REID. Will the Senator yield for numbers, 80, a vast, vast majority pass- specific doctors, they pay more, there- a question prior to my leaving the ing it, and suddenly we have block by adding unexpected costs after meet- floor? granting of Medicaid and cutting off ing that high deductible. Mr. KENNEDY. Yes, I yield. handicapped children. The minimum Another problem we need to look Mr. REID. I say to my friend, who wage, which 90 percent of the American at—and the reason we think there has had a lot of experience in this public wants. We have the small busi- should be a demonstration project and body, if the medical savings account ness exemption. Is it just me or does we should go forward with portability provision were dropped, how long do the Senator see a pattern here that we and preexisting conditions and leave you think it would take to pass this are not being able to pass meaningful this debate for a later day, and that bill? legislation in this body because of later day would be based upon having a Mr. KENNEDY. I think, as suggested these poison pills? demonstration project or projects by the Senator’s question, I think we Mr. KENNEDY. I will add to the Sen- where we would have all the informa- could pass that in just a few moments ator’s list. We have a very important tion that can answer these questions here in the Senate. I expect that would program to which Senator KASSEBAUM that are being raised today by this be true in the House of Representatives provided great initiative. It had been worked out over the period of the last Senator—exclusions to services cov- as well. It would pass well within a day 2 to 3 years in human resources, to re- erage. and be on the President’s desk by to- Many of these plans currently on the morrow and put into effect to protect structure and reorganize all the youth market today contain a long list of the 25 million Americans who have training and job training programs, to eliminate—there are 148 different pro- services not covered by the plan. Some some disability and give protections to grams, $20-odd billion in those pro- plans exclude pregnancy and routine millions of Americans who are moving grams, 11 different agencies, and we newborn care among their exclusions. from job to job to guarantee that port- had tried to work to consolidate those Individuals would be responsible for ability. programs. It overwhelmingly passed in the cost of these services, even if the The Senator is accurate in his ques- the Senate by more than 90 votes. I deductible has been reached. Should we tions. Why aren’t we doing today what think it was 92 to 4 or something of not look at this in a demonstration was passed out of our committee with that nature. Now we find out that we project? a unanimous vote of Republicans and Democrats several months ago; and are stalemated in the conference. I say to my friends in the majority, if We passed our immigration bill. That passed the Senate of the United States you can answer all these questions, was passed in a bipartisan way by more by 100 to 0, and could pass the Senate then we should all be here joining arms than 90 votes. It is so interesting lis- of the United States by 100 to 0 again and going with MSA’s. Why do we not tening to my Republican colleagues this afternoon? We could send it to the pass what we think is good? That is, talk about the inappropriateness by President to be signed into law and the portability, preexisting conditions. some of us to resist a stacked deck of provide relief to the 25 million Amer- Another problem: Employers are not conferees, when I happen to be a con- ican families that have some pre- required to contribute to the savings feree on the immigration bill, and have existing condition and know that they account. There is nothing in the House never even been invited to a single con- will be excluded from any kind of bill to require employers to contribute ference, while the Republicans are an amount to cover the deductible or health insurance; or know that if they meeting day after day. make a contribution at all, forcing the stay with a small group, that the costs Or whether it has been on the issue of individual to cover much, if not all, of for their insurance will go through the health care, there are a whole series of their medical expenditures. roof; or that they will be excluded or different items that we have passed Finally, with a demonstration canceled. They could be canceled after overwhelmingly. And now they are get- project, we could determine if employ- having paid into their insurance pro- ting caught up, whether it is immigra- ers could contribute to the premium gram for a lifetime under the existing tion or the job training or the health cost or merely provide information rules. care program. They have all passed about plans available. Individuals We heard a lot of talk about freedom overwhelmingly. Now for some reason, alone may have to cover the cost of the here this morning and over the last few as the Senator points out, there is a de- insurance again. days. Well, there will be freedom for sire to refuse to permit the process to So, I say the time is here to help mil- the insurance company to drop that work. lions, 25 million people. Let us set up family. There will not be freedom for There was enough credit in here for some demonstration projects around the family to look after a child that our Republican friends. They could get the country and see if the MSA’s work, has cancer. There will not be freedom a share of the credit. It is true that and then pass quickly, on a bipartisan for a husband to look after a wife who this President has supported this pro- basis, the Kennedy-Kassebaum bill. has breast cancer. But there will be gram. The American people have elect- That is what we should do. It would freedom for the insurance company to ed this President. They might not like provide protection for 25 million Amer- drop them. that. But the President ought to be en- icans who need that protection. So I hope we will have an oppor- titled to sign those pieces of legislation Mr. KENNEDY addressed the Chair. tunity to talk a little bit about what and not have that successful effort of The PRESIDING OFFICER. The freedom really means. It is bandied bipartisanship, which had been part of Chair recognizes the Senator from Mas- around here loosely and generally by this effort here, to be effectively de- sachusetts. people who have been in the vanguard nied. So I thank the Senator for raising Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. President, I yield of undermining Medicare and Medicaid this point because it is an extremely such time as I might use. I ask the and protection for children. But I will important one. Chair to notify me when 20 minutes is get to that in a few moments. Mr. President, let me just start off by up. Mr. REID. I ask the Senator one observing that what this issue is really The PRESIDING OFFICER. The more question. Does the Senator see a all about, is to see where we are in the Chair will advise the Senator when 20 pattern, as I see a pattern, that during course of this debate and discussion on minutes is up. the past 18 months the majority, every the underlying legislation, the Kasse- Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. President, I rise time we are on the verge of passing baum-Kennedy bill. As I pointed out on on the floor of the Senate to address something meaningful, that a poison other occasions, this legislation was the issues of medical savings accounts. pill is thrown into the mix? developed with the leadership of Sen- I want to address some of the observa- We passed Kennedy-Kassebaum 100 to ator KASSEBAUM in the wake of the 1994 tions that have been made by some of 0, and suddenly we have MSA’s. A bal- debate on comprehensive health care. I

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00013 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S6646 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 21, 1996 hope comprehensive health care is still going to take it our way or no way.’’ ing homes. We will take those guaran- an objective of the American people. I That is what this debate and discussion tees and those protections away from know that there are those in this body is about. them. We will take those away from who believe that we should not, as a Who are those wonderful Members? them, and we are going to also take matter of national policy, try to get Whose interests are being advanced by away the various additional protec- quality health care for the American the medical savings accounts? Well, let tions for children under the Medicaid people that they can afford. I know us see who is on their side and who is Program—5 million.’’ that this is an offensive idea to many saying, ‘‘No. We shouldn’t go ahead. Find me one Senator that has spoken of them. Consider the MSA’s at another time.’’ out in opposition to medical savings I still believe that we ought to find Who are the ones that are saying, accounts; not one of them this morning ways to accomplish this in a manner ‘‘Go ahead. Please, Congress, go ahead voted against knocking 5 million chil- that maximizes the involvement of the and pass the Kassebaum-Kennedy dren out of our Medicaid system, 85 individual and the private sector. In bill’’? Who are they? They are the orga- percent of whose parents work 40 hours the areas where there are gaps there nizations that represent the disabled a week, 52 weeks of the year. Do not would be a public role, particularly for individuals in this country. We made tell us who is on whose side in terms of the neediest individuals in our country. progress with the Americans With Dis- protecting Americans’ health care. I am referring to working families and abilities Act. We have made progress Each and every one of them that spoke their children who are on the lower on disability policy with regard to edu- out here this morning were prepared to rungs of the economic ladder. Families cation. We have made progress in men- cut out children in the Medicaid Pro- that work hard 40 hours a week, 52 tal health research at NIH. gram. weeks a year, knowing that their child Who are those that are saying, ‘‘Put They have cut back about 20 percent is without health insurance. They this off to another day?’’ Is it all of the of the mental health assistance pro- worry that their child will be injured representatives of the disability gram. They permitted double buying of playing in a sport or will fall from a bi- groups. I challenge the other side. I our elderly people under the Medicare cycle, or have a skating accident, and challenge the other side, next time Program when it came back from the they will not have the resources to be they organize and put out their brief- conference report. able to pay for medical care. We need ing sheets so that they will all have It goes on and on. And all for what? To take those savings and give them to provide relief from that kind of anx- the same talking points in the morn- for tax breaks—tax breaks. Who are iety. ing, answer the question. Tell us which I know that I will still feel strongly leaders in the disability groups are sup- you kidding about your concern about about that as long as I am in the U.S. porting your program. Give us one or- freedom and competition in the health Senate. We have not been able to do ganization. We are not asking for 10 or care system when you are busy that yet. But, Mr. President, as I have 5. Give us one organization—one orga- undoing the present program, when pointed out on other occasions, under nization—that supports your position. your Republican leader in the House of Representatives, Mr. GINGRICH, said the leadership of Senator KASSEBAUM, Just give us one organization. you want to have Medicare wither on what we have effectively done is taken Who do you want to stand with? The the vine, and the Republican nominee the common elements in all the var- Golden Rule Insurance Co.? They left has indicated he is proud of the fact he ious proposals of Republicans and the State of Vermont when it outlawed voted against Medicare in the begin- Democrats. I remind my Republican their abusive practices that were so ning, and he has restated it again. egregious that they nearly constituted friends, go back and read Bob Dole’s We are supposed to believe those in- fraud. programs. Read JOHN CHAFEE’s pro- dividuals who do not believe in Medi- We will have Members come out here, grams or read the other Republican care, who have been assaulting Medi- ‘‘We will document the fraud and spend programs. care, who have been assaulting Med- They will find that portability and time going over that.’’ icaid and protections for children and also preexisting conditions provisions I suggest to my colleagues they go senior citizens, that, all of a sudden, over and read how they left the State were common to all of those. How here they are, they are so concerned, of Vermont. They are the principal many times do we have to repeat those because certain Senators will not per- supporters, they are the principal statements by the Republican Presi- mit us to try out a new program, a new gainers in medical savings accounts. dential nominee that said: Let us just program that is allegedly going to pro- We know that. They have already con- try and find the common ingredients vide freedom. and pass them. He said it before. He tributed hundreds and thousands of This Senator is not going to let them said it on the floor. He has said it re- dollars, over a $1.5 million to our Re- have the freedom to go to the Federal peatedly. That is all we are trying to publican friends, to our Republican Treasury, because that is what you are do here: find the common ground, and friends that are the principal spokes- asking about. They can have all the pass legislation. That is what we did in men for the medical savings accounts. freedom today to sell their medical our Labor Committee. That is what we All right, so they have the Golden savings account. did on the floor of the U.S. Senate. Rule that supports it. Who else? Find Understand this: My colleagues who That is what we should be doing here us a serious senior citizen group. Find have been complaining about our posi- this afternoon. The President ought to us one. The elderly understand what tions on medical savings accounts, be signing these provisions into law. this is all about. They understand what they can go out and sell them today, And every day we delay, Mr. President, is going on here. They understand that and some of them do. But, no, no, that every hour we delay, we are saying to the principal critics of the position is not what they want. They want the those families, 25 million American that we are supporting here today are freedom to go into the Federal Treas- families, ‘‘No. We’re more interested in the same ones that want to cut back on ury, put their hand in the pocket of the politics, the politics of this issue.’’ the Medicare Program. every working family and the pocket- If you want to have an MSA program I watched very briefly the debate book of every working family. What do that goes beyond a demonstration that here this morning. They are the prin- we mean by all that? is a true test, bring it up tomorrow. cipals that voted aye in cutting back Mr. REID. Will the Senator yield? Bring it up next week. Let us debate the Medicare Program, to raise the pre- Mr. KENNEDY. I will finish this one that issue at another time. But why miums, double the deductibles. Where thought. tag it on here? Why tag it on here? were all of these voices when we were It is very interesting that the Joint Why are you not going to give that talking about protecting Americans for Tax Committee estimates that the relief for 25 million Americans? ‘‘We’re freedom? They were stripping away the costs to the Federal Treasury would be going to deny you, workers, hard-work- standards to protect the elderly in the $3 billion in additional deficits over a ing Americans. We’re going to deny nursing homes. Where were all those 10-year period. you because we want it our way. We voices then? ‘‘We want to protect free- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The want a stacked conference committee. dom, but we will not protect freedom Chair advises the Senator from Massa- And we’re telling you now, we’re either for the senior citizens that go to nurs- chusetts he has used 20 minutes.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS June 21, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6647 Mr. KENNEDY. I yield myself 10 min- Speaker of the House of Representa- for the disabled or for the consumers in utes additional. tives, we have heard from the majority this country? Find a consumer organi- The Federal Treasury says the addi- leader of the House of Representatives. zation that wants to go down to the tional deficits for 10 years is $3 billion; I think it indicates where they stand rope with the medical savings ac- $3 billion for a test with one million on Medicare and Medicaid, and I think counts, full-blown medical savings ac- people. the reference made to how they feel counts, which are untested, untried. What is the suggested program that about health care reform is pretty They used to have the old adage in is being supported by Mr. GINGRICH? clear, is it not? medicine to ‘‘do no harm.’’ Well, this is Mr. President, 43 million American Mr. KENNEDY. It certainly is, Sen- a turkey, Mr. President, that has not working families. That is a test? Three ator. I appreciate you bringing to- been tried, has not been tested, and billion for one million people—he is gether these points. But the point could cause premiums to go up. It is a talking about a range of 43 million about it is, we are trying to determine threat to insurance that exists for mil- Americans. It is the freedom of Golden who is on whose side here. Who is on lions of Americans at this time. That is Rule to put its hand in the Federal the side of working families, and who is believed to be so. Treasury and take out billions of dol- on the side of the special interests? We are asked to buy this pig in a lars. That is the freedom that those in- Special interests, Golden Rule. Special poke. We are saying, let us debate it dividuals are talking about in terms of interests, Golden Rule. and discuss it at another time. Let us medical savings account. What I was mentioning just a mo- agree on what is a reasonable test and I am happy to yield to the Senator. ment or two ago is that we have chal- pilot. Many of those who support the Mr. REID. Mr. President, the Senator lenged the other side to find out any Kassebaum-Kennedy bill do not even has been talking about freedom. I have reputable group that represents the think we ought to do that. But there a quote that the Senator did make, and disabled, who are at such risk from the are Members on our side and on that I ask if the Senator recalls this state- cutbacks proposed by our Republican side, as well, that think we ought to ment having been made from the ma- friends, find the senior citizens, and have a trial and a test. I would not op- jority leader of the U.S. House of Rep- come back here this afternoon after pose that trial and test if it meant the resentatives, DICK ARMEY, who says, our time is up, and give us those exam- passage of this bill. But, I will tell you, ‘‘Medicare has no place in a free ples of those senior organizations. Give I am not going to buy on and sign on world.’’ us those quotes of our seniors that say for an untested, untried program that Do you recall that statement having that this is a good idea. can threaten—not only will wealthy in- been made by the majority leader of You cannot get them. They are not dividuals just be able to purchase it, the House of Representatives saying, there. They are not there. They are not and healthy individuals will benefit by ‘‘Medicare has no place in a free there from the disabled groups. They it, but I am not going to represent to world’’? are not there from the seniors groups. people in my State who have some Mr. KENNEDY. It has a familiar ring They are not there from the represent- health insurance today and risk their to it, Senator. atives of workers—the 128 million premiums escalating and going out of Mr. REID. Just so there is no mis- American families that are working in sight. understanding, I want to state what this country and their principal rep- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- was said by the Republican nominee for resentatives—you cannot get it. Then ator has used his additional 10 minutes. the U.S. Presidency in October of last do not bring that phony mine workers Mr. KENNEDY. I yield myself 7 more year: ‘‘I was there fighting the fight’’— study that you have. You keep trotting minutes, Mr. President. a direct quote—‘‘one of 12 voting that mine workers study out, and it is Mr. President, I will just mention against Medicare, because we knew it absolutely wrong. They have denied it here, this is sort of an isolated posi- wouldn’t work in 1965.’’ and said it is completely inaccurate tion. I ask those who come and are ad- Is that the reference that the Sen- and wrong. dressing the status of this where we are ator made? So, Mr. President, on the one side we with this issue. Mr. KENNEDY. It is exactly the ref- have the disabled, the elderly, the rep- Today, we found that the House lead- erence. We have leaders that are now resentatives of the working, and the er, Mr. ARMEY, urged the White House out there every day with their mimeo- principal spokesman for children. Why to ‘‘call off Senator KENNEDY on the graph machines saying those really children? Because what you are going health care bill.’’ And then, ‘‘Why is blocking this program are the same to find out is that, under these pro- Senator KENNEDY stopping health care ones that were opposing the Medicare grams, they will not pay for preventive reform?’’ Program before, oppose it now, cutting care programs for children. It is going Then we had the Business Coalition back and putting at risk our senior to discourage preventive care, which is for Affordable Health Care, an ad hoc citizens, and also other health pro- a scandal for children in our country— committee established 3 years ago to grams of this past budget. an absolute scandal. With our infant lobby against the President’s com- Mr. REID. Briefly, does the Senator mortality being the 18th or 20th—or prehensive health care. They say, from Massachusetts recognize this di- 22d, I guess, this year, in terms of the ‘‘Senator KENNEDY is killing the health rect quote by the Speaker of the House world. The fact is that we produce 80 care bill today to socialize American in October of last year: percent of the vaccines in the world, medicine tomorrow.’’ I did not believe, Now, we didn’t get rid of it in round one and we still have a quarter of the chil- when we had a 100 to 0 vote, that those because we didn’t think it was politically dren not vaccinated. We are still not supporting the Kassebaum-Kennedy smart, but we believe Medicare is going to providing the comprehensive screening bill were going on to socialized medi- wither on the vine. for children. cine. Is that the reference the Senator was Those numbers are being reduced You better get it straight, Business making? every year in the last 4 years. The Coalition. We had a 100 to 0 vote on the Mr. KENNEDY. The Senator is ex- number of uninsured children in my position that I take today, saying the actly correct. They are the ones that State of Massachusetts—160,000—has bill that passed in the Senate should be want to put these medical savings ac- doubled. It has doubled in the last 4 passed now, today. And you are saying, counts in, same ones that want to do years. Have we heard any of those peo- ‘‘Senator KENNEDY is killing the bill in that. ple that are out there now saying they order to socialize medicine’’? Mr. REID. I will close by giving the want medical savings accounts? Where All I want to do is pass what we direct quote of the majority leader of were they when we were talking and passed. Then we have the Coalition for the U.S. House of Representatives: battling about children and the prior- Patient Choice. It is interesting that Medicare has no place in a free world. So- ities earlier this year? Where were they they all came out the same day. In- cial Security is a rotten trick. I think we are speaking about it? Oh, no, we want cluded in that was, ‘‘Yes, KENNEDY going to have to bite the bullet on Social Se- freedom, medical savings accounts. We would kill health reform. He still curity and phase it out over time. want freedom. wants big government.’’ Now, we have heard from the Repub- Now, Mr. President, is this just the All I want is what Senator KASSE- lican nominee, we have heard from the position of those that allegedly speak BAUM stated that she wants, too, on

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S6648 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 21, 1996 health care. Also, we have the Eagle to get in and debate this, and will at and then does not pay anything above Forum. That is a well-known organiza- any length at any time that they want it. Are there any out of pocket limits tion on health care, and the Christian to. The fact of matter is we mentioned in the MSA’s? I hope that those who Coalition, and Phyllis Schlafly knows a 15 or 20 recent editorials, and they are are supporting it are talking about it. lot about it. She has testified fre- in there every day. Maybe we ought to Is the sky the limit? No. There are no quently on health care. Then the list come up—I think I will—and start put- out of pocket limits as there are in goes on. You can expect it from the Re- ting them in from every part of the many of the insurance companies at publican National Committee. The list country representing every different the present time; an important con- goes on. group. sumer issue. Maybe our friends who are Well, Mr. President, I would ask Why is it that just the Republican so enamored of this great freedom of those groups to take a look at some of National Committee and the Business getting into the Federal Treasury are these editorials, take a look at the Coalition and Phyllis Schlafly care going to talk about that issue. Washington Post editorial by Robert more about the American health care Mr. President, is there anything in Samuelson and his analysis on MSA’s. system than all of the other kinds of their bill that requires the insurer to Look at the L.A. Times editorial on commentaries that are coming from all cover all the services that they need? June 6. Take a look at the New York parts of America and from all different One of the continual choruses that we Times on May 30. Take a look at the groups? Why are all these people heard last year from those that are op- Dallas Morning News. Take a look at wrong? And they are right? posed to health insurance was, ‘‘Let us the Baltimore Sun of April 25. Take a Finally, Mr. President, I would just have the list of services that are cov- look at the Washington Post on June 3. hope that when our friends come out to ered.’’ Are they prepared to give us the Take a look at the June 13, Tacoma, talk about this issue I hope they will services that are going to be covered? I WA, News Tribune: come out and address some of the ques- cannot tell you how often we heard Stick to the basics in the New Health Bill. tions that are raised about this pro- that talked about, and we provided gram. They have a $5,000 deductible It says: that last year. Do you think any of us and $7,500 per couple. Are we to assume have any idea about what services are Many medical economists warn MSAs that the employer is going to provide would be used mostly by healthy and more going to be covered and what are going affluent people, leaving older and sicker peo- the money up to $5,000? Absolutely not. to be excluded before we put in a pro- ple in the common insurance pool. That It is not in their program. If it is, they gram that is going to raise the Federal would force insurance rates up for everybody ought to come on out and tell us. Who Treasury and maybe applicable to a else . . . The original Kassebaum-Kennedy do they think is going to contribute third of the working families of this bill was a good one. More than 20 million the $5,000? Guess who? The workers are country? Absolutely not. No one has Americans would benefit from its modest re- going to contribute, and then the talked about that. forms. Save the fight over MSAs for the next workers will be able to take back. How What services are going to be cov- Congress . . . many working families are going to be ered? Are they going to be different Come on, Mr. President. Do you able to afford $5,000 per individual, or from what the IRS recognizes as being think the News Tribune is for social- $7,500 in their family to put that aside? a legitimate medical deduction if an ized medicine? Come on. Come on. Freedom? Freedom? individual has medical expenses? Is Here is the San Francisco Chronicle Come on. this going to mean that is going to be article of June 10: Then what happens if the doctor a contribution to the deductible, or the There may well be some merit to MSAs to charges $8,000 but the insurance com- co-pay for the purposes of insurance? the extent they encourage health consumers pany only recognizes $5,000 because of a That is going to make a lot of dif- to be more cost-conscious. But that possible fee schedule? Will the insurance com- ference to a lot of families. Maybe they benefit is still outweighed by the virtual cer- pany help you out? How about answer- tainty that MSAs would encourage healthy could elaborate a little bit on some of and wealthy Americans—those who could af- ing that question. I am waiting to hear this. ford the high-deductible catastrophic cov- the answer. Will that insurance cover Mr. President, is there anything in erage—to abandon the prevailing insurance that particular problem? Are there no the bill that requires the employer to system, making it even more expensive for limits? Are there no lifetime ceilings? I contribute one thin dime to MSA’s to the poorer and less healthy Americans left am waiting to hear the answer. You do cover the $5,000? I hope they will ad- behind. not hear them talk about the sub- dress that. Are they saying that with The Harrisburg Patriot wrote: stance of this proposal. You do not the $5,000 deductible that the employer While the idea of medical savings accounts hear them talk about that because it is is going to contribute to and give bene- has a lot of appeal on the surface, the Con- not there. All you have to do is look at fits to the working families to begin to gressional Budget Office, the National Asso- what the Golden Rule Insurance Co. say, ‘‘OK, that is not such a bad deal’’? ciation of Insurance Commissioners, and has done and other companies are Absolutely not. Absolutely not. They other experts in health insurance have doing. They stop there, and the person warned that it poses dire consequences for are not saying that they will provide the overall health care system. MSAs would is stuck with the additional. The de- one nickel up to the $5,000. remove significant amounts of money from a ductible is not the same thing as a cap. So, Mr. President, I welcome the pool of funds that go to pay the Nation’s How much will the individual have to chance to go through these questions health care bill, while their tax-deductibility pay after they finally reach the $5,000? because we ought to have a good dis- would pose another drain on the Treasury Mr. President, I hope our friends who cussion and debate. Certainly before we . . . They ought to be considered separately. are supporting their position over put in anything like this, we ought to A June 10, Columbus Dispatch arti- there about the MSA’s tell us about have the answers to some of these cle, entitled ‘‘Clean Health Bill; Get the deductible. How much does the in- questions. We do not have them now. Rid of Those Two Killer Amendments,’’ dividual have to pay after they finally We do not have them; no Senate hear- says that MSA’s could ‘‘appeal only to reach the $5,000? Does that mean there ings, no report, no deep analysis, noth- healthy people, throwing seriously ill is no co-pay? I have not heard them ing—nothing except the strong lob- people into a pool whose costs would talk about that. They are trying to bying of the Golden Rule. escalate. This proposal should be in suggest that once you get to $5,000 you Mr. President, when you put in the separate legislation, so the clamor it are not going to have a co-pay. They MSA’s you are providing, the way that kicks up would not endanger the find the Golden Rule Insurance Co. this is structured at the present time, Kassebaum-Kennedy bill.’’ does not guarantee. That is not guar- a lavish tax break for the rich, the These are just a sample of the com- anteed by their proposal. What is going handout to the Golden Rule Insurance mentary from around the Nation. It is to be the co-pay on that $5,000? Why do Co.; the threat to the existing health time for Republicans to stop playing you not talk about out of pocket lim- insurance premiums for working Amer- special interest politics. its? What are ‘‘out of pocket limits’’? icans. I welcome being their target quite Out of pocket limits occur in most of Make no mistake about it, Mr. Presi- frankly, Mr. President. I do not resent all of the programs that are out there— dent, after this goes into effect, the it. If they want to target me, I am glad that an individual pays up to so high next thing they are going to do is move

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS June 21, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6649 it over into Medicare. Our seniors un- ings accounts in the form proposed by policy would not pay. Under a conven- derstand that. The seniors understand the House Republicans are too extreme tional current plan, their costs would that. The relentless assault and attack and have no place in this consensus be limited to $2,000 or less. on the Medicare Program. It just does bill. Instead of attacking the Democratic not stop. They go at it any which way Medical savings accounts are an un- messengers who bring this bad news, they can. They went at it in this last tested idea. Their great danger is that why don’t the House Republicans ex- Congress, and are continuing now with they are likely to raise premiums and plain to the American people why their these unjustified cuts because they make health insurance unaffordable for plan has no stop-loss requirement? How wanted tax breaks for the wealthy. large numbers of citizens. Medical sav- can they possibly defend their view it’s Now they are at it again. ings accounts will clearly discourage all right to make a family pay $7,500 So, Mr. President, I welcome the preventive care and raise health care before their insurance covers them at chance to speak on this issue and to in- costs. They are a multibillion-dollar all—and then leave them exposed to clude those editorials in the RECORD. tax giveaway to the healthy and unlimited further costs even, after We will have more to say. I just say in wealthy at the expense of working fam- they have paid the first $7,500? the final minute, why do we not just ilies and the sick. Their cost could bal- The House Republicans claim that pass the Kassebaum-Kennedy bill? loon the deficit by tens of billions of people can cover these huge gaps in That has the overwhelming support. I dollars. their insurance protection by using think it is the one piece of legislation With all of these obvious defects, it their medical savings accounts. Per- that has come out of a committee would be irresponsible for Congress to haps their wealthy friends—who will unanimously, Republicans and Demo- impose medical savings accounts on get the GOP elephant s share of the tax crats. It came to this floor and passed the Nation without testing the idea breaks under this plan—will be able to unanimously. Senator Dole’s amend- first. The entire controversy today is afford high medical costs. But how are ment was accepted to expand deduct- over whether NEWT GINGRICH and the working families supposed to set aside ibility for small business. We welcomed other extremists in the House Repub- the $5,000, $10,000, $20,000 or even more it. We also provide extended long-term lican leadership are willing to accept a that they would need to give them true care—we support it—to provide some reasonable test of their controversial protection in the event of a serious ill- provisions to deal with terminal ill- idea. ness? There is nothing in the Repub- ness, which is the humane approach on The current Republican offer is a lican plan that requires employers to it. Senator Dole has added an impor- sham. Their cynical negotiating atti- contribute even one thin dime to a tant ingredient to this bill. Senator tude is my way or the highway. Take it medical savings account for their KASSEBAUM, the distinguished chair- or leave it. They would obviously rath- workers. man, was the one who wrote this legis- er attack me than defend their indefen- It is no coincidence that the leading lation. Senator Dole has amended this sible proposal, which is no compromise proponents of medical savings accounts legislation. We are supporting this pro- at all—it is merely a transparent fig- are the Golden Rule Insurance Co. and other insurance firms with close ties to gram. Why not just pass the program? leaf over their cynical attempt to force the House and Senate Republican lead- Why not just pass it and let the Presi- their untested bad idea on the Nation. ership that have been the worst abus- dent sign it. And if we want to come Let’s look at the record. Let’s count ers of the current system. These firms back and debate the medical savings the defects in the Republican plan on specialize in selling medical savings ac- account, let us do that. Let us have medical savings accounts. counts. They have given millions of votes on those particular provisions. First, the Republican plan allows dollars in political contributions to try Let us let the Senate make its will on deductibles as high as $5,000 per indi- vidual and $7,500 per family. That to get their way. it. Golden Rule’s record, in particular, is But, please, Mr. President, do not say means a family needing medical care so shameful that Consumer Reports no to the 25 million Americans who must spend $7,500 out of their own ranks it near the bottom of all compa- have some form of preexisting condi- pocket before their insurance pays a nies because of its inadequate cov- tion and every single day that we delay dime. I ask Mr. GINGRICH—‘‘How many erage, frequent rate increases, and cru- they are at risk. I do not know how you families can afford to pay this much elty in canceling policies. quantify in terms of dollars their anx- for medical care, and why in the world These defection policies are a scan- iety worrying about illness and sick- would you give a special tax break for dal, and the companies know it. In ness, wondering where the next nickel a policy providing such meager protec- fact, Golden Rule had to pull out of or dime was going to come from so as tion?’’ Vermont, because it was unwilling to to not bleed the education funds for Medical savings accounts are de- compete on the level playing field cre- their children or eat up the retirement scribed as providing catastrophic pro- ated by that State’s insurance reform. funds of their parents. That is hap- tection. Once you hit the cap, they say, So what happened next? Responsible pening in every city of America. And you do not have to worry about how to insurers—Blue Cross and Blue Shield that is being held up by these various pay the doctor or hospital. took over the policies. They found that groups that pontificate as to who is Actually, almost all conventional in- one in four Golden Rule policies in- more concerned about the health care surance policies already have a feature cluded unfair fine print. Arms, backs, of the American people. That is wrong. like this—called a stop-loss—which breasts, and even skin were often ex- I continue to believe that medical caps your maximum spending for cov- cluded from coverage. Newborn babies savings accounts are the poison pill ered services. Even among policies of- were excluded, unless they were born that could kill health reform. The fered by small businesses, which are healthy. Clearly, Congress should not House and Senate Republican so-called typically less generous than those pro- be conferring lavish tax subsidies on compromise offer on medical savings vided by large companies, 90 percent that kind of disgraceful insurance cov- accounts is a capitulation to House Re- have a stop-loss. And for virtually all erage. Yet that is exactly what Repub- publicans, who are more interested in of these plans, the stop-loss is less than licans want to unleash on the Amer- creating an issue and serving a special $2,000. ican people. interest constituency than in passing Contrast that to the House Repub- The details of the Republican plan needed reform. lican plan. Protection does not even will shock the American people when Discussions are continuing to see start until you have spent $5,000—and they understand it. That is obviously whether a genuine compromise can be there is no stop-loss. None whatsoever. why the Republican leadership is en- reached, without jeopardizing the The plan even allows the insurer to gaged in this unseeingly campaign to health insurance that protects millions charge a 30-percent copayment for whisk their defective plan into law, be- of Americans today. I hope these nego- charges in excess of the deductible. fore its flaws can be discovered. And tiations will be successful. But the Forty thousand dollars doctor and that is why I intend to do all I can to American people need to understand hospital bills are usual for a significant insist on a fair test of their proposal. why the current Republican proposal is illness or surgery. In such cases, pa- By any standards, medical savings unacceptable—and why medical sav- tients would owe $15,500 for bills the accounts are a dubious experiment

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00017 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S6650 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 21, 1996 with the American people’s insurance know whose voices should be heard . . . appeal only to healthy people, throw- coverage. when Congress decides this issue—not ing seriously ill people into a pool whose The most troubling aspect is the the voices of greedy special interests, costs would escalate. This proposal should be skimming factor—the risk that med- but the voices of those who depend on in separate legislation, so the clamor it kicks up would not endanger the Kassebaum- ical savings accounts will price conven- adequate insurance to get the care Kennedy bill. tional insurance out of reach of most they need at a price they can afford. Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- American families, by encouraging the The American people need the basic sent that the editorials I mentioned be healthiest people to leave the insur- bipartisan insurance reforms included printed in the RECORD. ance pool. As premiums rise for every- in the Kassebaum-Kennedy bill. These There being no objection, the articles one else, more and more working fami- reforms will guarantee that Americans were ordered to be printed in the lies will be forced to scale back their will not lose their coverage or be sub- RECORD, as follows: coverage or drop their insurance alto- jected to exclusions for preexisting gether. conditions when they lose their job, or [From the Tacoma (WA) News Tribune, June Ask the people who have studied change jobs, or because their employer 13, 1996] these plans In the words of the Con- changes insurance carriers. They de- STICK TO BASICS IN NEW HEALTH BILL gressional Budget Office, medical sav- serve to know that their insurance can- So close, and yet so far. Only a few months ings accounts ‘‘could threaten the ex- not be canceled if they become sick. ago it looked like Congress might pass a istence of standard health insurance.’’ They should be protected against the modest health insurance bill that would help Mary Nell Lehnhard, senior vice- millions of Americans worried about their worst abuses of the current system. health coverage. president of Blue Cross and Blue The Kassebaum-Kennedy bill passed Now it looks like election-year politics Shield, concluded that MSA’s will de- the Senate by a bipartisan vote of 100– could doom the effort. Republicans and stroy ‘‘the whole principle of insur- 0. If it were sent to the President Democrats would rather have a campaign ance.’’ today, it would be signed into law to- issue than successful legislation. Separate studies by the American morrow. It should not be held hostage The strategy behind the bipartisan legisla- Academy of Actuaries and the Urban to the partisan, special interest Repub- tion crafted by Sen. Nancy Kassebaum (R– Institute found that premiums for con- lican agenda that would foist an un- KA.) and Sen. Ted Kennedy (D–Mass.) was to ventional insurance could increase by follow the KISS rule: Keep it Simple, Stupid. tried and dangerous concept on the That way Congress could avoid getting 60 percent—60 percent—if medical sav- American people. sucked into another morass like the one that ings accounts become widespread. Last week, I placed into the RECORD swallowed the Clinton administration’s mas- The Republican leadership pretends editorials from a number of leading sive health care package. that their current compromise offer is newspapers around the country on the Kassebaum, chairman of the Senate labor nothing more than a test—a fair at- danger of medical savings accounts. and Human Resources Committee, and Ken- tempt to deal with concerns about Today, I would like to place additional nedy, the committee’s ranking Democrat, won strong bipartisan support for their pro- medical savings accounts before they editorials in the RECORD demonstrating posal, which sailed through the Senate in are sold broadly. But it is nothing of the broad public opposition to MSA’s. the kind. Under their proposal, medical April. The Senate measure allows people los- The Tacoma, WA, News Tribune pub- ing or changing jobs to continue their health savings accounts could be sold to all lished an editorial on June 13, entitled, coverage; the bill also forbids insurers to small businesses and the self-employed ‘‘Stick to the Basics in New Health refuse coverage for pre-existing conditions. immediately. MSA’s would start out Bill.’’ It says, But the House version includes a provision with a massive market consisting of Many medical economists warn MSA’s for medical savings accounts, which couple more than 40 million workers—one- would be used mostly by healthy and more high-deductible catastrophic health insur- third of the Nation’s entire labor force. affluent people, leaving older and sicker peo- ance policies with tax-exempt savings ac- I continue to believe that the so-called ple in the common insurance pool. That counts. Proponents content MSAs would pro- compromise is not a test—it’s a trav- would force up insurance rates for everybody mote individual choice and responsibility in making personal health-car decisions. esty. else.... The original Kassebaum-Kennedy bill was a good one. More than 20 million The concept is attractive, but many med- Experts agree that the small business ical economists warn MSAs would be used sector of the health insurance market Americans would benefit from its modest re- forms. Save the fight over MSA’s for the mostly by healthy and more affluent people, is the most vulnerable to the disrup- next Congress.... leaving older and sicker people in the com- tion that medical savings accounts mon insurance risk pool. That would force would cause. The Joint Tax Committee The San Francisco Chronicle wrote up insurance rates for everybody else. Even itself has concluded that sales of med- on June 10 that, Kassebaum thought MSAs were too untested ical savings accounts would be con- There may well be some merit in MSA’s to to include in the Senate bill. But MSAs have become a kind of Holy centrated in small and medium-sized the extent they encourage health consumers to be more cost-conscious. But that possible Grail to House conservatives, who insist firms. benefit is still out-weighed by the virtual MSAs be included even it means a certain The proposal would clearly go beyond certainty that MSA’s would encourage presidential veto. This week Senate and the bounds of what is acceptable, even healthy and wealthy Americans—those who House leaders agreed on a compromise that if it stopped there. But it doesn’t. After could afford the high-deductible catastrophic initially ‘‘restricts’’ MSAs to self-employed 3 years, in which medical savings ac- coverage—to abandon the prevailing insur- workers and employees of businesses with 50 counts would be launched in this vast ance system, making it even more expensive or fewer workers. After two years, everyone market, they would be open to every- for the poorer and less healthy Americans else would become eligible, unless Congress one else, unless both the House and left behind. intervenes. The Harrisburg Patriot wrote that Kennedy and the White House have sig- Senate vote to stop the expansion. naled they might accept a limited test of In addition, instead of a neutral and While the idea of medical savings accounts MSAs. But the Republican proposal is hardly objective evaluation of the first mas- has a lot of appeal on the surface, the Con- limited; Anywhere from 25 to 40 million peo- sive phase, the evaluators would be gressional Budget Office, the National Asso- ple would be eligible, and expansion in two chosen by the chairmen of the Senate ciation of Insurance Commissioners and years would be almost automatic. That’s no Finance Committee and the House other experts in health insurance have test. warned that it poses dire consequences for The original Kassebaum-Kennedy bill was Ways and Means Committee, who are the overall health-care system. MSAs would both strong proponents of MSA’s. That a good one. More than 20 million Americans remove significant amounts of money from would benefit from its modest reforms. Save is a stacked deck, and the Republicans the pool of funds that go to pay the nation’s the fight over MSAs for the next Congress know it. health-care bill, while their tax-deductibility and the next president. The strongest opponents of medical would pose another drain on the Treasury savings accounts are organizations rep- . . . They ought to be considered separately. [From the San Francisco Chronicle, June 10, resenting working families, senior citi- A June 12 editorial in the Columbus 1996] zens, consumers, and the disabled. Dispatch was entitled, ‘‘Clean Health KEY TEST FOR DOLE They are the ones who have the most Bill; Get Rid of Those Two Killer House and Senate conferees have come to lose if the current system of insur- Amendments.’’ It says that MSA’s within one stubborn whisker of passing the ance is weakened or destroyed. We could most significant health-care reform since

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS June 21, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6651 the Clinton administration’s national health Last week, the House of Representatives would allow people to build up tax-free ac- insurance proposal went down in flames in approved a bill incorporating the basic fea- counts to pay medical bills. Sounds con- 1994. But the window of opportunity could tures of the Kennedy-Kassebaum bill. But structive. slam closed with the Tuesday retirement of also included were a number of odd con- But there is some concern this would ap- Senate Majority Leader Bob Dole, whose leg- troversial items that dramatically alter the peal only to healthy people, throwing seri- islative skills are needed one final time. scope of the legislation. ously ill people into a pool whose costs The problem is the medical savings ac- Without much debate or consideration, the would escalate. This proposal should be in count provision that House Republicans House tacked on a scheme that would pro- separate legislation, so the clamor it kicks added to the Kennedy-Kassebaum Health In- vide for tax-deductible medical savings ac- up would not endanger the Kassebaum-Ken- surance Reform bill. That bill’s main objec- counts and another that would cap punitive nedy bill. tives are to make insurance ‘‘portable’’ when damages in medical-related lawsuits at Also, states have the option of passing workers change or leave jobs and to make it $250,000, or three times economic damages, their own MSA laws, as Ohio just did. Presi- more difficult for insurers to refuse coverage whichever is greater. dent Clinton has threatened to veto the bill to people with pre-existing medical prob- President Clinton has indicated that he if it contains the MSA provision. lems. Those provisions would greatly en- could not accept a bill with either of these The other sticky measure would require hance the health security of millions of provisions. The Senate is expected to vote on employers to provide coverage for mental ill- Americans who are otherwise vulnerable to the legislation this month. ness. While this sounds sensible, there is falling into the ranks of the uninsured when- While the idea of medical savings accounts enough opposition so that this, too, could ever they change or lose jobs. has a lot of appeal on the surface, the Con- kill the whole bill. Because the Senate bill would mend a gap- gressional Budget Office, the National Asso- Mental-health coverage could be accom- ing crack in the health insurance system— ciation of Insurance Commissioners and plished on the state level, as is being at- and do so without favoring any special inter- other experts in health insurance have tempted in Ohio. Experts say there are hidden costs in man- ests—it has won broad bipartisan support: it warned that it poses dire consequences for dated mental-illness coverage. There has passed 100 to 0. The problems have been with the overall health-care system. been a welcome suggestion that a national the House version, which was loaded down MSAs would remove significant amounts of commission be appointed to research this with some hot-button GOP proposals that money from the pool of funds that go to pay issue and make recommendations. would—and should—elicit a sustainable pres- the nation’s health-care bill, while their tax- Interest groups could make spirited de- idential veto. deductibility would pose another drain on fenses for medical savings accounts and men- While most of the veto bait has been nego- the Treasury. tal-illness coverage. Indeed, the former has tiated away—including the Senate’s call for But the important point here is not wheth- had the benefit of expensive lobbying. But ‘‘parity’’ on mental health coverage—Repub- er MSAs or capping punitive damages rep- keeping touchy items in the health-reform licans have shown little willingness to com- resent good or bad ideas. It is that they gen- legislation is a sure way to defeat the whole promise on the most contentious issue, the erate sufficient objection to threaten to sink bill. Better to settle for half a loaf. That, at medical savings accounts. the modest Kennedy-Kassebaum effort that least, would provide some nourishment. The MSA concept, which Dole favors, ap- most lawmakers agree has the potential to peals mainly to healthy and well-to-do con- help many of the 25 million Americans who Mr. KENNEDY. These editorials are sumers, who could use a tax-deductible sav- change jobs every year. just a sampling of commentary around ings account—similar to an IRA—to cover This legislation will not help the 41 million the Nation. It is time for Republicans the costs of routine medical expenses, such Americans who already are uninsured, to stop playing special interest politics as checkups and minor treatments, as an al- though it may serve to limit their numbers with health insurance reform. The ternative to health insurance. The accounts from growing. Kassebaum-Kennedy bill passed by a would be coupled with high-deductible insur- To the extent that more far-reaching re- bipartisan vote of 100–0. It should not ance plans to deal with costly, catastrophic forms are proposed, such as MSAs, limiting illness. punitive damages or genuine health-care re- be blocked because some Republicans There may well be some merit in MSAs to form, they ought to be considered sepa- want to line the pockets of their cam- the extent they encourage health consumers rately. paign contributors. to be more cost-conscious. But that possible If they aren’t, it’s pretty clear with will Mr. DORGAN. Mr. President, there benefit is still far out-weighed by the virtual happen. There will be no reform, just as has been an interesting discussion, and certainty that MSAs would encourage nothing materialized out of the major effort an energetic discussion, I might say, in healthy and wealthy Americans—those who to pass health-care reform in 1994. this Chamber this morning. Early on could afford the high-deductible catastrophic Modest though it is, the Kennedy-Kasse- this morning, beginning I believe at coverage—to abandon the prevailing insur- baum bill is better than no reform at all. 9:30 for 11⁄2 hours we had a team come ance system, making it even more expensive for the poorer and less healthy Americans [From the Columbus Dispatch, June 12, 1996] to the floor of the Senate, and it is a left behind. ‘‘CLEAN’’ HEALTH BILL; GET RID OF THOSE disciplined team, all headed the same While President Clinton has properly TWO ‘‘KILLER’’ AMENDMENTS direction, all pulling in the same har- threatened to veto any bill containing MSAs, It sounded so simple. Congress would pass ness, to tell the country that the prob- he has also left the door wide open to an ob- a modest health-care reform bill. Most sig- lem with the health care bill, the so- vious compromise: permitting a pilot MSA nificantly, it would prevent insurers from de- called Kassebaum-Kennedy bill that program in specific states for a long enough nying coverage for pre-existing conditions. has been addressed this morning, is period to ensure that they will not add to Also, workers would be able to change jobs that the Democrats are holding it up health insurance costs and thereby increase or start their own businesses without losing the number of the uninsured. because of something called MSA’s, or health insurance. medical savings accounts. Some form of that approach is what Dole This is the kind of scaled-down legislation now has to sell to House Republicans if the that was suggested when various well-fi- In truth, of course, the Kassebaum- 104th Congress—and candidate Dole, him- nanced lobbies smothered the admittedly Kennedy bill, which is a very impor- self—is to take credit for accomplishing at too-ambitious bill from the Clinton adminis- tant bill, is being held hostage by peo- least a portion of the health-care reform tration two years ago. ple who voted for it; 100 to nothing it that the president tried and failed to do. If The current measure is sponsored by Sen. passed this Chamber, by those who in- he fails, we all lose. Nancy Kassebaum, Republican from Kansas, sist that they want to add something and Sen. Ted Kennedy, D–Mass. This is to it, and if they cannot add something [From the Harrisburg (PA) Patriot, Apr. 3, Kassebaum’s last year in the Senate, and she 1996] to it they will not let it pass. sees the bill as her farewell accomplishment. Let me describe briefly what this bill TOO MUCH REFORM—HOUSE AMENDMENTS Former Senate Majority Leader Bob Dole, WEIGH DOWN EFFORT TO MAKE HEALTH- the presumptive GOP presidential nominee, is. Most of it has been described. Let CARE INSURANCE PORTABLE also supports the bill, but his leaving takes me go back a bit, if I can, to put it in It represents the most modest of health- him out of the loop for using his influence. perspective. I come from a small town, care reform, so modest it is almost embar- Unfortunately, ominous storm clouds are 300 people, in southwestern North Da- rassing. But progress, however small, in forming. Several ‘‘killer amendments’’ may kota, down near farming and ranching helping people deal with medical expenses is doom this altogether worthy effort. The country, and we had one doctor in my welcome progress nonetheless. amendments make sense to many, but they hometown. He was a wonderful doctor There is little visibly active opposition to are not universally admired and any one named Dr. Simon Hill. He came to my the bipartisan proposal jointly sponsored by might doom the bill. U.S. Sens. Edward M. Kennedy, D-Mass., and The solution? Strip the legislation down, hometown in the early 1900’s, and he Nancy Kassebaum, R-Kan. Nonethless, their so it is a ‘‘clean bill,’’ dealing only with the practiced medicine until he was nearly basic proposal to ensure that people do not modest approaches in the original proposal. 80 years old. lose health coverage when they change or A provision for medical savings accounts is When he was practicing medicine in lose their jobs is in some trouble. the most contentious item in the plan. This my hometown in the mid 1900’s, there

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00019 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S6652 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 21, 1996 was no Medicare Program. A fair num- and elsewhere, I would say, with sub- holding that bill hostage because they ber of people had no insurance. What stantial Federal grants in order to have other things that they want to they had for health care in my home- achieve these health care break- load onto that bill. They are saying if town was one doctor. He had an office. throughs and new technologies. All of we cannot put what we want on that He had the drugstore on the ground it is wonderful. But, of course, what bill, if we cannot add to it, then you floor. His doctor’s office was above the has happened in the intervening years are not going to pass the bill. We in- drugstore. When people came to see is health care has also become very, sist, we demand that medical savings him, he would lock the drugstore and very expensive. It is full of near mir- accounts be added to that bill. walk upstairs to the examining office, acles because of this breathtaking new Let me describe medical savings ac- or if people were too sick to come to medical technology, but it is also very counts from my perspective. I do not see him, he would get in his car and expensive. have the foggiest idea whether these drive to see them. He did, like most We have a lot of folks in this country things called medical savings accounts doctors did back then, make house who have no health care coverage at are good or bad. I do not know, nor do calls. And if people did not have any all. Upwards of 40 million Americans I object to some sort of demonstration money and were sick, Doc Hill still are walking around today with no project or some kind of approach that drove out to their place and adminis- health care coverage, and if they get would give us the ability to determine tered medicine, administered health sick, they do not have any money to will this sort of thing, the medical sav- care, and if they had no money but had pay and they do not have insurance to ings account, be good for our health a couple of laying hens or fryer chick- cover it. care system or be inherently bad for ens, they gave him a couple of chickens We also have a fair number of people our system. I do not know the answer or a half a beef. If they were people in this country who work at a job to that. There is one company that has mar- with a fair amount of money, he would somewhere and they have a health in- keted these things aggressively. They charge them an arm and a leg, I guess. surance policy in a group plan through He ran his own health care system in their employment. But, of course, if have been heavy, heavy contributors to my little town. He charged those who they leave that employment, they lose Speaker GINGRICH and others, and they have just pushed and pushed and could afford a substantial amount and that insurance. There are a fair num- pushed this issue. But I am not one gave free health care to all those who ber of people who cannot afford under who automatically says this is a bad had no money, and that is the way the any circumstances to leave their job thing to do. I do not know. We prob- health care system worked in Regent, because they have someone in their ably ought to find out does this work family with a preexisting condition. ND, because one doctor did health care or does it not work. I do not object to And if they leave that job and lose that 24 hours a day for some 60 years. some kind of demonstration project to Now, was it a good health care sys- health care insurance, they will never find that answer. But I do object to get another policy anywhere. I have a tem? It was the best he could do. My those who believe we should hold hos- daughter with a cardiac problem. My neighbor had a toothache. We had no tage the Kassebaum-Kennedy bill, with dentist, so his dad, Alvin, took his son, expectation is that if I did not have the meritorious health care changes Alton, to Doc Hill, who pulled his health care coverage here and went out that are desperately needed by many tooth. Doc Hill was not a dentist, but on the open market to try to buy families in this country—hold that hos- he pulled his tooth. It turns out he health care coverage, no one is going to tage to the medical savings account pulled the wrong tooth, but he did not ensure someone with a preexisting con- legislation. get sued because we did not have a law- dition, with a cardiac problem. Mil- We had, I think, six or eight speakers yer in my hometown either. lions and millions of Americans con- come to the floor in the first hour and It was a wonderful system—simple, front that condition every day, a pre- a half this morning, arranged by the administered by one person who was existing condition for which they can- majority. That has been happening humane and knew what the needs of not now get health care insurance, a often. There is nothing wrong with the community were. job that they are now locked into be- that. It is a deliberate strategy to get Back then, when someone had a car- cause if they leave they cannot take a number of people to say the same diac problem, they were likely to die their insurance with them. thing, say it loud, say it often, and get when they had a heart attack. We were So Congress did something to address the American people to believe what also 55 or 60 miles from a hospital. that. Congress said let us pass a piece they are saying is somehow where we When someone had a problem with of legislation called the Kassebaum- are. It is not where we are with respect cataracts, they could not see. When Kennedy bill that does a series of to this important issue on health care. someone had a problem with their hips, things that have great merit. Among We are deadlocked on Kassebaum- they went into a wheelchair. If some- them, you can take your health care Kennedy, an important health care one’s knees gave out, they could not with you when you change jobs. measure that will help millions and walk; they, too, were in a wheelchair. That makes an enormous amount of millions of American families, because Of course, what has happened over good sense. Among them is that a pre- we have people in this Chamber who time is Dr. Hill died, and my hometown existing condition shall not be a cause are doing to this bill what they have does not have a doctor anymore. for denying health insurance coverage done to every other piece of legislation Health care changed dramatically, to a family. Boy, that is going to help that has had merit in the last 11⁄2 years some of it in wonderful ways, breath- millions and millions of families in or so. They are saying yes, that might taking changes. Now, if someone has a this country. have merit, we might support that, but cardiac problem, eats too much fat all So we passed that piece of legisla- we will not allow it to move unless we of their lives or has a hereditary prob- tion, and everyone now knows what the add our burdens to it, even though lem with their heart and it gets all vote was because Senator KENNEDY this what they are adding to it they know plugged up, what they do is they lay morning has talked about it several represent the kind of poison pills that that person out on a table and unplug times. The vote in this Senate, which will doom the legislation. the heart muscle and invest $50,000 or is very, very rare, was 100 yeas and zero It is now Friday. On Tuesday, we $75,000 and sew the person up and the nays. By 100 to nothing, the Senate could pass, once again 100 to 0, 100 to 0 person feels like a million dollars 6 said let us pass this legislation that the fundamental health care reform weeks later. Now they replace the does the right thing to address these that is embraced in the Kennedy- knees. Now they replace the hip. Now health care problems—100 to 0. That Kassebaum bill. We can do that. We they offer cataract surgery, and that was many months ago. Why, after should do that. But we probably will person walks and sees and lives a new many months, having passed a bill 100 not do that, notwithstanding what six life with open heart surgery. to 0, do we not have that bill back or eight people said earlier this morn- All of that is wonderful. It is remark- through here out of a conference and to ing. We probably will not do that be- able. It is expensive. Most all of, it the White House for signature? Why is cause those folks are saying we must comes from breathtaking research done that bill not now law? It is very simple; insist on having medical savings ac- at the National Institutes of Health because there are some who insist on counts attached to it or we will not

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00020 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS June 21, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6653 support it any longer. That makes no agree on one thing. Let us agree we cannot agree on everything but we can sense at all. I hope there will be a com- will limit the tax cuts to those families agree on that. promise reached, there will be common under $100,000 in income. The answer Instead of spending all day trying to ground found, so those who hold this was, ‘‘No, of course not, we will not do figure out what we cannot agree on, let kind of bill hostage will decide and un- that.’’ It was rejected by a partisan us spend part of the day trying to fig- derstand, finally, the foolishness of vote. ure out what we can agree on and ad- doing so. ‘‘All right, if you will not do that, vance that and pass it and make it law. It is not just this bill. It is a whole how about at least limiting the tax That is exactly what we ought to do on series of other initiatives. The min- cuts to families making less than a the Kennedy-Kassebaum health bill. imum wage—should we adjust the min- quarter of a million dollars a year?’’ We know we agree on that. We have al- imum wage? Yes, I think so. It was They said, ‘‘No, we will not agree with ready had the vote. There was not one 1989, was the last time it was adjusted. that. We insist the tax benefits we are person in this Chamber who disagreed. We have a couple of million people, 40 going to give go to people earning over So, instead of exerting all of our en- percent of whom are the sole bread- a quarter of a million dollars a year.’’ ergy trying to figure out where we dis- winners in their family, who work for We said, ‘‘All right, what about a agree, why do we not exert some en- the minimum wage. million? Would you at least limit the ergy to understand where we agree and It is easy for someone to stand up tax cuts at the time when we have defi- move it to the President and make here and blithely say the minimum cits and you are demanding we cut peo- that law? wage doesn’t matter, it is a bunch of ple’s taxes, would you at least limit Mr. President, tens of millions of kids frying hamburgers. It is a bunch them to people whose incomes are less families will benefit by the preexisting of school kids. There are school kids than $1 million a year? Would you at condition, by the portability of insur- working for minimum wage. I do not least do that?’’ The answer was, ‘‘No, ance—tens of millions of families are disagree with that. But 40 percent of no, we do not want to do that.’’ waiting for this legislation to pass. It the people on minimum wage are the Why would the answer be no? Be- is being held hostage by those who say sole breadwinners of their households. I cause the bulk of the benefits are going that if they cannot add their provision ask you to read some of the letters to go to those very upper income folks to it, if they cannot add their idea on from those folks who are struggling to and they know it. That is the problem MSA’s, we are not letting it go any- try to make ends meet. around here. We have a lot of needs and where. The kind of troubles some families we have a lot of things to do. We That is inherently selfish, in my have are pretty hard for some people should balance the budget. But, in my judgment, to say, ‘‘If I don’t get my here to understand, I think. A family judgment, you do not balance the budg- way, you can’t have your way.’’ It just wrote to me some while ago that I de- et by starting with tax cuts. does not make sense to me to continue scribed. I read, late one evening, a four- I know it is popular. I have a couple to believe that the right approach for page handwritten letter from a woman of children who love to eat desert be- our country is to put the brakes on in North Dakota. Her trailer house fore dinner. But to suggest that tax good proposals, good ideas that the burned down. They lost everything. cuts come before we balance this Fed- American people want and deserve. She described the troubles she and her eral budget, especially tax cuts that I think you can break these things husband have had, people who have not are so fundamentally opposed to what down into three areas that I discussed had the opportunity for education, peo- we are trying to do—let me give an ex- before: First is kids; second is jobs; ple who have four children, who lost ample, a tax cut that says let us make third is values. Kids, jobs, and values. everything. They struggle, they work it easier to move American jobs over- If we address those, all of us, we ought for minimum wage. Their only com- seas. Let us spend $300 million of the to have a common interest. There plaint was that she was hoping maybe American taxpayers’ money by giving ought not be much difference in how we could see some adjustment in the that in tax breaks to companies who we would respond to the needs of Amer- minimum wage at some point, it has will take their American jobs and move ican children, between Republicans or been 6 years they have been frozen at them overseas. Think of this. We are Democrats. We all ought to understand the bottom of that ladder. She said, up to our neck in debt, we are strug- this. You know, I do not know how to tell my gling to figure out how do we reduce All of us ought to have one goal. We sons who want to play summer baseball I do the Federal deficit, and we have people all ought to believe that, with respect not have the $25 to pay for their registration, coming to the floor of the U.S. Senate to our kids, our future is in educating let alone buy them a baseball glove. saying—at the time when not only do our kids. Thomas Jefferson once said, These issues sound like theory here we have this debt but we are losing anyone who believes that a country in this Chamber, but they are real to jobs, our manufacturing base is being can be both ignorant and free believes people who are trying to make a living; diminished, jobs are moving overseas, in something that never was and never trying to deal with family issues and we have people saying—‘‘By the way, can be. family needs every single day. we want to change the Tax Code so we Everyone in this Chamber, I expect, The interesting thing I find is this. provide more tax benefits to those who should believe that we want to have This floor is crowded, literally clut- move their jobs overseas.’’ the best education system in this tered with traffic when we are talking This simply does not add up. It is an world—the best in the world, not sec- about things that help the big interests agenda that does not relate in any way ond place, not 10th place, the best edu- in this country. When you talk about to the interests or needs of people who cation system in the world. Now, if some tax break that is going to help are working for a living and struggling, that is our goal, then let’s just spend the biggest economic interests, the big- trying to make it in this economy. the rest of the year to figure out how gest corporations, you can hardly get I think you can summarize the bas- do we work with others in our country in this place. Everybody is rushing kets of issues in about three areas that who are involved in our education sys- down to vote ‘‘aye.’’ we need to address and address appro- tem to accomplish that goal. How do We have proposals now that say we priately in this Congress. We can, I we accomplish having the best edu- want a balanced budget amendment suppose, just fight for the rest of the cation system in the world, because but we also want tax cuts. Of course, year and quibble and have a tug-of-war that determines who wins in the inter- much of which will go to those who al- and accomplish nothing, which would national economic competition, and ready have plenty in this country. The not very well serve the interests of this the international economic competi- bulk of those tax cuts are going to go country, in my judgment. Or we can tion means you are going to have win- to the upper income folks, people who find ways to decide on something, for ners and losers. The winners are going are making hundreds of thousands of example like the Kassebaum-Kennedy to have jobs, expanding economies and dollars a year. In fact, last year we of- bill, which everyone in this Chamber opportunities, and the losers are going fered an amendment that said, if you believes has merit because every single to suffer the British disease of long, insist on proposing tax cuts at a time person voted for it. The vote was 100 to slow economic decline that we saw at when we have deficits, let us at least nothing. We can decide, all right, we the end of the last century.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00021 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S6654 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 21, 1996 So, educate our kids? Does it make Values? The fact is the American things and move those things that rep- sense then when we understand some- people are very concerned about col- resent common interest. thing that works, like a Head Start lapsed values in this country. Just go Finishing where I started, one area of Program where you take a 3- or 4-year- out the door and look around a bit—the common interest, I think, is the Kasse- old kid coming from a home of poverty, rate of crime, the rate of violent baum-Kennedy bill, unless those who from a circumstance of disadvantage, crime—and understand what is hap- voted for it were not voting their and we say to them, ‘‘We’re going to pening. hearts. Mr. President, 100 people voted invest money in you in a Head Start Look at the accelerated rate of teen- for Kassebaum-Kennedy to reform this Program, and we know it works, and it age pregnancies and understand what health system in a way that will ben- makes life better for those kids,’’ does is happening. Look at the number of efit every American family. One hun- it make sense for us to say, ‘‘Look, people who have fathered children in dred Senators voted for it, and now it there are 60,000 of you who have names, this country and, once having fathered is being held hostage in some legisla- Jim, Bill, Mary, Donna, and we’ve got the child, said, ‘‘Sayonara, I’m out of tive prison because someone is insist- news for you; we can no longer afford here,’’ and takes no responsibility for ing that something else be added to it to have you in a Head Start Program’’? that child and refuses to make a pay- or they will simply not allow it to Does that make sense? ment. move. What an outrage. Does it make sense, especially at a Collapsed values? You bet. Teenage I hope next Monday or Tuesday that time when we are saying, ‘‘By the way, pregnancy, deadbeat dads, crime epi- those who are insisting they get their we have money to give tax breaks, es- demic, epidemic of violent crime— way or we will not have health care re- pecially to people over $1 million a these are the issues that we have to form will finally decide that is not in year in income, but we can’t afford to work on, and we have to work on them the public’s interest. Let Kassebaum- keep 60,000 of you kids in a Head Start in a way that responds to the way the Kennedy move and bring your bill up Program’’? American people want us to respond to the following day. That is just fine. The answer is, no, of course, it does these issues. None of us object. You can do that. We not make sense. It is nuts. It does not Welfare reform: That is part of the are going to have a vote on that. make any sense to establish priorities values issue. It is also part of kids, but If you have the votes here, you win. that are so far out of bounds. Our kids two-thirds of people on welfare in We do not weigh votes here. We count matter. Investment in our kids matters America are kids under 16 years of age. votes. If you want to bring it up, bring to all of us. But with respect to values, it seems it up, but do not hold hostage a health The Head Start Program works. I use to me our public policy ought to be— care reform bill that this country that simply as an example of the need, there ought not be great debate about needs that passed this Chamber 100 to the desperate need, to get our prior- this—to say those who are able-bodied 0. Mr. President, I have gone on longer ities straight. in the welfare system have a responsi- than I needed to. I know that my col- Jobs: No one comes to the floor on bility to work. any regular occasion and talks about We have offered a proposal called the league, Senator LIEBERMAN, is on the the merchandise trade deficit in this Work First Program. What we have floor. I ask unanimous consent that Senator LIEBERMAN be allowed to country. The merchandise trade deficit said is, we want to turn welfare offices speak for 20 minutes. is higher than our fiscal deficit. What into employment offices. We are not The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without interested in paying welfare. We are in- does that mean? Jobs that used to be objection, it is so ordered. here are elsewhere. Jobs that used to terested in making sure people who are Mr. LIEBERMAN. I thank the Chair, be American jobs are now in Malaysia, able-bodied go to work. But while and I thank my friend from North Da- Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh. I doing that, we insist that we not sub- kota. Mr. President, I appreciate his know the American people contribute ject America’s children to lives of pov- final request, and I express to him and to this. You cannot wear Mexican erty and circumstances that none of us my colleagues my fervent desire not to shorts and Chinese pants and shirts in this room would allow our children use—particularly I express this to the made in Taiwan and television sets to live in. occupant of the chair—it is my fervent made in Thailand and drive cars made We cannot decide that while we solve desire not to use the full 20 minutes. in Japan and then complain about, the welfare problem, we are going to (The remarks of Mr. LIEBERMAN per- ‘‘Where have American jobs gone?’’ say to the poorest people in this coun- taining to the submission of Senate People do that, but you cannot do that. try, and especially poor children, ‘‘By Resolutions 270 are printed in today’s American jobs are leaving to go to the way, you’re not entitled to health RECORD under ‘‘Submission of Concur- where the international enterprises care if you’re sick.’’ Does that make rent and Senate Resolutions.’’) want to produce, where they can pay a any sense to anybody, at a time when f dime an hour, a quarter an hour, 50 we are talking about tax cuts for the cents an hour, $1 an hour to compete upper-income folks in this country? It FILEGATE against American workers, where we does not to me. Mr. BROWN. Mr. President, I want to pay a living wage, minimum wage to This week—the reason I recite some express a concern about the recent dis- those who work in factories that are of this—is on the floor of the Senate, cussion, both publicly and in Congress, safe because we demand they be safe, on the heels of the proposal for a con- concerning what has become to be compete in circumstances where we stitutional amendment to balance the called Filegate—that is, the questions will not allow 12-year-olds to work in budget, which I will not go into, but it regarding the use of FBI files and the textile mills because we have child misuses the Social Security trust fund secret, confidential material contained labor laws. to balance the budget, on the heels of therein. The jobs have left this country be- that, with all of the people saying, ‘‘We I am deeply troubled. I am troubled cause we have not dealt with our trade want to balance the budget,’’ the first because it appears that the reaction of problem in a straightforward way, but jump out of the chute this week is, the White House is not to be forth- you cannot get many people on this again, adding money, adding hundreds coming with regard to this crisis. My floor to talk very thoughtfully about of millions of dollars, for a star wars belief is that the appropriate responses that. People just do not want to discuss program. Yes, a star wars program. We is for the White House to, frankly and it. cannot afford the basic things, but we directly, respond to the issues, spell But the issue of jobs is at the root of can afford a star wars program. out what they did, indicate their cor- interest of families that are going to It seems to me at some point we are rective action, and put this question sit down for supper tonight and talk going to have to reconcile in this behind us. It is not one that should oc- about their lives and their future and Chamber what we say with what we do. cupy a lot of time with regard to the what they want for their kids. It is At some point, we ought to try to fig- congressional inquiries. It is not one going to be, ‘‘Are we going to have an ure out, as I said when I began, what that should occupy a lot of time with opportunity to get a good job that pays we agree on rather than what we dis- regard to public concerns. It ought to a good income?’’ agree on, and at least enact those be dealt with and put out of the way.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00022 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS June 21, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6655 To that end, Senator HATCH, as chair- C. Where have the FBI files on Mr. Dale employed by Congress, other than in connec- man of the Judiciary Committee, ad- been stored since their arrival at the White tion with an employment related security dressed a letter involving pertinent House? clearance check or a background review for D. Who had access to the FBI files on Mr. questions to the White House and to purposes of possible employment within the Dale at the White House since their arrival Executive Branch, or appointment to the Ju- the Chief of Staff, Mr. Panetta. That at the White House? dicial Branch? was on June 13. It had included in it E. Did everyone who had access to the FBI 9. Please provide a copy of all White House what I thought were fair questions, files on Mr. Dale have to ‘‘sign out’’ the files Counsel policies or guidelines on contacts ones reasonably raised by the questions when viewing them? between the White House and the FBI. that are involved and asked for the ap- F. Did anyone at the White House review Sincerely, propriate information. the FBI files on Mr. Dale, and, if so, please ORRIN G. HATCH, That letter was answered on the 19th, identify any such person by name and title. Chairman. G. Did any such person provide informa- 6 days later. But Chief of Staff Panetta tion from these files to other persons, and, if did not choose to respond. Instead, he THE WHITE HOUSE, so, please identify any such other person by Washington, DC, June 19, 1996. delegated that to one of the counsel, name and title. Hon. ORRIN G. HATCH, Jack Quinn. 5. A. Please identify by name and title any Chairman, Committee on the Judiciary, U.S. Mr. President, I think that is unfor- person(s) who directed the initiation of Senate, Washington, DC. tunate. This is an important matter, ‘‘Project Update,’’ referenced in paragraph 3 DEAR CHAIRMAN HATCH: This letter is in re- and while it can be dealt with quickly, of the June 9, 1996, declaration of Anthony sponse to your letter of June 13, 1996 to Leon I think it does deserve the attention of Marceca, and identify by name and title all Panetta. the Chief of Staff. I think it is unfortu- persons who participated in ‘‘Project Up- As you know, the investigation of the FBI date.’’ nate that he choose not to address it. files matter has been handled by both the Of- B. Did Mr. Marceca request files from the fice of the Independent Counsel and the Fed- Jack Quinn answers the letter. FBI on individuals not included in ‘‘Project eral Bureau of Investigation. The White I want to express my concern about Update?’’ House has been cooperating fully with these the answers. Frankly, Mr. President, 6. In updating security files at the White investigations. As a result, we are not under- what happened in those answers was House for purposes of continuing to grant ac- taking our own investigation or conducting simply to stonewall the questions. I cess to the White House, is it routine for the file searches. However, we will provide the know that is a harsh and strong judg- White House to request all of the FBI files on information we have available that bears on ment, and I invite Members to make each individual, regardless of how far back in your inquiries. time the date of the file? 1. We have not undertaken to determine their own decisions about whether or 7. With respect to the requests for the FBI not it is accurate. But I want to share the identity of all persons with authority to files for at least 330 individuals based on, ac- request background files from the FBI in De- with the Members—just for the ques- cording to news accounts, outdated lists of cember 1993. In December 1993, the Office of tions that I felt were relevant ques- White House pass holders provided by the Se- Personnel Security’s Director was Craig Liv- tions that were reasonable to ask cret Service: ingstone, the Executive Assistant was Mary A. Please provide a copy of the lists upon under the circumstances—the answers. Anderson, and the staff assistant was Lisa which these requests were made. Wetzl. Also detailed to that Office was An- Members can make up their own B. Please identify by name and title the thony Marceca. Mr. Livingstone reported to minds. person or persons who sent the requests for Mr. William Kennedy, Associate Counsel to I ask unanimous consent that the FBI files, based on these lists, from the the President, who in turn reported to Mr. letter from the chairman of the Judici- White House to the FBI. Bernard Nussbaum, Counsel to the Presi- ary Committee, Senator HATCH, and C. Please identify by name and title those persons in the chain of custody who provided dent. the response letter from Jack Quinn of 2. We are not aware of any memorandum the lists to the person(s) who sent the re- the White House, be printed at this on White House stationery regarding Billy quests for files to the FBI. point in the RECORD. D. Please identify by name and title any- Dale that was sent on December 20, 1993. There being no objection, the letters one who reviewed any of these FBI files after However, the request to the FBI for copies of were ordered to be printed in the their delivery to the White House, and the Mr. Dale’s previous reports is attached. 3. With respect to your questions about the RECORD, as follows: date of such review. request for Mr. Dale’s file, please see the at- U.S. SENATE, E. Please identify by name and title any- tached declaration of Anthony Marceca. We COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY, one who was provided information based on believe that the person referred to in para- Washington, DC, June 13, 1996. any of these FBI files, and the name and graph 4 of Mr. Marceca’s declaration is Hon. LEON PANETTA, title of anyone who provided such informa- Nancy Gemmell. Chief of Staff to the President, The White tion to such individual(s). 4. Regarding the receipt and maintenance House, Washington, DC. F. Please identify by name and title the of Mr. Dale’s file, please see the attached DEAR MR. PANETTA: I have several ques- person(s) who discovered the error of relying statement of Jane Sherburne. tions concerning the White House’s acquisi- on the lists from which these requests to the 5. Regarding your questions about ‘‘Project tion of various FBI files, such as those of FBI were made. Update,’’ in addition Mr. Marceca, we under- Billy Dale, as well as at least 330 other indi- G. On what date was the error of relying on stand that Lisa Wetzl, Executive Assistant viduals, including persons who worked at the these lists discovered? to the Director of Personnel Security, also White House under Republican Administra- H. Upon discovery of the error, what ac- tion(s) were taken and on what date(s)? worked on the Update Project. tions who no longer had access to the White 6. With respect to whether it is routine for House. I would appreciate your prompt re- I. Upon discovery of the error, why weren’t the files immediately returned to the FBI? the White House to request prior FBI reports sponse to these questions: for all holdover employees, we understand 1. Please list the names and titles of those J. Please identify by name and title the in- from the recently completed FBI Report that persons who had the authority, in December dividual who halted the requests for FBI it is indeed routine to request all prior FBI 1993, to send a memorandum under Bernard background files based upon the list report- reports. Nussbaum’s name to the FBI requesting the edly provided by the Secret Service. 7. To the extent we have information re- FBI to send its background files to the White 7. A. Why did Ms. Beth Nolan, of the White sponsive to your questions about the re- House. House Counsel’s office, send a memorandum 2. Please provide a copy of the December dated August 19, 1993 to the Department of quests for and chain of custody of any of the 20, 1993 memorandum on White House sta- Justice inquiring as to whether the White mistakenly obtained FBI reports, please see tionary to the FBI requesting background House Counsel could release information the Sherburne statement, the Marceca Dec- files on Mr. Billy Dale. from FBI background checks on the seven laration and the attached Declaration of D. 3. A. Who caused this memorandum to be White House Travel Office employees fired Craig Livingstone. Further, we understand sent to the FBI and for what purpose(s)? on May 19, 1993? that Lisa Wetzl is the person who identified B. Did anyone direct, request, or otherwise B. Did the White House receive any oral or Mr. Marceca’s mistake. cause such individual to send the memo- written response to this memorandum? If so, 8. The memorandum that Ms. Nolan wrote randum to the FBI, and if so, please identify please identify by name and title anyone to Walter Dellinger at the Department of any such person by name and title. who provided such a response, the date of Justice did not request advice on the release C. Who is the person referenced in para- such response, and any written record of of FBI background information. Instead, as graph 4 of the June 9, 1996 declaration of An- such response. part of its investigation into the Travel Of- thony Marceca (enclosed)? C. Was any information from FBI files on fice matter, the General Accounting Office 4. A. When were the FBI files on Mr. Dale these seven employees disseminated by any- had requested the personnel files (which do received by the White House? one in the White House? not include FBI reports) of the seven fired B. Who at the White House received the 8. Has the White House requested FBI files individuals. Ms. Nolan was seeking advice as FBI files on Mr. Dale? on any member of Congress or any person to whether fulfilling that request would be

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00023 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S6656 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 21, 1996 appropriate. Copies of relevant documents, a personnel specialist who is a career, non- view of the EOP Security Office so that the which have been provided to the House Gov- political employee; EOP Security Office will have unified au- ernment Oversight and Reform Committee, Current, express, written consent of an in- thority over all EOP personnel security func- are attached for your information. We are dividual be obtained before the White House tions. not aware of a written reply. seeks his or her background investigation in- The EOP Security Office is currently su- 9. We have no information responsive to formation from the FBI; pervised by Charles ‘‘Chuck’’ Easley, a ca- your question about requests for FBI reports The Counsel to the President or a specifi- reer employee who has served for ten years on Members of Congress or their staffs. cally designated Counsel’s Office attorney as the EOP Security Officer since joining the 10. Enclosed is a statement released by approve each White House request to the FBI office in the Reagan Administration. Before then-White House Counsel Bernard Nuss- for background information; coming to his current job, Mr. Easley had a baum which governs contacts between the The security or vetting officer who initi- twenty-year career in the U.S. Army, includ- White House and the FBI in the event of a ates the request certify that the request is ing eight years as the Technical Security potential investigation. We will provide made for official purposes only; and Advisor to the Security Officer of the Joint other materials that may be helpful to you Access to background investigation infor- Chiefs of Staff. Mr. Easley heads a career under separate cover as soon as possible. mation is authorized only to those White staff at the EOP Security Office and reports In addition to responding to your ques- House employees designated in writing by to the Associate Director for Human Re- tions, I believe it would also be helpful if I the Chief of Staff and the Counsel to the sources Management of the Office of Admin- explained to you the measures taken by the President. istration, a career personnel specialist. White House in the wake of the mistaken No prior Administration had in place poli- The EOP Security Office will perform its and inappropriate request for FBI back- cies and procedures designed so effectively to work on White House personnel in accord- ground investigation information in late 1993 prevent the type of mistake that occurred in ance with the procedures announced last Fri- and early 1994. this matter. The Report of the FBI General day and described above. In addition, access As indicated above, the White House has Counsel, dated June 14, 1996, found that the to the background investigation information requested and received background inves- procedure by which the FBI provided back- will be limited to those EOP and White tigation reports from the FBI for many ground investigation information to the House employees so authorized in writing by years. The information is sought and used to White House ‘‘has changed remarkably little the Chief of Staff and the Counsel to the assist the White House in making determina- over the intervening three decades’’ since President whose assigned duties require the tions about the suitability of individuals for the Johnson Administration. I am confident access to the White House for employment or review or processing of such information. that our reforms will more effectively safe- I believe that the reforms we have now in- other official purposes. guard the privacy of the individuals whose stituted will restore the public’s confidence Plainly, the requests for background inves- background files are sought and obtained by tigation information that are the subject of in the integrity of the process by which the the White House. White House decides who appropriately may your hearing were wrong. Based on represen- Below, I elaborate on some of the key tations made to us to date, it appears that have access to the White House complex. changes in our policies and procedures: Sincerely, the requests were the product of innocent er- On June 14, 1996, I initiated a series of re- rors. Obviously, if we learn otherwise with JACK QUINN, forms focusing on the process by which the Counsel to the President. respect to White House staff, we will act White House requests background investiga- swiftly and decisively. tion information from the FBI. We will now Mr. BROWN. Mr. President, the first After learning of this situation last week, require that White House requests to the FBI question that I thought was quite clear President Clinton informed me in the clear- background information be made only with and, perhaps, most appropriate was est terms that he wanted (1) the American the express written consent of the individual this: Basically, who had authority to people to know the truth about what hap- who is the subject of the investigation. The pened in this matter, (2) disciplinary action request the FBI files? individual’s consent must be signed within to be taken, as appropriate, and (3) policies That is a reasonable question and one thirty days of, and must accompany, the and procedures to be initiated that would that I think is important in order to White House request to the FBI. No informa- guarantee to the American people that this understand the issues that came about. tion may be obtained without the individ- mistake could not happen again. What did the White House answer in I will address each of these points in turn. ual’s consent except in extraordinary cir- cumstances set forth in a letter of justifica- response to that question? Let me read First, we have made clear that the White it: House not only welcomes but also encour- tion to the FBI from the Counsel to the ages a complete and vigorous investigation President concurred in by the Attorney Gen- We have not undertaken to determine the into the matter by the appropriate law en- eral or the Deputy Attorney General. identity of all persons with authority to re- forcement office. As you know, the Attorney Each request to the FBI must also be ap- quest background files from the FBI in De- General has directed the FBI to conduct a proved and signed by the Counsel to the cember 1993. prompt and thorough investigation. I have President or a specificially designated Coun- Then they go on to explain they have said publicly and I say here again that the sel’s Office attorney whose regular duties re- statements from some of the people in- White House welcomes that investigation, quire the review of such information. In ad- dition, each request must be signed by the volved. and we will work cooperatively with the FBI Mr. President, that is not an answer. to facilitate the prompt completion of its in- Counsel to the President or a specifically vestigation. designated Counsel’s Office attorney whose A reasonable, direct question was Second, the President’s directive that any regular duties require the review of such in- asked, and it was absolutely appropriate disciplinary action be taken will formation. In addition, each request must be stonewalled in the White House re- be implemented based upon the facts devel- signed by the security or vetting officer who sponse. Mr. President, that is not ade- oped in the upcoming review by the FBI. initiates the request, and that person must quate. The American people under- Earlier this week, Craig Livingston, who certify that the request is made for official stand mistakes can be made, but they purposes only. These new reforms also re- headed the personnel security office, asked do not understand a stonewall from the to be placed on paid administrative leave, quire identification of the specific reason and we agreed that that was appropriate. Mr. why the information is being requested. White House with regard to those ques- Livingstone will not return to the White Today, I also recommended a restructuring tions that arise. House unless and until this matter is clari- of the personnel security functions at the The second question dealt with the fied to the satisfaction of the Chief of Staff. White House to further accomplish the Presi- chain of custody of the list. They are If he does return to a position in the Admin- dent’s objective of ensuring that the mistake referring to the list that was put to- istration, it will be to one that is appro- will not happen again. I suggested—and Chief gether that requested files from the priate and not to the White House Office of of Staff Leon Panetta and the President FBI, the custody and who had that list. agreed—that the administrative personnel Personnel Security, which, as described That is a reasonable question, and it is below, has been absorbed into the Executive security functions currently performed by Office of the President (EOP) Security Of- the White House Office of Personnel Security my belief that that is an appropriate fice. be incorporated into the EOP Security Of- one to try to identify and get answers Third, at the direction of the President, I fice. This change will be implemented imme- to. have instituted new policies and procedures diately. Here is the White House response: to prevent any recurrence of the events in The EOP Security Office currently con- To the extent we have information respon- question. We are confident that these re- ducts personnel security functions for all sive to your questions about the requests for forms will help restore public confidence in EOP offices except for the White House Of- and chain of custody of any of the mistak- the integrity of the personnel security sys- fice, the Office of the Vice President, the Of- enly obtained FBI reports, please see— fice of Policy Development, the National Se- tem. These new procedures, which are as rig- And they list statements by people. orous as they are unprecedented, include re- curity Council, and the Executive Residence. quirements that: The restructuring announced today will When you look at those statements, Control of the White House background in- bring the administrative personnel security they are not responsive to this ques- vestigation process be placed in the hands of functions for those offices within the pur- tion at all. Some of the statements do

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00024 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS June 21, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6657 not even deal with the question or even House has chosen not to follow that curate statements, or the White House relate to the question. What the White path of honesty and candor. has refused to answer questions. House has done to a reasonable ques- That is a serious charge. Let me be The point is this: Where do we go tion for the chain of custody, who had specific, because I think it merits spe- from here? My hope is that the White the list, is simply stonewalled. Mr. cifics. House will do a couple of things: Get President, that is not adequate. Nor do In response to the questions about the facts out, be honest, and let us get I think it is in the interest of the this issue about Travelgate, the White this issue behind us. White House to simply stonewall rea- House on June 6 came back and said, Mr. President, I yield the floor. sonable questions. ‘‘Yes. Files were requested, but the f The third question: Were the FBI GAO did it.’’ This is on Billy Dale. STALEMATE IN THE WORKFORCE files’ information disseminated by They blamed the requesting of the files DEVELOPMENT/CAREERS ACT White House employees? on the GAO. The facts turn out that CONFERENCE Mr. President, that is a reasonable the GAO denied it. And it turns out question. Did they—which is really a that the GAO did not do it at all. The Mr. PELL. Mr. President, I am deep- violation of the law—disseminate the White House statement was inaccurate. ly concerned by very partisan, political highly confidential information in- On June 6 the White House indicated tone that is beginning to cloud delib- cluded in those files outside the White that they had requested 338 files. Mr. erations over the Workforce Develop- House? President, that was inaccurate. On ment/Careers Act legislation now in How did the White House choose to June 13 the same White House admit- conference. The blame for this develop- answer that? Well, the fact is, they an- ted that they had really requested 132 ment cannot be placed at the doorstep swered it in the same style they used more for a total of 470 files. Mr. Presi- of any individual or any political in the last question, in No. 7 of their dent, that statement was inaccurate. party. I am afraid that everyone is at response. They refer you to statements On June 15, the FBI Director indi- fault, and that there is enough blame that are not responsive. It is a reason- cates that the White House had re- for everyone. able question, and it is relevant to po- quested 481 files. Now the reports are I voted for the Senate bill in com- tential criminal activity, and it is to- that that may be too low as well. mittee and on the floor. I did so for Is the point how many files they re- tally stonewalled by the White House. several reasons. It brought a sweeping quested? Well, it is relevant. We ought The Hatch letter asks: Has the White reform and a consolidation of a multi- to know it. But I think it is much more House requested FBI files on any Mem- plicity of existing programs that sim- important that the White House has bers of Congress or employees of Con- ply were not working very well. It rep- chosen not to be forthcoming and give gress? resented a new and innovative Federal- us accurate answers on these ques- That is a reasonable question, and State partnership in administering pro- tions. grams that are so very important to here is the answer: On June 10 the White House said that the education and training needs of our We have no information responsive to your this whole incident was an accident be- Nation. And most important to me, it question about requests for FBI reports on cause the Secret Service had given Members of Congress or their staffs. them an outdated list. That is, the re- contained a series of very strong voca- What does that mean? Mr. President, quest had gone in and included names tional and adult education provisions. Unfortunately, the bill that is being that is a stonewall. That is a total re- that were inappropriate because the developed in conference differs consid- fusal to deal with the questions that Secret Service had given them the are reasonably asked and raised by this wrong list. But on June 13 the Secret erably from the one the Senate passed. inquiry. Service responded, and indicated and The concept of a new Federal-State Those are four specifics, but there pointed out that their system is in- partnership that was a key element of are others. capable of providing a list that the the Senate bill is gone. The Senate pro- I note that on CNN news this morn- White House used to request files. The vision that continued support for ing it was reported that a source close statement of the White House on June School To Work Programs appears to Mr. Livingstone told CNN that Liv- 10 appears to be inaccurate. It appears doomed. A strong within-State formula ingstone said the White House has an- to have been impossible for the Secret that sends vocational education funds other list that contains the names of Service files to produce the list that to those districts most in need is en- top key Republicans whose FBI files the White House said that they got be- dangered. they want or may have requested. But cause of inaccurate action on the part Equally important, the need for re- the White House has chosen not to of the Secret Service. Moreover, it ap- form is being lost in a battle for polit- share this list with the press. pears that their suggestion that they ical gain. The lines of differences are Mr. President, I have no idea if that could not have a current list from the hardening, and there is an all-or-noth- is accurate. I assume in due course we Secret Service was inaccurate; the Se- ing attitude beginning to develop on all will understand. But it comes back and cret Service had produced a number of sides. We have a Republican majority relates to the fact that the committee lists updated that could not have pos- in both Houses of Congress and a asked. Had they requested White House sibly included any of those names. Democratic administration. Yet, in- files, FBI files, on Members of Con- Finally, Mr. President, the White stead of a good give and take, instead gress, or its employees? The White House has said this was a low-level bu- of compromises in which both sides, we House absolutely stonewalled the ques- reaucratic mistake. That is the White are reaching a stalemate that literally tion. My sense is this, Mr. President: It House explanation—a ‘‘low-level bu- ignores the needs of millions of adult is in the interest of this Nation—both reaucratic mistake.’’ and young people who need these edu- Democrats and Republicans—to get Mr. President, I will leave it up to cation and training services and who this issue behind us, and the White Members and their own judgment. Mr. could rightfully care less who gets the House ought to respond to the ques- Livingstone’s position was head of credit. tions, get the facts out, solve the prob- White House personnel security. That Mr. President, I deeply regret this lem and move on. But, if they continue is not a low-level bureaucrat. Head of situation. I would implore both sides to to follow the course of totally security at the White House is not a erase the lines that have been drawn in stonewalling this inquiry, it will not low—level bureaucrat. He was paid the sand, and get back to the table in inure to their benefit, and it will not be $65,000 a year, or thereabouts, at least a serious spirit of bipartisanship. I taken as an appropriate action by the from the indications we have gotten would urge my colleagues on the other American people. from the committee. I do not believe— side of the aisle to refrain from any- Mr. President, my own sense is, just Members can make their own judg- thing that might be labeled a ‘‘Repub- as in Watergate, that a dose of honesty ment—that someone paid $65,000 a year lican’’ bill. I would urge my fellow and candor is absolutely the best thing is appropriately called a low-level bu- Democrats in both the Congress and that the White House can do. reaucrat. the administration to refrain from an I mention the following things be- Mr. President, the point is not just uncompromising insistence on provi- cause I am concerned that the White that the White House has made inac- sions that will ultimately doom this

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00025 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S6658 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 21, 1996 important legislation. I would ask ev- ingredient in setting the stage for the ments exist in every country of the re- eryone to lay their political labels return of stability. In the next several gion save one. And the one exception, aside and move ahead with one thing in months, the administration looks to be Cuba, has become the target of particu- mind: the need to produce a good bill equally engaged in ensuring that the larly vigorous sanctions effort, which that helps Americans who need our proper circumstances arise for free and the administration hopes will hasten help. fair elections to take place, which the fall of the Castro regime and open f would go a long way toward paving the the way for the transition to democ- way for a U.S. withdrawal and bringing racy. Although I must confess to hav- PRESIDENT CLINTON’S FOREIGN the issue to a close. ing opposed the tightening of sanc- POLICY ACHIEVEMENTS Russia follows close on Bosnia’s heels tions, I cannot argue with the adminis- Mr. PELL. Mr. President, 1996 is fast as a major foreign policy success. The tration’s intent. emerging as one of the most critical recent conclusion of the first round of The administration’s effort to restore years of the post-cold-war period. Ear- the Presidential elections is a remark- Haitian President Aristide to power lier this year, Taiwan concluded Presi- able development in and of itself. For represents, of course, a milestone in dential elections, taking a firm step to- the first time in Russia’s history, a the hemisphere’s transition to democ- ward a pro-democratic course under Russian leader has endeavored to seek racy. In Haiti, much as in Bosnia, this China’s watchful eye. India and Israel reelection, further strengthening pros- administration inherited a seemingly recently held elections that resulted in pects for the emergence of a Russian insoluble problem, to which it brought dramatic shifts of power in both coun- democratic culture. And the Clinton energy, courage, creativity, and ulti- tries. Russia just concluded the first administration’s policy of engaging— mately, a resolve to use justifiable round of balloting in its Presidential without actually endorsing—Yeltsin force, and thereby achieved its goal. elections, and a second round is sched- appears now to have been brilliantly Finally, Mr. President, I would say a uled shortly in which Russians will conceived and well implemented. word about Africa, where United States face a stark choice between the West- Turning to Asia, one simply cannot interests have not been so easily de- leaning Yeltsin and the former com- neglect China. China is the most im- fined as they have elsewhere, and munist Zyuganov. Later this year, Bos- portant country in the region, and the which consequently has suffered occa- nia is scheduled to hold elections as United States-China bilateral relation- sionally from a lack of attention from well, the outcome of which may well ship is one of the most critical in the Washington. Not so with the Clinton determine whether that war-torn, frag- world. Our relations with China are so administration, which has made a real mented country will continue to exist. complex and multifaceted that it is dif- effort to promote stability, encourage As President Clinton said recently, ficult to do them justice in so brief a the emergence of democratic trends, ‘‘we live in a moment of hope.’’ The de- discussion. I would only say that in and disburse U.S. assistance effectively mise of the cold war, the emergence of such an intricate relationship, there to promote sustainable development. democratic trends across the globe, ad- are bound to be successes as well as The obvious high point is, of course, vances in telecommunications and the failures. I, for one, credit the Clinton the peaceful transfer of power and the exchange of information—all of these administration for pursuing a better domestic election of President Mandela are helping to create a new inter- trade relationship with China, which in South Africa. But there are equally national environment, which will force can promote cooperation, and ulti- important—if lesser known—success a realignment in the fundamental rela- mately progress, in other areas. I think stories such as Botswana, which enjoys tionship between States, and augurs the agreements on trade the adminis- a freely elected government and re- cently graduated altogether from for a more stable and cooperative tration has achieved so far constitute a United States assistance. world. good foundation, but the key challenge As we complete what appears to be a To sum up, each of the highlights from here is to ensure that agreements that I have touched upon represent sig- transition period into an era of unprec- are enforced and commitments honored edented opportunity, the world will nificant achievements in their own in order for broader progress to come. right. In and of themselves, they com- look to the United States—as the only Elsewhere in Asia, the administra- mand respect and recognition of a job true remaining superpower—for guid- tion’s actions with regard to North well done by the Clinton administra- ance and moral authority. Any Presi- Korea deserve special mention and tion in the foreign policy area. Collec- dent of the United States, of course, commendation. It is indeed no small tively, they provide overwhelming evi- immediately plays an epic role on the matter that the Clinton administration dence that the administration is up to world’s stage. But President Clinton has, in essence, prevented one of the the challenge of leading the United seems to be paying a more critical role world’s most dangerous rogue states States into the next millennium, which than most. from going nuclear. In doing so, the ad- holds promise for tremendous oppor- During the past 4 years, the Clinton ministration has set a strong precedent tunity for our country and its citizens. administration has worked assiduously and learned invaluable lessons that it to exert influence over and capitalize can apply to other aspiring nuclear f on the momentous changes that have powers. PROGRESS IN THE MIDDLE EAST occurred. President Clinton’s solid In the Middle East, the Clinton ad- PEACE TALKS record of achievement, I would argue, ministration has made a superb effort Mrs. HUTCHISON. Mr. President, I demonstrates beyond all doubt that he to stabilize the region and broaden wish today to emphasize the hope all has the requisite vision and courage to international acceptance of Israel. Texans and all Americans have for con- steer the ship of state into the next Israel’s peace agreements with Jordan tinued progress in the Middle East century. If you will permit me, I will and the Palestinians represent achieve- peace talks as heads of state of Arab give a brief tour of the international ments that are, in my view, irrevers- countries begin a summit meeting in horizon to underscore my point. ible. I am sure that the election of a Cairo, Egypt. In Europe and the former Soviet new government in Israel will prompt These leaders are meeting the same Union, the Clinton administration has some changes in the calculus for a week that Prime Minister-elect Ben- achieved some of its greatest foreign comprehensive peace, which ultimately jamin Netanyahu presented his new policy successes. Clinton’s active en- should include Lebanon, Syria, and the cabinet to the Israeli Knesset for ap- gagement in Bosnia—a mine field Persian Gulf States. But I would argue proval. Prime Minister-elect where Presidents, policymakers, and that whatever changes occur are more Netanyahu has expressed his own sup- pundits once feared to tread—has likely to have an impact on the timing, port for peace by listing as a guideline brought a halt to the bloodshed and rather than the inevitability, of nor- of his new Government that ‘‘Israel killing in one of Europe’s most destruc- mal relations between Israel and the will work to broaden the circle of peace tive and intractable conflicts. The Arab States. with all of its neighbors.’’ presence of U.S. troops—whom early In the Western Hemisphere, the Clin- Mr. President, the United States critics predicted would be drawn into a ton administration can say with pride must continue to be an important in- fighting war—has proven to be the key that democratically elected govern- fluence for peace in the Middle East

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00026 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS June 21, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6659 and throughout the world. President were referred or ordered to lie on the LIHEAP households may also receive funds Clinton himself recently stated that he table as indicated: for weather-related and supply shortage hopes the Arab leaders who attend this POM–611. A resolution adopted by the emergencies; and summit will ‘‘give Mr. Netanyahu an Council of the City of Toledo, Ohio, relative ‘‘Whereas, LIHEAP recipients are among opportunity to constitute his govern- to the minimum wage; to the Committee on the poorest households in America, with Labor and Human Resources. nearly three-fifths having an annual income ment and set a policy and not presume POM–612. A concurrent resolution adopted of less than $6,000; and that we can’t pursue peace.’’ by the Legislature of the State of Delaware; Under these circumstances, Mr. ‘‘Whereas, while critical, LIHEAP benefits to the Committee on Labor and Human Re- only cover about 30 percent of the energy President, I know that it is the hope of sources. costs of LIHEAP recipients; and my colleagues here, and people all ‘‘HOUSE CONCURRENT RESOLUTION NO. 38 ‘‘Whereas, families whose utilities are dis- across America that the governments ‘‘Whereas improving patient access to connected because they cannot pay their attending the summit in Cairo, and quality health care is a paramount national bills face such risks as food spoilage, lack of governments throughout the Middle goal; and sanitation, or eviction, that can lead to East, reaffirm their commitment to a ‘‘Whereas the key to improved health care, hopelessness: Now, therefore, be it especially for persons with serious unmet comprehensive peace in the Middle medical needs, is the rapid approval of safe ‘‘Resolved by the House of Representatives of East. and effective new drugs, biological products, the Eighteenth Legislature of the State of Ha- I believe, too, that it will be particu- and medical devices; and waii, Regular Session of 1996, the Senate con- larly important that these leaders ex- ‘‘Whereas minimizing the delay between curring, That Congress is urged to continue press their willingness to work with discovery and eventual approval of a new the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance the democratically elected government drug, biological product, or medical device Program; and be it further of Israel to pursue a meaningful peace. derived from research conducted by innova- ‘‘Resolved, That certified copies of this Mr. President, through great courage tive pharmaceutical and biotechnology com- Concurrent Resolution be transmitted to the President of the United States Senate, the on all sides, we’ve made significant panies could improve the lives of millions of Americans; and Speaker of the United States House of Rep- strides toward peace. We hope and pray ‘‘Whereas current limitations on the dis- resentatives, and Hawaii’s Congressional that we continue down that path. semination of information about pharma- Delegation.’’ f ceutical products reduce the availability of information to physicians, other health care THE VERY BAD DEBT BOXSCORE POM–614. A concurrent resolution adopted professionals, and patients, and unfairly by the Legislature of the State of Iowa; to Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, at the limit the right of free speech guaranteed by the Committee on Labor and Human Re- close of business yesterday, Thursday, the First Amendment to the United States sources. June 20, 1996, the Federal debt stood at Constitution; and $5,108,536,115,006.17. ‘‘Whereas the current rules and practices ‘‘SENATE CONCURRENT RESOLUTION NO. 109 governing the review of new drugs, biological On a per capita basis, every man, ‘‘Whereas, improving patient access to products, and medical devices by the United woman, and child in America owes quality health care is a paramount national States Food and Drug Administration can goal; and $19,268.73 as his or her share of that delay approvals and are unnecessarily expen- debt. sive; Now, therefore, be it ‘‘Whereas, the key to improved health care f ‘‘Resolved by the House of Representatives of in many cases and especially for individuals MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT the 138th General Assembly of the State of Dela- with serious unmet medical needs, is the ware, the Senate concurring therein, That the rapid development and approval of safe and Messages from the President of the State Legislature respectfully urges the Con- effective drugs, biological products, and United States were communicated to gress of the United States to address this im- medical devices; and the Senate by Mr. Thomas, one of his portant issue by enacting comprehensive leg- ‘‘Whereas, minimizing the delay between secretaries. islation to facilitate the rapid review and ap- discovery and eventual approval of a new EXECUTIVE MESSAGES REFERRED proval of innovative new drugs, biological drug, biological product, or medical device As in executive session the Presiding products, and medical devices, without com- derived from research conducted by innova- Officer laid before the Senate messages promising patient safety or product effec- tive pharmaceutical and biotechnology com- tiveness; and be it further panies could improve the lives of millions of from the President of the United ‘‘Resolved, That copies of this Resolution individuals; and States submitting sundry nominations be transmitted forthwith by the Clerk of the ‘‘Whereas, current limitations on the dis- which were referred to the Committee House or Secretary of the Senate to the semination of information about pharma- on Armed Services. President of the United States, the Speaker ceutical products reduce the availability of (The nominations received today are of the United States House of Representa- information to health care professionals and printed at the end of the Senate pro- tives, and President of the United States patients, and may be viewed as interfering ceedings.) Senate, and to each member of the United with the right of free speech guaranteed by States Senate and the United States House the first amendment to the Constitution of f of Representatives.’’ MESSAGES FROM THE HOUSE the United States; and POM–613. A concurrent resolution adopted ‘‘Whereas, the current regulations and At 11:13 a.m., a message from the by the Legislature of the State of Hawaii; to practices governing the review of new drugs, House of Representatives, delivered by the Committee on Labor and Human Re- biological products, and medical devices by Ms. Goetz, one of its reading clerks, an- sources. the United States Food and Drug Adminis- nounced that the House has passed the ‘‘HOUSE CONCURRENT RESOLUTION 259 tration may delay approval and are unneces- following bill, in which it requests the ‘‘Whereas, household energy costs for heat- sarily expensive: Now, therefore, be it concurrence of the Senate: ing, cooling, electricity, and other needs ac- ‘‘Resolved by the Senate, the House of Rep- H.R. 3662. An act making appropriations count for a sizable portion of living expenses resentatives concurring, That the Iowa Gen- for the Department of the Interior and re- for low-income families; and eral Assembly respectfully urges the Con- lated agencies for the fiscal year ending Sep- ‘‘Whereas, in 1980, to assist low-income gress of the United States to address this im- tember 30, 1997, and for other purposes. families with energy needs, Congress estab- portant issue by enacting comprehensive leg- islation to facilitate the rapid review and ap- f lished the Low-Income Home Energy Assist- ance Program (LIHEAP) as part of the Crude proval of innovative drugs, biological prod- MEASURE REFERRED Oil Windfall Profit Tax Act of 1980; and ucts, and medical devices, without compro- The following bill was read the first ‘‘Whereas, LIHEAP provides block grants mising patient safety or product effective- and second time by unanimous consent to the 50 states, the District of Columbia, ness; and be it further Puerto Rico, and Indian Tribal organizations ‘‘Resolved, That copies of this resolution be and referred as indicated: to assist eligible households in meeting the H.R. 3662. An act making appropriations transmitted to the President of the United costs of home energy; and States, the Speaker of the United States for the Department of the Interior and re- ‘‘Whereas, under the program, states make lated agencies for the fiscal year ending Sep- House of Representatives, the President of payments directly to eligible households or the United States Senate, and to each mem- tember 30, 1997, and for other purposes; to to home energy suppliers on behalf of eligi- the Committee on Appropriations. ber of the United States Senate and House of ble households, and payments may be pro- Representatives.’’ f vided in cash, fuel, prepaid utility bills, or as PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS vouchers, stamps, or coupons that may be used in exchange for energy supplies; and POM–615. A joint resolution adopted by the The following petitions and memo- ‘‘Whereas, in addition to providing assist- Legislature of the State of Maine; to the rials were laid before the Senate and ance for heating and cooling needs, eligible Committee on Labor and Human Resources.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00027 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S6660 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 21, 1996

‘‘JOINT RESOLUTION drugs, biological products, and medical de- ginia to the Committee on Labor and Human ‘‘Whereas, improving patient access to vices, without compromising patient safety Resources. quality health care is a paramount national or product effectiveness; and be it further ‘‘SENATE JOINT RESOLUTION NO. 75 goal; and ‘‘Resolved, That properly inscribed copies ‘‘Whereas, the epidemic of violence which ‘‘Whereas, the key to improved health of this resolution be transmitted forthwith has engulfed this country has spread to chil- care, especially for persons with serious to the President of the United States, the dren and has spilled over into every realm of unmet medical needs, is the rapid approval Speaker of the United States House of Rep- society, including our local public elemen- of safe and effective new drugs, biological resentatives, the President of the United tary and secondary schools; and products and medical devices; and States Senate, and to each member of the ‘‘Whereas, public school officials have en- ‘‘Whereas, minimizing the delay between Missouri Delegation of Congress.’’ deavored, by engaging in broad-based discus- discovery and eventual approval of a new sion and solution development, to ensure POM–617. A joint resolution adopted by the drug, biological product or medical device safe and healthy environments, conducive to Legislature of the State of New Hampshire, derived from research conducted by innova- learning, in the Commonwealth’s schools; to the Committee on Labor and Human Re- tive pharmaceutical and biotechnology com- and sources. panies could improve the lives of millions of ‘‘Whereas, however, many disciplinary Americans; and ‘‘HOUSE JOINT RESOLUTION 21 measures have been, and may be necessary in ‘‘Whereas, current limitations on the dis- ‘‘Whereas, the United States Department the future, to provide disincentives to unac- semination of information about pharma- of Education has shown a tendency toward ceptable behavior; and ceutical products reduce the availability of direct, federal control of schools and to reor- ‘‘Whereas, public schools have a statutory information to physicians, other health care ganize education into a centralized function responsibility for educating students with professionals and patients, and unfairly limit which cannot adequately address the needs disabilities, pursuant to the Federal Individ- the right of free speech guaranteed by the and desires of the states and their local com- uals with Disabilities Education Act and First Amendment to the United States Con- munities; and long-standing state law; and stitution; and ‘‘Whereas, the inhabitants of the states ‘‘Whereas, Virginia has always been proud ‘‘Whereas, the current rules and practices and their local communities are better suit- of her history of enlightened and progressive governing the review of new drugs, biological ed to control within their means, curricula policies for students with disabilities, estab- products and medical devices by the United and costs within their own domain; and lishing state law for education of handi- States Food and Drug Administration can ‘‘Whereas, the funds now being expended capped students long before the federal law delay approvals and are unnecessarily expen- by the United States Department of Edu- was enacted, and operating programs and fa- sive: Now, therefore, be it cation can be better employed if sent di- cilities to educate such students at state ex- Resolved, That We, your Memorialists, re- rectly to the states and their local commu- pense; and spectfully urge the Congress of the United nities: Now, therefore, be it ‘‘Whereas, however, in recent years the ‘‘Resolved by the Senate and House of Rep- States to address this important issue by en- Commonwealth has been engaged in a legal resentatives in General Court convened: That acting comprehensive legislation to facili- tug of war with the federal government be- the United States Department of Education tate the rapid review and approval of innova- cause of its policy of equal application of dis- be abolished, and that the funds now distrib- tive drugs, biological products and medical ciplinary requirements; and uted by the Department be granted directly ‘‘Whereas, the Commonwealth is presently devices, without compromising patient safe- to the states on a per capita basis, without under a hearing officer’s order to provide ty or product effectiveness; and be it further restriction, except that these funds shall be free appropriate educational programs to all Resolved, That suitable copies of this Me- applied only to public education; and That students with disabilities, including those morial, duly authenticated by the Secretary copies of this resolution be sent by the house students who have engaged in violent or dan- of State, be transmitted to the honorable clerk to the President of the United States, gerous behavior and have subsequently been William J. Clinton, President of the United the Speaker of the House of Representatives, suspended or expelled; and States, to the President of the Senate and the President of the United States Senate, ‘‘Whereas, although Virginia will comply the Speaker of the House of Representatives and New Hampshire’s congressional delega- with dignity to this order, this matter is of the Congress of the United States and to tion.’’ still being contested, and many experts and each Member of the Maine Congressional other citizens believe that violence can only Delegation.’’ POM–618. A resolution adopted by the be curbed in the public schools by providing House of Representatives of the Legislature equitable and strong measures for the dis- POM–616. A resolution adopted by the Sen- of the Sate on New Hampshire; to the Com- cipline of all students, including those stu- ate of the Legislature of the State of Mis- mittee on Labor and Human Resources. dents with disabilities who have been sus- souri; to the Committee on Labor and pended or expelled and whose behavior is un- Human Resources. ‘‘HOUSE RESOLUTION 61 ‘‘Whereas, a key to improve health care, related to their handicaps: Now, therefore, ‘‘SENATE RESOLUTION 1326 especially for persons with serious unmet be it ‘‘Whereas, improving patient access to medical needs, is the rapid approval of safe ‘‘Resolved by the Senate, the House of Dele- quality health care is a paramount national and effective drugs, biological products, and gates concurring, That the Congress of the goal; and medical devices; and United States be urged to provide, in the re- ‘‘Whereas, the key to improved health ‘‘Whereas, minimizing the delay between authorization of the Individuals with Dis- care, especially for persons with serious discovery and eventual approval of new abilities Education Act, disciplinary flexi- unmet medical needs, is the rapid approval drugs, biological products, or medical de- bility to state and local education agencies of safe and effective new drugs, biological vices derived from research conducted by in- in order that they might more easily be able products, and medical devices; and novative pharmaceutical and biotechnology to ensure safe and healthy learning environ- ‘‘Whereas, minimizing the delay between companies could improve the lives of mil- ments in the Commonwealth’s public discovery and eventual approval of a new lions of Americans; and schools; and be it drug, biological product, or medical device Whereas, the current rules and practices ‘‘Resolved further, That the Clerk of the derived from research conducted by innova- governing the review of new drugs, biological Senate shall transmit copies of this resolu- tive pharmaceutical and biotechnology com- products, and medical devices by the United tion to the President of the United States, panies could improve the lives of millions of States Food and Drug Administration can the President of the United States Senate, Americans; and cause unnecessary delay and expense: Now, the Speaker of the United States House of ‘‘Whereas, current limitation on the dis- therefore, be it Representatives, and the members of the semination of information about pharma- ‘‘Resolved by the House of Representatives, Virginia congressional delegation in order ceutical products reduce the availability of That the Congress of the United States is that they may be apprised of the sense of the information to physicians, other health care hereby urged to address this important issue General Assembly of Virginia.’’ professionals, and patients, and unfairly by enacting comprehensive legislation to fa- limit the right of free speech guaranteed by cilitate the rapid review and approval of in- POM–620. A joint resolution adopted by the the First Amendment to the United States novative new drugs, biological products, and Legislature of the Commonwealth of Vir- Constitution; and medical devices, without compromising pa- ginia; to the Committee on Labor and ‘‘Whereas, the current rules and practices tient safety or product effectiveness; and Human Resources. governing the review of new drugs, biological That copies of this resolution, signed by the ‘‘HOUSE JOINT RESOLUTION NO. 82 products, and medical devices by the United speaker of the house, be sent by the house ‘‘Whereas, for the purposes of serving stu- States Food and Drug Administration can clerk to the President of the United States, dents who are educationally at-risk, the delay approvals and are unnecessarily expen- the Speaker of the United States House of Commonwealth has received a separate fed- sive; Now, therefore, be it Representatives, the President of the United eral appropriation for each program targeted ‘‘Resolved by the Senate, That we respect- States Senate, and the New Hampshire con- to assisting educationally at-risk students fully urge the Congress of the United States gressional delegation.’’ and public schools, although such programs to address this important issue by enacting are related; and comprehensive legislation to facilitate the POM–619. A joint resolution adopted by the ‘‘Whereas, accountability for the use of rapid review and approval of innovative new Legislature of the Commonwealth of Vir- these separate pools of funds often results in

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00028 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS June 21, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6661

the duplication of services, inefficient serv- ‘‘HOUSE CONCURRENT RESOLUTION 28 ing the afternoon hours) (138 Cong. Rec. ice delivery, and inconsistency because of ‘‘Whereas, status offenses consist of con- S6846); Illinois on May 12, 1992 (138 Cong. Rec. the lack of communication among schools duct which is not criminal when committed H3729, H3739, S6846, S8387–8); California on and agencies serving the same groups of chil- by adults, such as truancy and running away June 26, 1992 (138 Cong. Rec. H10100, S18271, dren; and from home; and E2237); Rhode Island on June 10, 1993 (139 ‘‘Whereas, the regulations governing such ‘‘Whereas, the decriminalization of status Cong. Rec. H4681, S9981–2); Hawaii on April programs are difficult to change, limiting offenses has given children of all ages a li- 29, 1994 (140 Cong. Rec. H3791, S7956); and program effectiveness and efficient service cense to decide what is best for themselves, Washington on April 6, 1995 (141 Cong. Rec. delivery to eligible students and schools; and regardless of whether or not they place H9743, S7917); and ‘‘Whereas, the 1995 reauthorization of the themselves in jeopardy or have the ability to ‘‘Whereas, the purpose of the Twenty-Sev- Improving America’s Schools Act of 1994 handle that license; and enth Article of Amendment is in keeping (IASA), provided states an opportunity to ‘‘Whereas, parents and families are acutely with the desires of the people of this Com- submit one consolidated plan for the coordi- experiencing the effects of this idealistic, il- monwealth that pay raises for members of nated use of programs and moneys for educa- lusory, and ineffective public policy which the U.S. Congress be deferred until a biennial tionally at-risk students; and has led to the undermining of parental re- election of the U.S. House of Representatives ‘‘Whereas, the Board of Education elected sponsibility thus contributing to a break- has intervened, so as to avoid conflicts of in- to submit a consolidated plan to include all down in family discipline; and terest and appearances of impropriety; and eligible programs under the act; and ‘‘Whereas, temporary, secure detention of ‘‘Whereas, it is not at all unusual for state ‘‘Whereas, this comprehensive approach to status offenders before they engage in a dan- legislatures to continue to act upon an delivering educational services to children is gerous or unhealthy lifestyle is a part of so- amendment to the U.S. Constitution well more effective and efficient, reduces duplica- ciety’s responsibility to protect children who after that amendment has become part of tion of services, and facilitates and enhances are at risk, and the exercise of which is pre- our federal charter. In 1976, for instance, the communication among schools and agencies vented by the status offender mandates: Now Kentucky General Assembly postratified the administering such educational programs therefore, be it Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Arti- and providing related support services; and ‘‘Resolved by the House of Representatives, cles of Amendment to the U.S. Constitution ‘‘Whereas, the opportunity to coordinate the Senate concurring, That Congress should more than a full century after all three of these educational and support services will repeal the decriminalization of status of- them had already been incorporated into the impact the academic achievement of the fenses mandate contained in the federal Ju- nation’s highest law; Now, therefore, be it children served in a measurable and positive venile Justice Delinquency Prevention Act ‘‘Resolved by the General Assembly of the way: Now, therefore, be it of 1974 and return control over juvenile jus- Commonwealth of Kentucky: ‘‘Resolved by the House of Delegates, the Sen- tice to the states; be it further ‘‘Section 1. In pursuance of Article V of the ate concurring, That the Congress of the ‘‘Resolved, That copies of this Resolution U.S. Constitution, and in conformity with United States and the President be urged to be transmitted to the President of the the 1939 ruling of the U.S. Supreme Court in support consolidated state plans under the United States, the Speaker of the United the landmark case of Coleman v. Miller, the Improving America’s Schools Act of 1994 for States House of Representatives, the Presi- Twenty-Seventh Article of Amendment to federally supported programs for education- dent of the United States Senate, and all of the U.S. Constitution, as quoted above, is ally at-risk students; and, be it the members of Iowa’s congressional delega- hereby postratified by the Kentucky General ‘‘Resolved further, That the Clerk of the tion.’’ Assembly so that this Commonwealth’s spe- House of Delegates transmit copies of this cial stamp of approval may be affixed there- resolution to the President of the United POM–624. A joint resolution adopted by the to. States, the Speaker of the House of Rep- General Assembly of the Commonwealth of ‘‘Section 2. The Secretary of State of the resentatives, the President of the United Kentucky; to the Committee on the Judici- Commonwealth of Kentucky shall cause true States Senate, the Virginia Liaison Office, ary. and correct copies of this Joint Resolution and the members of the Virginia Congres- ‘‘JOINT RESOLUTION to be sent to the Archivist of the United sional Delegation to apprise them of the States, in accordance with Pub. L. No. 98–497, ‘‘Whereas, convened in New York City, the sense of the General Assembly of Virginia.’’ to the Vice President of the United States, very First Congress of the United States on and to the Speaker of the United States September 25, 1789, submitted a proposed POM–621. A petition from a citizen of the House of Representatives, with the respect- amendment to the United States Constitu- State of Texas relative to a Constitutional ful request that it be officially published in tion to the state legislatures for their con- convention; to the Committee on the Judici- the Congressional Record.’’ ary. sideration, in pursuance of Article V of that Constitution, which reads as follows: POM–622. A resolution adopted by the Leg- POM–625. A resolution adopted by the Leg- ‘Twenty-Seventh Article of Amendment islature of the State of Alaska; to the Com- islature of the Commonwealth of Massachu- No law, varying the compensation for the mittee on Judiciary. setts; to the Committee on Judiciary. services of the (U.S.) Senators and (U.S.) ‘‘HOUSE JOINT RESOLUTION 30 Representatives, shall take effect, until an ‘‘RESOLUTION ‘‘Whereas federal courts have ordered a election of (U.S.) Representatives shall have ‘‘Whereas, in a five-to-four decision on state or political subdivision of a state to intervened.’ and which had been presented to April eighteenth, Nineteen hundred and levy or increase taxes; and the state legislatures for ratification with- ninety, the United States Supreme Court ex- ‘‘Whereas such an order violated funda- out a time constraint upon its consideration; tended the power of the judicial branch of mental principles of separation of powers and government beyond any defensible bounds; under which the legislative branch is ‘‘Whereas, this particular constitutional and charged with the enactment of laws; and amendment became the Twenty-Seventh Ar- ‘‘Whereas, in Missouri v. Jenkins (110 Sup. ‘‘Whereas such an order, coming from a ticle of Amendment to the U.S. Constitution Ct. 1651 (1990)), the United States Supreme federal court, severely undermines the inde- during the morning hours of May 7, 1992, Court held that a Federal court had the pendence of each of the states; be it when the Legislature of the State of Michi- power to order an increase in State and local ‘‘Resolved by the Alaska State Legislature, gan supplied the thirty-eighth approval of it; taxes; and That the Congress of the United States is re- and ‘‘Whereas, this unprecedented decision vio- quested to prepare and present to the legisla- ‘‘Whereas, on May 18, 1992, the Archivist of lates one of the fundamental tenets of the ture of all the states an amendment to the the United States issued a proclamation, doctrine of separation of powers, that the Constitution of the United States that would published in 57 Fed. Reg. 21187–8, which offi- members of the Federal judiciary should not prohibit a federal court from ordering a state cially declared the 202-year-old constitu- have the power to tax; and or political subdivision of a state to increase tional amendment to have become part of ‘‘Whereas, in response to this decision, sev- or impose taxes in substantially the fol- the U.S. Constitution; and eral Members of Congress have introduced a lowing language: Neither the Supreme Court ‘‘Whereas, on May 20, 1992, both the United constitutional amendment to re-establish a nor any inferior court of the United States States Senate and the United States House principle that has been well-settled: judges shall have the power to instruct or order a of Representatives separately adopted reso- do not have the power to tax; and state or political subdivision thereof, or an lutions in which each body expressed its ‘‘Whereas, the passage of such constitu- official of such state or political subdivision, agreement that the 202-year-old constitu- tional amendment (first by a two-thirds ma- to levy or increase taxes; and be it further tional amendment had validly become the jority in both Houses of Congress and then ‘‘Resolved, That the legislatures of all the Twenty-Seventh Article of Amendments to by three-fourths of the several States’ legis- states are invited to join with Alaska to se- the U.S. Constitution; and latures or conventions) would serve not only cure ratification of the proposed amend- ‘‘Whereas, subsequent to the determinative to reverse an unfortunate decision, but also ment.’’ ratification furnished by the Michigan Legis- to reassert the legislature’s constitutional lature, the Twenty-Seventh Article of role in maintaining a strong tripartite sys- POM–623. A concurrent resolution adopted Amendment was then postratified by the leg- tem of government, a system in which each by the Legislature of the State of Iowa; to islatures of the following states on the fol- of the branches is constrained by the others; the Committee on the Judiciary. lowing dates: New Jersey on May 7, 1992 (dur- and

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00029 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S6662 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 21, 1996 ‘‘Whereas, such proposed constitutional ‘‘Whereas, Thomas Jefferson recognized or attend their children’s educational and amendment is a long overdue response to a the importance of a balanced budget when he extracurricular activities, and for other pur- Federal judiciary that, in the pursuit of wrote ‘‘The question whether one generation poses; to the Committee on Labor and seemingly good end, fails to recognize the has the right to bind another by the deficit Human Resources. constitutional limits on its power; and it imposes is a question of such consequence By Mrs. KASSEBAUM (for herself, Mr. ‘‘Whereas, in addition to being introduced as to place it among the fundamental prin- KENNEDY, Mr. JEFFORDS, Mr. PELL, in the United States Congress such constitu- ciples of government. We should consider and Mr. HATFIELD): tional amendment has also been proposed by ourselves unauthorized to saddle posterity S. 1897. A bill to amend the Public Health several States; and with our debts, and morally bound to pay Service Act to revise and extend certain pro- ‘‘Whereas, the text of such proposed con- them ourselves’’; and grams relating to the National Institutes of stitutional amendment reads: ‘Neither the ‘‘Whereas, the principal functions of the Health, and for other purposes; to the Com- Supreme Court nor any inferior court of the Constitution of the United States include: mittee on Labor and Human Resources. United States shall have the power to in- promoting the broadest principles of a gov- f struct or order a State or political subdivi- ernment of, by, and for the people; setting sion thereof, or an official of such State or forth the most fundamental responsibilities SUBMISSION OF CONCURRENT AND political subdivision, to levy or increase of government; and enumerating and lim- SENATE RESOLUTIONS taxes’; and iting the powers of the government to pro- The following concurrent resolutions ‘‘Whereas, such amendment seeks properly tect the basic rights of the People; and and Senate resolutions were read, and to prevent Federal courts from levying or in- ‘‘Whereas, the federal government’s unlim- creasing taxes without representation of the ited ability to borrow involves decisions of referred (or acted upon), as indicated: people and against the people’s wishes. such magnitude, with such potentially pro- By Mr. LAUTENBERG (for himself, Therefore be it found consequences for the nation and its Mr. BROWN, and Mr. LIEBERMAN): ‘‘Resolved, That the Massachusetts Senate People, today and in the future, that it is ap- S. Res. 268. A resolution expressing the hereby memorializes the United States Con- propriately a subject for limitation by the sense of the Senate with respect to the sum- gress to propose and submit to the several Constitution of the United States; and mit of Arab heads of state being held in States for ratification no later than January ‘‘Whereas, the Constitution vests the ulti- Cairo beginning on June 21, 1996; to the Com- first, Nineteen Hundred and Ninety-six, an mate responsibility to approve or disapprove mittee on Foreign Relations. amendment to the Constitution of the of amendments to the Constitution of the By Mr. LOTT (for himself and Mr. United States, the text of which amendment United States with the People of the several DASCHLE): shall read: States, as represented by their elected Legis- S. Res. 269. A resolution to authorize testi- ‘‘ ‘Neither the Supreme Court nor any infe- latures; and mony and representation of former Senate rior Court of the United States shall have ‘‘Whereas, opposition by a small minority employee in Ward v. United States; consid- the power to instruct or order a State or po- within Congress and, on occasion, by the ered and agreed to. litical subdivision thereof, or an official or President, has repeatedly thwarted the will By Mr. LIEBERMAN (for himself, Mr. such State or political subdivision, to levy or of the People of the United States that a LUGAR, Mr. BIDEN, Mr. SPECTER, Mrs. increase taxes’; and calls upon the Massachu- Balanced Budget Amendment to the Con- FEINSTEIN, and Mr. MOYNIHAN): setts congressional delegation to use imme- stitution of the United States should be sub- S. Res. 270. A resolution urging continued diately the full measure of its resources and mitted to the States for ratification, while and increased United States support for the influence in order to ensure the passage of large majorities of both Houses of Congress efforts of the International Criminal Tri- such amendment to the Constitution of the already have prepared, considered, and voted bunal for the former Yugoslavia to bring to United States, which provides that no court for such amendment: Now, therefore, be it justice the perpetrators of gross violations of shall have the power to levy or increase ‘‘Resolved by the Senate, the House of Dele- international law in the former Yugoslavia; taxes; and further proposes that the legisla- gates concurring, That the Congress of the to the Committee on Foreign Relations. tures of each of the several States com- United States be urged to submit a balanced f prising the United States which have not yet budget amendment to the United States Con- STATEMENTS ON INTRODUCED made similar request apply to the United stitution to the states for ratification. The States Congress requesting enactment of Congress is encouraged to expeditiously pass BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS such amendment to the United States Con- and propose an amendment that would re- By Mr. DODD: stitution; and be it further quire, in the absence of a national emer- S. 1896. A bill to amend the Family ‘‘Resolved, That copies of these resolutions gency, that the total of all federal appropria- and Medical Leave Act of 1993 to apply be transmitted forthwith by the Clerk of the tions made by the Congress for any fiscal the act to a greater percentage of the * * * to the Vice President of the United year may not exceed the total of all esti- States as the Presiding Officer of the Senate, mated federal revenues for that fiscal year; U.S. work force and to allow employees the * * * of the House of Representatives, and, be it to take parental involvement leave to each member of the Massachusetts Congres- ‘‘Resolved further, That the Legislatures of participate in or attend their children’s sional delegation, * * * officer and minority each of the several States be urged to apply educational and extracurricular activi- party leader in each house of the legislatures to the Congress requesting the proposal for ties and for other purposes; to the of each State * * *.’’ ratification of an appropriate amendment to Committee on Labor and Human Re- the Constitution of the United States; and, sources. POM–626. A joint resolution adopted by the be it THE FAMILY MEDICAL AND PARENTAL Legislature of the Commonwealth of Vir- ‘‘Resolved finally, That the Clerk of the ginia; to the Committee on the Judiciary. INVOLVEMENT LEAVE ACT OF 1996 Senate transmit copies of this resolution to ∑ ‘‘SENATE JOINT RESOLUTION NO. 146 the President of the United States Senate, Mr. DODD. Mr. President, in my nearly 16 years as a U.S. Senator few ‘‘Whereas, with each passing year this na- the Speaker of the House of Representatives tion becomes deeper in debt as its federal of the United States, each Member of the accomplishments have given me as government’s expenditures repeatedly exceed Virginia Congressional Delegation, the much pride as the day in February 1993 available revenues, so that the federal public Chairmen of the National Conference of when President Clinton signed into law debt is now approximately $4.9 trillion—or State Legislatures, the Council of State Gov- the Family and Medical Leave Act. $19,000 for every man, woman, and child; and ernments and the American Legislative Ex- Passage of this legislation was an ex- ‘‘Whereas, the annual federal budget has change Council, and the presiding officers of hausting, lengthy, and sometimes exas- not been balanced since 1969, demonstrating both Houses of the Legislatures of each of the other States in the Union.’’ perating process. But in the end, an unwillingness or inability of both the leg- through the hard and courageous work islative and executive branches of the federal f government to spend in conformity with of Senators from both sides of the po- available revenues; and INTRODUCTION OF BILLS AND litical aisle, the vast opportunities for ‘‘Whereas, knowledgeable planning, fiscal JOINT RESOLUTIONS family and medical leave were made prudence, and plain good sense require that The following bills and joint resolu- available to millions of Americans. the federal budget should not be manipulated tions were introduced, read the first In an era when the American people to present the appearance of being in bal- bemoan the lack of bipartisanship and ance, while, in fact, federal indebtedness and second time by unanimous con- sent, and referred as indicated: compromise in Washington, when they continues growing; and decry the blatant and nasty partner- ‘‘Whereas, believing that fiscal irrespon- By Mr. DODD: sibility at the federal level, which is result- S. 1896. A bill to amend the Family and ship, the Family and Medical Leave ing in a lower standard of living and endan- Medical Leave Act of 1993 to apply the Act to Act stands in sharp contrast. gering economic opportunity now and for the a greater percentage of the United States Family and medical leave is an issue next generation, is the greatest threat which workforce and to allow employees to take that truly goes beyond partisan polit- faces our nation; and parental involvement leave to participate in ical differences. It is something that

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00030 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS June 21, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6663 every American, be they Democrat or Additionally, through the Bureau of And a Carnegie Corp. study released Republican, can relate to and under- Labor Statistics, we commissioned two this spring found that, ‘‘Parents who stand. major research surveys to gauge the want their children to do well in school Enactment of the Family and Med- impact of family leave policies on em- must remain involved in their edu- ical Leave Act in 1993 threw millions of ployees and employers. These surveys cation through the middle and high struggling Americans a lifeline. It provided us with the first statistically school years.’’ made it easier for people to balance the valid, nationally representative data So many parents, however, simply responsibilities of work with their re- on the impact on the legislation. don’t have the time to participate in sponsibilities to their family. And most And, the overall findings of this com- school and community activities while important, it said to the American peo- mission are quite clear—family and balancing responsibilities to their job. ple: If you or a loved one becomes ill, medical leave is an overwhelming suc- A survey of 30,000 PTA leaders found you won’t be forced to choose between cess. What’s more, according to the that 89 percent of parents do not get your family and your job. commission’s final report, the law rep- involved in their children’s education But, my involvement with the issue resents ‘‘A significant step in helping a because they do not have enough time. of family and medical leave did not end larger cross-section of working Ameri- Yet another study indicates that 66 with its enactment. There is more cans meet their medical and family percent of employed parents report work to be done. caregiving needs while still maintain- that they don’t have enough time for Across America, working families, ing their jobs and economic security.’’ their children. And as the number of teachers, and school boards continue to Due to this legislation, Americans single-parent families, and families lament the lack of parental involve- have significantly greater opportuni- where both parents have to work, con- ment in their children’s lives. With ties to keep their health benefits, tinues to rise the constraints placed on more and more families working out- maintain job security, and take leave parents are only going to increase. side the home, with mothers and fa- for longer and for greater reasons. The bill that I introduce today rep- thers too busy and too stressed from While the American people have seen resents a genuine and commonsense ef- working long hours, children are losing expanded opportunities under this leg- fort to tackle these problems. It would the guiding hand they need from their islation, there is plenty of good news take a giant step toward widening the parents. for America’s businesses as well. opportunities provided under the Fam- The Family and Medical Leave Act The conclusions of the bipartisan re- ily and Medical Leave Act while giving performed a genuine need among port are a far cry from the concerns parents the chance to play a greater America’s working families to allow that were voiced when this law was role in their children’s education. them take leave in times of medical being considered in Congress. The vast While I’m fully aware this is an elec- and family emergency. This legislation majority of businesses—over 93 per- tion year, I introduce this legislation would continue that process by pro- cent—report little to no additional with the hope and expectation that we viding parents with the time they need costs associated with the Family and can put aside our political differences to make a difference in their children’s Medical Leave Act. More than 92 per- and build on the success of the Family education. For that reason, I am today intro- cent reported no noticeable effect on and Medical Leave Act. It’s common sense that hard working ducing legislation that would build on profitability. And nearly 96 percent re- people should not only be able to play our earlier successes while at the same ported no noticeable effect on growth. Additionally, 83 percent of employers time offering greater leave opportuni- a role in their children’s lives, but face ties and flexibility to our Nation’s fam- reported no noticeable impact on em- family crises without losing their jobs. ilies. ployee productivity. And of those that The American people understand the First, it would lower the threshold of have seen an effect nearly as many are need for these provisions and I urge all coverage to include worksites with 25 as likely to note a positive effect as a my colleagues to join me in supporting or more employees. Today, 40 percent negative one. In fact, 12.6 percent actu- this critically important legislation for of private sector employees remain un- ally report a positive effect on em- our Nation’s working families. protected by the Family and Medical ployee productivity from the Family Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- Leave Act because their worksite does and Medical Leave Act. sent that the text of the bill be printed not meet the current 50-or-more em- While the benefits of family leave in the RECORD. ployee threshold. have been clear, millions of Americans There being no objection, the bill was Second, the bill would grant eligible continue to face painful choices involv- ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as parents 24 hours of unpaid leave per ing their competing responsibilities to follows: year to participate in their children’s family and work. Those not covered by S. 1896 school or community group activities. FMLA are still often told that they Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- Parents would provide their employers must choose between sick family mem- resentatives of the United States of America in with at least 2 weeks notice and could bers and their jobs. And parents, who Congress assembled, take only 4 hours per month, unless want to participate in their children’s SECTION 1. COVERAGE OF EMPLOYEES. Paragraphs (2)(B)(ii) and (4)(A)(i) of section otherwise agreed to by the employer. school and community activities, even to attend parent-teacher conferences, 101 of the Family and Medical Leave Act of These are commonsense reforms that 1993 (29 U.S.C. 2611 (2)(B)(ii) and (4)(A)(i) are build on the successes of the Family find their employment responsibilities amended by striking ‘‘50’’ each place it ap- and Medical Leave Act while providing are forcing them to make impossible pears and inserting ‘‘25’’. expanded opportunities for American choices. SEC 2. PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT LEAVE. families. More and more parents are simply (a) LEAVE REQUIREMENT.—Section 102(a) of For those of my colleagues who too busy to take the time necessary to the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 (29 doubt the success of the Family and play an active role in their children’s U.S.C. 2612(a)) is amended by adding at the Medical Leave Act, I urge them to ex- education. This comes at a time when end the following: amine a recent bipartisan report, not only is a strong education so im- ‘‘(3) ENTITLEMENT TO PARENTAL INVOLVE- which indicates that the success of the portant to our Nation’s youth, but MENT LEAVE.— ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Subject to section 103(f), Family and Medical Leave Act is clear ample evidence indicates that parental an eligible employee shall be entitled to a cut. involvement in school activities has a total of 4 hours of leave during any 30-day When this legislation passed in 1933, dramatic impact on academic perform- period, and a total of 24 hours of leave during provisions of the bill established a ance. any 12-month period, in addition to leave commission to examine the impact of Studies have shown that academic available under paragraph (1), to participate the act on workers and businesses. The achievement is much higher at schools in or attend an activity that— ‘‘(i) is sponsored by a school or community commission’s analysis spanned 21⁄2 when parents are strongly involved. In organization; and years, including independent research fact, a recent study by the Department ‘‘(ii) relates to a program of the school or and field hearings across the country of Education found that parental in- organization that is attended by a son or to hear first hand about the act’s im- volvement is a key factor in the devel- daughter of the employee, including foster pact from individuals and businesses. opment of children’s reading skills. children.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00031 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S6664 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 21, 1996 ‘‘(B) DEFINITIONS.—As used in this para- (c) SUBSTITUTION OF PAID LEAVE.—Section Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, the graph: 6382(d) of such title is amended by inserting bill authorizes a number of other im- ‘‘(i) COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION.—The term before ‘‘, except’’ the following: ‘‘, or for portant institutes and initiatives. ‘community organization’ means a private leave provided under subsection (a)(3) any of Among them is research into new and nonprofit organization that is representative the employee’s accrued or accumulated an- of a community or a significant segment of nual leave under subchapter I for any part of resistant infections such as tuber- a community and provides activities for in- the 24-hour period of such leave under such culosis; and an Office of Rare Diseases dividuals described in subparagraph (A) or subsection’’. to support research on over 2,000 un- (B) of section 101(12), such as a scouting or (d) NOTICE.—Section 6382(e)(1) of such title common diseases that, together, afflict sports organization. is amended by adding at the end the fol- thousands of Americans. ‘‘(ii) SCHOOL.—The term ‘school’ means an lowing: ‘‘In any case in which an employee Another critical area that this bill elementary school or secondary school (as requests leave under subsection (a)(3), the addresses is the education and training such terms are defined in section 14101 of the employee shall provide the employing agen- of the next generation of clinical re- Elementary and Secondary Education Act of cy with not less than 7 day’s notice, before 1965 (20 U.S.C. 8801)), a Head Start program the date the leave is to begin, of the employ- searchers, the biomedical scientists assisted under the Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. ee’s intention to take leave under such sub- who perform research that directly in- 9831 et seq.), and a child care facility li- section.’’. volves patients. This bill provides for censed under State law.’’. (e) CERTIFICATION.—Section 6383 of such greater support for expert training of (b) SCHEDULE.—Section 102(b)(1) of such title is amended by adding at the end the fol- young biomedical scientists who have Act (29 U.S.C. 2612(b)(1)) is amended by in- lowing: elected the difficult, and increasingly serting after the second sentence the fol- ‘‘(f) An employing agency may require that competitive, careers in scientific in- lowing: ‘‘Leave under subsection (a)(3) may a request for leave under section 6382(a)(3) be be taken intermittently or on a reduced supported by a certification issued at such quiry. In addition, it provides impor- leave schedule.’’ time and in such manner as the Office of Per- tant resources for the 75 general clin- (c) SUBSTITUTION OF PAID LEAVE.—Section sonnel Management may by regulation pre- ical research centers that exist in aca- 102(d)(2)(A) of such Act (29 U.S.C. scribe.’’.∑ demic medical centers throughout the 2612(d)(2)(A)) is amended by inserting before country. the period the following: ‘‘, or for leave pro- By Mrs. KASSEBAUM (for her- The role of NIH in clinical research is vided under subsection (a)(3) for any part of self, Mr. KENNEDY, Mr. JEF- critical, since academic health centers the 24-hour period of such leave under such FORDS, Mr. PELL, and Mr. HAT- in the 21st century will be posed with subsection’’. FIELD): (d) NOTICE.—Section 102(e)(1) of such Act an unprecedented challenge: how to (29 U.S.C. 2612(e)(1) is amended by adding at S. 1897. A bill to amend the Public maintain their research mission in the the end of the following: ‘‘In any case in Health Service Act to revise and ex- face of a fundamentally changed health which an employee requests leave under sub- tend certain programs relating to the care system. These changes are the section (a)(3), the employee shall provide the National Institutes of Health, and for consequence of dramatic market shifts employer with not less than 7 day’s notice, other purposes; to the Committee on that are taking place in health care in before the date the leave is to begin, of the Labor and Human Resources. this country. They have a potentially employee’s intention to take leave under THE NIH REAUTHORIZATION ACT OF 1996 deleterious effect on the irreplaceable such subsection.’’. (e) CERTIFICATION.—Section 103 of such Act Mrs. KASSEBAUM. Mr. President, I work of this country’s academic health (29 U.S.C. 2613) is amended by adding at the rise today to introduce legislation centers. Cost competition has made it end the following: which supports the important work of particularly difficult for the continu- ‘‘(f) CERTIFICATION FOR PARENTAL INVOLVE- the National Institutes of Health. This ation of many of these established in- MENT LEAVE.—An employer may require that bill, the National Institutes of Health stitutions that frequently care for the a request for leave under section 102(a)(3) be Revitalization Act of 1996, will reau- sickest, as well as the poorest, citizens supported by a certification issued at such thorize the ongoing work of this out- of our communities. time and in such manner as the Secretary This bill also makes substantial ef- may by regulation prescribe.’’. standing Federal research institution. We all can take great pride in the ex- forts to reduce administrative excess SEC. 3. PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT LEAVE FOR CIVIL SERVANTS. ceptional contributions that the NIH and duplicative infrastructure at NIH. (a) LEAVE REQUIREMENTS.—Section 6382(a) has made to the improvement of the It reduces redundant committees and of title 5, United States Code, is amended by health of our citizens. reports. Every dollar saved from unnec- adding at the end the following: NIH grants constitute the bulk of essary administrative burdens is an- ‘‘(3)(A) Subject to section 6383(f), an em- support for biomedical research other dollar freed up for support of bio- ployee shall be entitled to a total of 4 hours throughout this country—almost $10 medical research. of leave during any 30-day period, and a total billion every year, distributed in near- By its very nature, ever-expanding of 24 hours of leave during any 12-month pe- riod, in addition to leave available under ly 25,000 separate grants. This unique scientific knowledge places pressure on paragraph (1), to participate in or attend an investment of talent and dollars has the limited resources for biomedical re- activity that— one simple, overriding goal—the ad- search support. Accordingly, this bill ‘‘(i) is sponsored by a school or community vancement of the health of Americans. provides for a Biomedical Research organization; and This agency is, indeed, an extraor- Trust Fund within the Treasury. This ‘‘(ii) relates to a program of the school or dinary success story. To cite just one trust fund is a first small step toward organization that is attended by a son or illustration: An NIH grant made pos- affording additional funds for the indis- daughter of the employee, including foster sible the discovery of the BRCA–1 gene, children. pensable research mission in this era of ‘‘(B) As used in this paragraph: a genetic marker for an important shrinking Federal resources. ‘‘(i) The term ‘community organization’ form of breast cancer. Such a discovery In conclusion, Mr. President, reau- means a private nonprofit organization that offers great promise for new strategies thorization of the important work of is representative of a community or a sig- for diagnosis and treatment of breast the National Institutes of Health rep- nificant segment of a community and pro- cancer and other serious illnesses. resents for the American people an in- vides activities for individuals described in As long term commitment to further vestment beyond compare or valuation. subparagraph (A) or (B) of section 6381(6), support of research into the mysteries I am pleased to welcome Senators KEN- such as a scouting or sports organization. ‘‘(ii) The term ‘school’ means an elemen- of the human genetic code, this bill au- NEDY, JEFFORDS, PELL, and HATFIELD tary school or secondary school (as such thorizes the creation of the National as original cosponsors of this legisla- terms are defined in section 14101 of the Ele- Human Genome Research Institute. tion. I urge my colleagues to support mentary and Secondary Education Act of The elevation of the National Center the adoption of the National Institutes 1965 (20 U.S.C. 8801)), a Head Start program for Genome Research to institute sta- of Health Revitalization Act of 1996. assisted under the Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. tus, while budget neutral, will ensure a Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. President, I 9831 et seq.) and a child care facility licensed continued focus of NIH resources for strongly support the NIH Revitaliza- under State law.’’. this important work. tion Act of 1996. The National Insti- (b) SCHEDULE.—Section 6382(b)(1) of such title is amended by inserting after the sec- Mr. President, in addition to reau- tutes of Health is the premier health ond sentence the following: ‘‘Leave under thorizing the lifesaving work of the care research center in this country subsection (a)(3) may be taken intermit- two largest institutes, the National and the world. Reauthorizing a strong tently or on a reduced leave schedule.’’ Cancer Institute and the National NIH should be a bipartisan goal.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00032 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS June 21, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6665 This bill reauthorizes the present In- body. Because of their efforts, today we consider to secure its financial future. stitutes, and provides a framework for have therapies, drugs and technologies I have proposed a 25-cent increase in the NIH to respond more effectively to that were unimaginable just a decade the tobacco tax, as well as a voluntary the health issues of today and the fu- ago. Of great importance to all Ameri- Federal income tax checkoff in the ture. cans is the outcome of our investment past, and would be willing to look at Clinical research is addressed by in- in biomedical research. We want to other options in the future such as corporating many of the provisions of know, what has been cured lately? How some sort of managed care set-aside. I the Hatfield-Kennedy clinical research have the billions we invest in NIH each believe this proposal marks the begin- enhancement bill. General Clinical Re- year reached Americans and eased ning of a longer-term strategy for bio- search Centers, which serve as an infra- their suffering? How has the chasm be- medical research funding and I am structure for clinical research and tween the scientist in the laboratory gratified by its inclusion in this bill. training, are authorized. Clinical Re- and the physician administering treat- Senator TOM HARKIN has been my long- search Career Enhancement Awards ment been bridged? To address that time partner in this matter and I know and Innovative Medical Science gulf, I believe we must heighten our he is as pleased as I am that the foun- Awards are created to support indi- support for translational—or clinical— dation for the fund has today been fur- vidual careers and research projects in research. To that end, I introduced S. ther advanced. clinical research. In addition, existing 1534 this year, the Clinical Research Finally, Senator KASSEBAUM has in- research assistance, training and loan Enhancement Act of 1996. This bill will cluded one additional piece of my legis- repayment programs are expanded to increase funding for clinical research, lative portfolio, S. 184, a bill to estab- include those involved in clinical in- improve training for persons planning lish an Office for Rare Disease Re- vestigations. clinical research careers, and modify search at the NIH to assist our citizens The human genome project which has the focus of the NIH to make it more who have the misfortune of suffering been so productive becomes the Na- receptive to clinical research pro- from uncommon diseases. This legisla- tional Human Genome Research Insti- posals. tion has already passed the Senate this tute. The Office of Rare Diseases is for- I am very pleased that Senator year, only to languish in the House. I mally established. A national fund for KASSEBAUM has included components of am hopeful that this vehicle will carry health research is created to provide S. 1534 in her legislation. The bill au- it through to enactment. additional financial resources. A num- thorizes the General Clinical Research This legislation, Mr. President, is es- ber of other changes are made to Centers which are the frontline troops sential for the continued effective streamline the administrative proc- not only in the training of clinical re- functioning of the National Institutes esses at NIH. searchers but in performing many of All of us recognize that a number of of Health, and for the continued health the clinical studies in our academic concerns require further discussion. of our citizens. I believe this legisla- medical centers. The 75 current centers NIH’s desires for maximum flexibility tion deserves our strong support and I have never been authorized despite have been addressed. We must also urge my colleagues to endorse its con- their continued congressional support meet the research and treatment needs tents. At this time, I would like to pub- since 1965. of particular diseases. I look forward to licly commend Senator KASSEBAUM’s The bill also establishes two new working together to find ways to ad- staff, David Stevens, Kent Bradley, and award programs: the Clinical Research dress Parkinson’s disease, the pediatric Ann Rufo, for their work in crafting Career Enhancement Awards and the research initiative, and diabetes. this revitalization package. They have We must also find ways to deal with Innovative Medical Science Awards. been mentors to my staff and have rep- the impact of managed care on medical These awards will provide both young resented Senator KASSEBAUM with training, education, and research. That and established investigators with the great dedication and commitment in problem that was the topic of our final resources needed to bridge unfunded putting this vital piece of legislation NIH hearing this year. periods while promoting continued together. clinical research and training. At Investment in health care research is f one of the soundest investments we can present training opportunities for per- make in the Nation’s future. The NIH sons considering clinical research ca- ADDITIONAL COSPONSORS reers are few and fragmented. Revitalization Act of 1996 is designed S. 901 The bill also expands loan repayment to maintain and strengthen our return At the request of Mr. BENNETT, the on this investment, and I look forward opportunities for young physician sci- entists to pursue research careers. Cur- name of the Senator from New Mexico to working with my colleagues on both [Mr. BINGAMAN] was added as a cospon- sides of the aisle to secure its enact- rently the average medical school graduate has a debt of $63,000. This bur- sor of S. 901, a bill to amend the Rec- ment. lamation Projects Authorization and Mr. HATFIELD. Mr. President, I am den has resulted in a decline of physi- cian researchers to just 2.2 percent of Adjustment Act of 1992 to authorize honored to join my friend and col- the Secretary of the Interior to partici- league from Kansas, Senator KASSE- the physician population of the United States. pate in the design, planning, and con- BAUM, in sponsoring legislation to revi- struction of certain water reclamation talize the crown jewel of medical Last year, Congress acknowledged and reuse projects and desalination re- science in this country, the National the importance of biomedical research search and development projects, and Institutes of Health. Senator KASSE- when it restored proposed cuts to the for other purposes. BAUM deserves the Nation’s gratitude NIH budget for 1996. As a result, we are for her commitment to biomedical re- now enjoying a 5.7-percent increase in S. 1794 search and her efforts to ensure that funding for the NIH. However, we have At the request of Mr. GREGG, the the wealth of this country is measured far to go in stabilizing funding for med- names of the Senator from Wyoming by the health of its citizens. ical research, and we must now turn [Mr. THOMAS], the Senator from Michi- The NIH has enhanced the health of our attention toward insuring sustain- gan [Mr. ABRAHAM], and the Senator our Nation immeasurably, and through able growth in the coming years. from Oklahoma [Mr. INHOFE] were the efforts of its scientists and staff I am pleased that Senator KASSE- added as cosponsors of S. 1794, a bill to continues to place us on the cutting BAUM’s legislation also includes my amend chapter 83 of title 5, United edge of biomedical research. Yet, as all bill, S. 1251, to establish a national States Code, to provide for the for- of us in this body know so well, all in- fund for health research. This fund will feiture of retirement benefits in the stitutions must evolve if they are to supplement annual appropriations to case of any Member of Congress, con- continue to thrive. The legislation in- the NIH by contributing public and pri- gressional employee, or Federal justice troduced today provides the elements vate donations to enhance research or judge who is convicted of an offense necessary for the NIH to evolve suc- grants. While the language in this bill relating to official duties of that indi- cessfully in the years to come. does not specify a funding source, I am vidual, and for the forfeiture of the re- Every year, medical researchers un- hopeful that when the bill comes to the tirement allowance of the President for cover more mysteries of the human floor we will have several options to such a conviction.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00033 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S6666 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 21, 1996 SENATE JOINT RESOLUTION 56 against the new Israeli Government preconditions for the continued pursuit At the request of Mr. HELMS, the that might create an atmosphere in the of peace. name of the Senator from New York region unfavorable to a continuation of Mr. President, the world will be [Mr. D’AMATO] was added as a cospon- the peace process. watching this meeting very carefully sor of Senate Joint Resolution 56, a The resolution had been cleared by in the hope that the Arab countries joint resolution disapproving the ex- the Senate Foreign Relations Com- will remain partners with Israel in the tension of nondiscriminatory treat- mittee, all Democratic Senators, the pursuit of a comprehensive peace in the ment (most-favored-nation treatment) Democratic leadership, and Members Middle East. The road to a comprehen- to the products of the People’s Repub- on both sides of the aisle. It was poised sive peace is never easy, and all must lic of China. for approval by full Senate. However, conduct themselves with care and di- f at the last minute, the junior Senator plomacy to avoid potential misunder- from Texas, Senator HUTCHISON, ob- standings. SENATE RESOLUTION 268—REL- jected to the Senate taking up the res- Mr. President, the United States is ATIVE TO THE SUMMIT OF ARAB olution because of an entirely unre- not prejudging the new Israeli Govern- HEADS OF STATE BEING HELD lated matter. As a result, Mr. Presi- ment. The Arab leaders meeting in IN CAIRO dent, this resolution on the Middle Cairo should not either. Mr. LAUTENBERG (for himself, Mr. East was blocked. And that is very un- I ask unanimous consent that the BROWN, and Mr. LIEBERMAN) submitted fortunate because many of the nations text of an outstanding editorial called the following resolution; which was re- meeting in Cairo are countries intent ‘‘The Arabs and Mr. Netanyahu’’ which ferred to the Committee on Foreign on destroying Israel. Many are avowed appeared in the New York Times last Relations: enemies of Israel. Apart from Senator week be printed in the RECORD. S. RES. 268 HUTCHISON’s objection—which, again, is There being no objection, the edi- Whereas, Benjamin Netanyahu was elected over an unrelated issue—there appears torial was ordered to be printed in the to the position of Prime Minister of Israel on to be virtually unanimous support in RECORD, as follows: May 29, 1996; the Senate for my resolution, and the THE ARABS AND MR. NETANYAHU Whereas, Prime Minister-elect Netanyahu message it sends. Nineteen Arab leaders plan to meet in presented his cabinet for approval to the Mr. President, on May 29, 1996, Ben- Cairo next week for a show of unity in the Israeli Knesset on June 18, 1996; Whereas, the guidelines of the new Govern- jamin Netanyahu was elected the new wake of Benjamin Netanyahu’s selection as ment of Israel specifically state: ‘‘The Gov- Prime Minister of Israel. Shortly after Prime Minister of Israel. The gather is a re- ernment of Israel will work to broaden the his election, and before he established minder that the prospects for peace in the circle of peace with all of its neighbors.’’; his new government, the Government Middle East depend as much on the conduct Whereas, Egyptian President Mubarak has of Egypt decided to convene a meeting of Arab leaders as that of Mr. Netanyahu in invited heads of state in Algeria, Bahrain, the weeks ahead. of most members of the Arab League. In responding to the new Israeli govern- Comoros, Djibouti, Jordan, Kuwait, Leb- At the invitation of Egyptian Presi- anon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, ment, Arab leaders should avoid inflam- dent Hosni Mubarak, heads of state matory words and actions as Mr. Netanyahu Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, from 19 Arab countries were invited to Tunisia, the United Arab Emirates, Yemen, refines his course. No Arab interest would be and the Palestine Liberation Organization to meet in Cairo. Representatives from served by provoking Israel to abandon the attend an Arab summit in Cairo beginning Algeria, Bahrain, Comoros, Djibouti, peace effort. on June 21, 1996; and Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mau- Most of the Arab leaders headed for Cairo Whereas President Clinton has stated his ritania, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi are involved, at one level or another, in the new diplomacy of engagement with Israel hope that Arab leaders who attend this sum- Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tuni- mit will ‘‘give Mr. Netanyahu an oppor- initiated by the Bush Administration in the sia, the United Arab Emirates, Yemen, days following the Persian Gulf war. Jordan tunity to constitute his government and set and the Palestinian Liberation Organi- a policy and not presume that we can’t pur- and the Palestinians have joined Egypt in sue peace.’’; Now, therefore, be it zation were invited to attend the sum- signing formal peace agreements with Israel. Resolved, That the Senate urges the gov- mit. Several other North African and Persian ernments attending the June 21, 1996, sum- While I have no objection to meet- Gulf states have extended limited degrees of mit in Cairo and other governments in the ings by members of the Arab League, diplomatic recognition. Middle East to— heads of state and government rep- No fewer than 15 Arab countries plus the (1) reaffirm their commitment to a com- resentatives attending the meeting in Palestinians regularly meet with Israeli rep- prehensive peace in the Middle East; resentatives to discuss vital regional issues Cairo have nothing to be gained by lim- like water and economic development. Saudi (2) express their willingness to work with iting options for peace discussions with the democratically elected Government of Arabia, while it has regrettably shied away Israel in the pursuit of a meaningful peace; the newly elected Government of Israel from recognition, has invested its consider- and before its policies have even been offi- able diplomatic and economic weight behind (3) refrain from statements directed cially formulated. They have nothing these regional peace efforts. against the new Israeli government that to gain by issuing provocative state- The emerging Arab peace camp, so visible might create an atmosphere in the region ments and attempting to back the at Yitzhak Rabin’s funeral and the unfavorable to a continuation of the peace democratically elected Government antiterrorism summit meeting at Sharm el- process. Sheik, should not step forward once again to into a corner. Restraint—not harsh counsel restraint. More belligerent voice, Mr. LAUTENBERG. Mr. President, it rhetoric directed against the new like that of the Libyan leader, Col. Muam- had been my expectation that the Sen- Israeli Government that might create mar El-Qaddafi, and the militantly Islamic ate would have already taken up and an atmosphere in the region unfavor- Sudanese regime, will also be present in passed a resolution to express the sense able to a continuation of the peace Cairo. Groups like Hezbollah in Lebanon and of the Senate about the summit of process—should prevail. Hamas and Islamic Jihad in Gaza and the Arab heads of state, which began in President Clinton has stated his hope West Bank may try to use terrorism to force Cairo today. It is cosponsored by Sen- that Arab leaders who attend this sum- Israel to break off the peace talks that these groups have always rejected. ators LIEBERMAN and BROWN. mit will give Mr. Netanyahu an oppor- Syria rests somewhere between the peace The resolution is straightforward. It tunity to constitute his government camp and the enemies of peace. With Mr. urges heads of state and representa- and set a policy and not presume that Netanyahu withdrawing the Israeli offer to tives of Arab countries attending the we can’t pursue peace. That is sage ad- return the Golan Heights and suggesting Cairo summit and those which may not vice. that he is more interested in strengthening attend the summit to reaffirm their While the Arab countries may be ex- relations with Jordan and Egypt than with commitment to a comprehensive peace periencing some anxiety in light of the Syria, the Syrian President, Hafez-al-Assad, in the Middle East. It urges them to ex- change of the Israeli Government, it is determined to avoid isolation. He hopes press their willingness to work with would be a mistake to let extremist the summit meeting with stiffen King Hus- sein’s resolve to resist any Israeli offers of the democratically elected Govern- countries like the Sudan, Libya, and authority over areas of the West Bank or ment of Israel in the pursuit of a mean- Syria dominate the agenda of this Muslim religious sites in Jerusalem. He also ingful peace. Finally, it urges them to meeting. It would be a mistake to close wants Washington to continue serving as an refrain from statements directed doors, shut off options, and establish intermediary between Israel and Syria.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00034 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS June 21, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6667 Egypt would like to reassert its traditional over their policies. But the fact is that slavia, established the International Crimi- leadership in Arab affairs by bringing to- Israel has a democratically elected nal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia gether those countries that have already government. We believe they ought to (hereafter in this resolution referred to as made peace with Israel and those that have be respected and given the opportunity the ‘‘International Criminal Tribunal’’); not. Whereas United Nations Security Council The Palestinian leadership, for its part, to work with those other leaders for Resolution 827 of May 25, 1993, requires states has little choice but to proceed down the dip- peace. to cooperate fully with the International lomatic road on which it has embarked. Third, the resolution calls on Middle Criminal Tribunal; While Mr. Netanyaghu has said he doubts the Eastern governments to refrain from Whereas the parties to the General Frame- finality of Mr. Arafat’s break with terrorism, statements directed at the new Israeli work Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and the Israeli leader has no interest in pushing Government that might create an at- Herzegovina and associated Annexes (in this resolution referred to as the ‘‘Peace Agree- Palestinians into the arms of Mr. Arafat’s mosphere in the region that is unfavor- chief rivals, Hamas and Islamic Holy War. ment’’) negotiated in Dayton, Ohio and Despite Mr. Netanyahu’s promise to ex- able to the continuation of the peace signed in Paris, France, on December 14, pand West Bank settlements, and his opposi- process. 1995, accepted, in Article IX, the obligation tion to Palestinian statehood, there remains Mr. President, it is in everybody’s in- ‘‘to cooperate in the investigation and pros- much for Israel and the Palestinians to dis- terest to move ahead with peace and ecution of war crimes and other violations of cuss, including economic and water issues, the peace process. We hope very much international humanitarian law’’; security and a timetable for Israel’s partial that not only the summit that takes Whereas the Constitution of Bosnia and withdrawal from Hebron. Herzegovina, agreed to as Annex 4 of the place on the 21st, but the activities of Peace Agreement, provides, in Article IX, With Mr. Netanyahu forming a government all the governments will be to that and Arab leaders regrouping, careless threat that ‘‘No person who is serving a sentence or provocative statement from either side end. imposed by the International Tribunal for could deepen the mutual distrust that al- f the former Yugoslavia, and no person who is ready exists. Mr. Netanyahu has spoken with under indictment by the Tribunal and who SENATE RESOLUTION 269—REL- has failed to comply with an order to appear care and diplomacy since his election. The ATIVE TO AUTHORIZING TESTI- Arab leaders should do no less. before the Tribunal, may stand as a can- MONY AND REPRESENTATION OF didate or hold any appointive, elective, or Mr. BROWN addressed the Chair. FORMER SENATE EMPLOYEE other public office in Bosnia and The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Herzegovina’’; ator from Colorado. Mr. LOTT (for himself and Mr. Whereas the International Criminal Tri- Mr. BROWN. Mr. President, today, DASCHLE) submitted the following reso- bunal has issued 57 indictments against indi- Senator LAUTENBERG, the Senator from lution; which was considered and viduals from all parties to the conflicts in New Jersey, submits for himself, my- agreed to: the former Yugoslavia; Whereas the International Criminal Tri- S. RES. 269 self, and Senator LIEBERMAN a resolu- bunal continues to investigate gross viola- tion that deals with the Arab summit Whereas, in the case of Carol Ward v. tions of international law in the former that has been called for on June 21. It United States, Civil Case No. 95–WY–810–WD, Yugoslavia with a view to further indict- calls together a number of Presidents pending in the United States District Court ments against the perpetrators; and leaders of countries in the Middle for the District of Colorado, testimony has Whereas on July 25, 1995, the International been requested from William T. Brack, a East. Presumably, included in their Criminal Tribunal issued an indictment for former chief of staff to Senator Hank Brown; Radovan Karadzic, president of the Bosnian discussions will be the peace process Whereas, pursuant to sections 703(a) and Serb administration of Pale, and Ratko and its progress thus far. 704(a)(2) of the Ethics in Government Act of Mladic, commander of the Bosnian Serb ad- That meeting, taking place in Cairo, 1978, 2 U.S.C. §§ 288b(a) and 288c(a)(2), the ministration and charged them with geno- is an important meeting. The resolu- Senate may direct its counsel to represent cide and crimes against humanity, violations tion that Senator LAUTENBERG and I employees of the Senate with respect to any of the law or customs of war, and grave and Senator LIEBERMAN have offered subpoena, order, or request for testimony re- breaches of the Geneva Conventions of 1949, today expresses concerns about that. I lating to their official responsibilities; arising from atrocities perpetrated against Whereas, by the privileges of the Senate of think President Clinton expressed the civilian population throughout Bosnia- the United States and rule XI of the Stand- Herzegovina, for the sniping campaign many of our concerns, as well, when he ing Rules of the Senate, no evidence under against civilians in Sarajevo, and for the stated his hope ‘‘that the Arab leaders the control or in the possession of the Senate taking of United Nations peacekeepers as who attend the summit will give Mr. may, by the judicial process, be taken from hostages and for their use as human shields; Netanyahu an opportunity to con- such control or possession but by permission Whereas on November 16, 1995, Karadzic stitute his government and set policy of the Senate; and Mladic were indicted a second time by and not presume that we cannot pursue Whereas, when it appears that evidence the International Criminal Tribunal, peace.’’ under the control or in the possession of the charged with genocide for the killing of up to Senate may promote the administration of I think that is terribly important. I 6,000 Muslims in Srebrenica, Bosnia, in July justice, the Senate will take such action as 1995; had hoped this resolution would be con- will promote the ends of justice consistently Whereas the United Nations Security sidered today and adopted unani- with the privileges of the Senate: Now, Council, in adopting Resolution 1022 on No- mously. Unfortunately, there have therefore, be it vember 22, 1995, decided that economic sanc- been some problems getting that unan- Resolved, That William T. Brack is author- tions on the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia imous-consent process today. I do not ized to testify in the case of Carol Ward v. (Serbia and Montenegro) and the so-called believe it relates to the substance of United States, Civil Case No. 95–WY–810–WD Republika Srpska would be reimposed if, at the resolution in any way. (D. Colo.), except concerning matters for any time, the High Representative or the which a privilege should be asserted. IFOR commander informs the Security Our resolution suggests three things, SEC. 2. That the Senate Legal Counsel is Council that the Federal Republic of Yugo- and I believe all Members of the Senate authorized to represent William T. Brack in slavia or the Bosnian Serb authorities are join in this. connection with his testimony in Carol Ward failing significantly to meet their obliga- One, that the governments in the v. United States. tions under the Peace Agreement; Middle East should reaffirm their com- f Whereas the so-called Republika Srpska mitment to a comprehensive peace in and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Ser- the Middle East. SENATE RESOLUTION 270—REL- bia and Montenegro) have failed to arrest Mr. President, that is vital. If eco- ATIVE TO THE INTERNATIONAL and turn over for prosecution indicted war criminals, including Karadzic and Mladic; nomic and civil rights progress is to be CRIMINAL TRIBUNAL FOR THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA Whereas efforts to politically isolate made in the Middle East, peace has to Karadzic and Mladic have failed thus far and be the lubricant that brings it to the Mr. LIEBERMAN (for himself, Mr. would in any case be insufficient to comply forefront. LUGAR, Mr. BIDEN, Mr. SPECTER, Mrs. with the Peace Agreement and bring peace Second, we believe that the Govern- FEINSTEIN, and Mr. MOYNIHAN) sub- with justice to Bosnia and Herzegovina; ment should express their willingness mitted the following resolution; which Whereas in the so-called Republika Srpska to work with the democratically elect- was referred to the Committee on For- freedom of the press and freedom of assem- eign Relations: bly are severely limited and violence against ed Government of Israel in the pursuit ethnic and religious minorities and opposi- of meaningful peace. S. RES. 270 tion figures is on the rise; Mr. President, we acknowledge and Whereas the United Nations, recognizing Whereas it will be difficult for national understand that countries disagree the need for justice in the former Yugo- elections in Bosnia and Herzegovina to take

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00035 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S6668 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 21, 1996 place meaningfully so long as key war crimi- Last October President Clinton hon- right conditions for the elections to go nals, including Karadzic and Mladic, remain ored us in Connecticut by speaking at forward as scheduled. at large and able to influence political and the University of Connecticut, at the Mr. President, to do so, to rebuild military developments; that peace and reconciliation that I am Whereas on June 6, 1996, the President of opening of the Thomas J. Dodd Library the International Criminal Tribunal, declar- and to commemorate the 50th anniver- convinced the overwhelming majority ing that the Federal Republic of Yugo- sary of the Nuremberg trials that fol- of Bosnians long for so deeply, we must slavia’s failure to extradite indicted war lowed World War II. At that time, last deal with the problem of indicted war criminals is a blatant violation of the Peace October, while war still raged in the criminals, particularly Karadzic and Agreement and of United Nations Security former Yugoslavia, in Bosnia, Presi- Mladic, former President and military Council Resolutions, called on the High Rep- dent Clinton spoke these very eloquent chief of the Bosnian Serb aggressors. resentative to reimpose economic sanctions These two, as is well known, remain on the so-called Republika Srpska and on the words. ‘‘Some people,’’ he said, ‘‘are Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and concerned that pursuing peace in Bos- at large. They are able to influence po- Montenegro); and nia and prosecuting war criminals are litical and military developments. As Whereas the apprehension and prosecution incompatible goals. But I believe,’’ the President said so well in the state- of indicted war criminals is essential for President Clinton said, ‘‘they are ment that I quoted, there can be no peace and reconciliation to be achieved and wrong. There must be peace for justice peace without justice in the long term. democracy to be established throughout Bos- to prevail, but there must be justice To secure that peace the time has come nia an Herzegovina: Now, therefore, be it for this body to restate that the appre- Resolved, That (a) the Senate finds that the when peace prevails.’’ International Criminal Tribunal for the I could not agree more. A very power- hension of these indicted war criminals former Yugoslavia merits continued and in- ful principle stated very eloquently by must be an urgent priority. It is time creased United States support for its efforts President Clinton. for concerted action to bring these in- to investigate and bring to justice the per- Later last year, a few months later, dicted war criminals to justice. petrators of gross violations of international the United States, led by former As- So the resolution we are introducing law in the former Yugoslavia. sistant Secretary of State Richard today is really quite direct and simple. (b) It is the sense of the Senate that the Holbrooke, in an extraordinary act of It restates the clear obligation under President of the United States should sup- the Dayton peace agreement and U.N. port the request of the President of the diplomacy, following the force that the International Criminal Tribunal for the United States operation had applied to Security Council resolutions of all the former Yugoslavia for the High Representa- the forces on the ground, particularly parties in the former Yugoslavia, in- tive to reimpose full economic sanctions on the aggressive forces in Bosnia, the cluding in particular both the Federal the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia parties to the conflict were brought to- Republic of Yugoslavia, with its capital and Montenegro) and the so-called Republika gether in Dayton, OH. in Belgrade, and the Bosnian Serb enti- Srpska, in accordance with United Nations The peace agreement for Bosnia re- ty called Republika Srpska, to cooper- Security Council Resolution 1022 (1995), until sulting from those talks in Dayton was ate with the International Criminal the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia signed in Paris just about 6 months Tribunal. and Montenegro) and Bosnian Serb authori- ties have complied with their obligations ago. There followed the deployment of Mr. President, the most urgent ele- under the Peace Agreement and United Na- the NATO-led Implementation Force, ment of that requirement is that the tions Security Council Resolutions to co- or IFOR, including within it 20,000 of indicted war criminals, particularly operate fully with the International Crimi- America’s finest soldiers. The work of Karadzic and Mladic, must be detained nal Tribunal. IFOR has been a clear success in end- and brought to justice. That must be (c) It is further the sense of the Senate ing the war, in separating the forces, reaffirmed and remain an urgent pri- that the NATO-led Implementation Force and in monitoring the actual with- ority, in the words of the resolution we (IFOR), in carrying out its mandate, should make it an urgent priority to detain and drawal of the previous combatant have introduced. To do that, the reso- bring to justice persons indicted by the forces to within agreed areas under the lution calls for four separate actions. International Criminal Tribunal. Dayton peace agreement. First, it finds and urges that the (d) It is further the sense of the Senate But, Mr. President, unfortunately International Criminal Tribunal, the that states in the former Yugoslavia should the process of rebuilding Bosnia as a war crimes tribunal, merits continued not be admitted to international organiza- unified, multiethnic state has been and increased American support to do tions and fora until and unless they have much slower and much more difficult. I its work. The tribunal faces daunting complied with their obligations under the suppose that should not be shocking challenges in collecting and analyzing Peace Agreement and United Nations Secu- rity Council Resolutions to cooperate fully when one considers the scars of war, evidence to ascertain exactly what with the International Criminal Tribunal. the way in which the war took a coun- crimes were committed and by whom. SEC. 2. The Secretary of the Senate shall try that had become in so many parts But if this work is not done, the peace transmit a copy of this resolution to the of it so magnificently multiethnic and that is enjoyed in Bosnia will forever President of the United States. brought out and raised to the surface be a hollow peace and in fact it will not Mr. LIEBERMAN. Mr. President, I do historic ethnic antagonisms that had be a lasting peace. rise today on a serious matter. That is previously existed. Second, the resolution expresses the to submit, along with several col- But even in that effort toward recre- sense of the Senate that the President leagues, a resolution which we hope ating Bosnia, progress has been made. should support the request of the Presi- will advance the twin causes of peace Yet many, understandably, have called dent of the International Criminal Tri- and justice in the former Yugoslavia. I for the elections that are planned, pur- bunal, the war crimes tribunal, for re- am very proud to be joined in intro- suant to the Dayton agreement, for imposition of economic sanctions on ducing this resolution by a bipartisan September 14 to be delayed because the the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia group of colleagues, Senator LUGAR, conditions do not yet exist for them to with its capital in Belgrade and on the Senator BIDEN, Senator SPECTER, Sen- be free and fair. War criminals are still Bosnian Serbs for their clear failure to ator FEINSTEIN, and Senator MOYNIHAN. in power, refugees and displaced per- carry out the responsibilities they ac- Unfortunately, because of the ups sons are unable to return to their cepted in signing the Dayton peace and downs of Senate scheduling, I do homes, and freedom of movement is agreement, which is to say, their fail- not think that any of these distin- still severely limited by the national- ure to cooperate with the tribunal in guished colleagues are able to be here istic barriers that have been created in the apprehension and the bringing to today to join me to speak on this reso- one community or another within Bos- justice of these indicted war criminals. lution, though Senator BIDEN did ad- nia. There are many flagrant pieces of dress the subject generally and men- But I believe strongly that our focus evidence of this. Some months ago tioned the imminence of this resolu- should not be on when the elections there were television pictures of Gen- tion when he spoke on the floor on should take place. Rather we, together eral Mladic in a parka skiing as if he Wednesday. I hope my colleagues will with the majority of people in Bosnia was some American on a weekend have the opportunity to speak to the and in the international community jaunt in the winter to northern New resolution in the days and weeks who favor peace and reconciliation, England, in my part of the country, or ahead. must redouble our efforts to create the perhaps Colorado or Utah or other

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00036 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS June 21, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6669 parts of the country. An indicted war frankly, we do not believe the Senate feated nominated a leader in that coun- criminal, a man with blood on his should be expressing such detailed di- try who had fought the war against us hands, specifically indicted for being rections about on-the-ground military to be a leader of the postwar country. the leader involved in the slaughter of operations. The intention of this reso- Can you imagine the reaction in the at least 6,000 people—6,000 people—in lution is to make clear that an agreed United States of America if that had Srebrenica after the fall of that upon aspect of the IFOR mission—to happened? undefended city, allegedly a safe haven detain war criminals and bring them to Here these people are nominating in Bosnia. justice—must remain an urgent pri- Karadzic, in direct and outrageous vio- Most recently, of course, Karadzic ority and must be carried out effec- lation of the Dayton agreement, to run has been seen repeatedly walking tively. for President. This is specifically pro- around, seemingly free, in the Mr. President, the reason this func- hibited by the Dayton agreement, but Republika Srpska. General Mladic re- tion is so critical, so central, to the reminds us that unless we continue to cently carried out the responsibility of IFOR mission is that otherwise all the keep the apprehension of these crimi- attending a funeral in Belgrade—quite extraordinarily courageous and effec- nals as an urgent priority, unless we publicly. Authorities clearly knew he tive work done by this 60,000-person begin to tighten the screws again by was coming, and he was not arrested. force, 20,000 of whom are Americans, all reimposing economic sanctions on Bel- I think it is clear that the Serbian the work they have done to separate grade and tightening the area of mobil- authorities, in this case, particularly the parties, to move them back into ity that these war criminals have en- President Milosevic, have failed to act. agreed upon areas, to create the con- joyed in the past, as I am encouraged That failure to act is clear, and it is in- text for peace, will all be for naught. to believe we are now doing, this whole excusable. All the effort, all the money spent, in effort will have been for naught. The High Representative, Carl Bildt, my opinion, will all be worth nothing This resolution, my cosponsors and I overseeing so much of the civilian re- and have no lasting affect unless these believe, gives the Senate an oppor- construction effort, has the clear au- war criminals are apprehended, be- tunity to make clear the importance thority to reimpose sanctions if the cause so long as they are free, their we place on the full and successful Federal Republic of Yugoslavia or the freedom makes a mockery of the Day- completion of the IFOR mission, which Bosnian Serbs, are failing signifi- ton agreement. It is an insult, a wound, is to say to remove the conditions that cantly—that is the term used—to meet to those hundreds of thousands of peo- will bring about clearly a return of war their obligations under the peace ple who lost relatives or who were forc- and genocide and the absence of peace agreement. ibly removed from their homes during with true justice in Bosnia. In closing, I want to thank my col- There can be no doubt that the con- the war. tinued leadership roles of Karadzic, The fact is that so long as people like leagues who joined me in cosponsoring Mladic, and others are a significant Karadzic and Mladic, indicted war this resolution. I hope that other col- leagues of both parties—there is noth- violation of the Dayton agreement. Mr. criminals, remain free, peace will not ing partisan about this at all—will President, this resolution calls for re- take hold in the former Yugoslavia. take a look at the resolution and de- imposition of full economic sanctions, That is why we are restating, as this cide to cosponsor and join us as sup- which we believe is long overdue. resolution does, that the apprehension, porters. Third, the resolution expresses the the detention, and bringing to justice sense of the Senate that the NATO-led Mr. President, I do also want to offer of these war criminals must remain an personal thanks to Frederic Baron who implementation force, or IFOR, in car- urgent priority as part of the IFOR rying out its mandate, should make it is working in my office as a fellow on mission in the former Yugoslavia. loan from the State Department, who an urgent priority to detain and bring Fourth, finally, recognizing that the really represents a quality of service, to justice persons indicted by the lack of full cooperation on war crimes as I have seen in my office, the highest International Criminal Tribunal. I goes beyond the so-called Republika standards of intellect and of principle know that some will be concerned that Srpska, the resolution calls for all that characterizes the American For- this call for IFOR action to arrest war States in the former Yugoslavia—this eign Service. I thank Frederic for the criminals could lead to a situation involves people on all sides eth- role he played in assisting me in put- similar to the hunt for Aideed in Soma- nically—to be denied membership and ting this resolution together. lia, which had tragic consequences. participation in international organi- That, Mr. President, I assure my col- zations until and unless they are oper- f leagues, is not the intention of those of ating fully with the tribunal. NOTICE OF HEARING us who have sponsored the resolution. Mr. President, as we have found over COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND NATURAL The resolution is drawn with real clar- the course of the conflict in the former RESOURCES ity and concern to make sure that is Yugoslavia, which threatened to grow Mr. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, I the case. The detention of war crimi- wider and threaten stability more would like to announce for the infor- nals, in fact, has always been part of broadly in Europe, if the sound of the mation of the Senate and the public the IFOR mandate. The IFOR’s author- trumpet—if I may paraphrase the that an oversight hearing has been ity to arrest war criminals has never Bible—is uncertain, who will follow scheduled before the Committee on En- been in doubt. But the kind of house- into battle? If the sound of the trumpet ergy and Natural Resources. to-house search carried out in Somalia is uncertain, who will hear what is be- The hearing will take place on Thurs- is not called for by this resolution. hind the trumpet? day, July 11 at 9:30 a.m. in SD–366 of In fact, from what I have heard Sec- If we allow these outrageous, provoc- the Dirksen Senate Office Building in retary Perry and General Shalikashvili ative acts by indicted war figures Washington, DC. say, IFOR is already mandated and, in roaming free to go unresponded to, The purpose of this hearing is to re- fact, is doing just what it should be: they will act more outrageously. The ceive testimony on the issue of com- patrolling more widely and aggres- latest proof of this is in the newspaper petitive change in the electric power sively to restrict the freedom of move- this morning. Page A–30 of the Wash- industry. It will focus on the FERC ment of war criminals, as well as to ington Post carries a Reuters story wholesale open access transmission improve the freedom of movement of from Belgrade: ‘‘A local board of the rule, Order No. 888. ordinary, peaceful citizens. If an IFOR Serb Democratic Party nominated Those who wish to testify or to sub- patrol encounters Karadzic or Mladic Radovan Karadzic today as candidate mit written testimony should write to or any other indicted war criminal, for president of the Bosnian Serb Re- the Committee on Energy and Natural IFOR personnel should bring to bear public in elections to be held later this Resources, U.S. Senate, Washington, the necessary resources to effectively year, Serb media reported.’’ DC 20510. Presentation of oral testi- detain those war criminals and to bring Can you imagine that? Can you imag- mony is by committee invitation. For them to justice. ine the outrage here? This is as if, at further information, please contact We did not want to go into this level the end of World War II, someone in Shawn Taylor or Howard Useem at of detail in this resolution because, one of the countries that the allies de- (202) 224–6567.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00037 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S6670 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 21, 1996 ADDITIONAL STATEMENTS as a part of Tennessee history, but as a community. The post supports sports monument to Tennessee’s volunteer spirit. teams, donates food to the needy, and This year, when so much history is being sponsors a program where boys travel DEDICATION OF THE PENCE RE- made in Washington, when we are struggling to restore our Nation to the kind of land en- to Lansing for a week to learn how our CEPTION CENTER AND GIFT State capitol works. I know that my SHOP visioned by our Founding Fathers—a land where taxes are low and government is lim- Senate colleagues join me in hon- ∑ Mr. FRIST. Mr. President, on Sun- ited, where states have rights, and people oring the Martinez-Garcia-Nerio-Reyes day, June 9, as part of Tennessee’s have power—I can’t help but appreciate even American Legion Post 500 on its 50th year-long bicentennial celebration, I more the rich history of our State and the anniversary.∑ traveled to Kingsport, TN, to deliver contributions it has made to our national f remarks at the dedication of the Pence heritage. Reception Center and Gift Shop, a part Think about it—right here in this place SALUTE TO IOWA GIRLS’ three Presidents of the United States of Netherland Inn complex. I ask that BASKETBALL stopped frequently on their trips to and from ∑ my remarks be printed in the RECORD. Washington—Andrew Jackson, Andrew John- Mr. GRASSLEY. Mr. President, The remarks follow: son, and James K. Polk. every year in March, the State of Iowa DEDICATION OF THE PENCE RECEPTION CENTER And on a personal note, as a native comes to a virtual halt. Streets are AND GIFT SHOP, KINGSPORT, TN Nashvillian, I am personally indebted to Col. quiet, schools are dismissed, and small It’s always great to be home in Tennessee, John Donelson because if he hadn’t taken his towns are all but deserted. It is not but it’s even more wonderful when being flotilla of flatboats from Kingsport to Big some end-of-winter blizzard that clears here gives me the opportunity to help cele- Salt Lick, my home town of Nashville might the streets and shuts down commu- brate Tennessee history, and pay tribute to never have been founded—and who knows nities. It is the annual pilgrimage to where I would have been born! Tennessee volunteers. And what could be Veterans’ Auditorium in Des Moines more appropriate—in this place that was Tennessee has a proud history to look back once a favorite stop on the Old Great Stage on. But let’s not forget that we also have a for the Girls’ State Basketball Tour- Road from Washington City to Nashboro— bright future before us. The volunteers of nament. than that I should also travel from Wash- Tennessee are no longer living on the fron- Some States have a such strong tra- ington to be here with you today. tier, but their pioneering minds and spirits dition in high school athletics that cer- Two hundred years ago, our pioneer fore- continue to drive them toward success. When tain sports become part of the State’s fathers banded together to forge a new fu- our descendants celebrate the next hundred identity. Like boys’ basketball in Indi- ture for the Southwest Territory. Like the years of Tennessee history, I know that they ana and football in Texas, girls’ bas- path to the West, the road to Statehood was will be just as proud of their ancestors as we replete with obstacles—from land disputes are of ours today. ketball has been a key factor in shap- with North Carolina to Party disputes that Thank you all for coming. God bless you, ing the identity of Iowa. The enthu- held the territory’s Statehood petition hos- and God bless the great State of Tennessee!∑ siasm with which Iowans follow their tage to Presidential politics. But the spirit f girls’ high school basketball teams is a of Tennessee’s founding fathers prevailed, testament to Iowa’s competitive and and on June 1, 1796 Tennessee became the MARTINEZ-GARCIA-NERIO-REYES community spirits. 16th state in the Union. AMERICAN LEGION POST 500 Iowa was a pioneer in the growth of One hundred years ago, our Centennial ∑ Mr. LEVIN. Mr. President, on June girls’ basketball. Today’s players owe a celebration highlighted that pioneer spirit for Tennesseans—and for all the world. 29, 1996, American Legion Post 500 will great deal to those early players and Today, with ongoing Bicentennial celebra- celebrate its 50th anniversary. In No- teams for the survival and development tions like this one in every city and county, vember 1945, after returning from serv- of the girls’ game. Iowa girls started that legacy is being carried forth—not just ice in World War II, Mexican-American playing basketball in 1893, just 18 to another generation and into another cen- veterans in the Saginaw area began months after Dr. James Naismith cre- tury, but into the next millennium! What a meeting to exchange stories of their ated the game. Girls’ basketball gained proud heritage to pass along. experiences during combat. These vet- rapid approval from Iowans. By the Over the past 100 years, we’ve watched this area change from one that was almost en- erans decided to organize and were turn of the century, basketball was the tirely agricultural to one with modern cities later recognized as the Latin American most popular sport for girls in Iowa. and industrial development. But the Ten- Club for Veterans. The sport was played indoors and out- nesseans who live here have retained their Many Mexican-Americans came to doors, in church basements and on roots in the land, just as the neighborhoods Michigan during the 1920’s to work in empty cattle pastures, wherever there in which they live still retain much of the the fields, on the railroads, and at the was room to fit two basketball goals. charm of early America. auto plants. These migrants experi- The popularity of girls’ basketball in Another thing that has not—and will not— enced many difficulties arising from Iowa may have helped save the sport change is our volunteer spirit. Ever since that day in 1848, when Governor Brown cultural differences and their inexperi- from extinction. In the 1920’s, women called for 3,000 volunteers to help win the ence with the English language. After and girls were discouraged from play- war with Mexico and 30,000 charged to the the war, Mexican-Americans in the ing competitive sports because it was fight, our reputation as ‘‘The Volunteer Saginaw area continued to experience seen as too strenuous and unladylike. State’’ has gone unchallenged. prejudice and discrimination. The Girls’ basketball virtually vanished Nothing better exemplifies that spirit than members of the Latin American Club from the rest of the country. But this cabin which we dedicate today. Like the for Veterans felt it was important to Iowans took great pride in the success entire Netherland Inn complex, it is rich with stories of selflessness and vol- have a stronger voice in Saginaw to of their girls’ basketball teams. Com- unteerism—from the foresight of Joe serve the Mexican-American commu- munities banded together to support Wimberly, who first proposed the idea of nity. Therefore, they decided to apply girls’ basketball, and the sport re- making the Pence cabin part of the for a chapter charter in the American mained as popular as ever in Iowa. In Netherland Inn complex, to the generosity of Legion. the 1970’s and 1980’s, Iowa’s basketball the Carl Brauns who donated it, to the tire- On April 20, 1946, Latin American Le- success was used as a model for other less efforts of the entire crew of the Bent gion Post 500 was chartered. It was States in expanding sports opportuni- Nail Construction Company—and countless later decided to rename the post after ties for girls. others—who helped make this project pos- sible, especially Mr. Ben Brown. the first four Mexican-Americans Iowa’s State tournament was first For thirty years, Ben Brown has been a killed in World War II. The names of staged in 1920. It is the oldest continu- tireless advocate for the Netherland Inn, and Louis Martinez, Julian Garcia, Sifred ously held girls’ basketball champion- this project is but one example of his dedi- Nerio, and John Reyes live on today at ship in the United States. The State cated support. As Karyn and I—and I’m sure American Legion Post 500. Since its in- tournament has consistently been many others—have discovered, once Ben ception, over 1,000 veterans serving in played before capacity crowds, drawing makes a commitment to someone or some World War II, Korea, Vietnam, and fans from all corners of Iowa. The tour- project, that support never waivers. We nament has developed a national and could not have a better friend, nor Kingsport Desert Storm have been members of a better community leader, than Ben Brown. the post. even international following. News As a result of all your efforts, the Pence In addition to assisting veterans, the media from across the State and cabin will now be preserved forever, not only post has been involved in helping the around the country gather in Des

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00038 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS June 21, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6671 Moines to cover the girls’ tournament. and man, and medical research and de- aside in order to pass bipartisan wel- In 1990, the tournament even attracted velopment. fare reform. I couldn’t agree more. a film crew from Japan. The television The professional excellence of the 396 Over the past 3 years I have talked contract for the Iowa girls’ basketball officers serving in the Veterinary Corps time and time again about the need to tournament is the largest for any girls’ is exemplified by the fact that 186—47 enact bipartisan welfare reform which or boys’ high school sport in America. percent—of these officers are board demands responsibility from day one, From 1920 through 1984, Iowa high certified in at least one specialty rec- requires work and releases welfare school girls exclusively played the six- ognized by the American Veterinary families from the cycle of dependency. on-six version of basketball. The six- Medical Association. The Iowa family investment program on-six girls’ game was such an impor- As the Department of Defense Execu- provides us with an effective model for tant part of Iowa culture that national tive Agent for Veterinary Services, the achieving these goals. Since Iowa newspapers, television stations, and U.S. Army Veterinary Corps is respon- began implementing the welfare re- magazines rushed to Iowa in 1993 to sible for providing its expertise to all forms in October 1993, the number of cover the final six-on-six tournament. of the military services on a worldwide people working has almost doubled, the Iowa girls now play the common five- basis. Through the assurance of a safe welfare caseload had declined, and wel- on-five style of basketball, and Iowans and wholesome food supply, animal dis- fare costs are down. I call that a triple still flock to see their daughters and ease prevention and control, animal-fa- play. sisters compete annually for the State cilitated therapy for hospitalized serv- Those are good reasons to look at the championship. ice members and families, and medical Iowa experience as we craft legislation, Whether they were trained in the and subsistence research and material but I commend the Iowa experience to five-on-five or six-on-six game, Iowans development, the contributions of vet- my colleagues for another reason. In have had a national impact on girls’ erinarians as health care providers are 1993, Iowa enacted sweeping changes to basketball. This success has continued essential to the well-being of the sol- the welfare system and did so with beyond the high school level. Since dier, sailor, airman, and marine. It is very strong bipartisan support. In fact, 1935, more than 100 Iowans have been indeed a pleasure for me to salute the the Iowa plan received only 1 dis- named to the Amateur Athletic Union U.S. Army Veterinary Corps in rec- senting vote from the 150-member or Collegiate All-American women’s ognition of its innumerable contribu- Democratically controlled general as- basketball teams. Some of the coun- tions to our national defense, and to sembly and was signed into law by our try’s most notable girls’ and women’s extend my congratulations to the Republican Governor. It shows that it basketball players have come from members of the Veterinary Corps, past is possible to work together on welfare Iowa. Denise Long of Union-Whitten and present, upon this 80th anniver- reform and the State of Iowa is better High School set the national high sary.∑ because of it. school scoring record in 1969 with more f In 1994 I sought to take a page from than 6,000 career points. Lynne TRIBUTE TO STANLEY O. BROWN the Iowa play book and went to work Lorenzen of Ventura broke that same with my Republican colleague from ∑ Mr. BOND. Mr. President, I rise record in 1987 by scoring over 6,700 Missouri, Senator KIT BOND to develop points. At the college level, Molly today to pay a special tribute to Mr. bipartisan welfare reform legislation Goodenbauer of Waterloo led Stanford Stanley O. Brown. It is a great pleasure modeled on innovations occurring in University to the 1992 national cham- to recognize Mr. Stanley O. Brown for our respective States. The result was pionship, and was chosen Most Out- his 36 years of loyal service to the Mis- the first bipartisan welfare reform leg- standing Player of the NCAA Tour- souri League of Savings Institute and islation in that session of Congress. nament. And Karen Jennings of Neola its members. The bill was reintroduced again last Mr. Brown joined the Missouri Tri-Center High School was named Na- year. League of Savings Institute in Jeffer- tional Player of the Year at the Uni- For the most part partisan wrangling son City, MO, on February 1, 1960. versity of Nebraska in 1993. prevailed in 1995. There were a few in- Since then his dedication and construc- Girls’ basketball has been a source of stances of bipartisan cooperation, but tive counsel to the State’s savings and community pride and honor in Iowa for they were quickly overtaken by polit- loan industry have made an invaluable more than 100 years, from small towns ical gamesmanship. impact on the State of Missouri and like Mediapolis and Auburn, to the cit- There is one lesson to be learned our Nation’s banking institutions. His ies of Cedar Rapids and Des Moines. from the past year and half—confronta- inestimable contributions and re- The sport has become an expression of tion and partisanship is a prescription spected professional experience will be Iowa’s qualities of competitiveness, for failure. The only way we can truly sorely missed when he retires from his teamwork, and determination. But accomplish welfare reform this year is position as vice chairman of Missouri above all else, girls’ basketball has al- to stop the political games and join League of Savings Institute on June 30, lowed the State to showcase one of its forces across the aisle to craft bipar- 1996. most precious resources—the young tisan welfare reform which accom- Prior to his vice chairmanship of the women of Iowa.∑ plishes the goals that the American Missouri League of Savings Institu- f people support—a welfare system that tions, Mr. Brown served as president of THE 80TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE puts people to work and gets them off the Staff Leadership Conference and U.S. ARMY VETERINARY CORPS public assistance quickly and perma- was a member of both the Missouri nently. ∑ Mr. INOUYE. Mr. President, I rise League’s Legislative Committee and Mr. President, I ask that the text of today to pay tribute to the U.S. Army the Missouri League’s Insurance Trust the editorial be printed in the RECORD, Veterinary Corps on the occasion of its Committee. 80th anniversary. It is an honor to congratulate Mr. and urge my colleagues to hear its Established on June 3, 1916, the Vet- Stanley Brown on his long-lasting com- message. erinary Corps has distinguished itself mitment to the Missouri League of The editorial follows: through exemplary service in two Savings Institutions and to the State [From the Mason City (IA) Globe-Gazette, world wars, the Korean and Vietnam of Missouri. I wish him the best of luck June 18, 1996] conflicts, Operation Desert Storm, and, in all his future endeavors and contin- REFORMING WELFARE AND PARTISAN POLITICS most recently, in the peacekeeping op- ued good health and happiness.∑ SHOULD BE SEPARATE It’s true that in many cases, public opinion eration in Bosnia. The responsibilities f of the Veterinary Corps have evolved changes faster than the politicians. from that of equine medicine for the BIPARTISAN WELFARE REFORM That’s certainly the case with welfare re- cavalry of 1916 to diverse roles encom- ∑ Mr. HARKIN. Mr. President, a couple form, according to a recent Associated Press poll. passing not only the traditional role of of days ago the Mason City Globe-Ga- The poll shows that most Americans favor animal medicine but also food hygiene zette in my State of Iowa published an converting welfare into a work program and and quality assurance, prevention of excellent editorial calling on national that half are ready to pay more taxes to diseases transmissible between animals policymakers to put partisan politics make jobs available.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00039 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S6672 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 21, 1996 The poll also shows that most Americans by Senator BROWN in the summer and A concurrent resolution (H. Con. Res. 153) wish to limit welfare funds to single moth- fall of 1993, the former chief of staff authorizing the use of the Capitol Grounds ers, and to put single mothers on a work provided consistent services to the for the Greater Washington Soap Box Derby. plan. plaintiff by contacting the IRS on her The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there Those types of plans are being tested in objection to the immediate consider- several states, including Iowa and Wisconsin. behalf. The plaintiff is seeking testi- mony from the former chief of staff de- ation of the concurrent resolution? The reform agenda is clogged, however, in There being no objection, the Senate the Washington political system. scribing his conversations with Inter- A welfare system that puts people back to nal Revenue Service employees. Sen- proceeded to consider the concurrent work, and aims to get them off welfare is a ator BROWN believes that it is appro- resolution. Mr. BROWN. Mr. President, I ask good idea. The only exception that should be priate for his former chief of staff to unanimous consent that the resolution added is that the system include some com- submit an affidavit and to testify in be considered and agreed to, and the passion. this proceeding. One of the reasons welfare reform hasn’t motion to reconsider be laid upon the Mr. President, this resolution would taken off in Washington has to do with polit- table. ical posturing. authorize the former chief of staff to The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Both Democrats and Republicans are turn- provide testimony in this case, and objection, it is so ordered. ing the debate into a class issue. That’s not would authorize the Senate legal coun- The concurrent resolution (H. Con. where the issue belongs. sel to represent him. Res. 153) was agreed to. For example, both Democrats and Repub- Mr. BROWN. Mr. President, I ask f licans make a major issue out of single unanimous consent that the resolution mothers. Truthfully, however, single moth- be agreed to, the preamble be agreed PROGRAM ers make up only a small percentage of the welfare recipients. to, the motion to reconsider be laid Mr. BROWN. Mr. President, for the Both sides also talk about welfare recipi- upon the table, and that a statement of information of all Senators, under the ents as if they spend their lives on the dole. explanation be included in the RECORD order of last night the Senate will re- The truth, however, is that most welfare re- at this point. convene at 1 p.m. on Monday, June 24. cipients move in and out of the system. A The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without The Senate will be debating the cam- small percentage spend an extended amount objection, it is so ordered. paign finance reform bill during Mon- of time on welfare. The resolution (S. Res. 269) was day’s session. However, no rollcall A welfare reform plan that includes work agreed to. votes will occur during that day. or schooling instead of hand-outs is a good A cloture motion was filed on the idea. Limiting welfare recipients to two The preamble was agreed to. years of benefits is also an improvement. The resolution, with its preamble, is campaign finance reform bill last Both Democrats and Republicans have said as follows: night, with the cloture vote ordered to they would support plans similar to those S. RES. 269 occur at 2:15 on Tuesday, June 25. currently in use here and in Wisconsin. Whereas, in the case of Carol Ward v. As a reminder, Senators have until But nothing will really happen until highly United States, Civil Case No. 95–WY–810–WD, the hour of 2 p.m. on Monday in order partisan politics are removed from the pic- pending in the United States District Court to file first-degree amendments, and ture.∑ for the District of Colorado, testimony has until 12:30 on Tuesday in order to file f been requested from William T. Brack, a second-degree amendments. former chief of staff to Senator Hank Brown; The Senate will also be resuming the UNANIMOUS-CONSENT Whereas, pursuant to sections 703(a) and AGREEMENT—S. 1219 Department of Defense authorization 704(a)(2) of the Ethics in Government Act of bill next week. Therefore, Senators can Mr. BROWN. Mr. President, I ask 1978, 2 U.S.C. §§ 288b(a) and 288c(a)(2), the expect a busy session with rollcall Senate may direct its counsel to represent unanimous consent that the time for votes throughout. debate on the campaign finance reform employees of the Senate with respect to any subpoena, order, or request for testimony re- f bill scheduled for the morning of Tues- lating to their official responsibilities; UNANIMOUS-CONSENT AGREEMENT day June 25 be equally divided between Whereas, by the privileges of the Senate of the two leaders. the United States and Rule XI of the Stand- Mr. BROWN. Mr. President, I ask The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without ing Rules of the Senate, no evidence under unanimous consent that the morning objection, it is so ordered. the control or in the possession of the Senate business period during Monday’s ses- may, by the judicial process, be taken from f sion be equally divided between the such control or possession but by permission two leaders or their designees. AUTHORIZING TESTIMONY AND of the Senate; The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Whereas, when it appears that evidence REPRESENTATION OF FORMER objection, it is so ordered. SENATE EMPLOYEE under the control or in the possession of the Senate may promote the administration of f Mr. BROWN. Mr. President, I ask justice, the Senate will take such action as ORDER FOR RECORD TO REMAIN unanimous consent that the Senate will promote the ends of justice consistently OPEN UNTIL 2 P.M. proceed to the immediate consider- with the privileges of the Senate: Now, ation of a Senate resolution submitted therefore, be it Mr. BROWN. Mr. President, I ask earlier today by the majority leader Resolved, That William T. Brack is author- unanimous consent that the RECORD re- and the Democratic leader. ized to testify in the case of Carol Ward v. main open today until 2 p.m. for state- United States, Civil Case No. 95–WY–810–WD ments only. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The (D. Colo.), except concerning matters for clerk will report. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without which a privilege should be asserted. objection, it is so ordered. The bill clerk read as follows: SEC. 2. That the Senate Legal Coun- A resolution (S. Res. 269) to authorize tes- sel is authorized to represent William f timony and representation of former Senate T. Brack in connection with his testi- ADJOURNMENT UNTIL 1 P.M., employee in Ward v. United States. mony in Carol Ward v. United States. MONDAY, JUNE 24, 1996 The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there f Mr. BROWN. Mr. President, if there objection to the immediate consider- is no further business to come before ation of the resolution? AUTHORIZATION FOR THE USE OF THE CAPITOL GROUNDS the Senate, I ask unanimous consent There being no objection, the Senate that the Senate stand in adjournment proceeded to consider the resolution. Mr. BROWN. Mr. President, I ask under the previous order. Mr. LOTT. Mr. President, in the case unanimous consent that the Senate There being no objection, the Senate, of Ward versus United States, a civil proceed to the immediate consider- at 1:18 p.m., adjourned until Monday, action for damages resulting from al- ation of House Concurrent Resolution June 24, 1996, at 1 p.m. leged improper disclosure of tax-return 153 that has just been received from the f information by the Internal Revenue House. Service, the plaintiff has requested tes- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The NOMINATIONS timony from a former chief of staff to clerk will report. Executive nominations received by Senator BROWN. While he was employed The bill clerk read as follows: the Senate June 21, 1996:

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00040 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS June 21, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6673

THE JUDICIARY PETER C. KNUDSON, 000–00–0000 DARRYL G. BARNES, 000–00–0000 THE JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERAL’S CORPS TIMOTHY E. BARNHILL, 000–00–0000 ANDREW S. EFFRON, OF VIRGINIA, TO BE A JUDGE OF KEVIN M. BARTH, 000–00–0000 THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE To be colonel HAROLD C. BASS, 000–00–0000 ARMED FORCES FOR THE TERM OF 15 YEARS TO EXPIRE STEVEN B. BEAL, 000–00–0000 JAMES F. BUTLER, 000–00–0000 ON THE DATE PRESCRIBED BY LAW, VICE ROBERT E. HENRY BEAZLEY, 000–00–0000 WISS. MEDICAL CORPS BARRY W. BECKNER, 000–00–0000 IN THE MARINE CORPS To be colonel THOMAS R. BELLEVILLE, 000–00–0000 CHRISTOPHER P. BENDEN, 000–00–0000 THE FOLLOWING-NAMED OFFICER, ON THE ACTIVE- ANDREW G. BUSTIN, JR., 000–00–0000 DEBRA A. BEUTEL, 000–00–0000 DUTY LIST, FOR PROMOTION TO THE GRADE OF BRIGA- MARIN GARZA, 000–00–0000 JEAN BINKMCGRATH, 000–00–0000 DIER GENERAL IN THE U.S. MARINE CORPS IN ACCORD- DENNIS A. R. LARAVIA, 000–00–0000 MITCHELL S. BIONDICH, 000–00–0000 ANCE WITH SECTION 5046 OF TITLE 10, UNITED STATES MICHAEL S. MC INTOSH, 000–00–0000 MICHAEL A. BISZAK, 000–00–0000 CODE: MARK L. VANDEWALKER, 000–00–0000 ANDREW K. BLACKHURST, 000–00–0000 LARRY F. WILSON, 000–00–0000 THEODORE G. HESS, 000–00–0000 TRENT BLACKSON, 000–00–0000 IN THE AIR FORCE ARMY PROMOTION LIST MICHAEL A. BLACKWOOD, 000–00–0000 To be lieutenant colonel JAMES M. BLAIR, 000–00–0000 THE FOLLOWING AIR NATIONAL GUARD OF THE UNITED FREDDIE J. BLISH, 000–00–0000 STATES OFFICERS FOR PROMOTION IN THE RESERVE OF JAMES M. HART, 000–00–0000 ANTHONY E. BLOUNT, 000–00–0000 THE AIR FORCE UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF SECTIONS RONALD E. HOOKS, 000–00–0000 THOMAS G. BOGARD, 000–00–0000 12203 AND 8379, TITLE 10 OF THE UNITED STATES CODE. PETER F. KUTCH, 000–00–0000 WILLIAM K. BOLDEN, 000–00–0000 PROMOTIONS MADE UNDER SECTION 8379 AND CON- EDWARD A. LEACOCK, 000–00–0000 MATTHEW J. BONNOT, 000–00–0000 FIRMED BY THE SENATE UNDER SECTION 12203 SHALL TOM C. LOOMIS, 000–00–0000 MICHAEL J. BOSSE, 000–00–0000 BEAR AN EFFECTIVE DATE ESTABLISHED IN ACCORD- TERRELL W. MATHEWS, 000–00–0000 MARTIN E. BOUVERON, 000–00–0000 ANCE WITH SECTION 8374, TITLE 10 OF THE UNITED SEBASTIAN P. PUGLISI, 000–00–0000 ROBERT L. BOWDEN III, 000–00–0000 STATES CODE: FELIPE R.RENDON, JR., 000–00–0000 STUART W. BRACKEN, 000–00–0000 LINE WILLIAM S. SOBOTA, JR., 000–00–0000 XAVIER STEWART, 000–00–0000 WILLIAM P. BRANNEN, 000–00–0000 To be lieutenant colonel FRANK T. WILK, 000–00–0000 DAVID A. BRANNON, 000–00–0000 MICHAEL W. BRELAND, 000–00–0000 LARRY D. BIGGERS, 000–00–0000 ARMY MEDICAL SPECIALIST CORPS RANDAL S. BRELAND, 000–00–0000 WILLIAM F. BLACKWELL, JR., 000–00–0000 To be lieutenant colonel MARK A. BRENNAN, 000–00–0000 MARGARET A. BRADLEY, 000–00–0000 RAND A. BRINKMAN, 000–00–0000 JOHN J. DERRICO, 000–00–0000 JOANNE C. SLYTER, 000–00–0000 STEVEN P. BRODFUEHRER, 000–00–0000 JAMES B. DODD, 000–00–0000 ETOY D. BROWN, 000–00–0000 RUDOLF M.C. EYERER, 000–00–0000 ARMY NURSE CORPS JAMES E. BROWN, 000–00–0000 STEVEN J. FILO, 000–00–0000 To be lieutenant colonel JAMES R. BROWN III, 000–00–0000 ROBERT S. FOX, 000–00–0000 ROBERT W. FRITSCH, 000–00–0000 MARY E. KELLY, 000–00–0000 WILLIAM R. BROWN, 000–00–0000 MICHAEL J. BROWNE, 000–00–0000 TERRY L. FRITZ, 000–00–0000 CHAPLAIN CORPS DAVID M. HENRY, 000–00–0000 THOMAS D. BRUCE, 000–00–0000 ALLISON A. HICKEY, 000–00–0000 To be lieutenant colonel MICHAEL P. BRUEN, 000–00–0000 RALPH A. HIGGINS, 000–00–0000 ERIC V. BRYANT, 000–00–0000 KENNETH G. KIRK, 000–00–0000 SHEILA F. HOOTEN, 000–00–0000 BRYAN K. BUCKLES 000–00–0000 TERRY L. LAWSON, 000–00–0000 DENTAL CORPS WILLARD A. BUHL, 000–00–0000 JOSE R. LOPEZ-VAZQUEZ, 000–00–0000 DAVID L. BURCHINAL, 000–00–0000 GARY J. MOE, 000–00–0000 To be lieutenant colonel MARK W. BURDETTE, 000–00–0000 JANET F. NOBLE, 000–00–0000 TIMOTHY J. COEN, 000–00–0000 CLAUDE J. BURG, 000–00–0000 THOMAS F. ROUNDTREE, 000–00–0000 MARIA D. TERRER-NICHOLS, 000–00–0000 DENNIS T. BURKE, 000–00–0000 PETER J. ROWEN, 000–00–0000 SEAN J. BURKE, 000–00–0000 THE JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERAL S CORPS MARK F. SEARS, 000–00–0000 ’ RODNEY D. BURNETT, 000–00–0000 STEVEN T. SMITH, 000–00–0000 To be lieutenant colonel ROBERT E. BUSHTA, 000–00–0000 BRUCE H. SWEZEY, 000–00–0000 TERENCE E. BUSMIRE, 000–00–0000 JOHN P. SWIFT, 000–00–0000 MICHAEL J. TUOHY, 000–00–0000 JEFFREY J. BUTLER, 000–00–0000 WAYNE L. THOMAS, 000–00–0000 MEDICAL SERVICE CORPS BRENNAN T. BYRNE, 000–00–0000 ALBERT M. WOOLLEY, JR., 000–00–0000 To be lieutenant colonel BRIAN J. BYRNE, 000–00–0000 JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS DEPARTMENT VERNON F. CALDWELL, 000–00–0000 To be lieutenant colonel ROBERT M. TRAYNOR, 000–00–0000 THEODORE E. CALDWELL, JR., 000–00–0000 ALTON E. CAMPBELL, 000–00–0000 CHARLES E. TUCKER, JR., 000–00–0000 THE FOLLOWING-NAMED OFFICERS, ON THE ACTIVE JIMMY D. CANADA II, 000–00–0000 DUTY LIST, FOR PROMOTION TO THE GRADE INDICATED CHAPLAIN CORPS MAX CARAMANIAN 000–00–0000 IN THE U.S. ARMY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION S624, CHRISTOPHER G. CARLSON, 000–00–0000 TITLE 10, U.S.C. THE OFFICER IDENTIFIED WITH AN AS- To be lieutenant colonel THOMAS CARNESI III, 000–00–0000 TERISK (*) IS ALSO NOMINATED FOR REGULAR APPOINT- JERRY A. CARPENTER, 000–00–0000 EDWARD D. PETERSON, 000–00–0000 MENT IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 531 OF TITLE 10, CARL W. CARRELL, 000–00–0000 WILLIAM T. YATES, 000–00–0000 UNITED STATES CODE: JEFFERY S. CARUSONE, 000–00–0000 MEDICAL CORPS CHAPLAIN CORPS CHRISTOPHER D. CASADOS, 000–00–0000 To be lieutenant colonel To be major ANDREW S. CAUTHEN, 000–00–0000 JAMES J. CAVAGNARO, 000–00–0000 JUAN R. CARRERAS, 000–00–0000 *GREGORY B. BAXTER, 000–00–0000 KENNETH R. CHAMBERS, 000–00–0000 JOHN J. MC GRAW, 000–00–0000 MEDICAL CORPS ROBERT J. CHARETTE, 000–00–0000 IN THE ARMY CARLEN T. CHARLESTON, 000–00–0000 To be major ERIC T. CHASE, 000–00–0000 THE FOLLOWING-NAMED ARMY NATIONAL GUARD OF GLENN N. CHEATHAM, 000–00–0000 HERBERT L. SUTTON, 000–00–0000 THE UNITED STATES OFFICERS FOR PROMOTION IN THE PETER K. BAMBERGER, 000–00–0000 CHARLES G. CHIAROTTI, 000–00–0000 RESERVE OF THE ARMY OF THE UNITED STATES, UNDER RAYMOND D. GREASER, 000–00–0000 ALBERT K. CHILDS, JR., 000–00–0000 THE PROVISIONS OF TITLE 10, UNITED STATES CODE, STEVEN D. PICERNE, 000–00–0000 STEPHEN A. CHILL, 000–00–0000 SECTIONS 12203 AND 3385: MARY F. SIPPELL, 000–00–0000 STEPHEN S. CHOATE, 000–00–0000 ARMY PROMOTION LIST RODNEY M. CHOI, 000–00–0000 IN THE MARINE CORPS JOHN M. CHRISTENSEN, 000–00–0000 To be colonel THE FOLLOWING-NAMED OFFICERS, ON THE ACTIVE- JAMES P. CHRISTOPHERSON, 000–00–0000 GREGORY K. AUSTIN, 000–00–0000 DUTY LIST, FOR PROMOTION TO THE GRADE OF MAJOR JAMIE E. CLARK, 000–00–0000 CRAIG G. BIRCHARD, 000–00–0000 IN THE U.S. MARINE CORPS IN ACCORDANCE WITH SEC- LARRY CLAYTON, 000–00–0000 BEN W. CARR, JR., 000–00–0000 TION 624 OF TITLE 10, U.S.C. CRAIG R. CLEMENT, 000–00–0000 ROBERT C. CLEMENTS, 000–00–0000 IVONNE CORDERO-MURATTI, 000–00–0000 MARK D. ABELSON, 000–00–0000 DAVID E. GLINES, 000–00–0000 MARK A. ADAMS, 000–00–0000 ROBERT W. COATE, 000–00–0000 JAMES D. HAMILTON, 000–00–0000 ALBERT R. ADLER, 000–00–0000 GREGORY K. COHEN, 000–00–0000 PAUL E. HARMAN, 000–00–0000 MARK L. AEPPLI, 000–00–0000 BRIAN C. COLEBAUGH, 000–00–0000 JERALD L. KEUTER, 000–00–0000 MICHAEL J. AHERN, 000–00–0000 ROBERT C. COLLINS, 000–00–0000 JAMES A. KRUECK, 000–00–0000 PETER W. AHERN, 000–00–0000 TERRY L. COMPTON, 000–00–0000 JIMMIE M. MC DONALD, 000–00–0000 JOHN A. AHO, 000–00–0000 RANDALL M. CONNARE, 000–00–0000 TERRILL K. MOFFETT, 000–00–0000 JEFFREY A. AIVAZ, 000–00–0000 NORMAN L. COOLING, 000–00–0000 THOMAS A. MORTON, 000–00–0000 MARK L. ALEXANDER, 000–00–0000 CHRISTOPHER P. COSTELLO, 000–00–0000 GARRY D. PATTERSON, 000–00–0000 BENJAMIN P. ALLEGRETTI, 000–00–0000 STEPHEN A. COX, 000–00–0000 GERALD T. RANDKLEV, 000–00–0000 AARON T. AMEY, 000–00–0000 EDWIN B. COYL III, 000–00–0000 CHARLES E. ROCKWELL, JR., 000–00–0000 CRAIG A. AMUNDSON, 000–00–0000 KRISTA J. CROSETTO, 000–00–0000 DENNIS M. SAVAGE, 000–00–0000 DAVID C. ANDERSEN, 000–00–0000 DENNIS M. CUNNIFFE, 000–00–0000 DANNY C. SHORT, 000–00–0000 DAVID J. ANDERSON, 000–00–0000 WILLIAM R. CUNNINGHAM, 000–00–0000 RONALD A. SNEAD, 000–00–0000 GREGORY D. ANDERSON, 000–00–0000 TIMOTHY M. CURRY, 000–00–0000 ANTHONY M. VALLOMBROSO, 000–00–0000 JOEL D. ANDERSON, 000–00–0000 TIMOTHY B. CUTRIGHT, 000–00–0000 ARMY NURSE CORPS JAMES A. ARCHER, 000–00–0000 BRIAN P. CYR, 000–00–0000 GLENN R. ARMAGOST, 000–00–0000 RONALD E. DAHART, 000–00–0000 To be colonel TIMOTHY T. ARMSTRONG, 000–00–0000 THOMAS F. DALEY, 000–00–0000 JAY T. ARNETT, 000–00–0000 GAIL A. DEAL, 000–00–0000 JOHN J. DALY, 000–00–0000 JEFREY M. ARNOLD, 000–00–0000 GEORGETTE E. THURMOND, 000–00–0000 JAMES G. DAVIDSON, 000–00–0000 JEFFREY K. ARRUDA, 000–00–0000 CHAPLAIN CORPS MICHAEL L. ARTBAUER, 000–00–0000 BRIAN J. DAVIS, 000–00–0000 SEAN W. ASH, 000–00–0000 JOSEPH P. DAVIS, 000–00–0000 To be colonel DAVID N. ASHBY, 000–00–0000 JEFFREY E. DEAROLPH, 000–00–0000 JOHN A. DECATO, 000–00–0000 EVAN J. JONES, 000–00–0000 JOSEPH F. AUGUSTINE III, 000–00–0000 JOE D. BAKER II, 000–00–0000 PAUL B. DECKERT, 000–00–0000 DENTAL CORPS WILLIAM H. BAKER, 000–00–0000 PATRICK J. DELONG, 000–00–0000 To be colonel DONALD P. BALDWIN, 000–00–0000 PAUL R. DEMERS, 000–00–0000 KATHY A. BANNICK, 000–00–0000 ROBERT R. DEMING, 000–00–0000 JERRY V. BREWSTER, 000–00–0000 EDWARD D. BANTA, 000–00–0000 JOSEPH G. DENNISON, 000–00–0000

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00041 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 9801 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S6674 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 21, 1996

PETER J. DEPATIE, 000–00–0000 STEWART H. HOLMES, 000–00–0000 KIRK A. MC DANIEL, 000–00–0000 CURTIS C. DEPPNER, 000–00–0000 ALEXANDER H. HORAN, 000–00–0000 JAMES A. MC DONALD III, 000–00–0000 DANNY A. DEREDITA, 000–00–0000 JAMES G. HORTON, 000–00–0000 MICHAEL V. MC DONALD, 000–00–0000 DAVID P. DEWAELE, 000–00–0000 MICHAEL J. HOWER, 000–00–0000 MATTHEW D. MC EWEN, 000–00–0000 RICHARD L. DIDDAMS, JR., 000–00–0000 NANCY E. HURLESS, 000–00–0000 RUSSELL O. MC GEE, 000–00–0000 JAMES T. DILLON, 000–00–0000 ROBERT B. HUTCHINSON, 000–00–0000 JAMES E. MC GINLEY, 000–00–0000 NORMAND J. DILLON, JR., 000–00–0000 TIMOTHY J. HYDE, 000–00–0000 PATRICK M. MC GINN, 000–00–0000 STEPHEN R. DINAUER, 000–00–0000 TODD C. HYSON, 000–00–0000 THOMAS D. MC GINNIS, 000–00–0000 PAUL D. DONAHUE, 000–00–0000 KEVIN M. IIAMS, 000–00–0000 MARK D. MC GRAW, 000–00–0000 DREW T. DOOLIN, 000–00–0000 STEVEN M. IMMEL, 000–00–0000 JAMES A. MC KENNA, 000–00–0000 THOMAS J. DORAN, 000–00–0000 WILLIAM J. INSERRA, 000–00–0000 BRYAN D. MC KINNEY, 000–00–0000 RICHARD C. DOWLER, 000–00–0000 RICHARD C. JACKSON II, 000–00–0000 GREG D. MC MANUS, 000–00–0000 FRANCIS A. DOWSE, 000–00–0000 JOHN M. JANSEN, 000–00–0000 KEITH A. MEISENHEIMER, 000–00–0000 JEFFERSON L. DUBINOK, 000–00–0000 KIRK B. JANSEN, 000–00–0000 DANIEL D. MENDIOLA, 000–00–0000 BYRON W. DUKE, 000–00–0000 JOSEPH M. JEFFREY III, 000–00–0000 JEFFREY L. MERCHANT, 000–00–0000 STEPHEN E. DUKE, 000–00–0000 EDWARD M. JEFFRIES, JR., 000–00–0000 STEVEN L. MERCHANT, 000–00–0000 JAMES F. DURAND, 000–00–0000 ALTO L. JERKINS III, 000–00–0000 GERALD A. MERRIMAN II, 000–00–0000 JOHN M. DURKIN, JR., 000–00–0000 JEFFREY A. JEWELL, 000–00–0000 LAUREN R. MIHLON, 000–00–0000 WILLIAM J. DVORAK, 000–00–0000 ANTHONY J. JOHNSON, 000–00–0000 GLEN MILES, 000–00–0000 RICHARD E. EARL, 000–00–0000 HAROLD J. JOHNSON III, 000–00–0000 RICHARD O. MILES, JR., 000–00–0000 THOMAS B. EIPP, 000–00–0000 JAY E. JOHNSON, 000–00–0000 GERALD J. MILLER, 000–00–0000 GEORGE M. ELLIS, 000–00–0000 KIM C. JOHNSON, 000–00–0000 KURT L. MILLER, 000–00–0000 ROBERT N. ELLITHORPE, 000–00–0000 MICHAEL J. JOHNSON, 000–00–0000 PAUL A. MILLER, 000–00–0000 DANIEL W. ELZIE, 000–00–0000 MICHAEL W. JOHNSON, 000–00–0000 ROBERT M. MILLER, 000–00–0000 SHAWN A. ENGEL, 000–00–0000 ROBERT A. JONES, 000–00–0000 SCOTT T. MINALDI, 000–00–0000 ANDREW C. ENTINGH, 000–00–0000 STEVEN P. JONES, 000–00–0000 EDWARD H. MINCHIN III, 000–00–0000 YORI R. ESCALANTE, 000–00–0000 DEWEY G. JORDAN, 000–00–0000 CHRIS W. MINER, 000–00–0000 PAUL F. EVEN, 000–00–0000 BRIAN T. JOSTEN, 000–00–0000 JOSEPH D. MISTRETTA, 000–00–0000 DOUGLAS H. FAIRFIELD, 000–00–0000 DARREN S. JUMP, 000–00–0000 MARK W. MITCHELL, 000–00–0000 DAVID A. FALK, 000–00–0000 ERIC R. JUNGER, 000–00–0000 DANIEL P. MONAHAN, 000–00–0000 CHARLES R. FERGUSON, JR., 000–00–0000 JAMES J. JUSTICE, 000–00–0000 JEFFERY M. MONIZ, 000–00–0000 RONALD R. FINELLI, 000–00–0000 JOHN F. KAMMEIER, 000–00–0000 MICHAEL W. MONTESANTI, 000–00–0000 BARRY J. FITZPATRICK, JR., 000–00–0000 JEFFREY A. KARNES, 000–00–0000 VINCENT K. MOONEY, 000–00–0000 DAVID A. FLYNN, 000–00–0000 JOHN E. KASPERSKI, 000–00–0000 JAMES T. MOORE, JR., 000–00–0000 RALPH A. FOBELL, JR., 000–00–0000 STACY D. KAUCHER, 000–00–0000 KEITH M. MOORE, 000–00–0000 PAUL J. FONTANEZ, 000–00–0000 STEPHEN H. KAY, 000–00–0000 HERBERT G. MORAN III, 000–00–0000 PATRICK W. FORD, 000–00–0000 PETER J. KEATING, 000–00–0000 LOUIS D. MORET, 000–00–0000 MATTHEW S. FORSTHOEFEL, 000–00–0000 GEORGE A. KELLING, 000–00–0000 ROGER J. MORIN, 000–00–0000 JOHN G. FORTI, JR., 000–00–0000 MICHAEL A. KELLY, 000–00–0000 DONALD C. MORSE, 000–00–0000 CHRISTOPHER C. FOSTER, 000–00–0000 BRIAN D. KERL, 000–00–0000 JEFFREY K. MOSHER, 000–00–0000 GREGORY T. FRAZIER, 000–00–0000 ERIC P. KESSLER, 000–00–0000 MATTHEW S. MUCKELBAUER, 000–00–0000 JOHN W. FREDA, 000–00–0000 MICHAEL P. KILLION, 000–00–0000 WILLIAM F. MULLEN III, 000–00–0000 JOHN H. FREEMAN, 000–00–0000 LAWRENCE E. KILLMEIER, JR., 000–00–0000 JAMES M. MULLINS, SR., 000–00–0000 KIRK L. FREUND, 000–00–0000 JAMES C. KING II, 000–00–0000 JEFFREY A. MUNSHAUR, 000–00–0000 GRANT V. FREY, 000–00–0000 KEVIN D. KING, 000–00–0000 MICHAEL L. MURPHY, 000–00–0000 CHRISTOPHER W. FUNKHAUSER, 000–00–0000 MICHAEL G. KIRBY, 000–00–0000 MICHAEL P. MURTHA, 000–00–0000 STEPHEN J. GABRI, 000–00–0000 SAMUEL A. KIRBY, 000–00–0000 HOWARD W. NELSON, 000–00–0000 JEFFERY E. GAMBER, 000–00–0000 ERIC R. KLEIBER, 000–00–0000 ANTON H. NERAD, 000–00–0000 JOHN R. GAMBRINO, 000–00–0000 GREGORY F. KLEINE, 000–00–0000 JOHN G. NETTLES, 000–00–0000 JOHN J. GAMELIN, 000–00–0000 PATRICK E. KLINE, 000–00–0000 BRUCE W. NEUBERGER, 000–00–0000 ROGER A. GARAY, 000–00–0000 DARRICK M. KNIGHT, 000–00–0000 BARRY C. NEULEN, 000–00–0000 RANDALL E. GARCIA, 000–00–0000 DAVID C. KNUTH, 000–00–0000 BRUCE E. NICKLE, 000–00–0000 RUBEN J. GARZA, 000–00–0000 GARY D. KOCH, JR., 000–00–0000 CHRISTEN A. NIELSEN, 000–00–0000 CINDY H. GATS, 000–00–0000 MICHAEL K. KOZIK, 000–00–0000 JAMES E. NIERLE, 000–00–0000 PAUL G. GAYAN, 000–00–0000 JEFF J. KRIEGER, 000–00–0000 WILLIAM J. NIX, 000–00–0000 PETER T. GAYNOR, 000–00–0000 JAMES F. KROMBERG, 000–00–0000 MICHAEL W. NOBLIT, 000–00–0000 GREGORY T. GDANSKI 000–00–0000 BERNARD J. KRUEGER, 000–00–0000 BRENT A. NORRIS, 000–00–0000 ERIC L. GEISSLER, 000–00–0000 VINCENT C. KUCALA, 000–00–0000 CRAIG J. NYSVEN, 000–00–0000 KEIL R. GENTRY, 000–00–0000 DANIEL C. KUDLICKI, 000–00–0000 MARK K. OBERG, 000–00–0000 ROY E. GENTRY, JR., 000–00–0000 MARC J. LACLAIR, 000–00–0000 JOHN L. OBRIEN, 000–00–0000 GREGORY N. GLASSER, 000–00–0000 DAVID B. LADEN, 000–00–0000 EDWIN V. ODISHO II, 000–00–0000 MATTHEW G. GLAVY, 000–00–0000 JASON J. LAGASCA, 000–00–0000 CHARLES E. ODONNELL, 000–00–0000 GUY P. GLAZIER, 000–00–0000 MARC H. LAMBERT, 000–00–0000 LAWERENCE J. OLIVER, 000–00–0000 ROBERT L. GLENDENING, 000–00–0000 BRYANT E. LANDEAN, 000–00–0000 RONALD D. OLKO, 000–00–0000 TODD M. GLENN, 000–00–0000 JACK J. LANDRETH, 000–00–0000 JAMES S. OMEARA, 000–00–0000 HAL M. GOBIN, 000–00–0000 RICHARD E. LANICEK, 000–00–0000 ALAN J. ORR II, 000–00–0000 WILLIE R. GOLDSCHMIDT, 000–00–0000 PHILIP S. LARK, 000–00–0000 MICHAEL J. OUZTS, 000–00–0000 THOMAS C. GONTER, 000–00–0000 TERENCE J. LARKIN, 000–00–0000 PETER F. OWEN, 000–00–0000 GILBERTO C. GONZALEZ, 000–00–0000 JOSE A. LATORRE, 000–00–0000 BEN H. OWENS, 000–00–0000 DAVID R. GOODELL III, 000–00–0000 MARK D. LAVIOLETTE, 000–00–0000 JOSEPH W. OZMER II, 000–00–0000 MARK G. GOODMAN, 000–00–0000 RANDY J. LAWSON, 000–00–0000 BRIAN S. PAGEL, 000–00–0000 KERRY T. GORDON, 000–00–0000 DUANE M. LEGAN, 000–00–0000 RICK A. PAGEL, 000–00–0000 THOMAS A. GORRY, 000–00–0000 JAMES J. LENEGHAN, 000–00–0000 KEITH W. PANKHURST, 000–00–0000 DAVID G. GOULET, 000–00–0000 MICHAEL K. LENNON, 000–00–0000 DANNY D. PANTALEO, 000–00–0000 SCOTT T. GOWELL, 000–00–0000 ERIC J. LEVESQUE, 000–00–0000 CHRISTOPHER J. PAPAJ, 000–00–0000 KIMBERLY A. GRAHAM, 000–00–0000 JIMMY W. LEWIS, 000–00–0000 HOWARD T. PARKER, JR., 000–00–0000 JOSEPH P. GRANATA, 000–00–0000 SAMUEL LIMA, 000–00–0000 JOHN R. PARKER, 000–00–0000 KEVIN T. GREEN, 000–00–0000 JOHNNY E. LINDSEY, JR., 000–00–0000 MICHAEL B. PARKYN, 000–00–0000 DAVID S. GREENE, 000–00–0000 LAURA LITTLE, 000–00–0000 BILLY PARSON, 000–00–0000 RICHARD L. GREENWOOD, 000–00–0000 THOMAS E. LITTLE, 000–00–0000 BENTON O. PASCHALL, 000–00–0000 BOBBY G. GREGORY, JR., 000–00–0000 TODD L. LLOYD, 000–00–0000 TIMOTHY A. PASTVA, 000–00–0000 JAMES D. GRIFFIN III, 000–00–0000 BRIAN D. LONG, 000–00–0000 GABRIEL PATRICIO, 000–00–0000 MICHAEL S. GROEN, 000–00–0000 RICHARD S. LONG, 000–00–0000 BENJAMIN C. PATTERSON, 000–00–0000 MICHAEL S. GROGAN, 000–00–0000 ROBERT C. LORIA, 000–00–0000 NOELE PATTERSON, 000–00–0000 BRETT J. GROSSHANS, 000–00–0000 OWEN R. LOVEJOY II, 000–00–0000 STANTON H. PATTY, JR., 000–00–0000 STEVE D. HAGERTY, 000–00–0000 JAMES B. LOVING, 000–00–0000 RUSSELL A. PAULSEN, 000–00–0000 PATRICK W. HALL, 000–00–0000 ROBERT D. LOYND, 000–00–0000 FRANKLIN O. PAYNE, 000–00–0000 MARK HAMESTER, 000–00–0000 FRANK LUSTER III, 000–00–0000 DAVID PERE, 000–00–0000 JEFFREY W. HANNAY, 000–00–0000 MATHEW P. LUTZ, 000–00–0000 ANTONIO P. PETERSEN, 000–00–0000 ERIC G. HANSEN, 000–00–0000 TODD W. LYMAN, 000–00–0000 ALVIN W. PETERSON, JR., 000–00–0000 STEVEN M. HANSON, 000–00–0000 TIMOTHY P. LYNCH, 000–00–0000 DONNA J. PETIT, 000–00–0000 TIMOTHY G. HANSON, 000–00–0000 DUGALD E. MAC DONALD, 000–00–0000 MICHAEL A. PETRUZZIELLO, 000–00–0000 BLAISE D. HARDING, 000–00–0000 COLIN J. MAC FARLANE, 000–00–0000 JOSEPH J. PETTO, 000–00–0000 GARY L. HARDY, 000–00–0000 SCOTT N. MAC FARLANE, 000–00–0000 ANDREW J. PFIESTER, 000–00–0000 WILLIAM J. HARKIN II, 000–00–0000 MARY J. MAC GREGOR, 000–00–0000 GEORGE D. PICKETT, 000–00–0000 WILLIAM J. HARKINS, JR., 000–00–0000 TIMOTHY J. MAC KENZIE, 000–00–0000 TIMOTHY J. PIERSON, 000–00–0000 GERALD F. HARPER, JR., 000–00–0000 KEVIN P. MAHNE, 000–00–0000 CHRISTOPHER C. PLANETA, 000–00–0000 THOMAS J. HARTSHORNE, 000–00–0000 JOAQUIN F. MALAVET, 000–00–0000 THOMAS D. PLEITGEN, 000–00–0000 JOHN F. HAVRANEK, 000–00–0000 JOHN P. MANGOLD, 000–00–0000 LAYTON R. PLUNKETT, 000–00–0000 ROBERT L. HEAD, 000–00–0000 JOHN D. MANZA, 000–00–0000 MICHAEL D. POCKETTE, 000–00–0000 ROBERT M. HEIDENREICH, 000–00–0000 WILLIAM C. MAPLES, 000–00–0000 RAYMOND M. POINSETTE, 000–00–0000 KENNETH S. HELFRICH, 000–00–0000 JOSEPH C. MARELLO, JR., 000–00–0000 GEORGE D. POINTON, 000–00–0000 MARK HELMUS, 000–00–0000 DIANE M. MARQUIS, 000–00–0000 ROBERT F. PRESSLY, 000–00–0000 CLARKE D. HENDERSON, 000–00–0000 BRADFORD L. MARTIN, 000–00–0000 ROBERT T. PRIOR, 000–00–0000 SAMUEL L. HENRY JR., 000–00–0000 RONALD J. MARTIN, 000–00–0000 THOMAS R. PROTZELLER, 000–00–0000 MARK A. HENSEN, 000–00–0000 SCOTT W. MARTIN, 000–00–0000 SCOTT M. QUINLAN, 000–00–0000 DALE W. HERDEGEN, 000–00–0000 JEFFREY P. MARTINEZ, 000–00–0000 JAMES S. RAMIREZ, JR., 000–00–0000 ANTHONY R. HERLIHY, 000–00–0000 DANIEL E. MASUR, 000–00–0000 MICHAEL R. RAMOS, 000–00–0000 EDWARD G. HERNANDEZ, 000–00–0000 THOMAS F. MAY, 000–00–0000 JAMES D. REED II, 000–00–0000 WILLIAM K. HERSHBERGER, 000–00–0000 JAMES S. MAYBERRY, 000–00–0000 KEVIN F. REILLY, 000–00–0000 MARCUS O. HEWETT, 000–00–0000 SEAN P. MC BRIDE, 000–00–0000 JEFFREY S. RENIER, 000–00–0000 BRUCE T. HILGARTNER, 000–00–0000 CHRISTOPHER R. MC CARTHY, 000–00–0000 JOHN V. RESCHAR, JR., 000–00–0000 JEFFREY M. HINES, 000–00–0000 CHARLES B. MC CLELLAND, 000–00–0000 LORETTA E. REYNOLDS, 000–00–0000 CHARLES O. HOBAUGH, 000–00–0000 HENRY J. MC CLURG, 000–00–0000 LAMONT W. RHONDEAU, 000–00–0000 DANIEL C. HODGES, 000–00–0000 CHARLES W. MC COBB, 000–00–0000 PHILLIP J. RIDDERHOF, 000–00–0000 JAMES A. HOGBERG, 000–00–0000 MARC D. MC COY, 000–00–0000 MIGUEL A. RIVA, 000–00–0000 THOMAS G. HOLDEN, 000–00–0000 CLIFTON J. MC CULLOUGH, 000–00–0000 KEVIN C. ROGERS, 000–00–0000

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00042 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 9801 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS June 21, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6675

PHILIPPE D. ROGERS, 000–00–0000 MATTHEW J. SMITHMECK, 000–00–0000 MARK M. TULL, 000–00–0000 DALE A. ROLAND, 000–00–0000 THOMAS G. SMYTH, 000–00–0000 JEFFREY I. TURK, 000–00–0000 FRANKLIN J. ROSA, 000–00–0000 WILLIAM B. SPAHN, 000–00–0000 RUSSELL G. TYSINGER, 000–00–0000 DONALD M. ROSS, 000–00–0000 MICHAEL J. SPERRY, 000–00–0000 BRAD E. VALDYKE, 000–00–0000 STEVEN A. ROSS, 000–00–0000 EDWARD N. SPICKNALL, 000–00–0000 ALVIN J. VANSTEENBERGEN 000–00–0000 DAVID S. ROWE, 000–00–0000 TODD R. STANDARD, 000–00–0000 BRADLEY C. VICKERS, 000–00–0000 THADDEUS A. RUANE, 000–00–0000 DOUGLAS T. STEELE, 000–00–0000 MONTY A. VOLD, 000–00–0000 AMANDO RUIZ III, 000–00–0000 DENNIS H. STEGALL, 000–00–0000 TODD W. VOSPER, 000–00–0000 THOMAS W. RUSSELL, 000–00–0000 ERIC J. STEIDL, 000–00–0000 DAVID A. VOSTEEN, 000–00–0000 SPENCER RUTLEDGE III, 000–00–0000 BRADLEY W. STEPHENS, 000–00–0000 GREGORY A. WAGAMAN, 000–00–0000 THOMAS S. RUTLEDGE, 000–00–0000 ERIC B. STONE, 000–00–0000 SCOTT A. WALKER, 000–00–0000 LAWRENCE S. RYDER, 000–00–0000 ROGER L. STONE, 000–00–0000 RONALD D. WALLACE, 000–00–0000 PHILIP G. RYNN, 000–00–0000 DANNY R. STRAND, 000–00–0000 SHAUN L. SADLER, 000–00–0000 ROGER M. STRAUSS, 000–00–0000 JOHN S. WALSH, 000–00–0000 STANLEY W. SALAMON, 000–00–0000 LESLIE E. STRICKLAND, 000–00–0000 THOMAS W. WARD, 000–00–0000 SHARON M. SALATHE, 000–00–0000 JOSEPH R. STROHMAN, 000–00–0000 JEFFREY D. WARREN, 000–00–0000 RUSSELL A. SANBORN, 000–00–0000 CHARLES W. STUBBS, 000–00–0000 WALTER R. WATSON, 000–00–0000 JOEL S. SAUER, 000–00–0000 DANIEL J. SULLIVAN, 000–00–0000 STEPHEN M. WAUGH, 000–00–0000 TIMOTHY L. SAWICKI, 000–00–0000 THOMAS G. SULLIVAN, 000–00–0000 DANIEL J. WAWRZYNIAK, 000–00–0000 ROSS E. SCANIO, 000–00–0000 TIMOTHY L. SULLIVAN, 000–00–0000 JAMES P. WEDGE, 000–00–0000 CHRISTOPHER J. SCHLAFER, 000–00–0000 DIANNE L. SUMNER, 000–00–0000 RICHARD H. WEEDE, 000–00–0000 KIRK D. SCHLOTZHAUER, 000–00–0000 JOHN D. SUMNER, 000–00–0000 JOHN C. WEHNER, 000–00–0000 DONALD C. SCHOPPE, 000–00–0000 KEVIN M. SUTHERLAND, 000–00–0000 LARRY W. WEIDNER II, 000–00–0000 PAUL C. SCHRECK, 000–00–0000 SHAWN T. SUTHERLAND, 000–00–0000 STEVEN B. WEINBERG, 000–00–0000 JOHN M. SCHULTZ, 000–00–0000 DELSIE L. SWEARINGEN, 000–00–0000 DAVID C. WEIR, 000–00–0000 CALLISTUS T. SCHWEIGER, 000–00–0000 CLINTON L. SWETT, 000–00–0000 MARK A. WERTH, 000–00–0000 DOUGLAS J. SCOTT, 000–00–0000 JOHN D. SWIFT, 000–00–0000 CHRISTINE H. WESELY, 000–00–0000 TIMOTHY P. SEGNERI, 000–00–0000 DAVID A. TAGG, 000–00–0000 LAWRENCE A. WHALEN, 000–00–0000 SCOT S. SEITZ, 000–00–0000 CLARENCE S. TALAMANTES, 000–00–0000 KEVIN H. WILD, 000–00–0000 WILLIAM R. SELLARS, 000–00–0000 CHARLES D. TAPPA, 000–00–0000 LEE B. WILLARD, 000–00–0000 BRUCE A. SHANK, 000–00–0000 JAMES R. TAYLOR, 000–00–0000 EARNEST WILLIAMS III, 000–00–0000 KEVIN E. SHANLEY, 000–00–0000 JAMES S. TEEPLES, 000–00–0000 SCOTT P. WILLIAMS, 000–00–0000 RICHARD S. SHAW, 000–00–0000 JOSEPH L. TERRY, 000–00–0000 PAUL A. SHELTON, 000–00–0000 DON M. THANARS, 000–00–0000 TERRY V. WILLIAMS, 000–00–0000 MICHAEL G. SHERRILL, 000–00–0000 JOSEPH J. THOMAS, 000–00–0000 RICHARD W. WILLIAMSON, 000–00–0000 RICHARD N. SHIZURU, 000–00–0000 REGINALD C. THOMAS, 000–00–0000 PERRIN D. WINKELMAN, 000–00–0000 SHANNON A. SHY, 000–00–0000 MARK A. THOMPSON, 000–00–0000 ANTHONY L. WINTERS, 000–00–0000 GREGORY L. SIMMONS, 000–00–0000 LESLIE A. TIPTON, 000–00–0000 MARK R. WISE, 000–00–0000 STEVEN A. SIMMONS, 000–00–0000 RICHARD P. TIRRELL, 000–00–0000 JEFFREY A. WOLFF, 000–00–0000 AARON T. SLAUGHTER, 000–00–0000 DONALD D. TOLBERT, JR., 000–00–0000 ROBERT C. WOMELSDORF, 000–00–0000 BARTON S. SLOAT, 000–00–0000 GREGORY M. TOLLIVER, 000–00–0000 LEWIS E. WOOD, 000–00–0000 JAMES S. SMITH, 000–00–0000 RAYMOND TOLOMEO, 000–00–0000 JEFFREY R. WOODS, 000–00–0000 JAY C. SMITH, 000–00–0000 ARTHUR TOMASSETTI, 000–00–0000 KEVIN T. WOOLEY, 000–00–0000 KEITH G. SMITH, 000–00–0000 SHERRY A. TOMLEY, 000–00–0000 MARK A. WORKMAN, 000–00–0000 RANDY D. SMITH, 000–00–0000 NORBERT J. TORRES, 000–00–0000 JUSTIN A. WRIGHT, 000–00–0000 RICHARD C. SMITH, 000–00–0000 MICHAEL A. TRABUN, 000–00–0000 JOHN E. YOUNG, 000–00–0000 RUSSELL H. SMITH, 000–00–0000 WILLIAM A. TUCKER, 000–00–0000 JEFFREY R. ZELLER, 000–00–0000 STUART J. SMITH, 000–00–0000 CHALRES J. TULANEY, 000–00–0000 PETER D. ZORETIC, 000–00–0000

VerDate Aug 31 2005 06:32 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00043 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 9801 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S21JN6.REC S21JN6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS