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Animal Identification (Advanced)

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Animal Identification (Advanced) Animal Identification (Advanced) This Chapter Covers: ♦ Canine Identification ♦ Feline Identification ♦ Wildlife Identification Canine Identification You need to know dog breeds and groups, in addition to the information you learned in the basic course. The American Kennel Club currently recognizes 136 breeds of dogs and divides them into seven groups: ! Sporting Dog ! Hound ! Working Dog ! Terrier ! Toy ! Non-Sporting ! Herding Each group contains many breeds that have common features or a similar use. Zoonosis Control Division – 9/03 Animal Identification - 1 Animal Identification (Advanced) # Sporting Dogs The sporting dogs are placed into four basic categories: pointers, retrievers, setters, and spaniels. This group contains what we usually consider the hunting dogs. Pointers and setters are the breeds that "point" when hunting birds. Spaniels are generally smaller and are used to flush birds from cover. Retrievers recover downed birds after they have been shot. In general, these breeds are of good temperament and most make good family or companion animals. These dogs are very active and require exercise to stay in shape. Some of the more popular breeds in the sporting group are: ! American Cocker Spaniel ! Golden Retriever ! Irish Setter ! Labrador Retriever ! Pointer Other breeds in the sporting group are: * American Water Spaniel * Brittany Spaniel * Chesapeake Bay Retriever * Clumber Spaniel * Curly-Coated Retriever * English Cocker Spaniel * English Setter * English Springer Spaniel * Field Spaniel * Flat-Coated Retriever * German Shorthair Pointer * German Wirehair Pointer * Gordon Setter * Sussex Spaniel * Vizsla * Weimaraner * Welsh Springer Spaniel * Wirehaired Pointing Griffon Animal Identification - 2 Zoonosis Control Divison – 9/03 Animal Identification (Advanced) # Hounds The hound breeds are divided into two categories: scent and sight hounds. Both categories can be used for hunting, although greyhounds and whippets are used in dog racing. Scent hounds have exceptional olfactory (smell) senses and are commonly said to Ahave a good nose.@ They are used to trail or track animals by scent. These breeds are quite popular for rabbit, fox, and raccoon hunting. Sight hounds hunt by seeing their game and chasing it until capture. They possess very keen eyesight and great speed. Some of the more common breeds in the hound group are: ! Beagle ! Bloodhound ! Dachshund ! Greyhound ! Norwegian Elkhound Other breeds in the hound group are: * Afghan Hound * American Foxhound * Basenji * Basset Hound * Black and Tan Coonhound * Borzoi * English Foxhound * Harrier * Ibizan Hound * Irish Wolfhound * Otter Hound * Pharaoh Hound * Rhodesian Ridgeback * Saluki * Scottish Deerhound * Whippet Zoonosis Control Division – 9/03 Animal Identification - 3 Animal Identification (Advanced) # Working Dogs The working group can be divided into two classes: guard and draft. Guard dogs are used to protect the life and property of humans. Draft dogs are still used to pull sleds or carts. Some of these breeds are large animals and may not be suitable for a small house with limited yard space. Some of the more popular breeds in the working group are: ! Akita ! Doberman Pinscher ! Great Dane ! Rottweiler ! Siberian Husky Other breeds in the working group are: * Alaskan Malamute * Bernese Mountain Dog * Boxer * Bullmastiff * Giant Schnauzer * Great Pyrenees * Komondor * Kuvasz * Mastiff * Newfoundland * Portuguese Water Dog * St. Bernard * Samoyed * Standard Schnauzer Animal Identification - 4 Zoonosis Control Divison – 9/03 Animal Identification (Advanced) # Terrier Group Terriers were first bred to be hunters that could go underground after their prey. They bark freely and make good burglar alarms. Terriers are very playful and courageous; they also have good feet, good teeth, and a strong jaw. In general, terriers make good companion animals, and most adapt well to city life. Some of the more popular breeds in the terrier group are: ! Airedale Terrier ! Bull Terrier ! Miniature Schnauzer ! Scottish Terrier ! Wire Fox Terrier Other breeds in the terrier group are: * American Staffordshire Terrier * Australian Terrier * Bedlington Terrier * Border Terrier * Cairn Terrier * Dandie Dinmont Terrier * Irish Terrier * Kerry Blue Terrier * Lakeland Terrier * Manchester Terrier * Norfolk Terrier * Norwich Terrier * Sealyham Terrier * Skye Terrier * Smooth Fox Terrier * Soft-Coated Wheaten Terrier * Staffordshire Bull Terrier * Welsh Terrier * West Highland White Terrier Zoonosis Control Division – 9/03 Animal Identification - 5 Animal Identification (Advanced) # Toy Group The breeds in the toy group are the smallest of all breeds. These dogs were bred solely for companionship and are good for home or apartment life. Most breeds in the toy group are very hardy and live longer than larger breeds. Some of the more popular breeds in the toy group are: ! Chihuahua ! Pekingese ! Pug ! Toy Poodle ! Shih Tzu Other breeds in the toy group are: * Affenpinscher * Brussels Griffon * Chinese Crested * English Toy Spaniel * Italian Greyhound * Japanese Chin * Maltese * Manchester Terrier * Miniature Pinscher * Papillon * Pomeranian * Silky Terrier * Yorkshire Terrier Animal Identification - 6 Zoonosis Control Divison – 9/03 Animal Identification (Advanced) # Non-Sporting Group The non-sporting group is a "catch-all" group. Breeds which do not fit in the other groups are placed here. Dogs in the non-sporting group are generally considered to be companion animals. Some of the more popular breeds in the non-sporting group are: ! Bulldog ! Chow Chow ! Dalmatian ! Lhasa Apso ! Poodle Other breeds in the non-sporting group are: * Bichon Frise * Boston Terrier * Finnish Spitz * French Bulldog * Keeshond * Schipperke * Tibetan Spaniel * Tibetan Terrier Zoonosis Control Division – 9/03 Animal Identification - 7 Animal Identification (Advanced) # Herding Group The breeds in this group were bred to help man control and move cattle, sheep, and other herd animals. Most of these dogs are easily trained and make good pets. The more popular breeds in the herding group are: ! Australian Cattle Dog ! Collie ! German Shepherd ! Old English Sheepdog ! Shetland Sheepdog Other breeds in the herding group are: * Bearded Collie * Belgian Malinois * Belgian Sheepdog * Bouvier des Flanders * Briard * Cardigan Welsh Corgi * Pembroke Welsh Corgi * Puli Animal Identification - 8 Zoonosis Control Divison – 9/03 Animal Identification (Advanced) Feline Identification Many breeds of cats that are listed as separate breeds are the same except for coat length or color. This list shows the names for shorthair and longhair versions of several breeds: Shorthair Longhair * Abyssinian * Somali * Burmese * Tiffany * Colorpoint Shorthair * Javanese * Exotic Shorthair * Persian * Manx * Cymric * Siamese * Balinese Other breeds that have both a shorthair and a longhair version but do not have separate names include: Shorthair Longhair * Japanese Bobtail * Long-haired Japanese Bobtail * Oriental Shorthair * Oriental Longhair * Scottish Fold * Long-haired Scottish Fold Breeds that only have one coat length include: Shorthair Longhair * American Curl * Birman * American Shorthair * Maine Coon Cat * American Wirehair * Tonkinese * Bombay * Turkish Angora * Cornish Rex * Turkish Van * Devon Rex * Havana Brown * Korat Zoonosis Control Division – 9/03 Animal Identification - 9 Animal Identification (Advanced) It is important that you know that cats come in many breeds, colors, and temperaments. However, unless you live in a large city, you may never see many of these breeds. The following are descriptions of some of the breeds of cats: Abyssinian An Abyssinian can occur in two colors: brown and copper red. The coat has distinctive ticking with several grades of dark and light on each hair. It is medium in size with a hard, muscular body. American The distinctive feature of the American Curl is curled ears. The ears Curl are erect and open, curving in a smooth arc backward and away from the face; they point toward the center of the base of the skull. The American Curl is a medium-sized cat. American Curl cats can be long-haired or short-haired. These cats have a wide variety of coat colors, including some that are solid back and others that have color characteristics like that of the Siamese. American The American Shorthair has a strong, balanced build designed for Shorthair endurance and agility. The massive head and shorter nose are some of the things that distinguish this breed from the Domestic Shorthair (DSH). American Shorthair cats have a variety of coat colors and patterns. These include solid white, solid black, calico, and the tabby pattern in a wide range of colors. American The coat of the American Wirehair is dense and resilient (springs Wirehair back into place); it is also coarse and hard to the touch. Animal Identification - 10 Zoonosis Control Divison – 9/03 Animal Identification (Advanced) Balinese The Balinese is a medium-sized, graceful, long cat with a distinctive combination of fine bones and firm muscles. The coat is medium in length, silky, and lays flat against the body. Balinese are the long- haired counterparts of Siamese. They come in a variety of point colors traditionally associated with Siamese cats. Birman The Birman is a color-pointed (seal, chocolate, blue, lilac, lynx, or flame) cat with long, silky hair and four pure-white feet. It has a sturdy build, which is elongated and stocky. The distinctive head has strong jaws, a firm chin, and a medium-length Roman nose. The blue,
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