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Farming in Ukraine Issue 2 Land Market Investing Mriya Tractors Smart Farming Riverways Railways Exports and Trade Adding Value Cooperatives Dairy Poultry Food Processing Snails 1 Ukraine’s Path to World Food Power by Aisha Down Walk winding roads between villages in the Carpathians of western Ukraine, and you travel back through centuries: cherry orchards, tinned bulbs of country churches, and roadside vendors selling honey, traditional cheeses and forest mushrooms. Head to fields outside of Kharkiv or Poltava and you leap forward years. Drones hum over fields of swelling wheat, monitoring ripeness. GPS- equipped tractors (combines) on autopilot harvest grain. The constant is the land and the land’s richness. Ukraine’s agriculture is not a new story. Its 40 million hectares of farm land were a breadbasket for the Soviet Union. Before then, its black earth fed the Tsars. and the fears of their constituents, Its 40 million whose hectares and livelihoods lie in But the geopolitics are new. Twenty- the balance. hectares of farm five years after independence, Ukraine’s agricultural future, for once, World forces reach into rural Ukraine land were a belongs entirely to Ukraine. After As politicians, bankers and farmers a 16-year moratorium, the country weigh the future, the invisible breadbasket for stands poised to open a market for currents of today’s world exercise its agricultural land, a market extinct their forces on the land. the Soviet Union. for nearly a century except for a brief period of privatization in the 1990s. To the south and east, far beyond Before then, its Ukraine’s horizons, other continents Analysts predict Ukrainian hectares are growing larger and hungrier. black earth fed will be bought and sold after the next Africa and Asia are buying more and election. more wheat and meat, milk and eggs. the Tsars Bankers are scrambling to develop To the north and west, Europe financial instruments to make such and America develop as promising transactions possible. Entrepreneurs destinations for organic and small- from China to Saudi Arabia to Canada scale goods -- raspberries and snails, are weighing the market, considering Carpathian floral honey. the possibilities of the nation’s black soil, the most fertile on earth. And Everywhere, climate change alters Ukrainian politicians are caught winters and summers, often between the hunger of the market unpredictably, bringing new blights on old crops, raising summer 2 The question temperatures, and drying out fields in interviewed snail collectors and Ukraine’s south. raspberry collectives, bankers and is not whether drone-makers. We’re here to tell you The question is not whether Ukraine’s the story of how Ukraine can become Ukraine’s agriculture will be crucial to the world a world food power -- and how you, of the next 50 years. Experts predict with time and judgment, could be a agriculture will Ukraine could feed 800 million. Its part of it. grain production is to reach 100 be crucial to the million tons annually in the 2020s. Catch a ride on farm boom with The question is how the forces at logistics world of the next work today on Ukraine’s land will play There are serious obstacles to out. producing food in Ukraine today. 50 years. Experts The land moratorium is one. Another Will the patchwork balance of is logistics. Ukraine, in the past two predict Ukraine futuristic megafarms and Carpathian years, has exported just over 40 smallholdings remain? Is there room million tons of grain. For now, this could feed 800 in one country for artisanal honey seems the limit of what the country’s producers and grain growers with silos, roads and rail cars can handle. million over 100,000 hectares? To enable the country to 100 million Or: who will Ukraine feed, with what, tons of grain annually will take serious and how? investment—in highways, railways, and the Dnipro river waterway, In your hands is the second issue Ukraine’s Mississippi. Investment is of The Ukraine Business Journal’s coming – from China, the EBRD, and Opportunity Reports, a monthly private entrepreneurs. supplement focused on the promises and challenges of this crossroad of In fact, says a senior banker in Kyiv, continents. investing in logistics—transportation companies and infrastructure—is We can’t answer these questions for a sure ways to invest in Ukraine’s you. But we can give you the tools to agriculture. make your best guess. Our journalists Opportunity Reports 3 After logistics, comes the thorny issue Late into an interview with a major The largest of financing agricultural investment tractor dealer, the head of sales told in Ukraine. Over a decade has passed the UBJ about landmines wrecking multinational with no land market. This means that, a newly-sold machine worth tens of for over a decade, Ukrainian farmers thousands of dollars, somewhere in players in who wanted to invest in equipment east Ukraine. Anyone can get burned, or seeds had to use crop receipts as and badly. But Ukraine’s agricultural Ukraine’s collateral, rather than their hectares. potential also offers a truth, perhaps one more compelling. agriculture never For this reason, many foreign investors—except very large The same senior banker who stopped investing players—skipped working in Ukraine recommends investing in logistics also altogether. Now, with the land market remarks that the largest multinational in the country, opening and interest in Ukraine’s players in Ukraine’s agriculture never black earth growing, it is becoming stopped investing in the country, even even during the clear that there must be more during the 2014 crisis. To them, the accessible instruments to finance richness of the land is a more durable 2014 crisis Ukraine’s farmers. story than the wars and crises on top of it. Ukraine’s government is discussing partnerships with the world’s major They might be right. After all, the mortgage banks, offering state land saying goes of Ukraine’s black earth, as equity. Meanwhile, banks already “Plant a stick in it, and a tree will in Ukraine are refining offerings and grow.” For those who can afford to lowering thresholds for farmers to wait and weather the years, there take out loans. are few better bets than Ukrainian agriculture. Rich farm land outshines war and crisis Finally, there is war and corruption—a perennial truth of doing business here. YOUR TRUSTED SERVICE PROVIDER IN UKRAINE ! Market Entry Advice & Support Business Set-Up for Your Company in Ukraine Accounting Outsourcing HR, Payroll Tax Services Interium Management Making yourbusiness work - is what we do ! Sven Henniger, Partner HWC LC [email protected] 04205 Kuiv, Ukraine www.hwc.com.ua O-R Business Center, Obolonskyi Ave 26 Contents The Team 5 Editor in Chief Page 1 Ukraine’s Path to World Food Power Aisha Down Aisha Down Page 6 Muddy prophecy: a market for Ukraine’s farm land Editorial Director Aisha Down James Brooke Page 10 How to Invest in a Rising Food Power James Brooke Journalists Jack Laurenson Page 14 Investments into Black Earth: Trends and Opportunities Natalya Datskevych AEQUO Antonina Tsymbaliuk Page 17 Mriya Awakes from Investor Nightmare Jack Laurenson Art Direction Page 20 Foreign Tractors Dig Ukraine Martin Nunn Aisha Down Design and layout Page 24 Space-Age Drones Meet Post-Soviet Farmers: Agritech in Ukraine Whites Communication LLC Aisha Down Page 28 Rebuilding Ukraine’s Mississippi Photo-research Aisha Down and Natalya Datskevych Elvira Garaninav Page 32 Investors Needed: Shift Ag from Volume to Value Administration James Brooke Elena Nunn Page 35 State Railroad Invests to Get Grain to Ports James Brooke Production Page 38 China Invests Billions to Modernize Ukraine’s Ports and Highways Alexander Bugay James Brooke Advertising sales Page 43 Ukraine Becomes Poultry Power UBJ Publications LLC Jack Laurenson and Natalya Datskevych Page 46 Farming in Ukraine: More Co-ops Ahead? Jack Laurenson Page 49 Ukrainian Dairy: Big Dreams, Dwindling Cows Aisha Down Page 52 Adventures in Aquaculture: Ukraine’s Black Sea Dream Jack Laurenson and Antonina Tsymbaliuk This report is published in cooperation with Page 55 Food Processing Adds Value in Ukraine Ukraine’s investment promotion office, Jack Laurenson and Natalya Datskevych UkraineInvest. Page 58 Slithering to a Big Market: Ukraine’s Snail Trade Copyright © 2018 Frontier Markets Media Aisha Down Limited. All rights reserved. To republish any material please refer to / link to the Ukraine Business Journal (www.theubj.com). For editorial comment or contribution please contact James Brooke: [email protected] For advertising in future Opportunity Reports or any UBJ product please contact: [email protected] Disclaimer Nothing contained within this publication should be regarded as any form of recommendation to invest or divest. This publication may contain personal views, which are not the views of Ukraine Business Journal, UkraineInvest or its subsidiaries or associates unless specifically stated. The publisher does not carry any responsibility for views expressed in the publication. Ukranian Business Journal 6 Muddy prophecy: a market for Ukraine’s farm land by Aisha Down It’s not a stretch to say that Ukraine’s These fears aren’t unfounded, says that land ownership should still be 40 million hectares of farmland is one Leonid Kozachenko, former vice restricted to Ukrainians for at least of the world’s biggest opportunities minister of Agriculture and now a 10 years after. “The question is the in agriculture. Spreading from the member of Ukraine’s parliament. period of time,” he says. “Some of the grassy steppe of the nation’s east to He’s worried about rich foreigners. associations are proposing more than the Carpathian forests in the west, “Agriculture today, at the global level, 10 years.” Europe’s ancient breadbasket could is a very serious issue,” he says.
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