Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club
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Papua New Guinea Huon Peninsula Extension 26Th June to 1St July 2018 (6 Days) Trip Report
Papua New Guinea Huon Peninsula Extension 26th June to 1st July 2018 (6 days) Trip Report Pesquet’s Parrots by Sue Wright Tour Leader: Adam Walleyn Rockjumper Birding Tours View more tours to Papua New Guinea Trip Report – RBL Papua New Guinea - Huon Peninsula Extension I 2018 2 Tour Summary This was our inaugural Huon Peninsula Extension. Most of the group started out with a quick flight from Moresby into Nadzab Airport. Upon arrival, we drove to our comfortable hotel on the outskirts of Lae City. After getting settled in, we set off on a short but very productive bird walk around the hotel’s expansive grounds. The best thing about the walk was how confiding the birds were –they are clearly not hunted much around here! Red-cheeked Parrot, Coconut Lorikeet, Orange-bellied Fruit Dove, Torresian Imperial Pigeon, White-bellied Cuckooshrike, Yellow-faced Myna, and Singing Starling all vied for our attention right in the parking lot. As we took a short wander, we added Hooded Butcherbird, New Guinea Friarbird and look-alike Brown Oriole, and Black and Olive-backed Sunbirds to our growing tally. A Buff-faced Pygmy Parrot zipped overhead providing just a quick view, but the highlight of the walk was clearly the Palm Cockatoo that sat out feeding contentedly on fruits – admittedly a bit of a surprise to find this species so close to a major urban centre! We were relieved when Sue had arrived and Pinon’s Imperial Pigeon by Markus Lilje joined us for dinner to complete the group! The real adventure began early the next morning, with a drive back to the airport where we were to board our flight into the Huon. -
Santos, Aleixo, D'horta, Portes.Indd
ISSN (impresso) 0103-5657 ISSN (on-line) 2178-7875 Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia Volume 19 Número 2 www.ararajuba.org.br/sbo/ararajuba/revbrasorn Junho 2011 Publicada pela Sociedade Brasileira de Ornitologia São Paulo - SP Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia, 19(2), 134-153 ARTIGO Junho de 2011 Avifauna of the Juruti Region, Pará, Brazil Marcos Pérsio Dantas Santos1, Alexandre Aleixo2, Fernando Mendonça d’Horta3 and Carlos Eduardo Bustamante Portes4 1. Universidade Federal do Pará. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Laboratório de Ecologia e Zoologia de Vertebrados. Rua Augusto Corrêa, 1, Guamá, CEP 66075‑110, Belém, PA, Brasil. E‑mail: [email protected] 2. Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Coordenação de Zoologia. Caixa Postal 399, CEP 66040‑170, Belém, PA, Brasil. E‑mail: aleixo@museu‑goeldi.br 3. Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Biociências. Departamento de Biologia. Rua do Matão, 277, Cidade Universitária, CEP 05508‑090, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. E‑mail: [email protected] 4. Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Pós‑Graduação em Zoologia. Caixa Postal 399, CEP 66040‑170, Belém, PA, Brasil. E‑mail: [email protected] Recebido em 02/03/2011. Aceito em 18/05/2011. RESUMO: Avifauna da região do Juruti, Pará, Brasil. A região que compreende o interflúvio Madeira‑Tapajós é certamente uma das regiões brasileiras de maior complexidade ambiental e um dos mais importantes centros de endemismos de aves da América do Sul, denominado centro de endemismo Madeira ou Rondônia. Entretanto, essa região vem sofrendo um crescente aumento nas pressões antrópicas, principalmente pelo desmatamento, o que implica uma forte preocupação sobre a conservação de toda a biota dessa região. -
The Evolutionary Ecology of Elevational Specialization in Tropical
THE EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY OF ELEVATIONAL SPECIALIZATION IN TROPICAL MONTANE BIRDS A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Benjamin Gardner Freeman February 2016 © 2016 Benjamin Gardner Freeman THE EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY OF ELEVATIONAL SPECIALIZATION IN TROPICAL MONTANE BIRDS Benjamin Gardner Freeman, Ph. D. Cornell University 2016 Tropical mountains are the most biodiverse terrestrial systems on Earth. This “megadiversity” is largely because tropical montane species inhabit narrow elevational distributions—understanding why tropical mountains are so biodiverse thus requires understanding the factors that explain elevational specialization. In my dissertation, I explored the role of two factors previously hypothesized to explain why tropical birds inhabit narrow elevational zones—temperature and interspecific competition. In Chapter 1, I describe resurveys of New Guinean montane bird communities originally surveyed by Jared Diamond in the 1960s, and demonstrate rapid warming-associated upslope shifts in these avifaunas. In Chapter 2, I test the hypothesis that these recent upslope shifts are the result of thermal specialization in New Guinean montane birds. However, I find no evidence that species’ exhibit local adaptation to ambient temperature in their thermal physiology (lower critical temperatures and thermal conductances), suggesting New Guinean montane birds’ elevational limits are minimally influenced by thermal specialization. I then use a comparative approach in Chapter 3 to test whether species exhibit local adaptation to cold high elevation environments in body size, and find little evidence that body size clines are positively linked to elevation in both intraspecific and interspecific analyses. These analyses suggest that temperature may primarily exert an indirect influence on tropical birds’ elevational distributions (e.g., by altering biotic interactions with prey, predators or competitors). -
The Megapode Action Plan 1995 - 1999 Halfway Down the Road
ZV-327-13 (pp 151-158) 02-01-2007 15:24 Pagina 151 The megapode action plan 1995 - 1999 halfway down the road R.W.R.J. Dekker Dekker, R.W.R.J. The megapode action plan 1995 - 1999 halfway down the road. René W.R.J. Dekker, National Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands. E-mail: [email protected] Key words: Megapodiidae; megapodes; action plan; conservation; current projects; IUCN threat cate- gories. Megapodes: an action plan for their conservation 1995 - 1999, a collaborative effort of members of the Megapode Specialist Group and the World Pheasant Association, was published in 1995. It summa- rizes the conservation status of all megapode taxa and indicates the needs of those species under threat. The Action Plan was intended to be a stimulus for conservation orientated studies and to gen- erate funds more easily. An overview is given of studies (1990 - present) in which these threatened taxa were involved. The status of these and other taxa are reassessed according to the finalized IUCN threat categories (which supercede the Mace-Lande threat categories originally used in the Action Plan) as a preparation for the megapode action plan 2000 - 2004. Introduction Megapodes: an action plan for their conservation 1995 - 1999 (Dekker & McGowan, 1995) was published by the Species Survival Commission (SSC) of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in 1995 following a Conservation Assessment Management Plan (CAMP) meeting on galliforms held in Antwerp, Bel- gium, in February 1993. The megapode action plan, soon followed by action plans for partridges, quails, francolins, snowcocks and guineafowl (McGowan et al., 1995) and pheasants (McGowan & Garson, 1995), was the first avian action plan published by the IUCN in their series of conservation action plans. -
Disaggregation of Bird Families Listed on Cms Appendix Ii
Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals 2nd Meeting of the Sessional Committee of the CMS Scientific Council (ScC-SC2) Bonn, Germany, 10 – 14 July 2017 UNEP/CMS/ScC-SC2/Inf.3 DISAGGREGATION OF BIRD FAMILIES LISTED ON CMS APPENDIX II (Prepared by the Appointed Councillors for Birds) Summary: The first meeting of the Sessional Committee of the Scientific Council identified the adoption of a new standard reference for avian taxonomy as an opportunity to disaggregate the higher-level taxa listed on Appendix II and to identify those that are considered to be migratory species and that have an unfavourable conservation status. The current paper presents an initial analysis of the higher-level disaggregation using the Handbook of the Birds of the World/BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World Volumes 1 and 2 taxonomy, and identifies the challenges in completing the analysis to identify all of the migratory species and the corresponding Range States. The document has been prepared by the COP Appointed Scientific Councilors for Birds. This is a supplementary paper to COP document UNEP/CMS/COP12/Doc.25.3 on Taxonomy and Nomenclature UNEP/CMS/ScC-Sc2/Inf.3 DISAGGREGATION OF BIRD FAMILIES LISTED ON CMS APPENDIX II 1. Through Resolution 11.19, the Conference of Parties adopted as the standard reference for bird taxonomy and nomenclature for Non-Passerine species the Handbook of the Birds of the World/BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World, Volume 1: Non-Passerines, by Josep del Hoyo and Nigel J. Collar (2014); 2. -
The Avifauna of Mt. Karimui, Chimbu Province, Papua New Guinea, Including Evidence for Long-Term Population Dynamics in Undisturbed Tropical Forest
Ben Freeman & Alexandra M. Class Freeman 30 Bull. B.O.C. 2014 134(1) The avifauna of Mt. Karimui, Chimbu Province, Papua New Guinea, including evidence for long-term population dynamics in undisturbed tropical forest Ben Freeman & Alexandra M. Class Freeman Received 27 July 2013 Summary.—We conducted ornithological feld work on Mt. Karimui and in the surrounding lowlands in 2011–12, a site frst surveyed for birds by J. Diamond in 1965. We report range extensions, elevational records and notes on poorly known species observed during our work. We also present a list with elevational distributions for the 271 species recorded in the Karimui region. Finally, we detail possible changes in species abundance and distribution that have occurred between Diamond’s feld work and our own. Most prominently, we suggest that Bicolored Mouse-warbler Crateroscelis nigrorufa might recently have colonised Mt. Karimui’s north-western ridge, a rare example of distributional change in an avian population inhabiting intact tropical forests. The island of New Guinea harbours a diverse, largely endemic avifauna (Beehler et al. 1986). However, ornithological studies are hampered by difculties of access, safety and cost. Consequently, many of its endemic birds remain poorly known, and feld workers continue to describe new taxa (Prat 2000, Beehler et al. 2007), report large range extensions (Freeman et al. 2013) and elucidate natural history (Dumbacher et al. 1992). Of necessity, avifaunal studies are usually based on short-term feld work. As a result, population dynamics are poorly known and limited to comparisons of diferent surveys or diferences noticeable over short timescales (Diamond 1971, Mack & Wright 1996). -
Papua New Guinea Huon Peninsula Extension I 25Th to 30Th June 2019 (6 Days) Trip Report
Papua New Guinea Huon Peninsula Extension I 25th to 30th June 2019 (6 days) Trip Report Huon Astrapia by Holger Teichmann Trip report compiled by Tour Leader: Adam Walleyn Rockjumper Birding Tours www.rockjumperbirding.com Trip Report – RBL Papua New Guinea Huon Extension I 2019 2 Tour in Detail Our group met up in Port Moresby for the late morning flight to Lae’s Nadzab airport. Upon arrival, we transferred to our comfortable hotel on the outskirts of Lae city. A walk around the expansive grounds turned up some 23 species to get our lists well underway, including Orange-bellied and Pink-spotted Fruit Dove (the latter of the distinct and range-restricted plumbeicollis race), Torresian Imperial Pigeon, Eclectus Parrot, and Yellow-faced Myna, not to mention perhaps 1,000 Spectacled Flying Foxes creating quite the sight and sound! Early the next morning we were back at Nadzab airport, where a quick scan of the airfield produced some Horsfield’s Bush Larks and also excellent looks at a male Papuan Harrier that did a close flyby being bombarded by numerous Masked Lapwings! We were soon boarding our charter flight Pink-spotted Fruit Doves by Holger Teichmann over the rugged Huon mountains, although we quickly entered dense clouds and could see nothing of these impressive mountains. After some half an hour of flying through thick cloud on the plane’s GPS track, we suddenly descended and made an uphill landing at Kabwum airstrip! Our land cruiser was there, waiting for us, and after loading bags and ourselves onboard we made the bumpy drive up many switchbacks to reach the high ridge above Kabwum. -
Toxic Birds Not of a Feather
Commentary Avian chemical defense: Toxic birds not of a feather Paul J. Weldon Conservation and Research Center, Smithsonian Institution, 1500 Remount Road, Front Royal, VA 22630 n 1992, Dumbacher et al. (1) substan- Itially altered prevailing views of avian physiology, biochemistry, and chemical ecology with their report of the potent neurotoxin homobatrachotoxinin in feathers and other tissues of several spe- cies of New Guinean passerine birds of the genus Pitohui. Their discovery was signif- icant not only for suggesting a protective mechanism rarely considered for birds (i.e., chemical defense) but for the nature of the compound they discovered, a struc- turally complex alkaloid that binds Naϩ channels and depolarizes electrogenic membranes. Alkaloids in tetrapods gen- erally had been thought to be confined to amphibians, whose skins have long been acknowledged as arsenals of these biolog- Fig. 1. Hornets (Vespa orientalis) attacking a freshly skinned carcass of a laughing dove (Steptopelia ically active compounds (2). Indeed, be- senegalensis)(Left) while ignoring that of a pied kingfisher (Ceryle rudis). This observation prompted H. B. fore its discovery in Pitohui, homobatra- Cott (4) to undertake an extensive investigation of avian chemical defense. [Reproduced with permission chotoxinin, a member of a family of from ref. 4 (Copyright 1947, The Zoological Society of London).] steroidal alkaloids called batrachotoxinins (BTXs), had been found only in skin se- cretions of Central and South American dichrous), the most toxic of the birds they An additional enigma described by poison-dart frogs (Dendrobatidae) of the examined, is aposematic and may be Dumbacher et al. (3) is the profound genus Phyllobates. -
Resolving Phylogenetic Relationships Within Passeriformes Based on Mitochondrial Genes and Inferring the Evolution of Their Mitogenomes in Terms of Duplications
GBE Resolving Phylogenetic Relationships within Passeriformes Based on Mitochondrial Genes and Inferring the Evolution of Their Mitogenomes in Terms of Duplications Paweł Mackiewicz1,*, Adam Dawid Urantowka 2, Aleksandra Kroczak1,2, and Dorota Mackiewicz1 1Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Poland 2Department of Genetics, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland *Corresponding author: E-mail: pamac@smorfland.uni.wroc.pl. Accepted: September 30, 2019 Abstract Mitochondrial genes are placed on one molecule, which implies that they should carry consistent phylogenetic information. Following this advantage, we present a well-supported phylogeny based on mitochondrial genomes from almost 300 representa- tives of Passeriformes, the most numerous and differentiated Aves order. The analyses resolved the phylogenetic position of para- phyletic Basal and Transitional Oscines. Passerida occurred divided into two groups, one containing Paroidea and Sylvioidea, whereas the other, Passeroidea and Muscicapoidea. Analyses of mitogenomes showed four types of rearrangements including a duplicated control region (CR) with adjacent genes. Mapping the presence and absence of duplications onto the phylogenetic tree revealed that the duplication was the ancestral state for passerines and was maintained in early diverged lineages. Next, the duplication could be lost and occurred independently at least four times according to the most parsimonious scenario. In some lineages, two CR copies have been inherited from an ancient duplication and highly diverged, whereas in others, the second copy became similar to the first one due to concerted evolution. The second CR copies accumulated over twice as many substitutions as the first ones. However, the second CRs were not completely eliminated and were retained for a long time, which suggests that both regions can fulfill an important role in mitogenomes. -
The Relationships of the Starlings (Sturnidae: Sturnini) and the Mockingbirds (Sturnidae: Mimini)
THE RELATIONSHIPS OF THE STARLINGS (STURNIDAE: STURNINI) AND THE MOCKINGBIRDS (STURNIDAE: MIMINI) CHARLESG. SIBLEYAND JON E. AHLQUIST Departmentof Biologyand PeabodyMuseum of Natural History,Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511 USA ABSTRACT.--OldWorld starlingshave been thought to be related to crowsand their allies, to weaverbirds, or to New World troupials. New World mockingbirdsand thrashershave usually been placed near the thrushesand/or wrens. DNA-DNA hybridization data indi- cated that starlingsand mockingbirdsare more closelyrelated to each other than either is to any other living taxon. Some avian systematistsdoubted this conclusion.Therefore, a more extensiveDNA hybridizationstudy was conducted,and a successfulsearch was made for other evidence of the relationshipbetween starlingsand mockingbirds.The resultssup- port our original conclusionthat the two groupsdiverged from a commonancestor in the late Oligoceneor early Miocene, about 23-28 million yearsago, and that their relationship may be expressedin our passerineclassification, based on DNA comparisons,by placing them as sistertribes in the Family Sturnidae,Superfamily Turdoidea, Parvorder Muscicapae, Suborder Passeres.Their next nearest relatives are the members of the Turdidae, including the typical thrushes,erithacine chats,and muscicapineflycatchers. Received 15 March 1983, acceptedI November1983. STARLINGS are confined to the Old World, dine thrushesinclude Turdus,Catharus, Hylocich- mockingbirdsand thrashersto the New World. la, Zootheraand Myadestes.d) Cinclusis -
ListOfBirdsOnWarimakAndWaifoi
LIST OF BIRDS ON WARIMAK AND WAIFOI TREKKING ROUTE N Species Latin Name Status o 1 HERONS, EGRETS, AND BITTERNS 1 Great-billed Heron Ardea Sumatrana Difficult 2 Pacific Heron Ardea pacifica Rare 3 Rufous Night-Heron Egretta caledonicus Rare 4 Striated Heron Ardeola striata Rare 5 Cattle Egret Egretta ibis Difficult 6 Little Egret Egretta garzatta Common 7 Intermediate Egret Egretta intermedia Rare 8 Great Egret Egretta alba Rare 2 CORMORANTS 1 Little Pied Cormorant Phalacrocorax melanoleucos Common 3 IBISES 1 Sacred Ibis Threskiornis aethiopicus Common 2 Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus Common 4 DUCKS 1 White-headed Shelduck Tadorna radjah Common 5 PLOVERS, HALAROPES, CURLEWS & SANDPIPERS 1 Lesser Golden Plover Pluvialis dominica Common 2 Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus Rare 3 Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus Rare 4 Ret-necket stint Calidris ruficollis Rare 5 Grey-tailed Tattler Tringa brevipes Rare 6 Common Sandpiper Tringa hypoleuc Rare 6 TERNS 1 Bridled Tern Sterna anaethetus Common 2 Whiskered Tern Chlidonias hybridus Common 3 Black-naped Tern Sterna sumatrana Common 4 Common Tern sterna hirundo Common 5 Crested Tern Sterna begii Common 7 FRIGATEBIRD 1 Lesser Frigatebird Fregata ariel Rare 8 GOSHAWKS, EAGLES 1 Collared Sparrowhawk Accipiter cirrhocephalus Rare 2 Chinese Goshawk Accipiter soloensis Rare 3 Grey-headed Goshawk Accipiter poliocephalus Common 4 Grey Goshawk Accipiter -
An Update of Wallacels Zoogeographic Regions of the World
REPORTS To examine the temporal profile of ChC produc- specification of a distinct, and probably the last, 3. G. A. Ascoli et al., Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 9, 557 (2008). tion and their correlation to laminar deployment, cohort in this lineage—the ChCs. 4. J. Szentágothai, M. A. Arbib, Neurosci. Res. Program Bull. 12, 305 (1974). we injected a single pulse of BrdU into pregnant A recent study demonstrated that progeni- CreER 5. P. Somogyi, Brain Res. 136, 345 (1977). Nkx2.1 ;Ai9 females at successive days be- tors below the ventral wall of the lateral ventricle 6. L. Sussel, O. Marin, S. Kimura, J. L. Rubenstein, tween E15 and P1 to label mitotic progenitors, (i.e., VGZ) of human infants give rise to a medial Development 126, 3359 (1999). each paired with a pulse of tamoxifen at E17 to migratory stream destined to the ventral mPFC 7. S. J. Butt et al., Neuron 59, 722 (2008). + 18 8. H. Taniguchi et al., Neuron 71, 995 (2011). label NKX2.1 cells (Fig. 3A). We first quanti- ( ). Despite species differences in the develop- 9. L. Madisen et al., Nat. Neurosci. 13, 133 (2010). fied the fraction of L2 ChCs (identified by mor- mental timing of corticogenesis, this study and 10. J. Szabadics et al., Science 311, 233 (2006). + phology) in mPFC that were also BrdU+. Although our findings raise the possibility that the NKX2.1 11. A. Woodruff, Q. Xu, S. A. Anderson, R. Yuste, Front. there was ChC production by E15, consistent progenitors in VGZ and their extended neurogenesis Neural Circuits 3, 15 (2009).