R E A K I N N D B G P R O U O J G R E C A T
A ROUTE TO NET ZERO
C R N E A W T T O I N G R O T Z E H E T U K ’ S F I R S T N E
JOIN THE JOURNEY TODAY Welcome to Net Zero Leiston, map, which can provide the blueprint for towns up an ambitious and exciting project and down the country to follow our path. I WANT to create the country’s first We want you to get involved and help make a TO GET Net Zero town. world of difference in the fight against climate INVOLVED change. We want to hear your views on the most In this ebook, you will discover what Net Zero is, important issues to address. That way we’ll have why we need to act now and how people in the true Community Power and together shape the community of Leiston are coming together with journey to Net Zero. industry experts from Suffolk, the UK and Europe So thank you for reading this ebook – we are to play a leading role in helping Britain reach looking forward to hearing your views on the its climate change targets. You will find out why next steps we should take. Net Zero Leiston is unique in working with the community to create a robust, engineered route
FOREWORD
Leiston-cum-Sizewell Town Council with our young people to help them has long recognised the importance of join in and secure a better future climate change on our everyday lives for themselves. and our futures. We are very pleased, We invite Leiston residents to become through this initiative, to get involved the drivers of this project and help the and do our bit to alleviate and slow Town Council get the message out global warming in the best way we can, there and bring everyone on board which is to promote, encourage and to achieve the aim. It is a nine-year pursue net zero carbon emissions in the journey after all! parish by around 2030. THE JOURNEY TO NET ZERO STARTS HERE Please read the document and, if The Council is really excited to be you would like to see the scientific working, as part of Leiston Together,
M background work that has gone into R R with such a talented, committed and S E WHAT IS NET ZERO? 03 ROUTE MAP DRAFT 14 D CA IN these figures please view the technical ROLINE R professional collection of partners appendices. The main contact point for who have the expertise and global INTRODUCING NET ZERO LEISTON 05 PILOT SCHEMES 18 the Council, and Leiston Together, will knowledge to make this all possible. be the Town Clerk (Mrs Caroline Rinder), STUDY BOUNDARY 07 FINANCING NET ZERO 20 We can all do our bit of course, but who will be supported by the outgoing to truly reduce our carbon emissions Town Clerk (Mr John Rayner). ROUTE MAP PROCESS 09 HOW TO GET INVOLVED 22 in the parish, we need some major interventions and a really effective and M CURRENT EMISSIONS 11 R R J E ground-breaking education package OHN RAYN WHAT IS 1 NET ZERO?
Sizewell Beach NET ZERO IS THE BALANCE SUFFOLK TO BE BETWEEN THE AMOUNT OF NET ZERO BY 2030 GREENHOUSE GAS PRODUCED In March 2019, Suffolk County Council declared a climate emergency and pledged to reach Net Zero by 2030. AND THE AMOUNT REMOVED FROM THE ATMOSPHERE. How much is Leiston’s carbon budget?
Each country has an apportioned carbon budget. The current carbon emissions in the Leiston Net Zero is achieved If a country’s carbon emissions exceed its boundary are 15,700 tonnes of CO2 per year. GREENHOUSE GAS PRODUCED when the amount we apportioned budget, it is not helping to achieve the The existing land and green spaces remove target to limit temperature rises to 1.5°C. With the 3,700 tonnes of CO per year. This provides a produce is no more 2 help of experts, Net Zero Leiston has distilled the net annual CO2 consumption of 12,000 tonnes. UK carbon budget into a Leiston-specific target. GREENHOUSE GAS REMOVED than the amount removed. To ensure we don’t go above 1.5°C of global warming, Leiston’s apportioned carbon budget
is 95,000 tonnes of CO2, up until 2100.
At this annual rate the carbon budget for Leiston WHY IS IT IMPORTANT? would be exhausted in less than eight years. The challenge Net Zero is vital The 2018 Intergovernmental The impact of an increase for Leiston and towns like it to limit global Panel on Climate Change in global temperature of across the UK is therefore warming. (IPCC) report shows that to 2.0°C versus an increase avoid the most significant of 1.5°C include increased serious and urgent. impact of climate change, sea level rise (10 cm) and Net Zero global temperatures need to the increased probability of measures, such as remain within the limit of 1.5°C extreme weathers, including energy efficient above pre-industrial levels. droughts and heavy rainfall, insulation, can a reduction in sea oxygen Increased also lower our levels, an increase in sea There are many positive Increased sea level probability of A reduction in sea An increase in Increased species energy bills while acidity and increased benefits of achieving Net rise (10 cm) extreme weather oxygen levels sea acidity and habitat losses increasing the species and habitat losses. warmth of our Zero for your mental and homes. physical wellbeing and the environment around you, from cleaner air and thriving green spaces to enjoy, to exercising as you travel to work. INTRODUCING NET ZERO 2 LEISTON
Leiston to Sizewell How we started Principles This initial group was founded with seven principles: In January 2020, the Leiston Together Group, East Suffolk Council, Suffolk County Council and Sizewell C started exploring Addressing Understanding Ensuring local households how different Taking a thorough, what it would take to transform a town stakeholders are in vulnerable technologies work robust engineering at the heart of the circumstances and together to create a to reach Net Zero carbon emissions. approach. project. providing social replicable energy mobility. showcase. As a town with a rich industrial heritage and where energy is a major economic sector, Leiston is in an ideal location to be at the heart of a net-zero revolution.
Helping the region achieve Combining Net Zero Maximising its climate goals and ideas with replicable wider benefits and Objectives continuing the UK’s funding solutions. opportunities for all focus as a leader in stakeholders. We started with three clear and ambitious objectives: the journey to Net Zero. Draft a route map that shows the current level of emissions and what it would take to reach Net Zero.
Create a socially acceptable pathway to Net Zero that the community can own. What is a carbon
Ensure this is openly-available and replicable for other villages, towns and cities budget and how do we – in other words, that Net Zero Leiston could lead the way for communities up calculate it for Leiston? and down the country to join us on the journey to Net Zero. Leiston Houses Project To keep temperature rises within the 1.5 Steering degree limit, the approach for calculating Leiston’s carbon budget is: Industry experts Group To create the route map, we have formed a working group of experts from The key project Suffolk, the UK and across Europe: decisions are made by a Global Carbon Budget 1,010,000 MtCO Project Steering Group, 2 Atkins, low-carbon engineering experts – primarily Ikigai Capital, financing experts – giving insight consisting of Leiston responsible for the route map. into funding for the route map. Together / Leiston Town UK Carbon Budget Opergy, local, clean energy experts – key University of East Anglia, internationally Council, East Suffolk 1,906.5 MtCO2 contributor to the route map and providing recognised experts in agricultural management – District Council and solutions advice. providing input to agricultural emissions/solutions. Suffolk County Council.
Energy Systems Catapult, experts in energy Sizewell C, proposed new nuclear build next to Suffolk Coastal Carbon Budget The Steering Group’s objectives are: 4,119 ktCO modelling – supporting route map options Sizewell B – providing project management and 2 to revitalise the identity of Leiston, and creating a standalone study on vulnerable seed funding. improve the living standards of households in Leiston. EDF, the UK’s largest supplier of low-carbon residents, meet climate goals and Leiston Parish Carbon Budget Carbone 4, carbon accountancy experts electricity – supporting initial pilot projects. apply learnings from the project 95 ktCO2 – reviewing carbon emissions calculation elsewhere in the district/county. methodologies. STUDY 3 BOUNDARY
Leiston Abbey LEISTON PARISH IS THE BOUNDARY FOR NET ZERO LEISTON
Why has this been selected?
Aligns with existing local parish boundary.*
Small enough to propose deliverable solutions within the route map, but large enough to ensure the learning can be used more widely to inform similar projects across the UK.
Provides some diversity in the economic sectors considered.
What’s in scope?
The study will consider the emissions from buildings, grid energy, transport, agriculture and land use.
Emissions that are part of the supply chain of goods, for example the food grown outside the boundary and sold in shops in Leiston, are not part of this project.
Is the boundary physical?
The boundary is virtual, not physical. This area is connected to a large network of wider energy uses, transport routes, environmental features and carbon emissions.
*Large national infrastructure is not included in the study as it’s excluded under the carbon budget approach, which we have followed. This project is unable to influence the activities of these projects (though both Sizewell C and Sizewell B are looking to reduce their emissions and are undertaking lifetime carbon assessments). ROUTE MAP 4 PROCESS
Sizewell Beach Business/ Commercial STEPO1 STEPO2 STEPO3 Modelling STEPO4 Assessment
ASSESS HEAT, CREATE THE BASELINE ASSESS POWER & BEST POSSIBLE CARBON NATURE-BASED TRANSPORT NET ZERO LEISTON EMISSIONS SOLUTIONS SOLUTIONS ROUTE MAP
Funding Assessment
Review and calculate Review and assess the Review environmental Review Steps 2 and 3 to current baseline emissions practical heat, power and solutions that could be used allow us to create the best within the boundary area. transport strategies for the to provide further carbon possible solution. study area. emission reduction.
Calculate the carbon For example, creating new emissions reduction green spaces that can associated with these act as a carbon sink, or solutions and what portion regenerating peatland bog, of the baseline carbon which will also trap carbon. emissions can be reduced. A good example of this is The carbon budget for the Aldhurst Farm habitat Leiston is likely to mean recreation project, currently Net Zero has to be achieved underway within the before 2030. It is unlikely all boundary of this study. This projects can be completed is where 67 hectares of in this timeframe, so arable farmland has been initiatives, like planting converted to wildlife habitat trees, may be needed to increase biodiversity. during a transitional phase to meet the overall target. NET ZERO CURRENT 5 EMISSIONS
Leiston Industrrial LEISTON’S CURRENT EMISSIONS, CALLED THE BASELINE, HAVE BEEN CALCULATED FROM
FOUR KEY CATEGORIES FUEL TYPE MAP
Land Use
3.7 ktCO2 removed – 2020
Agriculture Buildings 0.3 ktCO – 2020 Transport 2 11.6 ktCO2 – 2020 3.8 ktCO2 – 2020
These four categories summarise the total emissions for Leiston and help to demonstrate the key areas to target. For example, transport covers the carbon emissions from car fumes and the buildings category covers carbon emissions from our electricity and gas consumption, which we use to power and heat our homes and businesses. The UK HEAT carbon emissions can similarly break down in DEMAND this way. At a national level, broadly, carbon MAP emissions from heat, transport and energy consumption are the main categories.
Buildings
Total 11,608 tonnes of CO2 at present
There are more than 3,000 buildings in the study area that have been identified as having an energy demand. 89% are domestic and account for 7.8 ktCO2, with the remaining 11% non-domestic accounting for
3.8 ktCO2. The emissions from buildings largely come from the electricity and gas consumed to heat and power the property.
Leiston Houses Land Use
Total negative 3,700 tonnes of CO2 at present
‘Land use, land use change and forestry’ refers to all of the land that is neither existing dwellings or used for a commercial purpose, such as agriculture.
A map showing Leiston’s current use can be seen below:
Transport
Total 3,800 tonnes of CO2 at present
As a rural area, car use is essential for residents to get to work, school and leisure activities. With a limited Agriculture number of electric vehicles in Leiston, the emissions are largely made up of Total 300 tonnes of CO2 petrol and diesel vehicles. at present
Agriculture is a key part of Suffolk and makes up a large part of the land use in Leiston. This is largely arable land with limited livestock.
Within the UK agricultural sector, combustion sources account for
79% of CO2 emissions and fertiliser applications the remaining 21% (Defra, 2019).
Leiston Public Transport Agricultural Land Leiston Houses
ROUTE 6 MAP ROUTE . Achieve Net Zero direct emissions scope and indirect emissions scope by around from a annual baseline ey . Not exceeding the arbon budget for Leiston study area of t O MAP Uptake of measures
Uptake of measures Energy Efficient Domestic P Solar Canopy P Domestic Heat Domestic P Solar Canopy P Domestic Heat Street Lighting Pumps Pumps Uptake of measures
Uptake of measures Buildings Domestic Domestic Non-Domestic Non-Domestic Domestic Non-Domestic Non-Domestic Insulation Insulation Insulation Heat Pumps Insulation Insulation Heat Pumps
Smart Meters Non-Domestic Smart Networks and Smart Networks and Non-Domestic Wind Turbines at Electrification Smart Meters Solar P Digital Infrastructure Digital Infrastructure Solar P Commercial Site
2020 20222026 20252026 20302026
CO₂ CO₂ Se uestration Tree DAC, Non-Domestic Planting Biochar Biomass
H₂O Transport Electric Electrification Electric Electrification ehicle-to-grid Electric Electrification Hydrogen Bike Uptake of Fleet Bike Uptake of Fleet Bike Uptake of Fleet
Agriculture
Agricultural