Animal Health Foundation NON-PROFIT ORG. 8338 Rosemead Boulevard U.S. POSTAGE PAID Pico Rivera, PERMIT NO. 242 California 90660 PICO RIVERA, CAL.

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Veterinary Public Relations Guest Editorial By Dr. James A. Ferguson

Dr. James A. Ferguson is a career officer in the U.S. Army Veterinary Corps. He gradu­ ated from the Tuskegee Institute School of Veterinary Medicine. He also holds the Master of Public Health degree from the John Hopkins University and he is a Diplo­ Official Journal of the Animal Health Foundation on animal care and health. ma te on the American Board of Veterinary Public Health. He is currently engaged in studies leading to the Ph.D. degree in JANUARY/FEBRUARY 1973 Volume 4 Number 1 Epidemiology/Microbiology at the Uni­ versity of California, Berkeley. ARTICLES Here . . .Kitty Cat Louise Price Bell 8 The public is not presently receiv­ You're Driving Fido Nuts! Murray T. Pringle 10 ing the maximum possible benefits Goats Not Fun?! Ba-a-a! Ba-a-a! Humbug! Ruth E. Riley 12 from the American veterinary medical Cats and Kids Raymond Schuessler 14 profession. This is largely because the So You Think You'd Like to Have A Puppy Joyce A. O'Kelley .... 16 public has yet to be informed of the Animals in Heraldry 18 diverse capabilities extant within the New Canine Scourge: Heart worms Felicia Ames 23 profession. Relatively few Americans Man's Best Friends Can Ruin You! Isobel hanger 24 are aware that veterinarians are Guests at your Window Paul Brock 25 broadly trained doctors of biological No Rat Poison for Dogs! John A. White 26 medicine. Rarely is he considered to Veterinarians Do More Than Treat Sick Pets 28 be a bona fide doctor. In certain states veterinarians are officially classified as non-professional paramedical person­ nel along with medical and dental DEPARTMENTS technicians, nurses, chiropractors, undertakers, etc. Doctor's. News It is paradoxical today that the public should know so little about professional veterinary medicine. This profession has figured significantly in the great progress made in medicine William K. Riddell, D.V.M Editorial Director throughout the history of organized Pamela Bradley Associate Editor medicine in America. Veterinarians Norene Harris Associate Editor Millwood A. Custer, IXV.M Small Animals Editor have made more contributions to Charles H. Reid, D.V.M Equine Editor American medicine than any other Robert J. Schroeder, D.V.M Ecology & Public Health Editor group of medical personnel other than Oscar W. Schalm, D.V.M Research Editor physicians. Although organized Wesley A. Young, D.V.M Exotic Animals Editor veterinary medicine has existed in Bill Williams Art Director these United States for well over 100 Laura Tracy Advertising Director years,relatively little information has been provided to the public about the Address all advertising and editorial communications to ANIMAL CAVALCADE, 11926 profession, its broad orientation, pur­ Santa Monica Blvd., Los Angeles, California 90025. Area Code 213, 826-3647. All poses, objectives, and/or the qualifica­ editorial correspondence and manuscripts must be accompanied by a stamped self-ad­ tions of its members. Surprisingly little dressed envelope. information exists on the non-practice aspects of the veterinary profession. Virtually no use has been made of the SUBSCRIPTIONS AND CHANGE OF ADDRESS generally-available public information Send subscriptions and change of address to ANIMAL HEALTH FOUNDATION, 8338 media to make the public aware of the Rosemead Boulevard, Pico Rivera, Calif. 90660. Be sure to notify us of your change of broad concerns and activities of the address at least six weeks before the change is made, including an address label clipped profession. Today, we find the society from your latest copy. Give both your old and new address and include your ZIP CODE. to be largely ignorant of professional veterinary medicine. It is not all that unusual for reasonably well-educated COVER: individuals, eager to display their "Two little friends" - Navaho Indian child and pet goat, Arizona - photo by knowledge of the veterinary profes­ Esther Henderson. sion, to initiate conversations on foot-and-mouth disease. Such individ­ ANIMAL CAVALCADE Is published bi-monthly by Continental Publishing Corp. for the uals, almost without exception, Animal Health houndation, 8338 Rosemead Blvd., Pico Rivera, Calif. 90660. Single copies continued on page 6 .600. 12-issue subscription, $6.00; additional gift subscriptions (if ordered at same time), $4.00 each. Copyright, 1973, Continental Publishing Corp. CANINES "COP" THE important topics, is assistant professor SPOTLIGHT in the Department of Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medi­ Canine skin problems and cine, University of Georgia, Athens. emergency care for dogs will be dis­ He received his D.V.M. degree from cussed by Michael D. Lorenz, D.V.M., Oklahoma State University in 1969, University of Georgia, during a Dog graduating as outstanding senior. Health Seminar Sunday, Feb. 4, in The Morris Animal Foundation King of Prussia, Pa., near Philadelphia. sponsors scientific studies into diseases Dr. Lorenz has recently been added and health problems of dogs at veter­ to the program of the seminar spon­ inary schools and other qualified in­ sored by the Morris Animal Founda­ stitutions. It held similar Dog Health tion, Denver, which includes three Seminars to inform the dog-owning other men who are authorities in the public about the latest information on canine field. their pets in Chicago in 1970 and Los John Lafore, Jr., Haverford, Pa., Angeles in 1971. considered the nation's top man in the Planning committee members for dog fancy, is president of the the seminar are: E.H. Whitaker, Phila­ American Kennel Club and a former delphia, breeder of English springer congressman. He will discuss the AKC, spaniels; Mrs. Joan McDonald which regulates and directs the dog Brearley, Philadelphia, past editor of fancy. Popular Dogs Magazine; M. Josephine IS YOUR PET EATING Dr. Michael Fox, professor of Deubler, V.M.D., Philadelphia, A BALANCED DIET? psychology, Washington University, University of Pennsylvania; Mrs. Local kennel clubs and other St. Louis, a noted animal behaviorist Marion Evashwick, Pittsburgh, breeder groups interested in the nutrition of and entertaining speaker, will give a of miniature schnauzers; James M. companion animals may now request talk on canine behavior. McLynn, Bethesda, Md., breeder of the services of Dr. C.W. (Bill) Schulz, Dr. Jack O. Knowles, Miami, Fla., airedales and wire fox terriers; Louise newly appointed Manager of Profes­ will explain heartworm, a serious McMahon, pet editor, Evening and sional Relations, Hill's Division, disease in dogs which appears to be Sunday Bulletin, Philadelphia; and Riviana Foods, Inc., Topeka, Kansas. spreading northward. Dr. Knowles is Charles A.T. O'Neill, Philadelphia, Dr. Schulz will appear free of considered an authority on heartworm board of directors, American Kennel charge before local groups to speak on and has written several articles about Club. pet nutrition and to answer questions it. Following the talks, members of on nutritional management. Skin diseases - a common problem the audience may ask the speakers Dr. Schulz formerly served as Head among dogs — have many different questions about canine health, be­ of the Department of Medicine and causes, including environment, para­ havior and proper care. Surgery, School of Veterinary Medi­ sites and diet, which often makes them Tickets for the seminar are $10 cine, Texas A & M University. Prior to difficult to diagnose and cure. ($12.50 after Jan. 27), including that, he had spent some 20 years in Knowledge of emergency care, or lunch, and are available from Morris private veterinary practice. first aid, is important to all dog Animal Foundation, 531 Guaranty Requests for Dr. Schulz should be owners, as its correct application can Bank Building, Denver, 80202. The directed to him at Hill's, P.O. Box mean saving a pet's life. seminar will be from 9:30 a.m. to 4 148, Topeka, Kansas 66601. Dr. Lorenz, who will speak on these p.m. at the Valley Forge Hilton in King of Prussia, at Exit 24 of the gETtfW WUm Pennsylvania Turnpike, then north on Highway 202 one mile.

VETERINARIANS LAUNCH BATTLE AGAINST NEWCASTLE DISEASE CHICAGO, 111. - Consumers, poultry producers and pet bird enthu­ siasts alike will suffer substantial economic losses if exotic Newcastle disease is not completely eradicated from the United States, according to the American Veterinary Medical Association. Last spring this viral infection, deadly to chickens, turkeys, pet birds and wild birds, seriously threatened consumer supplies of poultry prod­ ucts. Secretary of Agriculture Earl L. Butz declared the problem a national emergency on March 14, thus allowing the federal government to release funds for a nationwide eradication program. continued on page 9 continued from page 3 stituted in this country at about the express great amazement when they same time (the early 1900's) as high- learn of some of the human health- caliber human medicine, the veterinary JohnSon oriented contributions that have been profession adopted a seemingly made by veterinarians. Rarely do opposite sociological philosophy. It fefcPor people presuppose that veterinary makes some attempts to exploit the medicine has any common bond with public information media. It makes Is a human medicine other than clinical some professional suggestions, but techniques. renders few professional opinions to Softie The public willingly supports those the general public on matters pertain­ organizations and issues that it is able ing to the health and welfare of the to appreciate as being in its best nation. To be sure, animal health and interest. Societies, by their very welfare receive much publicity today. Now a new model designed just for cats nature, are very conservative. People However, the vast majority of this and toy dogs means three sizes accom­ must be convinced of the beneficience derives from special interest groups modate all pets from small cats to Ger­ of, or necessity for, change. They and/or organizations such as humane man Shepherds. All pets get the swing adhere to the principle that any societies, animal food and drug manu­ of it in as little as five minutes. Save proposed actions worthy of their con­ facturers, and pet stores. In the scien­ their masters trips to the door—elimi­ sideration will be brought to their tific sphere, the publicity derives large­ nate barking, mewing and scratching at attention. Veterinarians and the veteri­ the door. • Swinging parts of the pet ly from zoologists, wildlife biologists, door are flexible for pet safety. Perma­ nary profession have, up to this point livestock organizations, and such face­ nent magnets keep them shut when not in time, failed to convince the public less organizations as the USDA, the in use. No drafts or dust. Frame is of the broad utility of veterinary U.S. Public Health Service, the mili­ aerospace tested extruded aluminum- medicine. Furthermore, they. have tary, and the like. Veterinarians are lasts a lifetime. Locking panel for secur­ even failed to demonstrate to the identified as "zoologists," "govern­ ity. Can be installed in door panels or public the essentiality of veterinary ment doctors," "government scien­ walls • For brochure and price sched­ medicine to the health and welfare of ule write to Dept. AC,Johnson Pet-Dor, tists," etc. As the result of this, the Inc., P.O. Box 643, Northridge, Calif. the public. public is, in most instances, totally 91324. Veterinary medicine is unequivocal­ unaware that the veterinary profession ly the companion profession to human has a concern in these activities. An medicine. The two comprise the field exceptionally large segment of the of general biological medicine. The American public considers the state nature and extent of the education and/or county health departments as and training of the veterinarian and being the official organizations estab­ the physician are comparable. These lishing professional policies and/or JOHNSON IPET-DO R two groups of professionals represent regulating the professional activities of the most broadly, and extensively, veterinarians. trained personnel produced by our Many veterinary services are not in society. Their philosophies are similar public demand simply because the A complete guide to and are founded upon identical scien­ public does not know that they exist. tific principles. They employ identical There is a great need for the advertise­ taking your pet along methodologies and their efforts are ment of the broad activities and con­ directed toward the same ends; the cerns of the veterinary profession to­ anywhere in Europe conservation of life and the mainten­ day. or America ance (ami/or restoration) of bodily More than ever before, the involve­ functions in complex living organisms. ment of veterinarians in modern health Both the veterinary and the human activities is indicated. Highly-trained medical professions are oriented veterinary specialists must assume Trav toward the enhancement of human greater roles in the areas of public health and welfare through the con­ health, environmental medicine/ trol, prevention, and (where possible) conservation, wildlife biology/ the eradication of diseases in human medicine, aquatic biology/medicine, and animal populations. Clinically, the comparative medicine/pathology, live­ professions differ with respect to the stock development programs, bio­ species of animals attended. Apart medical research on the zoonoses and Your from clinical medicine, the two profes­ animal-specific diseases, research on sions are biologically equivalent. the chronic and/or non-infectious Sociologically the professions differ diseases affecting man and animals, markedly. This is because the members aerospace medicine/research and mili­ by Paula Weideger of the human medical profession have N tary medicine/research, to cite a few & Geraldine Thorsten utilized every available opportunity to examples. Also, the public must be lllus. by Ernie Pintoff inform the public of the concerns and made aware of the professional capa­ Here is everything you need to activities of that profession. Their ef­ bilities of — and the need for — know about regulations, certifi­ forts have included the use of news­ veterinarians in these areas. The public cates, health requirements, pet papers, magazines, television, radio, lodgings, and more—together with must be shown that professional veter­ lots of practical advice—about political lobbying, public addresses inary medicine consists of significantly traveling with your cat, dog, rac­ and private conversations. They have more than the practice of clinical coon, caribou, or almost any other not been hesitant in rendering their veterinary medicine. It will be only kind of pet. professional opinions on matters after this is done that the public will $7.95 at booksellers or write to which might in any way be related to be able to understand the need for the Dept. 120, Simon and Schuster, the health and welfare of the public. 630 Fifth Ave., N.Y., N.Y. 10020 promotion and exploitation of Although high-quality and highly veterinary medicine for the overall scientific veterinary medicine was in­ health and well-being of the nation. s

Your pet H needs to see a doctor annually, too.

A I Sure you take him when he's If your pet gets an inadequate diet Purina Dog Meal—or a house dog- sick or injured. But while you're he may become more susceptible Chuck Wagon or Purina Dog Chow there, why not give him a complete to disease or develop a scruffy, — or a puppy-Puppy Chow. If you checkup to insure he's in good rough coat. He may appear tired have a cat try our soft-moist variety- general health? Your veterinarian and listless and, oddly enough, Tender Vittles — dry-Purina Cat can clean teeth, run blood tests or when he feels this way he'll Chow or Cat Dinners—or canned— watch for parasites —important probably refuse to eat. Purina Variety Menu. No matter items in keeping your pet healthy Purina can help you because we which of these you feed, you can all the time. make diets specially designed for be confident that your pet is getting And there's a lot you can do your pet. If you have an active dog- all he needs to remain in good health. to help your veterinarian keep your Purina High Protein Dog Meal or Remember, the right diet and pet healthy. A most important regular visits to your veterinarian thing is to feed the right Purina diet. are the best ways to insure your pet good health.

PURINA CAT CHOW PUPPY pwma $ THiDER K&U WiTTLCS AftSSL For your pet's health Feed Purina Pet Foods . . . H And see your veterinarian annually. Aere... kitty-oat

by Louise Price Bell

There is a cat in most homes and here is a game that is built around the word CAT. There are ten statements. One word that will describe each one begins with CAT. See how many you can get right, then turn to page29foi the correct answers.

1. A spicy sauce used on weiners and other meats. 2. An unpleasant event. 3. A common plant belonging to the mint family, that your cat likes. 4. Ancestor of the butterfly. 5. Vaults used long, long ago. 6. A large waterfall, also trouble with one's eyes. 7. To tumble suddenly. 8. A classification. 9. What mail order houses send to people. 10. Animals found on farms. Photo by John Bright

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A* continued from page 4 exotic birds and animals. The potential Research Needed Although these measures have dangers to native wildlife species, stopped its advance, exotic Newcastle domestic animals and man make it The association also called for a disease is far from eradicated. AVMA imperative that more responsible more permanent solution to the and other concerned organizations actions be developed to prevent threat, pointing out that "as this very such as the American Association of further serious assaults upon our serious problem presents a continuing Avian Pathologists fear that the environment." danger to the United States, increased government may now relax recently- AVMA supported the AAAP posi­ funding for exotic Newcastle disease imposed import restrictions or cut tion, stating in its letter to Secretary research is urgently needed. back eradication efforts. Unless the Butz that, "since exotic Newcastle "A cooperative program with disease is completely purged from the disease exists in many parts of the Mexico to ultimately eliminate the U.S., they point out, a reservoir of the world, the vigorous enforcement of disease from that country would give virus could develop in wild and exotic importation regulations for all avian added protection to the United pet bird populations. This would species is vital to the success of keep­ States," the association added, and necessitate continuous vaccination of ing the disease out of the United concluded with an offer to assist domestic birds that would hamper States." USDA m its eradication efforts. poultry production and increase the price of poultry, poultry products and pet birds. Total losses to the public could be staggering. Concerned over U.S. Department of Agriculture actions apparently aimed at winding down the Newcastle disease program, the American Veterinary Medical Association recently urged the secretary of agriculture to continue intensive efforts until the disease is completely eradicated. SCIENCE In a letter to Secretary Butz dated November 1, the association com­ DIET mended USDA "for the vigorous steps »•;•! that have been taken to contain and ultimately eliminate exotic Newcastle disease from the United States." Long-Range Benefits Speaking on behalf of the nation's 29,000 veterinarians, the association called for total eradication of exotic Newcastle disease virus from the U.S. ...a new concept in canine nutrition In the long run, a less vigorous pro­ gram not only would cost far more but also would adversely affect many more • NO SUPPLEMENTATION OR MIXING people, according to the association. • HIGH CALORIC DENSITY "The American public should not be asked to live with the disease," • MINIMUM FOOD INTAKE AVMA declared, urging Secretary Butz • EXCELLENT DIGESTIBILITY to consider the long-range benefits of continued efforts aimed at complete • GREATLY REDUCED FECAL VOLUME eradication. "Money spent on the eradication program will be well justified in SCIENCE DIET® formulas are special diets developed originally for comparison to the financial impact the use in research animals where absolute optimum nutrition is re­ disease will have if it is allowed to quired. Four of these diets are for dogs. Each is formulated to meet spread across the country," the associ­ specific nutritional needs during a certain phase of the life cycle . . . ation pointed out. or during periods of stress. Because of their primary usage, these Ecologic Disaster diets are unlike any dog foods sold on the commercial market. Veterinarians of the American Association of Avian Pathologists add Now available to the public on a limited basis, these SCIENCE DIET® that the effects of the newly-imported foods offer the professional breeder a unique opportunity to feed the Newcastle disease virus on America's wild bird population are not even most efficient, scientifically developed products available. known yet and could lead to disastrous ecologic disturbances. For further information write: In a statement developed by its Committee on Diseases of Wild and HILLS DIVISION RIVIANA FOODS INC. Pet Birds, AAAP has warned that "the P. O. Box 148 Topeka, Kansas 66601 limited natural wildlife and domestic animal resources of the U.S. cannot continue to afford the losses which have resulted from direct or indirect effects of uncontrolled introduction of Photo by John Bright

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By Murray T. Pringle

If your pet has been behaving than I ever did when I started my the fact that dogs (and other animals) strangely of late, take him to a practice more than twenty years ago," are becoming too human for their own psychiatrist — and then go to one explained the vet. "Hardly a week goes good. yourself! You are very likely responsi­ by that I don't see several mentally Michael the spaniel almost worried ble for his erratic behavior. Or, if he is disturbed dogs. Not dangerous or himself to death when he sensed that "secondhand" his mental hang-up vicious, mind you, just all mixed up." his owner was upset. The woman was (whatever it is) may have been brought Veterinarians all over the world grieving over the death of her sister about by a previous owner. report the same thing. It has become and the nerves of the high-strung One man took his big, amiable standard procedure to prescribe pooch couldn't stand it. He started Airedale to a veterinarian, complaining tranquilizers for dogs, cats and even vomiting violently and in 12 weeks that the pooch was acting more addled work animals. They need the sedatives had lost 13 pounds. than ever. He was told: "Don't blame to exist in the crazy environment Only when the pet was almost too the poor dog. You're getting wackier, we've created for them. weak to walk did a vet discover that too. We all are, these days." There are now a number of genuine 7-year-old Michael had suffered a ner­ The bluntly outspoken doctor said "psychiatrists" specializing in canine vous breakdown. To save the dog from that pets are reflecting the tensions of mental ills, and none of them lack for otherwise certain death it was neces­ their masters and the people around business. It's no kooky fad, this dog sary to restore the lady's equilibrium. them. "I'm seeing more neurotic psychiatry thing; the poor beasts are in When this had been accomplished, and animals with psychosomatic illnesses real need of such help. It stems from drugs used to treat human nervous 10 disorders were given to Michael, both Sorenson said he got the idea for the spaniel and his owner were re­ his mental hospital when he studied stored to mental and physical health. animal psychology while operating as a Dr. Mark W. Allam, dean of the veterinarian. According tovSorenson: University of Pennsylvania School of "I found that many dogs brought in Veterinary Medicine, did not consider for physical ailments actually needed this case unusual. "There is no ques­ mental treatment instead." tion that pets react strongly to the Arne Sorenson's psychotherapy has anxieties and brainstorms of their been successful in almost all cases owners," he said. "Sometimes I think referred to him. "The main thing is to they're as mixed up as people. Al­ make contact with the dog's real self," though the general health of pets is he explained. "I have to be like a : Love is a improving constantly and their life­ n I father to them, gain their confidence cold nose and a H agging tail spans are increasing, they are showing and get them calm and steady. It add a puppy's grat a much higher incidence of nervous sounds simple but it isn't. Yes,Z% youand can affection to the other ailments." "Dogs are more intelligent than ards awaiting you as a Vet rew Many pets today live under far people think," he concludes. erinary Assistant greater pressures than humans, he Human phobias can be like a pointed out. Local ordinances against virulent disease to some pets. British Chances are, you •I I spend unleashed dogs are confining them to veterinarian Michael Young, reporting the rest of your life work apartments and backyards. Such un­ on an "in-depth" study of London's ing—so, shouldntyou' r natural restrictions tend to build up Work lead to a career you West End canine population, says close .-- nervous tension in animals. observation indicates that man's best / enjoy? If you love animals, 4 friend (but not necessarily vice versa) there's one career that * Even worse," continued Dr. . ,, Allam, "we are projecting our own is becoming increasingly "fretful, dis­ promises this kind of neuroses to our pets. Animals have a oriented and quick to lose his com­ satisfaction and, it •s easily telepathic sense of mental upset in posure. In other words, he is becoming within your reach! more "human" every day. ... people and they're very clever at * ; drawing inferences from human facial Young says he has met dogs that :•'- expressions. You hear all sorts of "scream hysterically when strangers stories about animal perceptiveness, enter the house;" others that jump but I can vouch for the authenticity of back in fear of traffic; many that cower at the sound of a plane passing this one because I was in the middle of ;ii it." overhead. The prime cause in each case Would W> WOT A high-strung widow who paced the appeared to be a master (or mistress) The Most? floor continually bought a Doberman with a similar phobia. Ji pinscher pup. By the time the pup was TV starting to get on your nerves? It VETERINARY ASSISTANT four months old it was so nervous and doesn't do your pet a damn bit of Work with a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine had developed such an extreme sense good, either. If your dog watches or in an animal hospital. You may help of fear that the woman had to give it Lassie on the boob tube and then stays business... and your can get in now on away. tuned for Mr. Ed and Gentle Ben or this "ground floor opportunity Dr. Allam took the dog as a house other animal shows,he may be in line for serious health trouble. This warn­ LABORATORY AIDE pet. Everytime he came near it, the - Unlimited opportunities await trained pup ran in frantic circles. It took six ing comes from a study recently com­ men and women in pharmaceutical pleted in West Germany. laboratories, schools and research months of patient work to calm the facilities. Here, you may specialize in animal. Then he gave it to a friend People who let their pets watch care, breeding, study or training of research animals whose wife was blind and hard of television more than an hour a day are hearing. Within two months the "mal­ risking grave hazards to the animal's h Z00KEEPER adjusted" pet was acting the part of a well-being. Poodles, for example, who There is a growing demand for trained men and women to care for animals found self-taught Seeing Eye for the woman. viewed TV for three or four hours in public and private zoos. If you are "That dog," said Dr. Allam, "took daily, became highly nervous and snap­ fascinated by wild animals, and enjoy the added spice of some danger, this can its cue from people in three different pish and suffered acute loss of appe­ '? be an exciting career opportunity environments and reacted accordingly. tite. Effects on birds were found to be Animals respond very quickly to our even worse. After being subjected to PET SHOP attitudes toward them. A dog brought TV for several hours daily, parakeets OR KENNEL OWNER came down with fever! The rapid expansion of this field of into a family's conversations will be­ business offers unusual opportunities for come more alert and intelligent than Among pets studied, dogs were the trained men and women to own or most ardent TV fans but bird watchers manage a pet shop or kennel. Your training one that is tied up outside the house." qualifies you to give proper care to pets Fifty-three-year-old Arne Sorenson ran a close third. Humans, of course, customers the knowledgeable advice they is a leading "dog psychiatrist" in are first and they provide graphic will look to you to provide Grested, Denmark. During the ten examples of what boob tube addiction Make your move.' years that he has operated a mental can do! Mail me coupon below hospital for hung-up hounds he has Very often a "mentally disturbed" We'll send you a Free ' Career Kit cured more than 6,000 and has had pet is an animated minor, reflecting Home Study Council remarkably few failures. He, too, our own psychological hang-ups. To I North American School of Animal Sciences, Dept. 334 31 blames humans for most canine mental cure your four-footed or feathered Coreefi by Home-Study companion, first submit yourself to a l 4500 Campus Dr.University Plaza, Newport Beach, Ca.92663 problems. 1 "In 75 percent of the cases I've psychiatric overhaul. rn u. Rush me free "Career Kit" handled," he says, "the cause of the "All this concern over a bunch of dog's psychoses can be traced to its animals! What for?" Anyone who has I Address owner. The dog was the victim of its to ask a question like that would never • City State Zip environment." understand the answer. . . H

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By" RJjth E. Riley s Ajkyone wtyo thinks goats aren't loveable, funny', laughably mischievous pets should get. to know a couple like M'Lou and M'Thumb. These two frolicksome twin kids came to us when we purchased their %f\-M\l U-%m HUHSUQl Toggenburg mother following our doctor's advice that my husband drink goat's milk. The mother goat was content to stay in the pasture with our cows —

12 but the kids had a lively curiosity, the delight of my husband, who soon their previous owner, we gave the and liked to explore. Moreover, they named them Skip to M'Lou and Hop goats some baking soda. They, of had a surprising ability to jump up on O' M'Thumb. course, shared the salt put out for the places where one wouldn't have felt After we barred them from the cows, but the soda seemed to be a they could gain a foothold. yard, in order to save our rose bushes, special treat for them. This talent was helpful in getting they were forced to find other fun — After swallowing a teaspoonful or them over fences between the pasture and did. They began teasing our ex­ more of soda, the goats would emit and the poultry yard, and, in turn, pectant mother pig, Grunter. some sort of double-barreled from the poultry yard into the large We had raised Grunter from a baby, "Bur-r-r-p." Whenever one did, the yard which surrounded our house. and now that she was mature and other would "Ba-a-h!" disapprovingly, In the beginning, before we dis­ about to become a mother, my hus­ as if astonished that anyone had such covered they were nibbling off all the band decided she no longer should bad manners. buds on our rose bushes, we permitted sleep with the cows, and deserved her The kids loved to be petted. When them to go where they pleased. own residence. my husband and I came to sit under Some years after the death of my Accordingly he built her a small the elm tree they would join us. If no husband, I learned that cloth bags house with a roof which sloped at the one paid attention to them, one or the containing a couple of moth balls each rear to about a 3-foot height. other would push a forehead gently would have deterred this feasting. But As the time for delivery neared, but firmly against one of us, hoping by then I was living in a small city Grunter began to retreat inside her for a few pats, or a scratching behind apartment, and the kids and their house several times each day to take the ears. mother had been resold to their naps. Our goats did not, as people former owner and returned to his Noting she no longer was in the assume, eat paper, tin cans, etc. A goat herd. pasture, the twin kids would stand will pull at things with his mouth, Someone is likely to remark that, together for a moment, then, as if on probably because of that overwhelm­ considering the way goats smell, the signal, would race toward the hog ing curiosity these animals seem to odor of a few moth balls surely house, leap into- the air, and come possess. wouldn't interfere with anything they down on the galvanized roof with all Attracted by the odor of water, wanted to do. eight hooves. perhaps, the kids did chew a bit on the Surprisingly, the female goat does The resultant bang was enough, my laundry I hung in the back yard when not have an odor. And, I have been husband declared, "to wake the dead." weather permitted. But a few good told that a veterinarian can remove A certainty was that Grunter was spankings with a folded newspaper the cause of the odor from the male, awakened. She would emerge grunting cured them of that urge. or Billy goat. from her house. The kids would nod Similar treatment cured them of My only experience with the father knowingly at each other, then race going through a gate from the poultry of M'Lou and M'Thumb was once away as she charged at them. yard to our driveway, which would when he was permitted to visit them We then tried to build a fence to swing in either direction. For a time for a few days when it appeared their keep the kids away from her house. they did come back to the gate mother wanted to be with him. This meant, of course, that she was occasionally, and stand there as if Papa Billy Goat was delivered one penned, but at the time she didn't care discussing the matter. Detecting them, spring afternoon, unloaded him from much about taking walks anyway. Fred would call, "You'd better not!" the cattle trailer in which he had been Perhaps Fred, my husband, felt a The goats would tip their heads to one riding, and led him through the barn­ bit sorry for the kids so he started a side for a moment, then emit some yard and gate to the pasture. new game for them. Our poultry house "Ba-a-hs" and move away. Billy emitted a "Bah" or so, and, had a low roof over a sort of pen Mankind, researchers claim, owes a replying in kind, Buelah, the mother, which was the feed and nest room for great deal to goats, including the dis­ ran to meet him. The cows, who had the chickens. But the larger adjoining covery of coffee. accepted her so well, followed after, building, ran up rather steeply to a A goatherd, noting how lively the eager to meet the new comer. ridgecomb covered, with long slabs of goats were after eating coffee berries, The wind was blowing away from wood. tried to eat some himself. Finding them and toward Billy, his owner, my Fred hefted the kids to the lower them too hard to chew, he boiled husband, and myself, so the scent did roof and they dashed about with their them in water to soften them. not reach the cows at once. But when usual joy in exploring new places. Why he drank the resultant brown it did, they wheeled and ran for the They scrambled up the steeper roof liquid I don't know, but apparently he opposite side of the pasture. and began balancing on the ridgecomb. liked it. He is said to have felt alert and They refused to graze near Billy The balancing act apparently full of life, like the animals in his herd. during his four day stay. Having had to pleased them, and they would run by Later, according to one source, the hold my nose whenever near him, I turns along the ridgecomb, or, after brew was used to keep people awake understood exactly how they felt. balancing there a moment, would during religious devotions. In turn it (Obviously Buelah didn't agree!) jump into the air and try to come was used as a sort of medicine, and in During the time they were per­ down to balance on it again. Often time became the popular social drink mitted to roam our yard, the kids had they succeeded. Other times they stag­ we have today. one game which gave us a great deal of gered down the steeper roof to the I don't know how the goats in that amusement to watch. more level one below. historic herd behaved after eating cof­ They would race up the steps to Thereafter Fred treated them to an fee beans, but I am sure they couldn't our big front porch, spring lightly onto occasional romp on the roofs, until his have been any more lively than those the railing at the end of it, balance failing health ended his ability to lift two Toggenburgs, M'Lou and daintily there for a moment, then leap them. They then had to content them­ M'Thumb. into the air and land on the grass selves with jumping up on our wheel­ In fact, I don't think healthy goats several feet away. barrow, or on the chairs we kept under need coffee to make them lively and Sometimes they would play this the big elm tree in the poultry yard. full of fun. For my money, they're game for as much as half an hour, to Every week, as advised to do by born that way.

13 Kss CLiruL

By Raymond Schuessler

Cats may never have shaped the Wonderland — cats and their exploits One day he was told to donate his cat destiny of nations, but tales about have always been part and parcel of as good luck symbol to a trading ship them have charmed and educated kids growing up. on its way to Morocco. When the children since the beginning of time. There was Dick Whittington's traders arrived in Morocco with their From the 3 little kittens who lost their extroverted cat. Dick worked as a goods so, too, did a keel-load of mice. mittens, to the Cheshire Cat of Alice's charboy in a great house in London. All that saved the Sultan and the

Pussy-cat,pussy-cat, where have you been? Bim, bam, udi Bomme! I've been up to London to look at the Katten slaar paa Tromme. queen, Fire smaa Mus Pussy-cat, pussy-cat, what did you there? traadte en Dans, 1 frightened a little mouse under the chair. saa hele Jorden dundred.

14 Court from utter turmoil was Dick's living things. So teach your child how hairs. And first brush against the grain agreeable — and hungry — cat. When to care for and feed the new pet right of his fur to catch loose hair. the ship returned to London, Dick's away. You'll want to give your new cat fortune was on it — in the form of The best way to pick up a cat is some toys, such as tennis balls, rattles, precious jewels and gold sent by the with one hand under its chest, holding catnip mice and so on. But don't be grateful Sultan. The cat stayed on at the front legs gently with the fingers - surprised if kitty scorns your choice Morocco. Dick? He became Lord at the same time cupping the hind­ and settles for a pencil, a spool, or a Mayor of London-town. quarters with the other hand. Never ball of yarn he finds himself. Then there are the countless cats pull your pet up by the scruff of the For the fact remains: cats have and kittens who have been made neck! (This technique is reserved for minds of their own. Rudyard Kipling famous in nursery rhymes. Besides mama cats.) knew this when he wrote about the cat those three mitten-less kittens, there You can show your child how to who "walked alone" in his JUST SO was the cat who sat by the fiddle while groom kitty right away, beginning STORIES. He understood that a cat, the cow jumped over the moon. Con­ with a daily brushing and combing. like a child's imagination, is a free sider, too, the fearless traveler who Use a rubber or plastic comb for short spirit ... it can't be tied down to mere went to London, just to visit the hairs - a strong metal one for long rules. Queen. And who can forget the owl and the pussy cat who went to sea in their beautiful, pea green boat? (Their luggage was interesting: some honey and plenty of money, wrapped up in a five pound note.) Of all the cats in children's litera­ ture, Lewis Carroll's Cheshire speci­ men was, perhaps, the most exasperat­ ing. His knack of appearing and dis­ appearing at will, over any over-hanging branch, was decidely unnerving to Alice. Though he did give her some good advice: "Which way ought I to go from here?" she asked. "That depends," he said sensi­ bly, "on where you want to go." Actually, these cherished stories and rhymes go a long way toward summing up the nature of the cat: ingenious, .agreeable, playful, fearless, individual, sensible - and always beautiful. If you're considering the addition of a cat to your family, you and your children are in for an enjoyable experi­ ence. Best remember, however, a few simple pointers in the choice and care of your new pet. Cats are like people, in that no two are exactly alike — though general characteristics do prevail. A Siamese cat, for example, is friendly and fun- loving, while the Manx is timid and dependent. The Persian is adventurous and affectionate in disposition; and the Burmese is playful, though more quiet and gentle. If you buy a pure­ bred cat, be sure to deal with a reputable breeder or pet shop. And remember, many fine cats are not purebred, as millions of owners will testify. No matter what breed you choose, be sure your kitten is healthy. Look for clear eyes, clean ears, firm pink mouth, gloss> coat without bare patches, and a firm, and muscular body. Child psychologists agree that providing your child with a pet can increase his sense of responsibility — his awareness of and respect for other By Joyce A. O'Kelley with several champions in its back­ thousands of pets receive only the ground, either. initial vaccine, and due to ignorance Mrs. O'Kelley works as an assistant Recently, at a church supper, a lady on the part of their owners, never to a veterinarian in Tampa, Florida. struck up a conversation about pets. receive a booster shot — until it is too In her words: "Our home abounds Another woman standing nearby said, late. with pets of all descriptions, it always "I have a little dog, and I wish he'd get ... Do be prepared for chewing. has - even while living in an apart­ run over." Shocked, I replied, "You Some dogs continue to chew things ment in Europe for six years . . . they can't mean that!" And she said, "Oh, through their second year. I owned are happy, healthy, affectionate ani­ yes I do! We like to travel and there's one boxer that still pulled pictures off mals by using the methods described always that dog to worry about. He's the wall and ate them at the age of in this article." just four years old, and I think he's two, if he was left alone. Believe it or Recently, while walking my two going to live forever, just to spite me!" not, he quit chewing completely, dogs, I met a casual acquaintance. I'd like to offer some advise to shortly after his second birthday, and I Knowing she had an adorable fuzzy anyone thinking of buying or other­ never experienced any more trouble red puppy, about six months old, I wise obtaining a puppy. All puppies with him. asked why her puppy wasn't sharing have several things in common: 1) There are various methods for con­ her evening stroll. "Oh, we don't have they all cry at first, 2) they all chew, trolling chewing. My favorite, and one him any longer," she replied. When I 3) they all have to be housebroken, which I have used successfully with questioned her about it, she told me and 4) they all have to be taught to several dogs, is to make sure the puppy that they had given up on him because stay in their own yard. always has an abundance of items of of his chewing. Loving him while he Don't get a puppy, if you can't live his very own for chewing. Each time was cuddly and cute, they chose to get up to the following do's! he is caught chewing, firmly tell him

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rid of him when he reached the stage . . . Do expect your puppy to do no. Then give him one of his own toys. of chewing everything in sight. things your child isn't allowed to do. Many dogs that never chew while the They had tried, according to her, to Puppies, like children, must be taught, owner is home, will destroy everything remedy the situation by tying him in and a puppy cannot be expected to in sight when the owner is away. If the garage. Naturally he chewed even learn as rapidly as a child (although you must leave the house, and cannot more - who wouldn't out of sheer sometimes, it is surprising just how take the puppy, put him in an area boredom? This same lady had informed quickly they do learn). where there are no rugs, no whatnots, me a month earlier, that she didn't ... Do plan on getting all the vac­ no pictures, etc., for him to reach. intend to get distemper shots for the cinations required for your puppy — Then put him on a leash, and tie it to puppy. "I have to put enough money not only those required by law, but the doorknob. I place chewable toys, out for my children, without putting those required for his health as well. If large dog biscuits (the kind for large money in a puppy that is just a mutt!" you can't afford them, then don't get dogs are great for puppies because To top it all, they hadn't even tried to the puppy. It is better to do without a they last a long time, and a puppy is find a home for the little fellow. They pet, than risk distemper or some other not likely to chew them up before you merely turned him over to the Hu­ fatal disease. Many clients will make return), a bowl of water and a nylon mane Society. (Humane Societies have the statement, "He doesn't need the bone. Nylon bones are preferable to enough to do without being the dump­ distemper shot, he's always in an rawhide, as I have had puppies choke ing grounds for unwanted pets!) apartment." These same clients are the on pieces of rawhide. I work for a veterinarian, and ones who come in later with a sick pet. Occasionally test your puppy by believe me, this lady is not unique. Many pet diseases are air borne and leaving some chewable item (one that Several people a day make the same can occur even if a dog does not come you aren't too fond of) within his remarks about their pets. Chances are, in contact with another dog. reach. After he's ignored it for several if they won't spend money on a . . . Do be prepared to get booster times, try him off leash. Just make "mutt," they wouldn't do it for one shots for your pet each year. Many sure you don't leave him too long on 16 these trial runs, and be lavish with from your area, it is alright to let him After you are sure the pup is paper praise when you discover everything is down - on leash only. This method trained, begin each day to move his still in order when you return. has always worked very well for me. I paper - no great distance, just a few ... Do be prepared for your puppy have one little Cairn Terrier that inches — this way he will not realize to get on the furniture, unless you knows the exact boundaries of our his favorite spot is being changed. teach him differently. My favorite yard. She is the marvel of the neigh­ Move the papers toward the door you method here is the mousetrap. I use borhood, as she goes out unsupervised wish the pup to use to get outside. It this only when a pup has persisted in day and night, yet never leaves her will take several days to finally reach climbing on the couch or chair when I yard ... no matter how many chil­ the door. When you have at last am not in the room. I set a trap (a dren, bikes, or other dogs pass by in reached the door, place one corner of small one) place it on the piece of the street. She will even chase other the paper under the door. Each day furniture, and leave the room. It never dogs out of our yard, but will stop move the paper further under the door takes more than once or twice to be short at our boundary. until all that remains inside, is one effective. The object is not to harm . . . Do be prepared to care for the little corner. Each time your pup goes the pup, but to scare him. While he puppy yourself. A new puppy is not a to the door, praise him highly, and climbs up on the couch, he immediate­ child's toy, and no child should be take him outside. ly hears a loud snap! This, coupled expected to care for it properly. A Once again, this is where so many with the fact he knows he isn't new puppy needs food, lots of rest, people fail in the transition from paper allowed there, never fails to work. and lots of love. A child can help with to outdoors. They find that the pup ... Do expect a puppy to roam if the feeding and the loving, but it is up will hold it until he is back inside and you do not have a fence, or if you do to you to see that he gets the rest he then he looks for his paper again. If not teach him differently. Training needs. Children cannot be expected to this happens to you, continue to move

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varies with the individual dog, but the know when a puppy is tired. his paper from the edge of the door, to method I like best when I do not have ... Do expect a few puddles or the yard itself. Use a piece of paper a fence can be used by anyone with a worse on the floor until he under­ that he has already soiled, so that the little patience. stands what you expect of him. odor is still there. Once the paper is When you first bring your puppy I begin housebreaking when the completely in the yard, weigh it down home, take him out in the yard often. puppy is first brought home by confin­ with a brick or small rock to keep it While a pup is still young, it is easy to ing him to one small area. This can be from blowing away. Each day, tear off retrieve him if he should decide to in a kitchen, bedroom, or any area a small piece of paper until all that leave the yard. Keep a small chain (a that you can screen off. Place news­ remains is a small scrap. By now, if training collar is excellent) in your papers over the entire area. Keep the you have been patient and hearty with hand. Each time the puppy attempts puppy in this area until you are sure praise, your pup should be not only to leave the yard, tell him NO, force­ he is paper trained. Each day watch his using the outdoors, but going to the fully. If he does not respond, rattle the papers, and you will discover that he door to tell you he has to go! chain in your hand. If the pup still uses one spot more than the rest. . . . Last, but not least, do be pre­ does not respond, throw the chain Slowly take up the excess papers daily, pared for a lifetime of love. When you (not at him, but in front of him). until there is paper only in the area he take a puppy into your home, let it be After a few times you will find you no prefers. Continue to keep him con­ with the idea that he is going to be a longer have to throw the chain, a mere fined until he is using only his paper. part of your life for the next ten to rattle will do it. The real success of Now he is ready to venture out in the fifteen years — with good care, possi­ keeping them in your yard lies in not rest of the house. So many people are bly even longer. No dog, regardless of taking them out of the yard! For the afraid to paper train because they lack of pedigree, need ever be "just a first several months of his life, never don't know how to make the change mutt". If you love him, he becomes leave the yard with your puppy unless over from paper to outside. It is really something, and in his eyes, you you carry him. Once you are away a very simple matter. become the world. 17 Reprinted Courtesy dvm, June 1972

A "badge" is not a "crest", and a "family crest" is not a coat of arms. A crest, however antique it may be, and a coat of arms cannot have existed until about a hundred years later than 1066. Badges go right back to the Bible. About a hundred years after the Battle of Hastings in 1066, plate-armor had developed, which involved wearing a closed helmet. With his head inside his pothelmet, the military leader became unrecognizable. To enable the ordinary soldier to recognize his leader, each had painted upon his shield a simple device in vivid color, which became his mark of individuality. Noblemen and knights had, long before the innovation of armorial bearings, employed officers of their household called Heralds and Pursuivants, among whose duties was that of introducing their master on public occasions by reciting his family history and his military accomplishments. It was also to the Heralds that the task of devising and keeping a record of arms fell, and in 1484 the Royal Heralds and Pursuivants were incorporated in a body called The College of Arms, which is still in existence. After this date, noblemen put all their armorial questions to the Royal Officers of Arms. They are Officers of the Royal Household and their titular head is, by virtue of his high hereditary Office of Earl Marshal of England, His Grace the Duke of Norfolk. A coat of arms passes from father to son as well as all offspring, both male and female; but it must reveal who, within the family, is who. In the old days, when both father and son were in battle together, to identify the son, a narrow stripe with three narrow projections was painted on the shield. This is known as a mark of difference, or of cadency, or brisuers. The brisure of a second son is a crescent; of the third, a mullet; of the fourth, a martlet, etc.

Lions

Of the animals used in heraldry, the most noble king of beasts first claims the field. Three lions have stood in the Royal Arms of England since the reign of Richard I. Henry I seems to have used a single lion - and it is significant that it was in the reign of Henry I that the first lion was seen in England in the King's menagerie at Woodstock. Henry apparently added a second lion, possibly because of his marriage with Adeliza, daughter of Godfrey of Lauvain, whose shield also bore a lion. Just as Henry I is supposed to have acquired the second lion through his marriage, so it is thought Henry II added the third when he married Eleanor of Aquitaine, whose arms were a single golden lion on red. The three lions as we know them were first used by Richard I, being placed on his seal in 1194.

The tiger is a newcomer to the shield; he is generally blazoned by the name "catamount", which is a condensed form of cat-o-the-mountains, a wild-cat, therefore a tough customer. In modern times the domestic cat comes into heraldry in the same way as every conceivable kind of dog has appeared and been blazoned by the name of the breed. However, there are only three dogs on old armorial bearings: the greyhound, the mastiff (blazoned "alant", and drawn with pricked ears) and the talbot, or huntsman's hound, drawn with drooping ears.

Other Animals

Wolves, demi-wolves and wolves' heads are common; so is the fox and the fox's head. A fox is often blazoned as a tod. When an animal's zoological description is also a surname, such as, for example, is Wolf and Fox, the animal is very likely to appear in family arms. Any coat of arms (whether by use of animals or some other device) that makes a pun on its owner's name is termed a canting coat. Some of the old ones were very witty.

Among horned cattle the deer, because of his gracefulness, his speed and beauty, in addition to his having been the paramount animal of the chase in days of old, is popular. The words stag, buck, hind and hart are inclined to be employed as if they were interchangeable, but stag ought to be reserved to mean a male red deer, buck a fallow deer, hind and hart a young deer without antlers.

Bulls, which, after stags, are the most usual cattle in the armorial field, must be drawn entire, or else an ox is indicated. Cows seldom appear; calves are more common. Rams may be recognized by their circling horns. Sheep are hornless and tailless; lambs possess a tail and have larger ears than their parents. The goat has long curved horns. The domestic hog is paid the compliment of being termed a boar, and the wild boar is a sanglier. Both the boar and the sanglier have tusks protruding from the lower jaw; each has a curled tail terminating in a tuft.

There are numerous examples of horses, and horses with riders. Comparisoned, he has a saddle cloth over his back; comparisoned and furnished, adds a saddle and a bridle. The draught-horse, often harnessed, is as popular as the more slender animal. When standing, he is described as upright; when running, either as courant, or as trotting; if the speed is a gallop, he is said to be in full career. When the horse has both hind-hooves on the ground, he is forcene, or rearing, or salient.

In heraldry, nearly every elephant carries an embattled round tower on his back, and their tusks sometimes are seen in crests. Bears are more common, and are generally shown erect, but often muzzled. Among the small animals must be mentioned both the hare and the rabbit, called coney; and the hedgehog called either herisson (from Old French) or urcheon (from Old English). The ermine, the stoat and the weasel are treated in heraldry as though they were three separate creatures. The badger has two names: either the brock, or the grey. Squirrels with their bushy tails are generally sejant. The mole is called a moldiwarp. And there are even some rats, mice, and bats.

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20 "Improvements"

Sometimes "real" animals are "improved": a lion, for example, may be given two heads, or one head may be attached to two, or even three, bodies. A lion with a pair of wings is commonly seen. A lion having the face of a man is often called simply a man-lion, seldom by his own name, a lympago. A lion who, from the waist downward, became a fish and who, to strengthen the shape-change, has webbed forepaws, is nearly always called by his own name, a morse; sometimes, however, a "sea-lion".

A winged horse is called Pegasus; a winged stag, based on the same plan, has no special name. The stallion is sometimes combined with the human form by having, in place of the horse's neck and head, the trunk, head and arms of a man. His name is Centaur, but given a bow and arrows he becomes Sagittarius. There are several combinations of a bird and a woman's head and breast, the siren is a woman to the pelvis, but has the legs and webbed feet of a sea-bird as well as, from the shoulder, a pair of long, narrow wings.

The heraldic tygre has a lion's tail, body and limbs, but it has a longer neck and this sprouts a horse's mane. The head is that of a wolf, but the upper jaw has, in place of nostrils, a long, corkscrew-like horn. Another curious composite creature is the enfield. An old writer says he has "the head of a fox, the chest of a greyhound, the talons of an eagle and the hind-legs and tail of a wolf."

The griffin is a very old form of fictitious creature, but the opinicus that is derived from it does not appear before the sixteenth century. It has an eagle's head, with ears; its neck, longer than that of a griffin, may be either feathered or scaled; all four limbs are those of a lion, but the tail is cut short. The wings are not feathered, as a bird's are, but are membranous, as ^vsn£^T«fi are those of a bat.

21 POSITIONS OF LIONS AND OTHER ANIMALS

Position Names Position Position for Lions and of of other animals Head tail

Rampant erect £ *

Salient leaping S H

Passant walking ** *^

Statant standing h*. >*

The opinicus was probably suggested by the wyvern, which Sejant has large membranous wings, but its head is doglike with a sitting snaggy hook rising from the snout. The wyvern becomes the h H dragon (pictured as being slaughtered by St. George) when it has four scaly legs, and numerous spikes, spines and snags extending from its scales. Sejant Erect A * Conclusion Couchant lying Heraldry was developed as a "language" used to visually j^ communicate not only a bearer's identity, but many other facts J^m about him. The heraldic designers were challenged by the same problems that graphic designers face today: to visually convey facts and impressions in a limited space. In some respects, they Dormant may be regarded as the forerunners of modern "trade marks", sleeping which are meant to serve a similar purpose: to immediately -*** communicate the owner's identity.

Further variations Further variations Further variations of body attitudes of head positions of tail positions

Combatant: (wild animals) Extended Regarding, or Guardant: •frr? Respectant: (wild animal) (peaceful animal)' 95* flr Nowed knotted At Gaze: Addorsed >k (peaceful animal) Coward m tail between legs * Above can be Affronte Reguardant further varied fa by a fork tail, 4 queue forche *5| 22 NEW CANINE SCOURGE:

«• By Felicia Ames Consultant Friskies Research Center and author of The Dog You Care For

dog, but this time the tiny worm not easy to spot the presence of the invades the wound and takes up resi­ worms. The dog's coat may shine and Worms are as common to dogs as dence on the dog. Here, it develops in he may appear in the best of health. mosquitoes are to swamps. Just about the subcutaneous tissue or muscles and Sometimes, though, you may notice every one of our canine friends has eventually enters the bloodstream that he appears less peppy than usual, experienced, at one time or another, through the veins, making its way to not up to his usual amount of exercise. the ravages of roundworms, hook­ the heart. Six to nine months after He may start to cough, a slight, un­ worms, tapeworms and whipworms. In they have entered the dog's flesh, the productive-type cough, so slight as the past few years, a new group has male and female heartworms begin often taken for nothing at all. The joined the roster of crawling menaces, making microfilariae. The microfilariae cough can become a hack. There is its name: heart worms. Aptly named, themselves cause no damage. The killer also, sometimes, a shortness of breath. too, for once they've gained entry into is the adult worm. When many of The doctor will take a sample of the dog's body they make for the them get into the arteries of the heart the blood, looking for the micro­ heart, where they lodge, mainly, in the and lung, the result, as we indicated filariae. He may also x-ray the heart to right ventricle and grow to a foot or above, can be deadly. With poor circu­ search for the worms. Caught early, more in length. Then, weaving about lation, the liver and kidneys can also before the number of adult worms is the heart, they eventually strangle it to become infected. great, the condition can be cured. The death. Doctors in areas where the condi­ remedy is usually in two stages. First, We say they are a recent calamity tion has become epidemic have advised arsenic is administered to kill the adult for dogs. Actually, they've been prevention as the number-one counter- worms. Where there are many worms, known for a long time in the south­ measure — which means eliminating this can be dangerous, because dead eastern coastal region of the United mosquitoes as far as is possible. Many worms can block the blood vessels. States (as well as parts of Europe and experts maintain that the spread of the After a waiting rest period, the doctor Asia), but only in the past few years worms* has a direct bearing on the attacks the microfilariae. All doctors have they been seen as far north as curtailment, in many places, of DDT caution against any treatment without Maine and as far inland as Illinois and and other mosquito-control chemical a thorough physical examination. Even Wisconsin. They are currently expand­ agents. preventive treatment is dangerous in ing their territory. After trying to get rid of the dogs where there is any disease of the Their official Latin name is mosquitoes, the next step is to keep lung or the heart. Many doctors say it Dirofilaria inmitis (evil thread), and them away from the dogs — a measure is better for some dogs to live with the that they certainly are. Veterinarians which would seem to have a better worms, keeping in mind that they can know a good deal about them beside chance than the first. There are any cause more trouble dead than alive. their name. They know, for instance, number of effective mosquito- Surgery has been used, but it is seldom that they are carried from dog to dog repellant sprays on the market. These recommended, being considered alto­ by mosquitoes, although they are un­ can be used regularly, every day. Con­ gether too risky. able to establish which mosquitoes are finement is most important. Dogs The best advice is to keep your dog the carriers. Many mosquitoes are should be brought inside, particularly away from mosquitoes. Perhaps, themselves killed by the heartworms. during the night hours when the before long, there will be a break­ Which comes first, the worm, the mosquitoes feed. Obviously, city dogs, through. We just learned of a new and dog, or the mosquito is the big ques­ used to spending most of their hours, very promising lead to the eventual tion. It would appear that the mosqui­ especially the nights, within four walls, control and eradication of heartworm to, feeding on a dog, will pick up do not run the risk their country and disease. Based on several news sources, prelarval embryos, called microfilariae. hunter cousins encounter. In the case the Journal of the A.V.M.A. (Vol. These are so small they can't be seen of dogs who are always outside, as is 161, No. 1) reports that Miss Kim without a microscope. The adult fe­ the case with many sporting hounds, Christy, a sixteen-year-old "straight male heartworm can turn out twenty mosquito netting should be provided A" Charleston, S.C. highschool thousand of these a day. They travel in to cover their sleeping quarters. sophomore, working under the the dog's bloodstream. There are other preventive steps guidance of Dr. Norman L. Garlick In the mosquito, and assuming the that can be taken, but they require a (WSU '41), "Applied an experimental mosquito is a favorable host, the veterinarian. The doctor might pre­ drug in a new way and found that it microfilariae soon change into larger scribe Caracide pills daily; he might would eliminate all microfilariae in the larvae. Several days later, they become prescribe an arsenical. Arsenicals are majority of dogs in five or six days small worms. They develop in the also used to rid the dog of the worms without inducing shock or other toxic mosquito's excretory organs, but once they have been discovered, which clinical manifestation." The drug is manage to move to the mosquito's can best be achieved by regular blood- fenthion, and it is supplied by snout when they are infectious. Now tests. If you live where there are Chemagro Corporation, Kansas City, the mosquito is back feeding on the mosquitoes, don't hesitate. It's often Mo. in an experimental formulation. 23 check and hoped I could hold it at r that. HAN'S usi mews Then, just before Christmas, a friend presented me with Tiku, a beautiful Siamese kitten with a lineage CM MM you f even longer than Tasso's and tastes correspondingly aristocratic. I adored her. . • ' From the first day of our acquain­ V " tance, she indicated that she despised ! canned cat food. A delicate piece of ' sole or tender breast of chicken were to her taste. Then she discovered crab. And shrimp. Both given her on her birthday;, in what must have been my weakest moment. From then on, every day had to be a birthday for Tiku. . Completely enslaved by that cat, \ ' powerless to control the situation that . had developed, I went from bad to s\ worse. With my new blender came a recipe for chicken liver pate. I knew Bob enjoyed chicken liver pate and couldn't wait to tempt him with it. Tiku thought it superb - as an appe­ tizer for her main course of crab or shrimp. I I lived in dread that the markets would run out of these delicacies. ! Frantically I filled my freezer with I I \ what were now the necessities of life — for Tasso and Tiku. As the standard of living of our pets improved, ours de­ By Isobel Langer every evening before dinner I began to generated. Our bank balance was al­ If you've often wondered who buys feel vaguely uneasy. "What's the life ways dangerously low. We gave up all King Crab at $4.45 a pound, shrimp at expectancy of Dobermans?" I asked hope of building the sun deck as $2.98 and smoked oysters at $.69 for Bob. He considered the question. planned. Tasso and Tiku had long ago a small can, I'll tell you. / buy them. If "About nine years, I'd guess, give eaten the down payment on a swim­ you've had difficulty finding chicken or take a year or so." ming pool. I reflected that banks livers in the supermarket, it's because I grabbed my kitchen memo pad probably don't grant loans to feed they're all in my freezer. and did some feverish figuring. "That's pets. Maybe you, too, pay that exorbi­ three thousand, two hundred and Ultimately we would have had to tant price for crab? My guess is — you eighty seven days, including Leap default on our mortgage payments, have a pet cat. If you own more than Year." I waited for his reaction. None but the life span of most animals is one, Heaven help your budget. And if came. I returned to my arithmetic. shorter than man's and the time came your household includes a gourmet "At $.69 a can, we'll have spent when we no longer had our pets. It has dog, it's a safe bet you're living $2268.03." I paused. "Just for been a period of prosperity for us. We beyond your income. The surest way oysters!" have a sizeable amount of cash left to reduce your bank balance to zero is "For Heaven's sake, we're not going over every month. I've bought my new to be a sucker for animals. to give him oysters every day," Bob coat. We put a down payment on a Our descent to near poverty began protested. "He'll tire of that. Why new car. the evening that Bob, my husband, don't we try cheese sometimes? Get But — funny thing, the coat is no brought a certain Baron Manfried von the imported — Danish blue. I like that substitution for the soft furriness of Tassinger home to live with us. The cheese. So, it was soon evident, did Tiku as she lay on my lap, purring her Baron was a magnificent Doberman Tasso. appreciation; I felt warmer when I Pinscher whom we called Tasso for Although my common sense used to go racing down the hill with short. When they arrived, I was open­ warned me to put a stop to their daily Tasso on a cold day in winter. ing a can of oysters I meant to serve orgies, I couldn't. It was such a heart­ The supermarkets report that they before dinner as a special treat for warming picture. A man and his dog! have suffered a decline in sales of Bob. And, of course, the oysters. Bob justi­ certain luxury items. Let me assure "Let's try him with one, just for fied these 'little appetizers' by remind­ them that the loss is only temporary. the fun of it," I suggested. ing me that Tasso's main meal con­ You see, I have my eye on two sweet Tasso loved that oyster. So I gave sisted of a nourishing, approved dog little kittens that need a good home. him another . . . then another. We food. And I heard that Bob has been haunting laughed. It was fun! We didn't know My grocery bills sky-rocketed. As I the local pet shop just to admire a St. we'd just taken the first step towards saw my carefully structured budget Bernard that he seems to find our financial ruin. That first oyster trembling, I began to shore it up with irresistible. taught Tasso that there were culinary frequent supports from my own, pri­ The markets will soon be out of joys hitherto unknown to him and he vate kitty. I realized that I could their doldrums. They had better lay in meant to savor every one of them. At forget about the new coat I'd been a good stock of crab (King), cheese our expense. promising myself. I began to add a few (Imported, blue), and oysters After a week of these oyster snacks dollars to my monthly housekeeping (smoked). I'm on my way over! 24 Many small wild birds die of cold if peckers and creepers of assorted kinds they cannot maintain body tempera­ are partial to "animal food" that tures with an adequate amount of simulates their natural diet of bugs, GUESTS food. A coating of snow or ice seals worms and other insects. For these use off most natural food. So during suet and chopped meat. For finches particularly cold periods, your kindly and other seed-eaters use all sorts of at "handouts" will keep them alive until seeds. Sunflower seeds seem to be a warmer weather comes along. universal favorite with many species. Once you start feeding birds near Bread crumbs are welcome if nothing your your home or on your windowsill, it is else is available. (Many seed birds also only fair to keep it up through the enjoy dry Friskies.) winter. Don't accustom birds to find­ Roofs over feeding trays and window ing food at a certain place and then stations protect the food, but some abandon the station just because the birds refuse to feed under a roof. weather is bad or you don't feel like Others hesitate a long time before putting out any more. Keep the becoming bold enough to use the stations replenished as long as the roofed feeders. If you hang feeding birds come there, or at least until trays from a tree use a heavy wire and natural food is once more available in lower the unit at least two feet from > the spring. the branch. Attach a metal baffle How to get them to come, how and above it to prevent cats and squirrels what to feed them is amazingly simple, from reaching it. and lots of fun. A wire-mesh suet-feeder can be If there are trees close to your easily made by rolling wire mesh house, you have an advantage from the around a piece of suet, then beginning, for the foliage provides suspending it from a branch or line. natural protection and handy landing The birds love to hang on to the mesh fields for diners awaiting their turn at and peck through it. the table. Birds avoid stations or Birds appreciate a container of feeders that lack proper cover. They water next to the food on their feed­ fear hawks and other enemies which ing tray. This may be a small tin cut may strike them down while they are down to about an inch in height. (You feeding in the open. If there is no can use a sardine tin.) Keep it filled natural cover in your garden, pile up with water. Thaw it out if it freezes in branches close to the feeders. extreme cold. m If birds hesitate, at first, to come You might try photographing the ••• close to your house or windows, birds on your window-ledge feeding- mount your feeding trays away from tray. Just measure the distance, focus the windows. After the birds have fed your camera and wait until the gang there for a few days move the feeders arrives for lunch. You can get excel­ closer, either to trees nearer to the lent photos, and not even a photo- house or suspended from wires along flash will keep them away very long. which the feeders can be moved. Once in a while, a summer bird whT Usually if you put food out, it will stay around all winter if he is sure of a By Paul Brock attract any birds around your home. steady meal. And once they have found the food Every variety of bird has his own Feeding wild birds on your own there, they will be steady customers - approach, and you'll learn to recognize windowsill or in your own garden even during the summer when natural the differences. The blue jays, for offers two-fold pleasure. Not only do food is plentiful and can easily be instance, will come early in the morn­ you have the fun of meeting really found by the birds. ing and stuff themselves. They may nice feathered folk, but you also have For feeding birds almost any re­ even muster enough courage to return the satisfaction of knowing you may ceptacle will do if it holds seeds, gives later in the day. Blue jays are natural be saving some of those little bundles a bird a chance to land and stand, and actors. They make a dozen false passes of feathers from starvation — if winter can be easily refilled. Practically any at the tray, and then, when they is severe. kind of small wooden box will suffice finally do land, they are so busy being All kinds of wild birds have a - the kind used for cigars, for in­ suspicious that they often fly off difficult time after a snow storm or if stance, or packed fish. Metal boxes are without a seed. They depart scream­ the weather is extremely cold. They not as good, for birds find them hard ing, as though they suspect the devil need food, and they'll be less wary of to cling to with their claws. Use boxes himself is after them. your garden "restaurant" if you set up with low sides so that the bird won't A missing tail feather may set one your feeding station before these feel enclosed while feeding. Two-inch bird apart from the others so that you emergencies arise. Unless birds are sides should be about the maximum - can recognize him if he keeps return­ already in the habit of coming to your unless one side is open completely. ing. Or a particular bird may sit in one station, they may not find it when Feeding stations may be hung on to corner of the box while feeding. they need it most. branches, or on to wires or cord Some will always approach from a Naturalists agree that winter feed­ stretched between the house and a certain direction or carry their seeds to ing should begin in October or tree, or nailed to branches and trunks a special branch. In one way or November before the winter weather of trees (unless there are cats in the another, they are as different as really begins. This will give the birds neighborhood) or placed upon a people. several weeks to find and become used windowsill or porch rail. By helping protect wild birds, you to your offerings and to pass the word As to food, it all depends on the also help to protect the balance of ("chirp") around. birds you wish to attract. Wood­ nature and the beauty of it. 25 no rat poison for dogs ! By John A. White

Horrified, I saw Finis, our blonde Now i needed professional help that the poison was a year old and that cocker spaniel, licking up rat poison in from our veterinarian and fast. the dog had eaten only a small a remote corner of our garage! I yelled to my wife in the kitchen, amount. Whenever Finis entered the garage, "Telephone the vet. Finis just ate rat "It takes only a small amount for a to or from the back yard and house, I poison." She dialed the number im­ fatal dose and it will not show for always watched him carefully to see mediately and waited for me to come three days to a week. Bring him to me that he went quickly and directly, and inside the house. right away." did not go near the poison I had Quickly, I wet a clean rag, wiped I drove the car while my wife held spread to control mice. This time, I his muzzle and tried to get as many Finis on a leash. With all speed and stopped at my tool shelf and neglected residual crumbs from his tongue and caution, we delivered him to the veter­ him for perhaps 15 seconds. I turned mouth as possible. I then went inside inarian in 30 minutes from the time he to see him eagerly eating and licking and explained the emergency to the swallowed the poison. up the deadly granules. I chased him veterinarian's telephone receptionist. "Well clean his stomach to make outside the garage to the enclosed Dr. Mack came on the phone immed­ him vomit. Come back in three hours entrance way and safety. iately and I gave him details, including and I believe you can take him home."

Watch what your pup eats! Let him enjoy a tasty bone, not a toxic helping of poison or pesticide. Photo by John Bright On returning, I showed the rat bait to Dr. Mack. He examined the direc­ tions and warning on its label. PATENTED ACTION "This contains the deadly in­ gredient, warfarin, which acts as a blood anticoagulant to prevent blood from clotting. It causes internal hem­ orrhages and causes death because you can't see the bleeding internally." He went on to explain, "I immedi­ ately gave him an injection of APO- MORPHINE to make him vomit - ^^ automatic then an enema in reverse to clean out the entire digestive tract through the stomach and make him regurgitate more. I also injected Vitamin K to FISHFEEDER help counteract the warfarin effect. for Now, take these Vitamin K tablets and 95 give him one tomorrow morning and FLAKE OR GRANULAR FOOD another in the evening." '15 Cautioning me, "We cannot take this lightly. It's very serious, and your dog still isn't out of danger. Bring him in day after tomorrow so I can take a look at him." Finis frisked when we brought him home. In a half hour he started to limp on his left leg. Alarmed, I called Dr. :r Mack immediately. "Normal. Don't worry. I gave him the shot there but it will wear off." Finis became listless, lay on his FEED YOUR pillow and looked sorrowful. He did eat his dinner with no loss of appetite. FISH ONCE That night, we allowed him the forbid­ A MONTH ! ! den luxury of staying with us in the bedroom. When a dog feels bad, he The new "SNAP" fish feeder is designed to automate wants company, attention and petting. the daily feeding operation for your aquarium pets. Having done everything we could, we Made of durable CYCOLAC plastic it is virtually prayed. indestructible under normal conditions. Simple to install The next morning we rejoiced to and adjust-yet will run month after month unattended. find him his active self. I wrapped the Uses minimum space. Food will not cake or stick. first Vitamin K pill in a little meat to Amount of food dispensed is adjustable to suit your make sure he would swallow. Like­ needs. Holds a minimum full-charge supply of food for wise, he took the other with his 30 days single feeding, refilled easily. Can be set to evening meal. A day later we took him feed once or twice a day. Dispenses all types of for the first examination. commercial fish food-flake or granular. Distinct "What do I look for, doctor?" "SNAP" action summons the fish at feeding time. Dr. Mack lifted the dog's lips. "See, "SNAP" is operated by a UL approved timing motor they are pink and look healthy. He's (one year guarantee) using 110 Volt A.C. 60 Cycle doing fine and I'll give another Vita­ house current. Units for 220 Volt, 50 Cycles available. min K shot, this time in both rear legs All mechanical parts are guaranteed for 5 years. to reduce the pain. Let me see him in two days." An hour after we returned home, INTERNATIONAL MERCHANDISE MART, INC. Finis developed the same listless P. O. BOX 1621 symptom. This time, we knew what to SHREVEPORT, LOUISIANA 71164 expect. Sure enough, the next morning he looked and acted normally. I Please send me the "SNAP" automatic fish feeder. If examined his gums and lips and not fully satisfied I will return it within 10 days for a noticed a reddening but no blood. At full refund. the veterinarian's i examination the following day I inquired further... D I enclose $15.95. "He's OK. You look for a whiten­ ing of the gums and lips for evidence of broken blood vessels."Again, Dr. Name Mack allayed our fears. The final visit came three days later Address — one week after the terrifying incident. City, State, Zip "Your dog is perfect." Next day, Finis was barking furiously at the postman. VETERINARIANS do more than treat sick pets

Louise Van Der Meid Photo

Davis investigators find that the horse is ideal subject for research on chronic pulmonary emphysema.

DAVIS - In 1970 there were ap­ medicine requires more and more year classes in veterinary medicine. proximately 26,000 veterinarians in trained professionals to meet the grow­ Dean Pritchard states, "The school's the United States. 42,000 will be ing needs of our society," Pritchard enrollment has expanded over the needed by 1980 according to the states. "At present, it is estimated that years without the addition of any new National Academy of Sciences. a shortage of at least 750 veterinarians buildings. Our present teaching facil­ Why will we need almost double exists in California alone." ity, Haring Hall, is extremely over­ the present number of veterinarians by UC Davis operates the only school crowded and lacks proper laboratory the end of the decade? of veterinary medicine in the State. It space. "Most people think of veterinarians is one of less than twenty veterinary "Proposition 2 is absolutely critical exclusively in terms of caring for the schools across the nation. to the continued development of the health of our pets and livestock. In "There are 94 students in our enter­ veterinary program and it is quite fact, veterinarians fulfill numerous ing class this fall who were selected possible that if the new building is not vital functions in the protection and from more than 500 qualified appli­ constructed, we cannot continue at advancement of the health and welfare cants. With our existing facilities, the 94-student class size because we of both man and animals," says which were originally built to accom­ are using on a temporary basis, class­ William R. Pritchard, dean of the modate classes of 40, we are able to rooms elsewhere on campus that really School of Veterinary Medicine at the produce only 25 to 30 percent of the weren't constructed for that purpose. University of California, Davis. professionals needed in California each "We are in the process of develop­ He continues, "Veterinarians carry year. Thus, at a time when a severe ing some temporary facilities that we out a variety of duties in our society. shortage of veterinarians exists, we are will be leasing, but this can't be done The profession safeguards the health forced to turn away hundreds of quali­ indefinitely. We just don't have the and productivity of food-producing fied students for lack of space," funds to do it," Pritchard emphasizes. livestock industries; protects labora­ Pritchard says. "My concern for expanding our tory animals essential to research; Passage of Proposition 2, the $156 training and research facilities stems looks after the health of wild and zoo million Health Sciences Facilities bond from the fact that our profession is animals important to maintaining the issue on the November ballot, will uniquely capable of profoundly affect­ ecological balance; protects humans enable the school to increase its class ing the health and economy of the from scores of animal diseases that size from 94 to 128. Total enrollment total world society. also affect people; and contributes will grow from 437 to 738 students, an "One extremely important area of significantly to the conquest of major increase of 69 percent. work for veterinarians is that of com­ human health threats such as cancer Proposition 2 will provide the funds parative medicine," the dean says. and heart disease. to construct a classroom and labora­ "For every disease of man a similar "The expanding role of veterinary tory building for the first and second and sometimes identical disease exists

28 in some animal species. Many of these 'animal disease models' are better THE PET PRIDE PEOPLE suited for studies on the disease than YOU QAN'T PUT A PRICE TAG ON LOVE are corresponding diseases in man him­ self." A Cat is not a cheap commodity! An astounding number of people have been For example, researchers at UC contacting Pet Pride recently asking for financial assistance for their pets for enteritis Davis are studying viruses that cause shots, neutering and spaying and emergency treatment. These people say they just can't leukemia in chickens, cats, and afford to see a veterinarian although their kitty may be sick and in desperate need of monkeys. These systems provide excel­ treatment. lent opportunities for investigating We understand that there are many people, especially older people, who are living on a very low income. There are several organizations that will help these people with their this disease with a view towards over­ cats. These people on fixed incomes would gladly pay if only they could. coming leukemia in humans, according Then there is the next group who are economically self-supporting but who hesitate to Pritchard. Numerous respiratory to pay the Veterinarian fees. These people will have to learn that the cost of having a pet diseases in animals are similar to may seem high at first, but really is it? A Veterinarian has spent a good ten years of his human respiratory afflictions. Davis life preparing for his profession. He has professional skill and advice to give which are investigators have found that the horse invaluable to our small animals. We must think enough of our cats to be willing to pay is an ideal subject for research on for their medical services. We would not deprive our children of this service. chronic pulmonary emphysema, since A cat depends on humans for love, food and care, just as a small child and it is the horse lung has been shown to most important as a Pet Owner to realize the responsibility of caring for a house pet. If you closely resemble changes in the lung of really love your furry friend, there is no reason why kitty can not be included in your man. budget. The many hours of warmth and companionship Numerous other animal diseases are that I share with my lovely bunch of delightful rascals currently under investigation at UC more than compensates for the expense of a medical Davis including degenerative nervous w bill. They are my loyal friends and part of the family. disorders similar to multiple sclerosis in man, arthritis, epilepsy, muscular Joanne Curtis, dystrophy, and kidney disease. Pet Pride Volunteer Veterinarians also protect human health from animal diseases that are 213/459-1703 Pacific Palisades, Calif. 90272 transmissible to man, the zoonoses. There are over 150 zoonotic diseases, such as rabies, malaria, yellow fever, bovine rhinotrachetitis. Veterinary vided by milk, meat and eggs because plague and typhus fever, that are scientists showed that the disease was scientific principles of disease control directly transmitted from animals to caused by a virus, and they were then and animal production are not used. people or are spread through foods. able to produce an effective vaccine. For example, in large areas of central Many of these infections cannot be Pritchard emphasizes that without and eastern Africa, cattle suffer from prevented in man except through their this vaccine the modern, efficient beef trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) control in animals. For example, a few feedlots and dairies would not be pos­ which is spread by the tsetse fly. If years ago, 6,000 new cases of sible. He stated, "The vaccine protects this disease were conquered, livestock brucellosisi in man were diagnosed beef cattle having a total value of $20 production could be increased by 200 each year in the U.S. Because veteri­ billion and has permitted an increase million head. narians were able to effectively control in annual beef production between "Animal diseases are the most im­ this disease in cattle, now fewer than 1946 and 1969 of from 9.4 billion portant limitations to animal produc­ 200 new cases occur in man each year. pounds to 21.2 billion pounds, and per tion in many developing countries. Further protection to human health capita consumption from 61 pounds Veterinarians can play a key role in is provided by veterinarians working in to 110 pounds. This is of great signifi­ solving the world food supply local, state, and federal government cance to the improved nutrition of problem," Pritchard concludes. public health agencies. Veterinarians people in this country and to those -Carolyn Sax set standards for determining if meat, receiving our beef and dairy exports. poultry, and milk are acceptable for Since beef accounts for 25 percent of Reprinted courtesy UC News, Berkeley, human consumption. They also are our agricultural production it is also of October 31, 1972. responsible for seeing that food is free great importance to our economy. from chemical contaminants. For in­ "Many of the more common stance, if drugs are given to food diseases affecting our animals and live­ HERE . ..KITTY-CAT animals to stimulate their growth, stock have been brought under control veterinarians must determine if the in the United States. However, ANSWERS edible products derived from treated veterinarians must devote their re­ continued from page 8 animals are safe for human use. search talents to controlling diseases Control of animal diseases not only found in other countries, both to 1. CATsup protects human health but directly improve human world health and nu­ 2. CATastrophe benefits man as a consumer and the trition and to protect our own live­ 3. CATnip economy as a whole. The discovery of stock. the cause and the development of a "The recent spread of Venezuelan 4. CATerpillar vaccine for infectious bovine rhino- Equine Encephalomyelitis, a disease in 5. CATacomb trachetitis by UC Davis researchers is horses which originated in South an excellent example. America, clearly shows that our re­ 6. CATaract Modern cattle management requires search in animal disease is not 7. CATapult the gathering of large numbers of finished," he adds. cattle in small areas for fattening or "More than half of the world's 8. CATegory milking. Such crowding, however, re­ population is hungry or malnourished. 9. CATalog sulted in rapid spread of the serious Many nations receive no more than 10. CATtle and often fatal respiratory disease, half the needed animal protein pro­

29 Cl FO

How much cereal There's not in your a speck of cereal "meaty" dog food? in ALPO Beef. (read the label) (read our label) A dog food may say "meaty" on the front, but it's the fine print on the back that tells you what's really in the can. There you find things like cereals, grains, grits, flours and gravy. All trying to look like meat. And they may be charging meat prices. You won't find cereal listed on an ALPO Beef label. Because ALPO doesn't have a speck of cereal in the can. Just chunks of good red beef and meat-by-products. Plus every vitamin and mineral dogs and growing puppies need. With ALPO, you don't pay meat prices for cereal. You get all the meat you pay for. All the meat your dogs love. If your dog food promises meat but delivers cereal, shouldn't you switch to ALPO?

1973 Allen Products Co Inc Allentown. Pa