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Abacterial Cystititis, 276 Abacterial Prostatitis, 236 Abdominal

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Index Abacterial cystititis, 276 Albuginea, tear of, 145 Abacterial prostatitis, 236 Albuginitis constrictive, 141 Abdominal neoplasm, 141, 155 Alcock canal. See Pudendal canal syndrome Abdominal pain, 212 Alfuzosin, 187 Abdominoperineal repair, approach to RUF, 346 Allergic contact dermatitis, 58 Abscesses, 136 Allergic vulvitis, 260 Acetaminophen, 157, 316–317, 386 Allopurinol, 158 Acetominophen, 250 Allylamine, 67 Acitretin (Soriatane), 61 Alosetron, 123–124 Acrolein-induced hemorrhagic cystitis, 354 Alpha-2a adrenergic receptors, 12 Actinomycosis, 143 Alpha blockers, 187, 189 Acupressure, 329, 332 Alpha interferon, 267 Acupuncture, 158, 188, 207, 268, 278, 294, Alternative medical systems, 328–329 329, 332 Alternative medicine, 326 Acute anterior uveitis, 129 Alum bladder instillation, for hematuria Acute bacterial prostatitis (ABP), treatment, 361 165–166, 176 Alum irrigation, 359 clinical presentation, 167 Amenorrhoea, 130 differential diagnosis, 167 Amicar, 359 evaluation, 169 Amikacin, 157 treatment, 169–170 Aminocaproic acid, for hematuria treatment, Acute cystitis, 102 359–360 Acute idiopathic scrotal edema, 140, 151 Aminoglycoside–penicillin combination, 103 Acute menstrual pain, 329 Amiodarone, 141, 153 Acute pain Amitriptyline, 43, 189, 207, 244, 246, 262, 288, hyperalgesia, 5 319–320 neuropathic pain, 5 Amoxicillin, 87 neurophysiology of, 4–8 Amphotericin B, 104, 381 nocioceptive mechanisms, 4–5 Ampicillin, 104, 170 pathways, 4–5 Amyloidosis, and hemorrhagic cystitis, 358 pelvic neuroanatomy, 5–7 Anabolic steroids, 356 pelvic nocioception and convergence, Analgesic adjunct medications, for treatment of 7–8 pelvic pain, 317–319 Acute pancreatitis, 32 Anatomic obstruction, 171 Acute polyarthritis, 129 Androgen deprivation, 187 Acute pyelonephritis, 167 Aneurysms, 140, 150–151 Acute renal carbuncle, 23 Angiokeratoma of Fordyce, 69 Acute scrotum, 138 Aniline, 356–358 Acute trauma, 140 Ankylosing spondylitis, 129, 276 Acyclovir, 81, 265 Anorectal pain, 107–114 Adductor tendinitis, 141, 152 anal pathology, 110 Adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS), 92 definition and classification, 108–109 Adenomatoids tumors, 144 etiology, 109–111 Adenovirus, 11, 353, 356 evaluation, 111–112 393 394 Index extraluminal causes, 109 incidence of, 166 idiopathic, 111 pathogenesis, 168 intraluminal causes, 109 prognosis, 170 management, 112–114 treatment, 169–171 neurologic causes, 110–111 Bacterial vaginosis (BV), 78 pelvic floor disorders, 111–112 Bacterial venereal diseases, 78 pelvic floor dyssynergia, 111, 114 Bacteriuria, 378–379 postoperative, 111 Balanitis, 58–59, 63–64 Anti-sperm antibodies, 202 Balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO), 63 Antibiotic therapy, 103, 278 Barbiturates, 65 Anticonvulsants, 242, 257, 265, 295, 315, 317–320 Basal cell carcinoma, 70 Antihistamines, 59 BDNF, 12 Antimicrobial therapy, 104, 169–170, 172, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), 290 185, 379 Beck’s cognitive theory, of depression, 219 Antiproliferative protein factor (APF), 236 Bee pollen therapy, 188 Anxiety, 216–217, 230, 285, 290–291, 294 Behavioral therapy, 269 Appendicitis, 141, 154 Behcet’s syndrome, 80 Arachadonic acid, 331 Behcet’s disease, 61 Arachidonic acid metabolites, 12 Bell-clapper deformity, 148–149 Arithromyocine, 89 Belladonna-opium, 359 Arterial embolization, 23 Bentyl, 122 Arthralgia, 167 Benzocaine, 59 Arthritis, 87 Benzodiazepines, 206 history taking in patients with, 128–129 Benzthiazide penicillin G, 84 inflammation and, 128–130 Benzylamine, 67 Artificial urinary sphincter (AUS), 389–390 Beta interferon, 267 Ascending urethral infection, 168 Bichloroacateic acid (BCA), 01–92 Aspergillus fumigatus, 356 Bilateral scrotal pain, 41 Aspirin, 316, 357, 359, 382 Biofeedback therapy, 113–114, 244, 263, 267, Asymmetric oligoarthritis, 129 269, 278, 295, 306, 327–328, 332 Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU), 104, 379–380 Biokit HSV-2, 79 Atherosclerosis, 202 Biologically based therapies, 330–332 Atquín-Flaitz syndrome, 155 Biomedical and biopsychosocial model (BPSM) Autonomic nervous system, 6 of pain, 212, 215–216, 219–220, 225 Autonomic stimulation, 42 BK virus, 353, 356 Autonomous pain syndrome, 185 Bladder cancers, 236, 238, 354 ® Aventyl , 262 Bladder dysfunction, 128, 369 Axial arthritis, 129 Bladder hydrodistension, 241–240 Axis I psychiatric disorder, 284 Bladder neck dysfunction, 171 Ayurveda medical systems, 328 Bladder neck sclerosis, 188 Azithromycin, 83, 85–87, 88, 278 Blastomycosis infection, 65 Azole cream, 66–67 Bone anchor sling, 368–370 Azospermia, 205 Bone marrow transplantation, 353 Botox injection, 48–49, 116, 262 Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), 92, 247 Botulinum toxin A, 244, 262, Back mouse (episacroiliac lipoma), 42, 266–267, 278 51–52 Brachytherapy (BT), 338 Bacteremia, 98, 104 Bradykinins, 5, 13, 138 Bacterial cystitis, 238, 352 Bromelain, 189 Bacterial infections, 62 Brucellar epididymo-orchitis, 140, 143 Bacterial prostatitis (BP) Bulbourethral sling procedure, 368 acute. See Acute bacterial prostatitis (ABP) Bulking agents, 123 chronic. See Chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP) Bupivacaine, 44, 46, 50, 207 etiology, 166 Buprenorphine, 321 evaluation, 167–171 Burkholderia pseudomallei, 183 Index 395 Burning vulva syndrome, 258, 285. See also Cernilton N, 188 Vulvodynia Cervarix, 92 Busulfan (1,4-butanediol dimethanesulfonate), Cervical cancers, 354 356–357 Cervical disk disease, 20 Butoconazole, 90 Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), 92 Butorphanol, 321 Cervicitis, 85–86 Charncroid, 77–78, 79, 82 Calcipotriene cream, 61 Chemical toxins, induced hemorrhagic cystitis, Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), 357–358 5, 246 Chemotherapy, 354, 362 Calcium glycerophosphate, 237 Chinese herbs, 188 Calcium polycarbophil, 123 Chlamydia, 129, 182, 186, 276–277 Campylobacter, 129 infection, 65, 84, 88, 100 Cancer, 147, 155, 260 trachomatis, 78, 86–87, 182 Candida, 260 Chlamydia trachomatis, 78, 85–86, 88, 182 Candida albicans, 12, 65, 90, 352, Chlordimeform, 358 356, 381 Chlorhexadine (Hibiclens), 69 Candida glabrata, 352, 381 Chlorhexidine, 382 Candida tropicalis, 352, 381 Chlorpromazine, 157 Candidal infections, 65 Choriocarcinoma, 140, 144 Candidal vulvovaginitis, 65 Chronic appendicitis, 117 Candidiasis, 65, 259 Chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP), 170–173, Candiduria, 381 176–177, 212 Capsagel®, 262 clinical presentation, 170–171 Capsaicin, 248, 262, 266, 278 differential diagnosis, 171 Carbemazepine, 157, 265, 318 evaluation, 171–173 Carbenicillin, 356 management, 171–172 Carboprost, 362 pathogenesis, 168 Carotid zone, pain in, 139 prognosis, 170 Carotidynia, 139 Chronic epididymitis, 140, 143 Carpal tunnel syndrome, 39 Chronic fatigue syndrome, 131 Castration, 136 Chronic genitourinary pain, 207 Catch-up vaccination, 93 Chronic headache, 217 Catheter-associated bacteremia, 380 Chronic idiopathic anorectal pain, Catheter-associated urinary tract infection 107–109, 114 (CAUTI), 381 Chronic nonbacterial prostatitis, 171 microbiology of, 381 Chronic orchialgia, 143 prevention of, 381–383 Chronic pain. See Chronic pelvic pain bacterial interference, 382–383 Chronic pelvic pain, 3, 7–16, 50, 118–119, 122, biofilm disruption, 382 125, 131, 139, 170–171, 328 Catheter-related infections, 104 central nervous system vulnerability, 10 CD4+ T-cell, 184 central sensitization, 8 Cefazolin, 372 convergence, 10 Cefixime, 88 genetics, 12 Cefotaxime, 88 hormonal contributors, 11–12 Cefoxitin, 88 inflammation and immune factors, 12 Ceftizoxime, 88 loss of inhibitory control, 9–10 Ceftriaxone, 83, 86, 88 mechanisms, 9–10 Celecoxib, 316 peripheral sensitization, 8 Central nervous system (CNS), 4, 10 sympathetic activation, 9 Central poststroke pain, 318 wind-up response, 8 Central sensitization, 8, 131–132 Chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS), 142, 175, Cephalosporin, 86, 88, 157 175–176, 207. See also Chronic prostatitis Cerebral disrrhythmia, 152 (CP); Interstitial cystitis (IC) Cernilton, 332 Stanford Protocol for, 229–232 396 Index Chronic prostatitis (CP), 140, 144, 207, 327 Ciprofloxacin, 83, 186 biomedical model, 213–216 Circinate balanitis, 129–131 biopsychosocial data, 219–220 Circumscribed pain disorders, 289 challenge for men in therapy, 223–224 Cirrhosis, 141, 155 classification, 176–177 Citalopram, 320 cognitive-behavioural symptom management Citrobacter sp., 99–100, 370–371 program for, 220–223 Clindamycin, 61, 90, 168 depression and anxiety symptoms, 216–217 Clobetasol, 265 diagnosis, 179–181 Clomipramine, 320 clinical presentation, 179 Clonidine, 114 investigations, 180–181 Clorpactin WCS-90, 246 recommendations for evaluation, 179 Clostridium, 129 epidemiology, 177–179 Clostridium difficile colitis, 382 etiology, 181–185, 212 Clotrimazole, 66, 90 autonomous pain syndrome, 185 Coccidioidomycosis, 143 chlamydia, 182 Coccydynia, 40 dysfunctional voiding, 184 Coccygeal region, 41 gram-negative bacteria, 181–182 Coccygodynia, 107–109, 112, 114, 139 gram-positive bacteria, 182 Coccyx, pain in, 139 infection, 181–183 Codeine, 321 inflammation and immune dysregulation, Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), 183–184 220–221, 294 interstitial cystitis, 184–185 Cognitive Behavioural-Symptom Management intraprostatic pressure, 184 Program (CB-SMP), 220–223 micro-organisms, 183–185 Cognitive-behavioural theory, 220 multifactorial etiology, 185 Cognitive theory, of depression, 219 Mycoplasma, 182–183 Coital pain, 290, 294 neuromuscular spasm syndrome, 185 Coliform bacteria, 168 management of pain associated with, 250 Colon, diverticular disease of, 117 pathology, 212 Colorectal cancer, 117, 122 psychological comorbidity in, 216–218 Complementary
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