TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY 3.8.1 Environmental Setting 1) Master Plan and Urban Renewal Plan A. Terrestrial Resources the Master Plan A
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TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY 3.8 TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY 3.8.1 Environmental Setting 1) Master Plan and Urban Renewal Plan A. Terrestrial Resources The Master Plan and Urban Renewal Plan project area is predominantly comprised of urban land consisting of developed land or vacant urban lots that are located in a metropolitan setting. The following presents a general overview of the terrestrial (animal and plant) resources within the project area. B. Animal and Plant Species The developed and urban nature of the project area has resulted in the elimination of most of the natural vegetation and wildlife within the project area. The remaining vegetation consists primarily of mowed lawns, a mixture of ornamental and native flowers, shrubs, and trees used for landscaping, cultivated open space areas such as Grant Park, Smith Park, and Doyle Park, and limited urban pioneering species that have cropped up on vacant parcels throughout the project area. However, within the Project Area one significant area of natural open space exists just south of Ashburton Avenue along and south of the Old Croton Aqueduct Trailway. This area consists of dense woodland and native shrubs and grasses. The Old Croton Aqueduct Trailway is a 26-mile trail that runs along the west side of Westchester County, and is in many areas a linear park used for walking, cycling, photography, birdwatching, and other recreation. The trail lies atop a masonry tunnel that once brought drinking water to New York City from upstate communities. In Yonkers, the OCA trail can be found in Lenoir Park, Untermyer Park, Tibbetts Brook Park, and close to the Hudson River Museum and the 300- year old Philipse Manor Hall. It traverses the southern edge of the Ashburton Avenue project area. Here, most of the trail lies below view and is in disrepair. The following native or introduced plant species are expected to occur within the project area based on their tolerance to urban conditions: red maple (Acer rubrum); Norway maple (Acer platanoides); white ash (Fraxinus americana); white oak (Quercus alba); pin oak (Quercus palustris); American elm (Ulmus americana); apple (Malus sp.); white birch (Betula papyrifera); tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima); black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia); white pine (Pinus strobus); eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis); blue spruce (Picea pungens); juniper (Juniperus communis); yew (Taxus canadensis); rhododendron (Rhododendron sp.); flowering dogwood (Cornus florida); silky dogwood (Cornus amomum) rose (Rosa sp.); and rose-of-sharon (Hibiscus syriacus). ASHBURTON AVENUE/ MULFORD GARDENS FEIS February 2006 Page 3.8-1 TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY As presented above a number of native and introduced plant species exist within the project area. These plant communities exist within urbanized developed areas (lawns, parks, vacant lots), as well as within the limited natural areas present within the site accommodating a variety of wildlife species. Wildlife using the project area can be classified into two categories: year round residents and occasional or potential users. Residents include small mammals, common birds and a limited number of reptiles and amphibians. Occasional or potential users consist primarily of transient birds which use the site as a stopping point along their migration corridor. Specifically, wildlife species found or expected to occur within the project area include those typically associated with an urban environment. The following is a partial list of typical wildlife species expected to occur within the project area: 1. Mammals - raccoon (Procyon lotor); opossum (Didelphis virginiana); eastern chipmunk (Eutamias sp.); Gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis); striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis); house mouse (Mus musculus); meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicum); Star-nosed mole (Codylura cristata); eastern mole (Scalopus aquaticus); and woodchuck (Marmota monax). 2. Reptiles - garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis); and brown snake (Storeria dekayi). 3. Amphibians - American toad (Bufo americanus). 4. Birds - downy woodpecker (Picoides pubescens); Robin (Turdus migratorius); mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos); Crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos); Blue jay (Cyanocitta cristata); cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis); mourning dove (Zenaida macroura), chickadee (Parus spp.); and nuthatch (Sitta spp.). C. Threatened & Endangered Species According to correspondence received from the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) Natural Heritage Program, dated July 19, 2005, there are no known occurrences of rare or protected animals, plants, significant natural communities, or significant habitat on or in the immediate vicinity of the project area. A copy of the DEC correspondence is included as Appendix F. In addition, the project area is not located within any designated critical environmental areas (CEAs); there are no CEAs located within the City of Yonkers. As defined by New York State, a CEA is any geographical area of exceptional or unique environmental characteristics that make it an important area to the local community. Specifically, to be designated as a CEA, an area must have an exceptional or unique character with respect to one or more of the following: ASHBURTON AVENUE/ MULFORD GARDENS FEIS February 2006 Page 3.8-2 TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY • a benefit or threat to human health; • a natural setting (e.g., fish and wildlife habitat, forest and vegetation, open space and areas of important aesthetic or scenic quality); • agricultural, social, cultural, historic, archaeological, recreational, or educational values; or • an inherent ecological, geological or hydrological sensitivity to change that may be adversely affected by any change. (New York State Department of Environmental Conservation website, 2005) The designation of an area as a CEA is not intended to preclude development, but rather is intended to ensure that a proposed action is fully evaluated for potential impacts and that referrals to all regulatory agencies are made. 2) Mulford Gardens Hope VI Plan A. Mulford Gardens HOPE VI Sections A, B, C 1. Animal and Plant Species The HOPE VI Sections consist of previously developed areas and vacant urban lots that are located in a metropolitan setting. Existing or past development activities eliminated most of the natural vegetation and wildlife within these areas. The remaining vegetation consists primarily of small patches of mowed lawn, a mixture of ornamental and native flowers, shrubs, and trees used for landscaping, and adventitious urban pioneering species that have partially colonized available barren ground within the Sections. The following native or introduced species are expected to occur within the Sections based on their tolerance to urban conditions: red maple (Acer rubrum); Norway maple (Acer platanoides); white ash (Fraxinus americana); white oak (Quercus alba); pin oak (Quercus palustris); American elm (Ulmus americana); apple (Malus sp.); white birch (Betula papyrifera); tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima); black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia); white pine (Pinus strobus); eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis); blue spruce (Picea pungens); juniper (Juniperus communis); yew (Taxus canadensis); rhododendron (Rhododendron sp.); flowering dogwood (Cornus florida); silky dogwood (Cornus amomum) rose (Rosa sp.); and rose-of-sharon (Hibiscus syriacus). A more complete list is provided in Table 3.8-1. ASHBURTON AVENUE/ MULFORD GARDENS FEIS February 2006 Page 3.8-3 TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY Table 3.8-1 Known and Potential Vegetation Species Common Name Scientific Name Silver Maple Acer sacharinum Red Maple Acer rubrum Ailanthus Ailanthus altisima Poison Ivy Toxicodendron radicans Common reed Phragmites australis Silky Dogwood Cornus amomum Weeping Willow Salix babylonica Black Willow Salix nigra Mulberry Morus sp. Spicebush Lindera benzoin Black Locust Robinia pseudoacacia Fox Grape Vitis labrusca Sugar Maple Acer saccharum Red Maple Acer rubrum Tulip tree Liriodendron tulipifera Cottonwood Populus deltoides Black Cherry Prunus serotina Red Oak Quercus rubra Yellow Birch Betula alleghaniensis Wildlife species found or expected within the boundaries of the HOPE VI Sections include those typically associated with an urban environment. These species are listed in Table 3.8-2. ASHBURTON AVENUE/ MULFORD GARDENS FEIS February 2006 Page 3.8-4 TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY Table 3.8-2 Known and Potential Wildlife Species Mammals raccoon Procyon lotor opossum Didelphis virginiana eastern chipmunk Eutamias sp. Gray squirrel Sciurus carolinensis striped skunk Mephitis mephitis White-footed mouse Peromyscus leucopus house mouse Mus musculus meadow vole Microtus pennsylvanicum Star-nosed mole Codylura cristata eastern mole Scalopus aquaticus woodchuck Marmota monax short-tailed shrew Blarina brevicanda common shrew Sorex cinereus Little brown bat Myotis lucifugus red bat Lasiurus borealis Reptiles garter snake Thamnophis sirtalis brown snake Storeria dekayi Amphibians American toad Bufo americanus Birds Hairy woodpecker Picoides villosus downy woodpecker Picoides pubescens yellow shafted flicker Colaptes auratus Robin Turdus migratorius catbird Dumetella carolinensis mockingbird Mimus polyglottos Crow Corvus brachyrhynchos Blue jay Cyanocitta cristata cardinal Cardinalis cardinalis chipping sparrow Spizella passerina towhee Pipilo erythrophthalmus junco Junco hyemalis mourning dove Zenaida macroura chickadee Parus spp. nuthatch Sitta spp. herring gull Larus argentatus ASHBURTON AVENUE/ MULFORD GARDENS FEIS February 2006 Page 3.8-5 TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY 2. Threatened & Endangered