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General Assembly of North Carolina Session 2005 Ratified Bill
GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF NORTH CAROLINA SESSION 2005 RATIFIED BILL RESOLUTION 2005-12 HOUSE JOINT RESOLUTION 375 A JOINT RESOLUTION HONORING NORTH CAROLINA'S GREAT NASCAR LEGENDS RALPH DALE EARNHARDT, SR., RALPH LEE EARNHARDT, LEE PETTY, ADAM KYLER PETTY, JULIUS TIMOTHY "TIM" FLOCK AND HIS COMPANION JOCKO FLOCKO, EDWIN KEITH "BANJO" MATTHEWS, CURTIS MORTON TURNER, EDWARD GLENN "FIREBALL" ROBERTS, ELZIE WYLIE "BUCK" BAKER, SR., AND AFRICAN-AMERICAN RACING PIONEER WENDELL OLIVER SCOTT, AND ENCOURAGING NASCAR TO SELECT NORTH CAROLINA AS THE LOCATION FOR ITS HALL OF FAME. Whereas, North Carolina takes great pride in its position as the stock car racing capital in the United States and the world and is the "Hub of Motorsports in the United States"; and Whereas, motorsports events have become and remain hugely popular with the people of North Carolina, with more than one million fans attending motorsports events in the State each year, thereby substantially enhancing the tourism industry in North Carolina; and Whereas, after World War II, stock car racing evolved in the foothills, the pinewoods, and the Piedmont, quickly becoming one of the deepest traditions in North Carolina popular culture; and Whereas, North Carolina's motorsports industry has an annual economic impact of $5.1 billion and creates an excess of 24,000 jobs with an average income of over $69,000; and Whereas, North Carolina is in the running to be the site of the National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) Hall of Fame; and Whereas, 82% of the Nextel Cup Series, 72% -
MGC's Season Is Kicking Into High Gear After Two February Meets
THEFebruary NORTH 25 ,GEORGIA 2015 THE NEWS NORTH February GEORGIA 25, 2015 NEWS Page 13Page 13 MGC’s season is kicking into high gear after two February meets By Todd Forrest place finishes. North Georgia News Thompson took first on [email protected] the bars, second on the beam, and third on the bars for a first Lawrenceville - Blairs- place all around finish at the ville’s Mountain Gymnastics AAU Gold level. Center opened its 2015 Com- Kiernan was first all petitive Season last month at around at the AAU Silver level the Snowflake Invitational. after taking first on the vault The local gymnasts and the floor and second on competed in the AAU Level the beam. 1,2, and 3, along with the AAU Others from MGC at the Silver and AAU Gold. AAU Silver level were: Kier- The USA Gold squad sten Queen, who took second placed all six of its girls in all around after a first place fourth place or better in their performance on the bars. Tant respective age group. AAU Level 3 took third all around – taking Reagan Ledford placed second on the vault and the second all around – picking bars. Lee was fourth all around up first place on the bars, AAU Gold and second on the floor. Arp the vault, and second on the and Gregory each came in fifth beam. Mia McCombs was also while Barlow placed sixth. second all around with a first At the AAU Gold level, place finish on the beams and Swartz came in fifth all around, second on the vault, the bars, Swanson was sixth, and Truex and the floor. -
2015 XTERRA COMPETITION RULES 1. Swim
2015 XTERRA COMPETITION RULES 1. Swim: 1.1. Wetsuits: are allowed based on water temperature measured the day prior to the event and confirmed the day of the event. Where water temperatures are close to limits, the decision will be made one hour before the start of the first swim. Pro/Elite Athletes: Wetsuits are allowed for pro athletes if the water temperature is below 68 degrees Fahrenheit (20 degrees Centigrade). Age Group Athletes: Wetsuits are allowed for age group athletes if the water temperature is below 72 degrees Fahrenheit (22 degrees C) Mandatory Wetsuit: Wetsuits are mandatory below 57 degrees F (14 degrees C) Challenged Athletes: Wetsuits are allowed but not required at 1 any water temperature. Note: XTERRA follows the Swim Rules for Wetsuit Use established by the ITU at all XRC events. See Section D.2 in the ITU Competition Rules for specific details. Note: The XTERRA/ITU rules may be waived by the XPS race directors in favor of USA Triathlon Swimming Conduct rules. See Section 4 of the USA Triathlon Rules for specific details. o Note: If a race is governed by the USAT Article IV Swimming 2 Conduct rules – the following portion of Section 4.4 will apply: “When the water temperature is greater than 78 degrees, but less than 84 degrees Fahrenheit, age group participants may wear a wetsuit at their own discretion, provided however that participants who wear a wetsuit within this temperature range shall not be eligible for prizes or awards.” Specifically: the athlete will not be eligible for XTERRA Points. -
Aerodynamics of Race Cars
AR266-FL38-02 ARI 22 November 2005 19:22 Aerodynamics of Race Cars Joseph Katz Department of Aerospace Engineering, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182; email: [email protected] Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. Key Words 2006. 38:27–63 downforce, inverted wings, ground effect, drag The Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics is online at fluid.annualreviews.org Abstract doi: 10.1146/annurev.fluid. Race car performance depends on elements such as the engine, tires, suspension, 38.050304.092016 road, aerodynamics, and of course the driver. In recent years, however, vehicle aero- Copyright c 2006 by dynamics gained increased attention, mainly due to the utilization of the negative Annual Reviews. All rights lift (downforce) principle, yielding several important performance improvements. reserved This review briefly explains the significance of the aerodynamic downforce and how 0066-4189/06/0115- it improves race car performance. After this short introduction various methods to 0027$20.00 generate downforce such as inverted wings, diffusers, and vortex generators are dis- Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 2006.38:27-63. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org cussed. Due to the complex geometry of these vehicles, the aerodynamic interaction between the various body components is significant, resulting in vortex flows and Access provided by University of Southern California (USC) on 05/14/19. For personal use only. lifting surface shapes unlike traditional airplane wings. Typical design tools such as wind tunnel testing, computational fluid dynamics, and track testing, and their rel- evance to race car development, are discussed as well. In spite of the tremendous progress of these design tools (due to better instrumentation, communication, and computational power), the fluid dynamic phenomenon is still highly nonlinear, and predicting the effect of a particular modification is not always trouble free. -
Effect of Two Drafting Modalities in Cycling on Running Performance
Physical Fitness and Performance Effect of two drafting modalities in cycling on running performance CHRISTOPHE HAUSSWIRTH1, JEAN-MARC VALLIER2, DIDIER LEHENAFF1, JEANICK BRISSWALTER2, DARREN SMITH3, GREGOIRE MILLET4, and PATRICK DREANO5 1Laboratoire de Biomécanique et de Physiologie, Institut National du Sport et de L’Education Physique (INSEP), 75012 Paris, FRANCE; 2Unité Ergonomie sportive et performance, Université de Toulon, 83957 La Garde, FRANCE; 3Queensland Triathlon, AUSTRALIA; 4Faculte´ des Sciences du Sport, Universite´ de Montpellier, and 5French Triathlon Federation, Boulouris, FRANCE ABSTRACT HAUSSWIRTH, C., J-M. VALLIER, D. LEHENAFF, J. BRISSWALTER, D. SMITH, G. MILLET, and P. DREANO. Effect of two drafting modalities in cycling on running performance. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 33, No. 3, 2001, pp. 485–492. Purpose: The purposes of this study were first to compare the physiological responses during a triathlon where cycling was performed alternatively with another cyclist (alternate draft triathlon, ADT) or continuously behind him (continuous draft triathlon, CDT), and second to study the incidence of these two drafting modalities in cycling on the subsequent running performance done during a simulated triathlon. Methods: Ten male triathletes of national level performed a sprint distance triathlon (0.75-km swim, 20-km bike, 5-km run) on two different sessions, one where the triathlete alternatively rode in front or at the back of another cyclist and rotating every 500 m, the other where the triathlete drafted continuously a professional cyclist whose task was to reproduce all split times recorded during the ˙ ˙ alternate situation. Oxygen uptake (VO2), expiratory flow (VE), heart rate (HR) were recorded during the entire bike and run sections - and blood lactate concentrations ([La ]b) were analyzed at the end of each event composing the triathlon. -
NASCAR for Dummies (ISBN
spine=.672” Sports/Motor Sports ™ Making Everything Easier! 3rd Edition Now updated! Your authoritative guide to NASCAR — 3rd Edition on and off the track Open the book and find: ® Want to have the supreme NASCAR experience? Whether • Top driver Mark Martin’s personal NASCAR you’re new to this exciting sport or a longtime fan, this insights into the sport insider’s guide covers everything you want to know in • The lowdown on each NASCAR detail — from the anatomy of a stock car to the strategies track used by top drivers in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series. • Why drivers are true athletes NASCAR • What’s new with NASCAR? — get the latest on the new racing rules, teams, drivers, car designs, and safety requirements • Explanations of NASCAR lingo • A crash course in stock-car racing — meet the teams and • How to win a race (it’s more than sponsors, understand the different NASCAR series, and find out just driving fast!) how drivers get started in the racing business • What happens during a pit stop • Take a test drive — explore a stock car inside and out, learn the • How to fit in with a NASCAR crowd rules of the track, and work with the race team • Understand the driver’s world — get inside a driver’s head and • Ten can’t-miss races of the year ® see what happens before, during, and after a race • NASCAR statistics, race car • Keep track of NASCAR events — from the stands or the comfort numbers, and milestones of home, follow the sport and get the most out of each race Go to dummies.com® for more! Learn to: • Identify the teams, drivers, and cars • Follow all the latest rules and regulations • Understand the top driver skills and racing strategies • Have the ultimate fan experience, at home or at the track Mark Martin burst onto the NASCAR scene in 1981 $21.99 US / $25.99 CN / £14.99 UK after earning four American Speed Association championships, and has been winning races and ISBN 978-0-470-43068-2 setting records ever since. -
BICYCLE RACING Road Racing - TOUR DE FRANCE BIGGIST, HARDEST and MOST PRESTEGIOUS BIKE RACE in the WORLD • 21 DAYS • 2000+ MILES • SINCE 1903
BICYCLE RACING Road racing - TOUR DE FRANCE BIGGIST, HARDEST AND MOST PRESTEGIOUS BIKE RACE IN THE WORLD • 21 DAYS • 2000+ MILES • SINCE 1903 Each year the course changes • 20 Stages Regular road stage (mass start - 16) Team time trial (1) Individual time trial (3) • Lowest overall time wins • Race is a team competition Peloton (pack) – mass start stage race INDIVIDIAL TIME TRIAL • Start 1 racer at the time with 2 min intervals • no drafting allowed • special aerodynamic bike, suite and helmet TEAM TIME TRIAL AERODYNAMICS AERODYNAMIC DRAG • Air pressure drag • Direct friction Rider can safe up to 40% of energy by drafting behind other riders Mountain bike racing Cyclo-cross The original two cycling disciplines – Road race and Track cycling – were included in the first Olympic Games of modern times in Athens in 1896 Olympic medallists Olympic medallists Gold Medallists in the 2000 Olympic Games Gold Medallists in the 2000 Olympic Games Cycling Road Cycling Road Event Athletes Event Athlete Individual Time Men Jan Ullrich, (Germany) s Trial Women Leontien Van Moorsel (Netherlands) Individ Men Jan Ullrich, (Germany) Leontien Van Moorsel (Netherlands) ual IndividualWomen Men Viacheslav Ekimov (Russia) Road Race Time Women Leontien Van Moorsel Trial (Netherlands) Individ Men Viacheslav Ekimov (Russia) ual Women Leontien Van Moorsel (Netherlands) Road Race Track Cycling Event Athletes 1km Individual Men Jason Queally (Great Britain) Time Trial 500m Individual Women Felicia Ballanger (France) Time Trial Men Marty Nothstein (USA) Sprint Women -
HEMI Milestones
Contact: General Media Inquiries Bryan Zvibleman HEMI® Milestones A Journey through a Remarkable Engine’s Remarkable History August 10, 2005, Auburn Hills, Mich. - 1939 Chrysler begins design work on first HEMI®, a V-16 for fighter aircraft. 1951 Chrysler stuns automotive world with 180 hp HEMI V-8 engine. Chrysler New Yorker convertible paces Indianapolis 500 race. Saratoga first in Stock Car Class; second overall in Carrera Pan-American road race. Briggs Cunningham chooses HEMI engines for his Le Mans race cars. 1952 A special HEMI is tested in a Kurtis Kraft Indy roadster; it’s banned by racing officials as too fast. 1953 Lee Petty’s HEMI Dodge wins five NASCAR races and finishes second in championship points. Cunningham’s C-4R HEMI wins 12 Hours of Sebring and finishes third at Le Mans. A Dodge HEMI V-8 breaks 196 stock car records at Bonneville Salt Flats. 1954 A Chrysler HEMI with four-barrel and dual exhausts makes 235 hp. Lee Petty wins Daytona Beach race in a Chrysler HEMI. Lee Petty wins NASCAR Grand National championship driving Chrysler and Dodge HEMIs. Cunningham HEMIs win Sebring again, third and fifth at Le Mans. Dodge Red Ram HEMI convertible paces Indy 500. 1955 Chrysler introduces the legendary 300 as America’s most powerful stock car. Chrysler 300 with dual four-barrel 331 c.i.d. HEMI is first production car to make 300 hp. A Carl Kiekhaefer-prepared Chrysler 300 wins at Daytona Beach with Tim Flock driving. Chrysler bumps HEMI to 250 hp in New Yorker and 280 hp in Imperial. -
1968 Hot Wheels
1968 - 2003 VEHICLE LIST 1968 Hot Wheels 6459 Power Pad 5850 Hy Gear 6205 Custom Cougar 6460 AMX/2 5851 Miles Ahead 6206 Custom Mustang 6461 Jeep (Grass Hopper) 5853 Red Catchup 6207 Custom T-Bird 6466 Cockney Cab 5854 Hot Rodney 6208 Custom Camaro 6467 Olds 442 1973 Hot Wheels 6209 Silhouette 6469 Fire Chief Cruiser 5880 Double Header 6210 Deora 6471 Evil Weevil 6004 Superfine Turbine 6211 Custom Barracuda 6472 Cord 6007 Sweet 16 6212 Custom Firebird 6499 Boss Hoss Silver Special 6962 Mercedes 280SL 6213 Custom Fleetside 6410 Mongoose Funny Car 6963 Police Cruiser 6214 Ford J-Car 1970 Heavyweights 6964 Red Baron 6215 Custom Corvette 6450 Tow Truck 6965 Prowler 6217 Beatnik Bandit 6451 Ambulance 6966 Paddy Wagon 6218 Custom El Dorado 6452 Cement Mixer 6967 Dune Daddy 6219 Hot Heap 6453 Dump Truck 6968 Alive '55 6220 Custom Volkswagen Cheetah 6454 Fire Engine 6969 Snake 1969 Hot Wheels 6455 Moving Van 6970 Mongoose 6216 Python 1970 Rrrumblers 6971 Street Snorter 6250 Classic '32 Ford Vicky 6010 Road Hog 6972 Porsche 917 6251 Classic '31 Ford Woody 6011 High Tailer 6973 Ferrari 213P 6252 Classic '57 Bird 6031 Mean Machine 6974 Sand Witch 6253 Classic '36 Ford Coupe 6032 Rip Snorter 6975 Double Vision 6254 Lolo GT 70 6048 3-Squealer 6976 Buzz Off 6255 Mclaren MGA 6049 Torque Chop 6977 Zploder 6256 Chapparral 2G 1971 Hot Wheels 6978 Mercedes C111 6257 Ford MK IV 5953 Snake II 6979 Hiway Robber 6258 Twinmill 5954 Mongoose II 6980 Ice T 6259 Turbofire 5951 Snake Rail Dragster 6981 Odd Job 6260 Torero 5952 Mongoose Rail Dragster 6982 Show-off -
CFD Simulations of the Aerodynamic Drag of Two Drafting Cyclists
Published in Computers & Fluids 71: 435‐445. doi:10.1016/j.compfluid.2012.11.012 CFD simulations of the aerodynamic drag of two drafting cyclists Bert Blocken a,, Thijs Defraeye b, Erwin Koninckx c, Jan Carmeliet d,e, Peter Hespel f a Building Physics and Services, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 Eindhoven, The Netherlands b MeBioS, University of Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, Leuven, Belgium c Flemish Cycling Federation, Globelaan 49/2, 1190 Brussels, Belgium d Chair of Building Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETHZ), Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 15, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland e Laboratory for Building Science and Technology, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research (Empa), Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland f Bakala Academy - Athletic Performance Center, Department of Biomedical Kinesiology, University of Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium Research highlights: High-resolution grids with wall-adjacent cell centres at 15 micrometer from the body surface Validation with wind-tunnel measurements of drag force of single cyclist and two cyclists. CFD simulations and measurements show that drafting provides drag reduction for both cyclists Drag reduction of leading cyclist due to trailing cyclist in his/her wake goes up to 2.6%. The optimum strategy for team time trials should consider drafting effects of every team member. Abstract The aerodynamic drag of two drafting cyclists in upright position (UP), dropped position (DP) and time-trial position (TTP) is analysed by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations supported by wind-tunnel measurements. The CFD simulations are performed on high-resolution grids with grid cells of about 30 micrometer at the cyclist body surface, yielding y* values well below 5. -
Nascar, Its Pioneer Racing Families and Drivers, and North Carolina Motor Racing
GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF NORTH CAROLINA SESSION 2003 RATIFIED BILL RESOLUTION 2003-11 HOUSE JOINT RESOLUTION 1161 A JOINT RESOLUTION HONORING NASCAR, ITS PIONEER RACING FAMILIES AND DRIVERS, AND NORTH CAROLINA MOTOR RACING. Whereas, North Carolina takes great pride in its position as the stock car racing capital of the United States and the world; and Whereas, North Carolina is the home of NASCAR, which staged its first sanctioned "purely stock car" race at the Charlotte Speedway on June 19, 1949; and Whereas, since that time, NASCAR and motorsports events have become and remain hugely popular with the people of North Carolina, with more than one million people attending motorsports events in North Carolina each year, thereby substantially enhancing the tourism industry in and economy of North Carolina; and Whereas, North Carolina currently hosts five NASCAR Winston Cup events, with two being held at the North Carolina Speedway in Rockingham and three at the Lowe's Motor Speedway, near Charlotte, and is thus the stock car racing capital of the world; and Whereas, these Winston Cup races materially affect North Carolina's economy, and the loss of any Winston Cup event would have a tremendous negative impact on jobs and tax revenues in the Rockingham and Charlotte areas and the tourism industry in North Carolina in general; and Whereas, North Carolina has established the William States Lee College of Engineering at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte which offers an undergraduate program concentrating on motorsports engineering; and -
MISSION STATEMENT A) to Discover, Identify, Gather, Preserve, and Display Newsletter Vol
www.earhs.org MISSION STATEMENT A) To discover, identify, gather, preserve, and display Newsletter Vol. XVI 2019 Ed. #1 documents, records, items, etc. pertaining to eastern auto SIXTY YEARS AGO racing facilities, competitors, personalities or events. As the calendar flipped to 1959, the era of racing on the sand at Daytona Beach ended when Bill France B) To assist writers to publish and/or research articles threw open the gates of the two-and-a-half mile high regarding historical eastern auto racing topics. banked paved Daytona International Speedway. As Our organization collects & displays articles dealing with any the NASCAR drivers prepared for their inaugural eastern auto racing facilities for any racing enthusiast to Daytona '500', working toward Cotton Owens' fast-time enjoy. Please consider either joining our organization or qualifying speed of 143.198 mph, NASCAR and Indy contributing to our projects. vet, Marshall Teague, and his car owner, Chapman Root set their sights on the world closed-course speed MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION record of 176.818 mph, set by Tony Bettenhausen at Monza, Italy during the 'Race of Two Worlds' Indy car appearance there on June 29, 1957. NAME: ______________________________ ADDRESS: __________________________ CITY/STATE/ZIP: _____________________ E-MAIL: _____________________________ AREA OF INTEREST: __________________ _____ $25 SUPPORTER Non-voting supporter of the mission statement of the EARHS. Admission to showroom by appointment. _____ $40 INTERNATIONAL Non-voting international supporter with basic benefits. _____ $250 CORPORATE SUPPORTER Marshall Teague, Chapman Root Sumar Spl., Indy Corporate supporters are non-voting supporters On February 9th Teague reached 171.821 mph at whose contribution to the EARHS will be the wheel of Root's Sumar Streamliner, the same permanently noted in the EARHS showroom.