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RO DERi C H _ DA.\ 'I SO N
BERWS KOXGRESI HAKKIX DA GiZLI RA POR THE LtFE STORY or AN URBAN SA 1 1'lı'T I N TUE O'ITOMAN D 1 P J R ~ : PIR I BABA OF ~IJ:o: RZıFOx Hülisa
Sııroiyo Faroqll i Bir Fr&nsıı muharrir, Bertrand &reilles. 1919 lM'n('Sinde Le Hoppo'" tl«Ttt .lfr hJ COfIIgrh de 8n'li" (fdr~Mi li la S. Porte par XQ raJ 1ıJodory Par1l tJ, p","i" pliıtipotlJtliaif(' ottonUflt n cşrettl, Ra· Lrgıondary tc-xlB have long been of eoı:,ıı ldt'rab .e I m poıu flCe for por kitabı n @ınci ..h ıfeaind'!'n 195 e kadardır . t:ğe r rapor ~~kAot'. th.. aludy ol aociaı anJ religiouıı dt> \'dopnwnta ın fourlftonth to larih..i1l'r için k ıymetlidi r. (ünkü Oıımanh nokta·! naZ&rından 3o"Uıi stxtee nt h-century Anatoli. ; yd poeaibı l ltka offI'Nd by ııı- ııou r m ı, ve ..dnlUam ve harici)''!' v..kili oJan SatW't P....'dan Karatodori Cıe1I are far from exhausted, To the hilltonan. t wu approaches Rem Pa.p'ya, K ara ı odori'Mn Sahe'Ce giden telgraflardan iktibasla" ih· to !;llfer themselvea': in the finst ea., an attrmpt iıı madr to diarn tiva etmt'llte
. I\C RAIYA FAROQHI P ı Rt BABA O F "F.R.ZlroN
n eal a nd 1~~llda ry evide nce available on Abdal Mu"a. A hm ~ t Yese the data t hey con tain ha ve been exploi ted in a ıi m il a r man ner, Heriri vi, Yun uıı F.mre an d many ot her ıı '. Abdli took i Gö lpınarll 's work on Pfrenne haa retold t he atoey of how the poor beach comber God ric Yunu s Emre a nd h i ıı contem poraries bı mottvated by Ilimi/a r ai nuı became a wealthy merchant. ınd ı h e re by h.. U1 u ıı t rate .~ f . ·." " iii< .v.f....vv .i i... . of s ai n ı. ' nvee dral tically diUer (rom mode rn hiı toria na in t heir Dı y....ı. JIJIo" . Il.a4ka"It(. Y . y ı n la r . CADk.... i Nf; l_ underatanding of t ime and s pace: eertain a uthen ha ve even poııtu • • Ab4a.i )1_ ,, '1'• • 1< K. ii Xi. t . 110. 121 ı Frlınaa ' y. 11'13 1. ı ' 4- 201 lated a 'mythologicaJ time' whieh eilM r preeedes 'historica.l time' :ı A bdill baı kl G6l puıa r h, 1' LO: ... .,. '1'..""",. bta.. boıl ı Mı . or e1lııe eoexiBtıı with it, albeit on • diUeftnt pla ne. Th is 'mythologi_ , A_ ır oU...... ilft pankıllarly : II J ooıctılno K..ı.IIl.J: : . Du ..... uni ı. , ..~ lk~h ikdr- .,ı. 0I
an d Oı~ r pec ple of ...-orkily or _piritual renc....n &ii desertbed In a out , thia ı i tua t ion mak~ it im poeeible to appJ)' tbe cri~r ,a "'Iid I ~gffidary text have to be s uspeet from the h is tortan' ı point of vicw. fo r t rad iti oıuı which ca n _t IJJ be eoneeteı from Ii\-ing infomıana. ı-: v l' n if t b~y see m ehronoJogieally poaible. they need to be eonne Yco ı tbe ııtudtont ol Anatolian me
s t:ltAtTA FAROQHI PIRI BA8A OF WERZIFQN ... ahıo be ~garded i. part ol tb. 'community-identiCying' tunetion. lar. and the more enthlJAi...tic among the de m ah orden in general. To pul it eoneeeıety. an inbabitant ol the quarttr ıround the Eski eeem to have IddlT1lSed themııe l v~ Jargcoly to jU8t tm. group of Hamam in ).It."mfon. where Piri Baba IlUppo&edly epcnt • eonside peopko. it i8 probably !egitimlte to interpret the life atory of Piri ~ble period of hiA life, ma y well have UaM th e If'gend to m.ke the Baba tn tht' ..me eon ıe s t v. 101l0'o\10g ullt' rt loruı : 'the publil: bath In our quarter i. unusuat be· Llke many dervi ıh legende, the aecocnt of Pi rt Baba rol1lliıtl eause lt hu been honoured by tb f' m idence of • saint . What it i.ıı of two pa ru : the biognııhy of the saint Ioljowed by a short ae mor-e , it u ııed to dri p, but the holy man mi racujousty repai red iL" · eount deııerib i ng t he fou ndat ion of a dervts h ecmmunity bearing hi. aleıııı may aıso On parochial Ievel, s toey-tellera and their- publi c na me. In mos t legenda . it W ILII the holy man himaelf who aeted as a hav e pereeived t he wıce r hum an impllcallons of • ılory ıı udı ıuı. the (ou ndı 'r , altha ug h this wu not .I....·a yıı the case : in the eto ry of Sey legend of Pirl Ba ba and a!firmed th em by repeetin g th e ıaıe . The ylt Ali Su ltan. who lIuppı»ed l y ga ve hi ıı na me to the famous tekke :o.lerzi fon aa int wu ın unlettered man of reeeet pe...nt taekground, n"ar Dimrtoka. it wu not the hero himllelf but raUKo r h i ıı <:ompan ion ~ m bled wnoee outwud behav iour monoover very much t hat which Rllste m Gazi who foun ded a communi ty'". In t he CHe of Pin Bab&, characteriU1l «- rtaln mental diaturban«1l. Yet accordıng to the ıtory t he tekke as it esdated in later periods w.. appannt1y institutee! b)' such. man could ıoqu ire bot h eıtef'ptionaı religiouı koıming and hil fOı lowen .erne considerable time alter hb death", Thwı it aeema .plritual pow\'r. even thOQgh the ı?gular path of i religiou. educa to have been a prime f unetion ol. many !egenda to f'nhanee the m tııı tion wu ob \1ously clo6ed to him" . ın thiı ııeıuıe. the ıt.ory ean be ot the tekke.l \liith ....tK.e foundation tMY were cocınected. jeveı. mın' aa.id to l?lIemble. on i religiou. t hat ol the 'w lf-made' in FAtabliahing o r enhancing t he reputaUon ol i tek" by meana ninetet>nth and twentieth-century Europe. For it pro vided ttw- ıtory of a ı..g"nd obvioualy erreeıed the aoclal poeition of the people re ıene r an d hia public with i m~ ol brt"aking throug h the ııoc iıl siding in such a place. e!ther aa ....eaIled deac:endan ta ol the founder e ıru eı u re i mıpnation. i t kou t in the reelm ol Th ereby in tum i ( :aviynlar) or as ordinary de-rviııheıı a nd 1Il"M'&nta. Considering t he sa fe ty veıve wu provlded for t he pent-u p fm ııtrati ona of people in the tower reaehes of Ottoman ııoclety , As the Be kt.aıı h la in particu_ 18 A tı •• LLL. ii. .. u.. lola l llll· prtnclpa.l . dIı. ...lllB _re t lle ...-eıııi " ~ i'''i a nd ~lM& . ıe.. ...an)' of "'lIom were "" ~f/T..U and C'OllMqueııtly d _n uprooı ..d 16 Io'or Uyu. nllnf 1~ Il:~nd. tWP"al of t he mo nl hu aıı.aUe or doı .. _Uyzano:•• • 10$. lo i ii . pooo, o f rn<>d<- nı Ca l ıo, compare ~ ictı-I GllBo-ııan. 8<ıioo l 11"<1 S ..I I lı< Mo· Cu_ . ıılng ı ıı ~ l !k ıı tıty ot Uoe Elltl 1I..'..m compare the ı rtkle . M~n l _ "'...... "'yy "l, A . ~.__y iii 1/hO S.... if>Wgıı 01 R..IIg_. O ıtto td 1I 0ft01T. p tuı 00 80 toıı . LLL Uı ~ J./G... A..ılr l """,4ı. ' ılA ) . VOLI_1L:: E v ll y ı QtI.t>L i M balh la cal· cıaı An tll ro pololl:)' l Odord. 1113 1. to-d ...._ ... ot Çtıebl. W ~h ll'ld ·. Li one .,...101I ot ttı.. kı..ııd _"ldı .... -ii t r aDAı-M part al lblı Ubr&r)' lb!lmrt. kaowıı aa l he ~kl tu...... of Lite dı-n-IB" ı:ornmu ıılt )' iın H acı bolr t.q ı toolo ,. III tM Cırt>eel Semt Kütüpha_ oıı i otıı., Ioaad !' ıi ,lr ;"" V.lr ıl A hf tr SCRAITA F AROQHI 600 PIRI BABA OF ı-t ERZlFOS 66. Ca cı t ha ı Batı. ~ d~ ~U batl!' . Piri ru regarded LO have lived a nd • the &-ktutıl o rdı.- r probably btogan to de\'elop .. nrly is the fo the status ol tbe 'fou n.x-r"s family' had to be est.a bl iı hcd by ııome u rtPC"nth cen tury , it wu ıt that time onlyone ım oıı g mıny moore ıpecial Hac ı device. i n the (i"i1dyd .'";_ ol &ktq LI comparable ai· or i betercdcx grou[M active among nomads ı nd (root ler wır- tu_tion wu eeeclved b)' having the Aint aoopt Fat ma 8&cl. and rio On ly gradu ıll y did thl ı ord er ıı.orb mıny of t be kosa for- thereby aclting up her caüdren aa he iı-. lO the :1111,)' '.However. ma ıı y orgı nbed groups; and when ineorporatlng their t('kk,.", lt LI eelibate branch of t he order exteted, and Itıı merabere erte n see m ge nerally took over their holy patrons aa well" . Th u ıı quite a Iew to have Ielt ınue eympethy for t he d aima of the 'tound.. r ' ı famil y: " ıalntıı who formed part ınd pareel of t he Bektash i tradition in teter Where Pin Baba i ı coneern ed. there is 110 retere nce to a n urnee aeem to have had no oonnt'e tion with the crdee In their o.....n ad option. But gtven t he im portanee of blood lle. to the round! ng trre-ttme. T his fact is quite e rten eenecıed in t heir legends. II one sainı w i ı:ı hed hı Cor whoever lo govern LI group of derviehes, it not ..... i ııh ('S to deline the 'Bekt" hi tradition' In ıı ueh i wıy that only 8urpr ialng t hat Pi ri Baba'. ne phew Ali Dede sho uld have bee n hill persons ori ginıll y eoanected with the order ıı hould be included, the ıın~imng ronower and Iall!'t hUl 8Offiewh.t lIUCCt"SlIOr". Quite retnar group Is llIDOIIt narrowed do...."I1 to Hac ı Bt-ktq and hi!! d ıscipl e iii . ıso ıbra him. kabl e is t he man nE't in whieh Hoca who bad piously cım S ultan. lt however, .. aeems rea.sonıble. the trıol i t i an la more donated the buildinga and eppurteneneee ol the tekke, UlIOCiattd broadly defi ned , th"n it _hou ld include &aints who .....ere lUIllOCiıted himse1f with the family of the ..int. For Piri Baba. when ..ring Ho ""ith t~ kkt'll ..... hich had atf i li ıted with the Beokwhla. aay, by the Is ca ı brahim and hiı bcat during ii ıtonn . demınde..! nut oııl y that ii ter eeventeenth eentuey : ınd it is in t m. k nII(' only that Piri Baba ma.wıoleum be built ovee m. graVt'o but that. ii gir( be devered to his of Mrrlifon ean be Iılid to form part of t ht'& ktaa hi traditiOll". Iol."rvice". 1t la thla girllhat Ali Dede la t be n pn'Mured into marrying. When Wl" e nem pı to ",tıb l ish the ııoci ı l funelion of i story, Wl" eM urlng both t he eau.bliehment of ii 'fou ndtor's family' and i meesu muet tind out who told it ınd to w hom. Soci ıl funetion must hıve re of influence (or Hoca ıbrahim. vıri.-d IccordinR to whethr r the atory-tellera wt'n me n or women. Howe ver, the Jegend provided no legi tima tion for one particular a mlte ıını or profesaionalıı . Fuıt Köprü'ü, in his s tudy of the med b nuıch of the family as OJlpoııed to another. T he history of Pin Ba dahil ' hiLL B tı"l" lIl! ~ thr f ı ct t hs t l.luit... a f...... ımong them wefe de r ba's tt kke during t he eightee nth century iıı charae t('riıed by lon g vish t..: unfortunatcly relatively !ittle ia documt'ntcd about the kin dil drawn-out 8truggles bet .....eo:on diff('rtnt membcn of the ' founder 'ıı of ııtt>rit."ll they told. at I t'aııt during t he ıı i ıı: t ee n t h a nd .....venteent h holdin gıı family.' Con trol of the foundation a ppeared to be an im ce n t u ri~ . Nor do Wl" know mueh ıbout the public thelr lItOril'll were portant pri ZO!. !Lo that we fi nd the "tn count. :ıt F or . dei.lıllo«l ~ 'lpUoıı of I b" p~ c:omp"'" ),t . Fuat K6pr1l/0. Among derviab Ie~nlh in rtıera l it is pasaible to iııolıte whıt " • • It H,.,k /I A N okl...... ,"- Orf.~1 ~'" y_~ı 1" ltN.... H. lk " ,.,_ ı ı"., T. riıIı .ır.ı.. migbt be c:aJled i ıı J:N!ci fie Bektubi tradition. However. ılthough . .. O C..,.. ",....,..,,,.. "h_ LO,.. ... ' UlIOh...)'1 L A ı. -AW.I )h ... ı lst...ı..ı. lUS ı .•rtICı.. _Abdal . ro Eyll)'.. B.ıotdııal KlItkll XU. p. S ~ Tb _ta ı.. J'Irt Baı tı. wtIb Haa •• ıı v ıw ~, G61pııı.art ı. ~ . i ~ . ...._ . ..s. p. tıo.t . nd cta ..... t ha t ıbo' t _ ..1111.1 t .....Urd Ioc"'U"' r r...... HOI"&llLII lo A ıaatoIıa n nı. braJM:b ot n.. o l"dıo.oT ...... c:ommGlll)' _tat....ı _b Bal,", 8ultaıı.. ." pe""_"'" of LiI;ıCa A~ T~ . cıompanı t"'" . I1ICIe ·H. n Bo.ktAf' ta l A . 28 I"tuıt K6pt1Uü. _ TO r k l ~ r de H. lk HI.....)' '''C' lI lt ııa. A tı Y addııo ı...r , Y ntdab 23 lI_ k. ı..-_ . p. 1 6Iı . ta,.> In ; "'h"""" A..,'...... lcın . TOrk TarUl K urum u T. )' ı.ıı tanD dIoı> \ "11 R.rt, 2~ lI~_ k' '''''''_ , P. i ~i... Sa)'. n . W...... r K OllI)' . '. i l A ıı .... r• . llill16'. p. 391 tt. For .ıı . xample, com 25 For 4<>runw-ııu " ta tlı> l" lO 1""'_ diapul.... cıompe.1't' . mon.. oUıen ııa. ı- no ; Or ha ıı K6pt'U IU. . V ~ li )'t' I- " . """ 1 Sul tan ş ıı caoddlıı.• Tuki...ı .Vee ...... , bakaı>lık ArtL"I. ~ 1 k>D Cevdet Evk&(. M . 2:133, nıliii X Vıı Ili/U i . 171_18t , ------+------662 SU RAI Y" A FAROQHl PIRI BABA OF 7oI ERZh' o :-ı nwn.ı.o rormed part of th e re ~rlOi"" of certain _ ______b _ r 66. St..: R"-IYA F AIt{)QHl I' IRI BABA Of' MERZ1FO N' 665 are taken to predict the eonq uee r ot lıı ta nbu l. The Sultan deela V<'l'1iion ı (Hoca ı bra h i m i rrz himseff IBtlsfied. Su lta n 'ıı Seetion A : The "I i racl~ . work i r, g Apprentice 15. r irl Ra ba refuees t he ofCf'r of girtl:. (bıma neı k nkı ı. Introd uct ton : Piri Baba 'ı fAmily baekı;:round and . rrival in Mer 16. Koyun Baba OC the Su ltan for donaUon. and .:tfon one bri(>ny deseribed. ae k now led ~ıı the greatneu of h iıı riv a ı. itı 2. Pin Baba ia Iate (t'tehing water. His muter dcee not undentand li. The conqueat ot l6tanbul announOt'd to the Su ltan. the prcferred e xplanation and gf'ts a np-y a t him. IS. pjri Ba ba f requen tıı; the apol where hia trkke ia to be built and 3. vaneucn or 2 ; Piri Baba brinp Zrmzem "" ater Cor hi. master diN t here. to drink. Not belie \1.ng his explanation. the master tn" to pu ~Uorı C : Foundation of the Sanctuary. ııiah h im. 19. In a dispute between Narince and xre reırcn oone.ming t he 1,,1,. m ai n ıı ıownemee 4. The mm!'r f'mbar k. on • pilgnmage to Mt'kka. Wh ile at t he K. " of the wnt . tm- retain the upper hand. !n. Pin Ba ba brinp him Iıdnr prepered b)' his wtre at homlı' and 2(1. Kara Fı:1)a i ı: !tE'nt to ı s t a nbu l to alOk (or omeia l Iw-Ir in f'tItabli,.. "'tum. in S miraeulO\l.llIY _ba rt ttme, HilJ master'. wife brlie\'f"II hlng a m ln/ .. he d ies ",..ıttiou t havin g Behiewd hi. purpoee, in him. 21. ı.ce-ıt preesure to estab l itıh B piOWl foundation i. brought to bear 5. Vari.tion OC 2 and 3: Pin Baba bri np wat..r from Ker~ l a . upon Ali ~, a ",IBU\'e and folkwo...r ol the ..int. The IBUn Wlwn hia muter again disbelie\'ea h iıı e xpıan. ıio n . one of his attt m ptıı. to avoid the- issu e. e>_ luna blind 22. Pin Baba'a i nterventicn "VN Şaml~lu Hoca ı brah i m from 6. f"t-ople ı.ı..gin to believe in Pi ri'a aupernatural po"'...... The mu dr1wming in B ..tom. lIoca ı brah i m promi_ to bui ld a Ilah· te ıs w ıre convinCX'a her hllBband by reoou nting him the mlncldı etuary over the n int's v a\'e and ded icate a girl to his se rvice. peevioWllY performed. 23. Construction ot the tekkr. t'lltablia hınent ol the ·fou nde-r·.. fa · j . VariaUon of i) : Peorık- ~.. ho Ilave eeen pjn Ba ba in Kl:'rWla ecn- mily', and compoıı. itlo n of the kog~nd are bridly reccunted and firm his mirac:uloua t rawla. round olf the ıstory. 8. Variation oC 6 and 1 : Piri Baba'a mothl:'r aeeepte him .. a &aint. Venlion n. (Evli}'a Çelebi) (corre.sponding mainly to Ve nı ion I, Seenon B : The Saint ol the Eııki Ham am r-:o, ı -u 9. Pirt Baba drivN a nail into the sıoee with his bare handa, B. Comp la inı.s are brought betoee thl' Sultan conce m ing Piri Baba'. 10. Pirl Saba j oi nı a pienie and miraculously cooks the meaı. se rvice to t he women in t he lıall'llJrIl . 11. Variation 0110. : Pirl Ba ba hall g r apeıı rtpen out ol -.ııon. 1\vo bı Sultan Murat threatens LO kill tht' n int, who half d i aappe arıı oCt he bunches ah! paten, while one ls set u ide to prove the oc into t he ~"B.ıı (co mp81"l' ı. 9 1. eUl"l' nce of the miraclE'l. ei Pin Ba ba exho rtıı the SultBn to con 'luer b mir, 12. Piri Ba ba. tt'pai", t he J.;ıı k i Hamam by mea rı.ıı. of h iı IUpl"rnatu . di He knfa dll t wo leaves of bread out of ıı t one and, ıcivi n ı: tht'm to ra l JlOwera. the Su ltan and Crown Princc Mehmet, pred ı e t ll the con'luellt of 13. The aaint Iol v", a problem posed by a wise man from Gila n. l ıı tan b ul . 14. Hi ı residl:'l\ee hı th e hama m having gi ven t i ııe to eom p l a i n tıı, ('. The prophccica are fulfil led. w h e reuı ıo n the Sultan t'fIta blUlht'S a Piri Baba ia viı Uro by t he SuJtan. H ı.' approaehE.-S the ru ler In ri ch fou ndation, a rat her unoonventiona l manner and pronouneea w ordıı whk h 7 r lı ı.: KAI VA . -AH.OQHI r -ı aı HAllA O.' Wı:.ttZlI'ON 667 it is !ikt'IY that Evliya did not use the book by Hoca ı b ra hi m over the getewey to the teklu of Seyyit Cui to t be ~df.ra~ le or Li tut cloM I)' related to it . even if one .110....1'1 for the Cact tha t number of places where the tcctstepe of All, Muhammed ' son-m ht' cn en pe rm itred h i mııel C . 11 kinda ol liberties ....ith hi. lIOUrct'a", law or scme other ııa.int are Itll1 twing , havro". In a noth~r lM"ction Hcwever, ecme cloııe p.raJll'ls tetween the It'gt'nd ot Pin Blba and ol the I·Udye l.,,6nu!'. we (inci H acı Bt-Ir.lq c ıı tt i n g the rock aa it it the 1"i /dYf' t!«i ırıt' of Hac ı Bektaş an.- readlly appanmt : Pi n Baba', were a eecumber-s, mi raculoua p.l lgıimage to the Ka ba i i. t i is modl"Ued clo&t> ly upon But the rnoıııt aipiCieant parallel undoubtedly eoncel'Tlll the mi· Li aimiJar t'xploit by Ha cı B..-ktq". There iL i" Lok man ·ı Pl!'rf'nde raeulouı RSCU~ from a ıı tonn cı. 221 which ,uppoeedly prompted ..... ho. whiie at pr. yer on Arafi t. wi:Jhes (or !LOLnr (nUt'1'1I which are Hoca ıbrahim to have the tekke erected... Wlthin the I·jldyet. llld me• jıu; t now ~ing prepared in his home, Hacı &>kU., taketl it upon t his ' 10f)' even oeeu ~ three ueee, a l ı hough it is not there can ' hirr&llf'U to bring th..m to hi m. [)iCCerent hcwever from Pin Baba'. nected with the laundalion of the zodye. Kather. one of the ıı.eafa· rattıe r J..- aai ntly muı..- r, Lokrnan ta quick to grup the . igniCicance non o ,"e'd in this laa hiOll. , mE'rehanl, , haw, his gratlıude by ot t be ",ent. Ht' hilnJ't'lr ea rrieıı home the lray as Li proof of his pr-entinJ; th~ ..int ...ilh a coruı l df' rab le ı um ol moıwy ~ a pi ~ 1I . ıudEo n t'a miracle, and upon hi. reuıee informs the other membera donation (Jlnir) , The o1lM-r. a an captain by the name of Kıra ~ ol the e:ummun i ıy . it il probable that the atory beard by Akkay a, eve n joiM the ci re~ of Hac ı Bekta4'. dervish-. Difl~n'nt from Pi· where Lhe tny alııo h.. such an important role to pJay, 'A'ti ~'~n ri Baba. bcwevee, Hac ı Bekt .. doea not in t ~ nııra ~ aaııu ı:ıe rnore ' trongly ırül ll~ nced by the Lokman- ı Peee nde tradition than tlıe shape ot lin ammal ; oeıee he appt'Al'8 wi Uıuu I . ny dia,UUM!, ",hı le wu the C&IIe' . 'ith Hoes ı brahim'a ,~ion. in the second episode ht- takts 0ıI lhe fornı of a compleUly nalr..ed A noth~r paral~1 is 'ppaf?nt in the aWf)' of Piri Baba ', grar-. deniah". if on the other hand, Piri Baba is eeen by Hoca l brahım ll, 111 According lo tlw l' ildyd · lIId _ of Hacı IWIı:ta.t, the Mint. aa' deve, t his ıraditiOll may well ha'"e resulted from contaminatioıı eeeceıpemed by HlZlr. m illi th~ garden of a et'rtain &Jı,eddin in oi tbe ' resc\le--from -Uıe- atorm ' atery with the E'pi8Ode in whiclı Ha aptingtirne". The visiton ask for rn ~l orı s., . ·hich the hoet is unable c ı Bekta4 meeıe the dem.hes of Rum. For it i, by I ppearing aa a to providoe at such ' n ", rly "&lIOn. Ha cı &lı:tq t lM-n ca l1M1l thrre don' thal Hacı Bekt.aıı onl'COml'8 the resiatance of the ftItab1ished mf'kms to riJW'n and is given two by the uton hıh ed gardenE'r. who holy men , nd managdl to kttle in ttwir le rritory" . ~ta ı l'l» the third to take hom~ at night. Ap in Bahuddin is; nıher Tbese parallels do not ıtrictly prow that the .~p le w~~ l'e' q ıı icb r to gn'p the apiri tua.l mf'aning of this e~nt than Piri Ba· Ia-ttod J"iri Baba'. miraclt'tl "'er'(! in taet acqualnted wttb t he V ı ld yd · ba', f~ lI ow Wwnllmt'n: ht- becomt'S a dt-voted foll ow ~ r ol the &aint. Na_ diNCtly. Lt is con~ i v.b le that the com pUo nı of tbf> 1"''0 if" ?iri Baba', a u peoma t ııra l ability LO .allen 8tone. attested both ~nds simply u tiliıtod tradition_ c ıı rrt" n t in ıhe ome milie1l. But a in the Hoca ı bra h i m and Evliya ~Iebi "eraions, O. 9: U, b. d i a180 knowledge ol thf> ııt o r y of Ha c ı Bt-kı... is , till rather Iı k: ly . if lıo. hu i ı. p aralle iıı in the I ~gend of Ha c ı IWk taş. The lalt~r oint oppna thf> period in which t hiıı k-gt'nd wu compHed would prov ıde a ter a window in hia plıı «o ol rt'trn t, or çild ane, by t h~ ııimple ~xped i e nt minWl ante 'luem lor t he compollitian of P ı rt Baba'. men akı.b-Jlame" , of hitting the wall with hiıı fi ıı t ... Fı.ırt h~r parallels can be found In Iocal Anatolian lege nda. from the imprint8 of Ha c ı IWkta,', t~th 31 h ..yu. i "{"'r . p. 11. LOLL . ıKI .. ı... w....,.. 3 ~ V ,/dY" ' · fd. Gölp ın a 'Iı. p. n · V Ild Jl"' - ..ı 33 CoolC\"nı ln" i u"", E vli,... n'.ek of hlol -..~.. e<>mpa ıı ., k u re ıı: ... n. 311 ...... k'". _ , p. l:\.a/ t>...... d . GOIp,n.rh, p. M -n. 71. V Jıtll'"" "..ı ,"~. t lı lr 4 H ıı c . ~.- ı:',1I" (·....11 1 s..1ı,,1I . ' , B;" lood Cildi."", K".",."k"'" Vu r B, .. A.....,lrr. 40 ord. G11lp'n.,h, p. Tl . I.. iM ..p....,.., a.,kta, _ . ( laU nbul. i~' , p. U tt. ... ndıı H,Kt r to ...y bo&l In 4anvr ol .ı n k ln" . :1'1 ." k ,II· p. :ıa n . Vlldr , 4 , f'd. G11 l pınat h. p. t;.1 . tl V i ıa"", ·." ", ,, 4. C.6lp ın a r lı . p. LB . "'!'ıo n V ı/ıt l/ d - :ti'> .ii "k,/)- P 800, V ;l ıt ..,.. , .•,j , ..ı . GöJp,ndrli. p. 2%·21. U G6lp'nar" in "'" Int ...... t o t l><' .." ...... p. XXV a....m... du r ı n lı ı ! nft,...ot lı :ıt; " ,1,, /)-..,,"'. , p. LIb. VIL" l"" ...4 4. Gö lpınuh. p. 38. t hat in LU pr...... t rorm lt wu cuonJ>Olf<"d .. Ih. M'COn4 .. of I I><' 7 SU R.-\!YA F A f!; OQH I PIRI BA BA O F MERZWOX 669 )Ol uch leq ııign i ncllrı t are the pa ralle1B between the story of Pt ",millnil doubtful in \"Iı riO U$ reepeete. Th e language of the text poinlll ri Baba and oth...r b mo us It'Kt'ndary texts bt'lon ging to the Bektashi to tht" seventeenth rather- tb ıı n to the tinıt half of the ı i xt een t h cen Irad it ion. such Lu those rol ati ng to Abd al ıı u.sa . KılJ l Deli. Hıı cım Iury". Wh ile this Iıl11 t e of . (( aire. ma y ot eeurse bt' d ut' to latt'r Sul tıın or ŞiJcao>dd in Baba. Th t' mira culoutı. BOf1ening of .tont' ıılso adapta t ton, it doee not t'nclly ı ncreese contidence in a n ",arly dau eecura in tbe Il!gt'ltd of lkyyit Ali Sultan or Kı z ıl Dt'1i. "'hile U. eım of romposition . MO l""O\"~r. il Şamhothı Hoca I bnıhim did in faet ıı hamı Hs cı Bo.-ktllf·s power 10 change into ii eove ıı t wilı . an d Ş ü fi n ıın ~ repain to the- tt'kke, ..y in the eeventeenth eeruury, ht' eeeodı n ~f~ the gi!ta of!t'red him by one of his wealthy edhe m iı:ht have had an intereet in nown ling the JMIIQkIINI<ı1l'W to . uit ren ta", HOIl~ Vf!r. the twc {irst-namt'd tıılt'll mııy jus t as "'~ii h ıı v t' hiıı own t'nda. Un,u.r u ıeee cireuma ııı nOf"l . it iıı fortunate that Ev ecme f ro m t he l'ildyet-MrM' of Hac ı Bektq direct.ly. and the third liyıı ·. eeeccet gh"ell us ii welf-de veloped versi on of t ht' legend . ·hkh i$ \Iı~ıı - n igh univerdi in the biognphit'll ol eeeeue uinta". Com. muııt have bt-flı current about 1600. Due to itti ecstence, t he ({un partaon with th_ k-gt'ndıı tht'reby doea not ıı dd to ou r knowiedge Uan IILL to when Hoca ı brahim really wroee ~ ıe.. preuing. in ii wııy Il'hich would belıı us date tbe story of the Menifon ..in ı- if the cJa.imaı ut Hoca ı br ıı him ıı re to be ıaken ıı t ııli M'riou ııly , ""'"' "".ı.ı. lo fııtd ..IUtt' . _ OK ın. oU , . I ıı ı ıw ı ..k .... _pk... -ı, ~ ....1IdıIıP u.ıı boo -.,.0 .pouı LrOIII i .... i Tlıı ı. " _ \ii ,,_ ol I... the MnIodkıb-OIO'",," of Piri Baba &houkl ha ve been oomJX*'d not too " 'PriQI>« f.oc1 tlut I lM! ....ı&dıııp ot Bo-ktaaIIl- l..k.w., -nh i .... "ll.CO'pUOII ot IM I., ka. -.-xiaıı-S Iong after t he dt'ath ol its bero. For the au lbor ckMJely _re l"t'plarl,. _ lroTf'd ....11 klt.a. WlIhmul ii ~ ..... ı n. Soolır.tulIl hi. acccunt wıth the conııtru etion or the lt!kke, which llu l'poııNly ...... m UM. •_pare. .. _ ...... pk __ır ıa.a.i\,. Ilafnoldlrl A nı ''1 l ilfot. toolı: place whilt' Piri Baba'. nepbew was et üı al ive. even tbough by liooı ce...ı E " kat...... 136Il4II. thıı t timt' ht' Il..... very old nuın. sıeee the tt'k ke wiu ! unctioning 11 ıua _ bHOtı ~lhW to ı. i.....iu... 011 1110- i . ~ ol p\rt Haba. _ h ıdı by about 1520. the original verstcn of the kogt'nd ıı hould have been .ppea" LO hau ..ıı A. the conquest ol Iıtanbul Lt ment lcned in the meJIaklb-lwme. the i ıı poesible t hıt the role of He u ce. ~I u hım med'ı firat wıre ınd one earliefll and I ıt nt ımon g the Ilkely tT Compe. .. !tonaıd C. J eQOlll1'a, . Wo m...... F....r ly 171h C<-nlU ' 7 {)Ilom. n Ju dıclal Rnotd• • nı. sn..ı. Courı of A nl ol laıı K. ,....rt. . Jooı .....l 01 LA. 1>0;0' !LO Evli)''' BatıSal KÖJl kU no. ~ . p. St . h. • 0 ...... 11 6...... ' H ioı l ""Jf 01 Ille 0 ...... 1, XV IIL l, U97 ~ I . ~ ~ . 1l ~ . M Evll y.. Ra'dal KÖJlkU. no. 301. p. S4. b. 48 Jl~",,"'cl>...... _, p. 6a;tı . 112 W.. Cd e not M r brk1' gll m ı-e- of l he ..l aı L-.h lp belwt'O'n ma. l rr and ______411 N ,,_ p. :Lb. 1 a pp'''lll iee ...h.... Pırt Babıfa ın u t..r makc. h ı . Pffperal loıı. for l h. ptlv1mall"e. _ r 6i2 St:KAIYA F AROQHI P IRI 8 A1JA OF M ERZ I FQ:-ı 613 account of life among a rt i Sll mı contam s no reterence to a for mal was not epparentty affiliate d witn any particular order ", Even guil d struct ure no t- to th e tradit ions current tb ere in. though the legend of H a c ı Bekt aş probably Influenced the biography Aside from th e cra ftsml." n. the text alsa retere se veral tim es ot Pirl Baba, t he story doea not usociate tbese two ı:ı a i n tı:ı in any t o th e ı aem a. Unlike ma ny etertes belcngtng- to t he Bektashi tradl way. Among t he holy men of Anatolia known from other eou rces, tion in th e na rrowe r serise of the word . the e ııta bli ıı ht"d rcligious Pi ri Baba ili eoneldered only to have been in eome ecntect with Ko Icaders of the eommunhy are treated with a rcaecn able degrce of yun Baba. patre n of th e ııan ctua ry jocated in the nea rby to wn of reepeet ". When Piri Baba re f u ııc ıı the gifts offered him by the Sul Osman cık. Rivalry iL:! depicted as t he dominant feature of thi s re. tan. he a uggestıı th at t hey be give n to t he loca l rdcmfl I neı e ed. IIQ tattonship. and Koyu n Baba ia definitely mad e out to be epirttually t hat th ey might pra y for the saıva ucn of h i ıı sö ul'". At th e ıı a me inferior to the hero of th e legend", While Piri Baba re jecıe the tim e. Piri Baba is made to surpass th e u ı,. ma in knowledge. This iıı gi ftJı oitered to him by t he Su lta n and is quite displeased when sorne de mo nıı t r ated in th e Iı tOry of the ııc ho l ar from Gilan. who had pcsed ot his d isc i p le ıı ıı how fewer ecruplea, Koyun Baba Ls deptcted LLS as· a diffien!t rengtcue question to th e ulcfM (lf Amu ya"'. As he did king t he ruler for gold , foundation Iandil and woollen fabrice for hiıı not r ece ı ve an answcr, he wcnt on to ~ I e rl.i f on . where the local tear ri"rv illoh l'll-. Much of th iıı rivalry should prcbably be asc ribed to the ned men were equally perp lexed. However, Pin Baba went out of fac t th at th e two senctuanes were ıccated very close to one a rı ot her . his way to eave the pride of t he ule ma . In fact he did not even ent er But etnee Koyun Baba wee considered a fol\ower of Olman Ba Into any direct eontact with th e scholar from Gilan. It was one of ba. one of t he major ('Olonizing dervishes of t he Halkans, it iıı atec the ı oca t rel i gi ou ıı leeders who passed th e queation on to t he ss tnt, posaible that the atory wa ıı meant to highllght dif fert'nce8 in ge and when the ı auer wea requeeted to keep süenr abcut t he inctdent neral wortd-vtew between th e t wo dervish teaders. the det ette of he showed no hesitation a bııu t doing so. whic h escape Us today. if t h i ıı esaumpt ton ia at aU reeltsttc, it is al According to the legeud as rclated by Hoca İ brah i m , Piri Baba so Iikely tha t th e author of Piri Baba's lege nd i n t e rı ded to deser-ibe him as rather a 'moderate' figure. in splte of the outward eccen t ricityof h i ıı behav iour. T~ a pp' ..nll « LıI to rem" ln in h l ~ m,,~ le ". hOIlM', bul In Ih.. dII)'tln'.. ~ •• Reapect for the ulema did not however preelude veneration for "" p"(Ir T.. rill Drrgiai F : fJ ,r 674 SU R Al T A "'''ROQHI PIRI BABA OF" MERZlFON the Sultan', eoert. Whlle the ı wry f'mphasi u-ı the Cact that Pin and • « m in equilibri um had been reecbed. Unlortunately we do Baba did not wu n to demand elther preeenta or fıvuunl from th.. not ~ally know where to ı ceeee ı h ı. point in ti mot. euıee, t hl ı may have been no moee than • face-saving dev ıee », \\lIen Ccmpared to the Byı.antin e le J{f." ndıı. ı t ud i ed by Evelyne PaU a hiı di acipl.. Kara Baba . Ut'r the death of the aa int .....ent to ıstanbul gean. urban eoeıeı y aa lt is depicted in the atory ol Pin Baba ap to petiUon Su ltan Meh ml"t for help in eıı t a bliı h ing • foundation, he ı ~a nı oomparatively ıta~ and eeeu re. Thia ia true ,ıBo il we com "''&ıl kept ...... iUng and d ied wilhout receivmg the expected ıdl " II pere it to t he open cou nt ryside aa deseribed in the Iegenda of Hac ı WaA dul' to the etfom ol t he l oaı l ci tiz.ıe nry . and partkuıarl y of Ho Btokla, . nd Haerm Sul tan. Ikmonic enlitiUt'S. so commo n in Byun ca ı brahim. that . tek ke and. ml ll$Oleum weee riD'lIy ereeeed. line hagiography. are totaııy '~nt l rom the atory ol Pir! Baba ı.. far .. the k-gend ia coneerned, no explanation is ofiend for and co mparatiYotly rare in the other t we legenıh. ....rhie h howotver the rnpectful . Ioofneu . how n by the Su ltan. However,• puııage MYot their- (air ahare of robben, qtıarft'iaomot holy men, tynnnk a) repcrted only by Evli)" may help \ILI penetrete eomewhat turther. Iorda and t ear.iDllpiring rulen.. A ı the aame time, the life atory of When de noundng Pin Ba ba for R m ng t he women bathen in the t he ME'n:i!on Nint doea not _ m to be mııch ecneereed witb the Eski Hamam, the local not.b ı ~ UHd epithet...... hich weee normally moral edifiattorı of i uı pubhe, In thi. reatu",. tht' If'gend d i rfE'nı reR~ for heterodox Any ~spec t able miraele' wcrker must be able to see into the runee. and Piri Baba pro,," his ıneU Ie by pnodlcting the ronquest of IstanbuL. Furt ~rmoft he acts aa a kind of t utelary epirtt to t he Eski Hamam. which at Iegt aocording to E" liya Çelebi wu sup poııed to have he_Iing propertiefl·'. Probably beeause of tbese protectlve qualiti('ll, the Inhabitanta of t he vIIIage where be waa bom ume to )ferzifon ahortly al ter hia dea th to ela lm hia body, and it waa only alter heated diıK:uuion t hat the townsmen ma naged to )n; ıtz l FON' LU z ı a r BABA keep lt... These features ILli point to the Sıl i n t aa _ aymbol ata nding tor t he unity ol the urban eommunity and the enhanOfment of ila ftputation _p.ilUit outsidera. be they viII_ger&. inbabilants of nearby Ri va ~ t kabilinden )·uılm" meün jer, xtv. iil XVi. ..ı r lu ara· _ında gelişme l e r yapılan ıowa.. or even the Su ltan h l mııoe lt . An_dolu'daki _yal ve dini üurine taht m_lar ic:in büylik ön..m t&4ı mak tadı r. Mf'nifonl u Piri & bıı hiki y..-i de bu tü r mettnl..rden biridir. Ömrünün bUyük bı r k ı ıı m ı n ı Merzifon'da E. 678 S URAIV", f'AROQHI ayrıca İstanbu l' un fethini ön«den h.~r vermeltMo de ~ı~ğj gö• rebilme kabiliydini iııpat1amıttı r . Şi t. vnld özelliklere ..hip olan Eııki Hamam'I n koru yuro nı hu olmu•. ölümünden hel1M'n lIOn,.. doğ dutu köyün hallı:ı ~I ern(on· . ~lip kendisine sahip çıkmı, ve bu Ila· rtıamın d. Idarriini Uurlf'rine .lml,larol. PIn Baba ' nın bu öu llik· leri tehir toplumu nun birli ği Için daimi bir se mbct olank k.l mı.tt ı r. P LEVN A A lc.rtI1ll1r w V. Bold ur T he etege of Plevn a t t'Ieven i ia but one of t he epiecdes oC the RUIllIO·Romen Turkish wat of 1877-1818. Hcwever it has been of ntn'me importance in the course of the wer'. During nve montha the Ru ıı ııian ertny was nailed down around this 5t ronghold an d the RUMi. ns _ul lered dere_u ",-hlch put the problem of ii ntn at of the RUBSian . ım f to the ldı bank ol the Danube an d the cnAtion aJtogeıhf'f ol h05tilities. PwVt'n ""U not • man-m. de fol"UY'M built of stcee or bricb. It w.. builı by N _tıı ", itaoel( : a hollow eurroueded by ~~raJ billocka. and tbe rt ver Grivitaa nowing through it, The PIevna ep~ bfogi na ~i t b tbe Cr'OlIIing ol Oama n Puha'ı army. unobserved by the Rwlliana. (rom Vidin to Psevee. The Ruıı l ana did not ",.liR t he I mportan~ of thia move. Witb the 1 1.,_ "'"lloiMIııııj .... Lin·'n" ını. HıatM)' tA tbe w.. un.un ı . v. I-II I. Buc .... "'.ı . t $81 .ı8a8 . o~_.'" ...... '.re'.k..' ...... , l ım -'ıt7" iN. """D. ' ı.c..r. corniaii 0.... Shta t.. 111M o-crıpt _ of ule R_ h,ltlalr W . ı ot ı S7 ı · un . f'dIt0'4 b)' tlw mU ı ıuy. hıator. commlut.oıı ol o., ıı..dqua rt~.. i R....' " . ı- ıv . 81. . h · t ~..bu rl". 11101 . G<-n &:""1.,11. Ad...... 1 fal",*, ...p.... ,. ~ .", ... l llfat or lcal Tnılh . bou ı 1·1...... 1. ı. ..ı. Ilın . G<-n. Ro du Rolı..UL P ....,_ i . ..'" ...... ,.....,...... :i1Od 14 ...... 1>0.... D.. 1671 _ ______b _ 1009 , --.,'...' varak : 1·2, ..., 1010 S. FAROQll1 S. FA ROQll1 • :/.... Vara k : 3 ~ 4. Vnrak : ~. 6. 1012 8. FAROQHI 8. FAROQlJ/ 1013 i· i ., ı . ! ,i V. rak : t ••. V. rak : • • 10. l 1015 1014. ·..r) Varak : LL· 12. v arak : 13 · U . !Uı6 S. f'AROQll1 S. f'MWQIII 10\7 P:rl Ba tN!: ı li r t.....·ıı: h' 1lI\I!lluk lar Varak : U · 16. 1 / 1018 s. FAROQ1ll Pı r t Baba TO r b e ıd. kubbea l i if i Plrl Baba Ttlrbes l ı Ç süelemetert.