Infant Sleep Position and SIDS Questions and Answers for Health Care Providers
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Keeping Children Safe: a Guide for Caregivers
KEEPING CHILDREN SAFE A Guide for Caregivers Poscor Centre for Children & Families 26 Arrowsmith Road P.O. Box 1170, Depot 1, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 4B9 Phone: 905-522-1121 Emergency After Hours Service: 905-522-8053 www.hamiltoncas.com NOTES __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ Mission Statement __________________________________________________ The Children’s Aid Society of Hamilton, in partnership with __________________________________________________ families and our community, is committed to the safety, __________________________________________________ -
Recognizing When a Child's Injury Or Illness Is Caused by Abuse
U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Recognizing When a Child’s Injury or Illness Is Caused by Abuse PORTABLE GUIDE TO INVESTIGATING CHILD ABUSE U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs 810 Seventh Street NW. Washington, DC 20531 Eric H. Holder, Jr. Attorney General Karol V. Mason Assistant Attorney General Robert L. Listenbee Administrator Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Office of Justice Programs Innovation • Partnerships • Safer Neighborhoods www.ojp.usdoj.gov Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention www.ojjdp.gov The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention is a component of the Office of Justice Programs, which also includes the Bureau of Justice Assistance; the Bureau of Justice Statistics; the National Institute of Justice; the Office for Victims of Crime; and the Office of Sex Offender Sentencing, Monitoring, Apprehending, Registering, and Tracking. Recognizing When a Child’s Injury or Illness Is Caused by Abuse PORTABLE GUIDE TO INVESTIGATING CHILD ABUSE NCJ 243908 JULY 2014 Contents Could This Be Child Abuse? ..............................................................................................1 Caretaker Assessment ......................................................................................................2 Injury Assessment ............................................................................................................4 Ruling Out a Natural Phenomenon or Medical Conditions -
Safe Sleep Practices at Home and in the NICU
Safe Sleep Practices At home and in the NICU How do I put my The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends that infants, under baby to sleep 1 year of age, be placed to sleep on their backs every time you lay them down to sleep. This lowers the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). safely at home? When your infant is able to roll from their back to their stomach or side, they can sleep in the position they prefer. What else can I do At home, follow the safe sleep practices below and use the photo on page 2 to keep my baby as a guide for placing your baby to sleep. safe? • Place your baby on their back to sleep for every sleep. • Use a firm sleep surface, such as a crib or bassinet, with a fitted sheet. • Room share, but do not bed share. Only bring baby into your bed to feed or comfort. Do not fall asleep with the baby in your bed. • Never place your baby to sleep on a couch, sofa, or armchair. • Keep the crib bare. Avoid using soft bedding, including crib bumpers, blankets, pillow, and soft toys. (If there is a medical need, your baby may go home with a wedge.) • It is OK to swaddle your baby. Make sure the blanket is at the armpits or below. • Do not let your baby get too hot during sleep. • Offer your baby a pacifier at nap time and bedtime. • Breastfeed if you are able. • Do not use home monitors or commercial devices marketed to reduce the risk of SIDS. -
Caden Bassinet
Made in China RH Baby&Child 2900 North MacArthur Dr. Tracy, CA 95376, USA 1-800-762-1751 Distributed in Canada by: RH Canada, Inc. 1500-1055 West Georgia St., Vancouver, British Columbia V6E 4N7 △! WARNING: Read all instructions before assembling this product. KEEP INSTRUCTIONS FOR FUTURE USE. CUSTOMER SERVICE If you are missing parts or have any questions about this product, contact us first. You can also order parts by writing to the address above. Include the product model number, color, and a brief description of the part. Or call 1-800-762-1751. CLEANING AND MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS Check bolts periodically for tightness. Cover can be removed for cleaning. Cleaning with natural soap in lukewarm water. Sponge briskly and rinse thoroughly with clean water to remove dirt. Professional cleaning is always recommended for tough stains. △! WARNING: FAILURE TO FOLLOW THESE WARNINGS & INTRUCTIONS COULD RESULT IN SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH. FALL HAZARD - To help prevent falls, do not use this product when the infant begins to push up on hands and knees or has reached 10kgs (22lbs.), whichever comes first. SUFFOCATION HAZARD Infants have suffocated: In gaps between extra padding and side of the bassinet / cradle. On soft bedding. Use ONLY the pad provided by manufacturer. NEVER add a pillow, comforter, or another mattress for padding. To reduce the risk of SIDS, pediatricians recommend healthy infants be placed on their backs to sleep, unless otherwise advised by your physician. If a sheet is used with the pad, use only the one provided by the bassinet or cradle manufacturer or one specifically designed to fit the dimensions of the bassinet or cradle mattress. -
Clinical Update and Treatment of Lactation Insufficiency
Review Article Maternal Health CLINICAL UPDATE AND TREATMENT OF LACTATION INSUFFICIENCY ARSHIYA SULTANA* KHALEEQ UR RAHMAN** MANJULA S MS*** SUMMARY: Lactation is beneficial to mother’s health as well as provides specific nourishments, growth, and development to the baby. Hence, it is a nature’s precious gift for the infant; however, lactation insufficiency is one of the explanations mentioned most often by women throughout the world for the early discontinuation of breast- feeding and/or for the introduction of supplementary bottles. Globally, lactation insufficiency is a public health concern, as the use of breast milk substitutes increases the risk of morbidity and mortality among infants in developing countries, and these supplements are the most common cause of malnutrition. The incidence has been estimated to range from 23% to 63% during the first 4 months after delivery. The present article provides a literary search in English language of incidence, etiopathogensis, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and current update on treatment of lactation insufficiency from different sources such as reference books, Medline, Pubmed, other Web sites, etc. Non-breast-fed infant are 14 times more likely to die due to diarrhea, 3 times more likely to die of respiratory infection, and twice as likely to die of other infections than an exclusively breast-fed child. Therefore, lactation insufficiency should be tackled in appropriate manner. Key words : Lactation insufficiency, lactation, galactagogue, breast-feeding INTRODUCTION Breast-feeding is advised becasue human milk is The synonyms of lactation insufficiency are as follows: species-specific nourishment for the baby, produces lactational inadequacy (1), breast milk insufficiency (2), optimum growth and development, and provides substantial lactation failure (3,4), mothers milk insufficiency (MMI) (2), protection from illness. -
SIDS and Other Sleep-Related Infant Deaths: Expansion of Recommendations for a Safe Infant Sleeping Environment
Organizational Principles to Guide and Define the Child Health Care System and/or Improve the Health of all Children POLICY STATEMENT SIDS and Other Sleep-Related Infant Deaths: Expansion of Recommendations for a Safe Infant Sleeping Environment TASK FORCE ON SUDDEN INFANT DEATH SYNDROME abstract KEY WORDS Despite a major decrease in the incidence of sudden infant death syn- SIDS, sudden infant death, infant mortality, sleep position, bed- sharing, tobacco, pacifier, immunization, bedding, sleep surface drome (SIDS) since the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) released ABBREVIATIONS its recommendation in 1992 that infants be placed for sleep in a non- SIDS—sudden infant death syndrome prone position, this decline has plateaued in recent years. Concur- SUID—sudden unexpected infant death rently, other causes of sudden unexpected infant death that occur AAP—American Academy of Pediatrics during sleep (sleep-related deaths), including suffocation, asphyxia, This document is copyrighted and is property of the American and entrapment, and ill-defined or unspecified causes of death have Academy of Pediatrics and its Board of Directors. All authors have filed conflict of interest statements with the American increased in incidence, particularly since the AAP published its last Academy of Pediatrics. Any conflicts have been resolved through statement on SIDS in 2005. It has become increasingly important to a process approved by the Board of Directors. The American address these other causes of sleep-related infant death. Many of the Academy of Pediatrics has neither solicited nor accepted any commercial involvement in the development of the content of modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors for SIDS and suffocation are this publication. -
Definitions of Child Abuse and Neglect
STATE STATUTES Current Through March 2019 WHAT’S INSIDE Defining child abuse or Definitions of Child neglect in State law Abuse and Neglect Standards for reporting Child abuse and neglect are defined by Federal Persons responsible for the child and State laws. At the State level, child abuse and neglect may be defined in both civil and criminal Exceptions statutes. This publication presents civil definitions that determine the grounds for intervention by Summaries of State laws State child protective agencies.1 At the Federal level, the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment To find statute information for a Act (CAPTA) has defined child abuse and neglect particular State, as "any recent act or failure to act on the part go to of a parent or caregiver that results in death, https://www.childwelfare. serious physical or emotional harm, sexual abuse, gov/topics/systemwide/ or exploitation, or an act or failure to act that laws-policies/state/. presents an imminent risk of serious harm."2 1 States also may define child abuse and neglect in criminal statutes. These definitions provide the grounds for the arrest and prosecution of the offenders. 2 CAPTA Reauthorization Act of 2010 (P.L. 111-320), 42 U.S.C. § 5101, Note (§ 3). Children’s Bureau/ACYF/ACF/HHS 800.394.3366 | Email: [email protected] | https://www.childwelfare.gov Definitions of Child Abuse and Neglect https://www.childwelfare.gov CAPTA defines sexual abuse as follows: and neglect in statute.5 States recognize the different types of abuse in their definitions, including physical abuse, The employment, use, persuasion, inducement, neglect, sexual abuse, and emotional abuse. -
CPSC 2011 Annual Report to the President and Congress
2011 2011 ANNUAL REPORT TO THE PRESIDENT AND CONGRESS United States Consumer Product Safety Commission United States Consumer Product Safety Commission Chairman Inez Tenenbaum Vice Chairman Commissioner Robert Adler Nancy Nord Commissioner Anne Northup Report to the President and Congress Pursuant to Section 209 of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 The United States Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) is submitting this report to the President, Congress, and the public, as required under section 27(j) (15 U.S.C. 2076(j)) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA), as amended by the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (CPSIA). The content of this report is specified in the CPSA and the CPSIA. The report describes many of the activities performed to protect the public from hazardous consumer products. Readers may also be interested in the CPSC’s 2011 Performance and Accountability Report, required by the Government Performance and Results Act. All reports are available on the CPSC’s website at: www.cpsc.gov. The CPSC (or the Commission), established by Congress in 1972, is the federal regulatory body tasked with protecting children and families from unreasonable risks of injuries associated with consumer products. In 2010, the Commission launched a comprehensive strategic planning initiative to update its existing strategic plan and help align agency priorities to meet the challenges of the twenty-first century. For example, globalization and technological advances have increased the range of products on the market, as well as the challenges involved in overseeing and regulating thousands of product types that can be assembled across multiple countries. -
Overcoming Breastfeeding Concerns- Part 2
9/21/2018 OVERCOMING BREASTFEEDING Presented by: CONCERNS- PART 2 Kary Johnson, IBCLC OVERVIEW • Pacifiers • Pumping • Low Milk Supply • Feeding Multiples • Supplementation • Discharge Guidelines PICTURE FROM HTTPS://WWW.ETSY.COM/LISTING/464346270/BREAST-ENCOURAGEMENT-CARD-BREASTFEEDING 1 9/21/2018 PACIFIERS Step 9: Counsel mothers on the use and risks of feeding bottles, teats and pacifiers. What does the AAP say? •NG/Gavage •“Mothers of healthy term infants should be instructed to use pacifiers at •Hypoglycemia infant nap or sleep time after breastfeeding is well established, at Infant approximately 3 go 4 weeks of age.” •Lab draws • “Pacifier use should be limited to specific medical situations. These include Pain •Circumcision uses for pain relief, as a calming agent, or as part of a structured program •Illness for enhancing oral motor function.” •Medications Maternal •PMAD • NICU: to organize suck, swallow, breathe pattern of premature infant (in addition to reasons above) (AAP, 2012) PACIFIERS Ask yourself…what is the reason for use? Management: • All effort should be made to prevent separation of mom & baby (i.e. newborn nursery) • Avoid overuse • Be careful to not incorrectly pacify infant hunger • Non-nutritive sucking on mother’s breast is a great alternative Overuse or misuse results in: • Decreased breastfeeding duration • Reduced milk supply • Dental issues, difficulty weaning, and use well into childhood 2 9/21/2018 BREAST PUMPING Reasons a mother may need to pump: • Nipple trauma • Low milk supply • Late preterm infants -
Safe Sleep for Your Baby
SAFE SLEEP FOR YOUR BABY Reduce the Risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) and Other Sleep-Related Causes of Infant Death This is what a safe sleep environment looks like. The infant’s sleep area has no bumpers, pillows, blankets, or toys and is in the same room where the parents sleep. 1 Each year in the United States, thousands of babies die suddenly and unexpectedly. Some of these deaths result from unknown causes, such as Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), while others are from known causes, including other sleep-related causes of infant death. What is SIDS? SIDS is the sudden, unexpected death—that doesn’t have a known cause even after a full investigation—of a baby between 1 month and 1 year of age. About half of the sudden, unexpected infant deaths that occur in the United States each year are from SIDS. What are other sleep-related causes of infant death? Other sleep-related causes of infant death are those related to how or where a baby slept. These can include accidental: l Suffocation: when something, such as a pillow, or someone covers the baby’s face and nose, blocking the ability to breathe l Entrapment: when the baby gets trapped between two objects, such as a mattress and a wall, and can’t breathe l Strangulation: when something presses on or wraps around the baby’s neck, blocking baby’s airway Fast facts about SIDS l SIDS is the leading cause of death among babies 1 month to 1 year of age. l Most SIDS deaths happen when babies are between 1 month and 4 months of age. -
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Infant Safe Sleep Baby Education Program
INFANT SAFE SLEEP BABY EDUCATION PROGRAM In collaboration with 1 Objectives • Background on Safe Sleep Baby Campaign in Sacramento • Define infant sleep-related deaths terms • Knowledge of UC Davis Children’s Hospital P & P 4124 • Understand the AAP’s 2016 recommendations for infant safe sleep, including Risk Factors • Understand the 6 Steps to Safe Sleep Baby 2 Fast Facts • Every other week in Sacramento County, a baby dies while sleeping • A Significant Number of these babies are African American • Nearly all of them were found in unsafe sleep environments • Infant Sleep-Related Deaths are PREVENTABLE 3 Cause of Death: Co-sleeping, Infant Bed Alexa La’Ray Died at 4 days old Died at 6 weeks old 4 Risk Factors1 • Sleeping in a non-infant bed • Sleeping with others (adults and other children) • Sleeping with objects around baby, such as pillows, blankets, bumpers, stuffed animals, etc. • Sleeping in prone or side position 1 Task Force on Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, SIDS and other sleep-related infant deaths: expansion of recommendations for a safe infant sleeping environment. Pediatrics 2011;128e 1341-67 5 CHILDChild DEATH Death REVIEW Review TEAM Team DATA Data INFANT SLEEP-RELATED DEATHS Infant Sleep-Related Deaths • Every other week in Sacramento County a baby died while sleeping Cause of Death, 2013-2014 # of Deaths Infant Sleep-Related Deaths (incl. SIDS, SUIDS & 11 Undetermined) Drowning 4 CAN Homicide 3 Motor Vehicle Crashes 3 • Nearly all babies are found in unsafe sleep conditions • Leading cause of death for babies one month to one year of age – (~90% within first six months) • Occur in all socio-economic, racial and ethnic groups • A significant number of them are African American.