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New Species for the Vascular Flora of Republic of Macedonia and Their Distribution in the Balkan Peninsula

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New Species for the Vascular Flora of Republic of Macedonia and Their Distribution in the Balkan Peninsula 38 (1): (2014) 57-67 Original Scientific Paper New species for the vascular flora of Republic of Macedonia and their distribution in the Balkan Peninsula Marjan Niketić1✳, Gordana Tomović2, Ljupčo Melovski3, Vladimir Stevanović2 and Vlado Matevski3 1 Natural History Museum, Njegoševa 51, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia 2 Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Takovska 43, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia 3 Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Sts. Cyril and Methodius University, Arhimedova 66, 1000 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia ABSTRACT: During several botanical expeditions in the Republic of Macedonia (Mt Jablanica and Mt Baba: Pelister), a new genus Amphoricarpos Vis. and five new species for the flora of Macedonia were found: Euphorbia montenegrina (Bald.) K. Malý ex Rohlena, Prangos ferulacea (L.) Lindl., Tanacetum larvatum (Griseb. ex Pant) Hayek, Amphoricarpos autariatus Blečić & E. Mayer and Allium phthioticum Boiss. & Heldr. Most of them are mountainous Balkan (sub)endemics with less than 30 populations and with the center of distribution in southeastern Dinaric Alps. In this paper we discuss the phytogeographical importance of these five plants in the light of their new, more accurate distribution ranges in the Balkan Peninsula. In addition, new floristic records for the same species in the neighbouring Balkan countries (Albania, Montenegro and Serbia) are also presented. Key words: vascular flora, new records, distribution ranges, Republic of Macedonia, Balkan Peninsula Received: 12 October 2013 Revision accepted 18 January 2014 UDK 581.95.497.17 INTRODUCTION them, 114 flowering plant species are Macedonian endemics (Micevski & Matevski 1987; Matevski et al. The flora of the Republic of Macedonia is among the 2003; Matevski 2013). richest floras not only in respect to the Balkan Peninsula, Such richness and diversity of vascular plants on a but also in the context of the whole European continent. relatively small geographic area is the result of diverse According to recent data (Matevski et al. 2003), 210 geological, geomorphological and climatic factors, as families, 920 genera and 3700 species comprise the flora well as of historic circumstances that contributed to the of higher plants, angiosperms being the richest group establishment of different floral types (Tertiary, glacial, with about 3200 species. The current Macedonian flora boreal, xerothermic, endemic) in this area (Matevski represents a mosaic of various floral elements – Tertiary 2013; Melovski et al. 2010). Beside that, the Macedonian relicts, Mediterranean, Greek-Asia Minor, Caucasian, flora has been intensively studied for more than a century arcto-alpine, middle-European, Euroasian, holarctic and there are many data about species presence and their and cosmopoliitan (Matevski 2013). Endemic taxons distribution in the area (Grisebach 1843; Bornmüller (Illirian, Scardo-pindic, Balcan etc.) represent a special 1925, 1926, 1928, 1937; Micevski 1985-2005; Matevski characteristic and value of the Macedonian flora. Among 2010). Floristic contributions with new species and/or ✳correspondence: [email protected] © 2014 Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden Jevremovac, Belgrade 58 vol. 38 (1) Fig. 1. a, b - Euphorbia montenegrina from Mts. Prokletije, Maja Sapica (photo M. Niketić); c, e - Prangos ferulacea from Mt Baba (Pelister), Crvena Stena (photo M. Niketić); d, f - Tanacetum larvatum from Mts Prokletije, Mt Maja Kolata (photo M. Niketić); g - Amphoricarpos autariatus from Mt Jablanica, Malo Sedlo peak (photo G. Tomović); h - Allium phthioticum from Mt Jablanica, Podgorečko Ezero (the lake surroundings) (photo G. Tomović) M. Niketić et al: New species for the vascular flora of Republic of Macedonia and their distribution in the Balkan Peninsula 59 findings for the flora of Macedonia are regularly published in addition to monographic publications (Matevski 2002, 2002-2003; Matevski & Teofilovski 2004, 2011; Matevski et al. 2005, 2008, 2011; Niketić et al. 2007; Dimitrov 2007a, 2007b, 2011, 2012; Matevski & Kostadinovski 2009; Stevanović et al. 2009, 2010). Because of these characteristics, 42 Important Plant Areas were recently identified across Macedonian territory (Melovski et al. 2010). This paper represents the continuation of floristic and chorological studies of the vascular flora of the Republic of Macedonia. Five new species for the flora of Macedonia, collected at different localities on southwestern mountains Jablanica and Pelister, are presented in this paper. New findings for the same species in surrounding Balkan countries (Albania, Montenegro and Serbia) are also presented. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study was based on fieldwork in Mt Jablanica during the years 2006 and 2013 as well as in Mt Pelister in 2012. Besides the field survey, checking and revision of herbarium material and relevant literature sources were used for supplementation of the distribution records. Distribution of the species in the Republic of Macedonia and the Balkan Peninsula was mapped on 10 × 10 sq. km using the UTM grid system (UTM Zones 33-35T). New Fig. 2. Distribution of the species Euphorbia montenegrina (Bald.) records included findings that had not been registered in K. Malý ex Rohlena in the Balkan Peninsula the literature for individual UTM squares so far. Imprecise records relate to wider localities which included two or Helioscopia into the separate section, E. sect. Chamaebuxus more UTM 10 × 10 squares. Lázaro. There is a widespread opinion that E. montenegrina Collected plant material was deposited in the belongs to the E. epithymoides group, which includes five Herbarium of the Institute of Botany and Botanical closely related species and subspecies centered in the Balkan Garden “Jevremovac”, University of Belgrade (BEOU), the peninsula (Smith & Tutin 1968). This opinion was not Herbarium of the Natural History Museum in Belgrade supported by molecular analysis (Riina et al. 2013) which (BEO) and the Herbarium of the Naturhistorisches indicated that E. montenegrina is in a separate clade from Museum Wien, Austria (W), (Thiers 2013; http:// E. epithymoides L., together with E. verrucosa L. and E. sweetgum.nybg.org/ih) as well as in the Biology Students flavicoma DC. Research Society herbarium of the Faculty of Natural E. montenegrina is a Balkan endemic species distributed Sciences and Mathematics in Skopje. Nomenclature used in the Dinaric Alps, mountains of Bosnia and Herzegovina was according to the databases Euro+Med Plantbase (Lubarda 2013), Montenegro (Rohlena 1942) and (http://ww2.bgbm.org/EuroPlusMed/query.asp) or IOPI Serbia (Tomović 2007) as well as in Mts. Šar Planina in (http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/iopi/iopihome.htm). Serbia (Lazarević et al. 2013). It was also recorded in the low-altitude serpentine area of northern Bosnia and RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Herzegovina, together with closely related E. gregersenii K. Malý ex G. Beck (Aquaro et al. 2007). It occurs on different Euphorbia montenegrina (Bald.) K. Malý ex Rohlena – geological substrata usually on stony sites in the zone of Euphorbiaceae (Fig. 1a, b) Pinetum sylvestris-nigrae, Picea abies, Pinus peuce or Pinus This perennial species is usually classified in E. sect. mugo communities. Its chromosome number (2n = 22) was Helioscopia Dumort. (Smith & Tutin 1968; Riina et counted by Aquaro et al. (2007). al. 2013), although Geltman (2008) considers that it First record in the Republic of Macedonia: Mt is reasonable to include perennial species of E. sect. Jablanica: Podgorečko Ezero (the lake surroundings), rocks, 60 vol. 38 (1) 2000 m, conglomerate (limestone + silicate), DL56, coll./ different literature sources. According to Duran et al. det. M. Niketić, 18-Jul-2006 (BEOU 21602; BEO 20060710). (2005) the genus has “almost 28 species”. In The Plant List New record in Montenegro: Mts. Prokletije: Maja (http://www.theplantlist.org) there are ca. 18 accepted Sapica (Kunj Kadis), rocky pastures, 2000 m, silicate, names, but a dozen of unresolved names from the Eastern DN00, coll./det. M. Niketić, 07-Jul-1995 (BEO 19950705). Mediterranean are accepted in Euro+Med (2006–). This species was not quoted in the Flora of the Republic P. ferulacea is the type species of the genus and it has a of Macedonia (Micevski 1998). The newly-discovered widespread range across the C and E Mediterranean, locality of E. montenegrina represents the southernmost Near and Middle East: central part of the Apennine distributional border for the species. Only recently, new Peninsula, Sicily, Balkan Peninsula (Croatia, Montenegro, localities of this plant from Montenegro (Petrović 2008) Albania, Serbia, Bulgaria, Greece), Romania, Anatolia, and southwestern Serbia (Lazarević et al. 2013: 281-282) Transcaucasus, southwest Asia (to Israel to the south) and were also reported. The nearest locality from Mt Jablanica Middle East (Iran, Turkmenistan). In the global IUCN is situated c. 85 km northwards on Mts. Šar Planina Red List of Threatened Plants (Walter & Gillett 1998: (Šutman) in Serbia (Amidžić et al. 1999: 65) (Fig. 2). The 587) it has vulnerable (V) status. population on Mt Jablanica is limited to the rocks around This aromatic plant has a scattered distribution in the the lake and has fewer than 100 individuals. Balkan Peninsula. It grows mostly in mountainous areas between 1000 and 2000 m s.m. (southeastern Dinaric Alps, Prangos ferulacea (L.) Lindl. – Apiaceae (Fig. 1c, e) Scardo-Pindic mountain range and northern Peloponnese) ≡ Cachrys ferulacea
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