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Parallel Lives

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Parallel Lives Number 51 Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail April 2012 Parallel Lives: Missionaries Kino and Serra Julianne Burton-Carvajal, El Camino Real de California Initiative hen the men, women and children of the island of Mallorca. Both wished to rest their bones WAnza expedition chartered a new settlement in the New World and were honored with burials at route in the American West, they walked in the foot- mission complexes of their own founding – Kino at steps of others. This is the story of two earlier trail- Magdalena in the northern Mexican state of Sonora, blazers who led parallel lives although they lived in Serra at Mission San Carlos Borromeo del Río Car- different centuries. melo near Monterey. Last year marked the Joining their respec- 300th anniversary of tive religious orders the death of Father as young men, both Eusebio Kino (1645- were beneficiaries of 1711), founder of the university educations first Jesuit mission in who chose the mission- Baja California and ary path in mid-life. many others in North- Kino, who arrived in western New Spain, a the Viceroyalty of New region that included Spain in 1681 at age 36, southern Arizona. would spend 30 years Next year marks the in the mission field. 300th anniversary of Arriving in the same the birth of Franciscan Viceroyalty in 1750 at Friar Junípero Serra the same age as his pre- (1713-1784), founder of decessor, Serra would the first nine missions dedicate 34 years to in the Alta California New World missionary chain that ranged in his endeavors. lifetime from San Diego to San Francisco. Kino (left) represents Arizona in the National Hall of Statuary in Blessed with indomi- Washington, D.C., while Serra (right) represents California. table energy as well as Both were born in sufficient political adept- relatively isolated regions of the Old World – Kino ness to overcome opposition and setbacks, both in the Italian Alps, Serra on the Spanish-Catalán were visionary priests who repeatedly traversed Continued, p. 2 Number 51 . April 2012 Feature Article Kino and Serra, Continued - 1692. A century later, coinciding with the enormous distances in order to promulgate their faith building of several permanent Alta California and sustain the new, culturally hybrid society they mission churches, Franciscans oversaw construction were helping to create. of the carved stone façade and elaborate interior decorations. As recounted in Bernard Fontana’s Both served as missionaries on the western and exhaustively researched and gloriously illustrated northern frontiers of New Spain. Kino was first Gift of Angels (University of Arizona, 2010), assigned to the inhospitable Baja California Mission San Xavier del Bac manifests stylistic and Peninsula, then to Sinaloa on the opposite shore iconographic ties to the five Sierra Gorda mission of the Sea of Cortés, and finally to the remote Pimería churches of Querétaro state, developed under Serra Alta region encompassing the province of Sonora and and his Franciscan companions in the 1750s. today’s southern Arizona. He populated that region with missions while ceaselessly aspiring to chart it and Both Kino and Serra lost beloved brothers of their to connect it to California – a feat that Juan Bautista respective orders to martyrdom and prepared de Anza II would themselves to meet finally accomplish a similar end, yet six decades after both succumbed Kino’s death. instead to natural causes –Kino at 66, Serra was first Serra at 71. Neither assigned to the left behind a made- Sierra Gorda, a from-life image, mountainous sec- yet paintings and tion of north-central statues continue to Mexico long resis- proliferate, cre- tant to missioniza- ated by artists who tion, then briefly imagine their hu- to Baja California, man features as a and finally to Alta means of evoking California, where he their indomitable founded nine mis- spirits. sions between 1769 and The façade of Mission San Xavier del Bac in Southern Arizona. his death fifteen years later. In the National Hall of Statuary in Washington, D.C., both missionaries enjoy the signal distinction Although their lives did not overlap, the career trajec- of being one of two figures chosen as founding em- tories of Kino and Serra intersect in one of the most blems of the states associated with them: California, magnificently conserved of all Spanish colonial mis- admitted in 1850, and Arizona, currently celebrating sion churches, San Xavier del Bac, south of Tucson. its centennial. The Mexican postal service has Kino initiated the first missionary activities there in honored Kino with a stamp, and the United States postal service has done the same for Serra. Finally, Table of Contents both missionary pioneers are currently embarked on parallel journeys of recognition within the Roman April 2012 Catholic Church – Kino towards beatification, Serra towards sainthood. Along the Trail p. 3 Anza Recreation Trail p. 8 Adapted from a presentation to the 17th Annual International Conference of the Anza Society at Albuquerque, N.M., in National Park Service Partners p. 9 March 2011 and connected to “From Kino to Serra,” a Anuncios p. 11 2011 exhibition at Manresa Gallery, St. Ignatius Church, San Francisco. 2 Number 51 . April 2012 Along the Trail n September 2011, Anza Trail Superintendent interesting. Snowbirds, visiting from all around the Naomi Torres asked me to spend a season on country and experiencing our desert for the first time, the trail. It would be far different from the were bowled over by the history. They could appreci- Iother ranger positions I had experienced: at Yel- ate the difficulty of crossing this land on horseback lowstone National Park being constantly on the or on foot in the 1700s. What was the most reward- look-out for animals that could eat you in one bite; ing part of my time on the trail? It was working with at Mesa Verde National Park leading hikes at 7,000 the many partners and volunteers. Some have spent feet and climbing 30-foot ladders to cliff dwell- decades promoting the trail. In all my years in educa- ings; at Carl Sandburg Home National Historic tion and the National Park Service, I have never met Site telling visitors no, a more dedicated they could not nap in and knowledge- the bed Sandburg slept able group. Each in. Instead, I would be time I manned a sharing and preserving A Season booth or joined the legacy of an amaz- on the Trail with them in a ing expedition in our Al Watson, Anza Trail presentation, it American history, a was something to true cooperative and look forward to. multicultural endeavor. I learned more about Anza and I visited 4th- and 5th- his expedition grade classrooms, offer- from these in- ing interpretive presen- dividuals than I tations to wide-eyed ever could from kids, many of whom reading. were hearing about the Anza Trail for the first To mention a few time. Armed with the I worked most new DVD, The Anza closely with: Don Expedition, and my Kucera of the numerous years as a Anza Trail Coali- teacher and admin- tion of Arizona; istrator, my goal was Ranger Al Watson on the Anza Trail Joe Myers of the two-fold. First, I would Anza Society; connect this historical event with Arizona’s history Elizabeth Stewart and Reba Gradrud of the Anza Trail and curriculum. Second, I would be interpret- Foundation; and Bill Islas and Rick Collins of the ing this multicultural and historical adventure to Tucson Presidio. All contributed immeasurably to my Hispanic, African-American, and Native Ameri- education. Of particular note, I thoroughly enjoyed can children. I took great delight in observing my time with the talented “Ambassadors” from No- the positive facial expressions elicited, especially gales High School, a group of 16 students led by Yara from those kids of Hispanic descent. You could see Sanchez and Danny Fish. pride in their heritage shining through. Leaving the trail now, I feel humbled not only by the When leading interpretive hikes on the trail, I was courageous and cooperative endeavor of the expedi- in my element. The four-mile hike between Tu- tion itself, but by the unique people who help to keep macacori and Tubac was my favorite, but hiking this American story alive in the 21st century. I will in the urban environment of Tucson was new and certainly miss helping to share the story. Number 51 . April 2012 3 Along the Trail From Re-Enactors to ctors: nza Film Premiers Naomi Torres, Anza Trail he National Park Service partnering historic site (includ- Trecently unveiled The Anza ing National and State Parks) Expedition, a documentary film along the Anza Trail. Many of that tells the story of the epic the sites have agreed to present journey taken by Anza and more the film to visitors on a regu- than 240 settlers and soldiers. lar schedule or upon request, including Tumacácori National The film premiered last Novem- Historic Site, John Muir ber at the Presidio at Tubac and National Historic Site and received a Tucson premier in Golden Gate National Rec- early January. Anza Trail staff reation Area (in the and partners are now present- Presidio of San Francisco). ing the film at public events Please check with your local and in classrooms along the Anza Trail partner site for trail. details. If you cannot visit a partner site, be sure to look The 30-minute film was for a showing of the film this produced by the Environ- spring on a PBS station along mental Education Exchange the trail. You will soon be able and funded by the National to purchase your personal Park Service with a matching copy to view at home.
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