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UMI A Bell & Howell Information Company 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor MI 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 ANTOINE REICHA’S QUARTETS FOR FLUTE AND STRINGS, OP. 98 AN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE AND STYLISTIC OVERVIEW DOCUMENT Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Musical Arts in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Leslie Goldman Maaser, B.M., M.M. ***** The Ohio State University 1998 Document Committee: roved by: Professor Christopher Weait Advisor Professor Katherine Borst Jones Co-Advisor Co-Advisors Professor Judith Delzell School of Music UMI Number: 99 007 87 Copyright 1998 by Maaser, Leslie Goldman All rights reserved. UMI Microform 9900787 Copyright 1998, by UMI Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. UMI 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, MI 48103 Copyright by Leslie Goldman Maaser 1998 ABSTRACT During his lifetime, Antoine Reicha (1770-1836) was regarded as a notable theorist, teacher, and composer. He received recognition for his woodwind quintets and theoretical treatises. Reicha composed over 100 compositions, however, knowledge of Reicha's music is hindered by the lack of modern editions. The Six Quartets for Flute, Violin. Viola, and Cello. Op ■ 98 were published in two volumes in separate parts. The date of the composition of these quartets is usually estimated as 1813-1814 and they were originally published in Paris around 1820. While a critical edition in both score and part-form exists for Volume II (quartets in gm, CM, GM), there is no evidence that a published score for the Volume I quartets (em, AM, DM) is available, or has ever been published. The score form included in this document of the Quartet in e minor form Volume I, was compiled from the part form publication by Boieldieu (Paris), printed cl820. 11 The purpose of this paper is to expand awareness of the classical flute chamber music repertoire, particularly chamber music that places the flute as an equal partner with the strings, not as a soloist with string accompaniment. In order to better interpret Reicha's flute quartets, it is necessary to understand the compositional and performance milieu that influenced Reicha in his conception of this genre. In this document Reicha's biographical information, as well as the development, evolution, and the ensuing popularity of the flute and flute quartet are discussed. In addition, the analysis of these quartets, in particular the Quartet in e minor, is related to the theoretical and performance practice principles based on Reicha's treatises and the writings of other prominent authors of that time period. Ill Dedicated with love to my incredibly supportive husband, Bruce, my beautiful daughter, Karenna, my parents. Milt and Rochelle Goldman, my brother. A m i e , and his family, Judy, Kyle, liana, and Marlee, my mother-in-law, Luella Maaser, and to the loving memory of my brother, Kenneth Samuel Goldman IV ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my sincerest thanks to my advisers, Professors Christopher Weait and Katherine Borst Jones, for their help and guidance throughout these years of Doctoral work. In addition, I would like to thank Katherine Borst Jones for her tutelage in my growth as a flutist, and for her patience in my completion of this project. I would also like to thank the other members of my document and recital committees. Professors Judith Delzell and Robert Sorton, for their support. I am truly grateful to Dr. Robert Brooks for his mentoring and unwavering support through the years, that facilitated my completion of this degree. Special thanks also goes to his wife, Christine, for her friendship and support. I would like to thank my good friend, Linda Hnath and her family, for watching my daughter Karenna, to enable me to work on this project. I am also indebted to Lori Allen for her many hours of loving care of Karenna. I am appreciative of all Dr. Thomas Heck's library assistance. I would like to thank Brian Thomas for his assistance in helping me format the music score in computer form, for Gabriele Gierz for her translation of Bücken's biography of Antoine Reicha, to the OSU Music Library Staff, and to the Sibley Music Library staff of the Eastman School of Music for their assistance. I would also like to thank Olev Viro for his consultation regarding the string parts. I owe so much to the love and support of my family. My mother-in-law, Luella Maaser, my brother. A m i e , his wife, Judy, my nephew, Kyle, and nieces, liana and Marlee have given me much love and support. I am indebted to Arnie for serving as my first flute teacher, for sacrificing his own music lessons so that my parents could afford to give me lessons, and for the countless hours of assistance and comfort he gave me throughout my education. I am grateful to Judy for her interminable internet searches. I am forever grateful to my parents. Milt and Rochelle Goldman, for their love, encouragement and support throughout my life. Finally, this degree would not have been possible without the love, support, and encouragement that my husband, Bruce has given to me. He has made tremendous sacrifices on my behalf and I am eternally grateful for all his love. It is the love that I have for my daughter, Karenna, that gave me the motivation to complete this VI project. I wanted to set an example for her, that it is important to finish what you start, and to always have faith in yourself. vir VITA October 17, 1959..................... Bom-Detroit, Michigan 1981......................... B.M., Michigan State University East Lansing, Michigan 1983 Non-Resident Fellowship Recipient University of Wisconsin-Madison 1985 .................. M.M., University of Wisconsin-Madison 1986-1988 Instructor of Flute, Luther College Decorah, Iowa 1988-1989 Instructor of Flute, Valparaiso University Valparaiso, Indiana 1991-1994........... Graduate Associate in Flute Instruction and Performance, The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio 1995-199 6 Instructor of Flute, Mt. Vernon Nazarene College Mt. Vernon, Ohio 1996-199 7 Instructor of Flute, Wright State University Dayton, Ohio FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field: Music Studies in Flute Performance and Chamber Music Music History Performance Practice Women in Music Music Education Psychology of Music Vlll TABLE OF CONTENTS Pàas ABSTRACT................................................... Ü DEDICATION.................................................iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS........................................... v VITA.....................................................viii LIST OF TABLES............................................xi LIST OF EXAMPLES........................................ x ü CHAPTER INTRODUCTION................................................1 1. BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION......................... 5 2. HISTORICAL CONTEXT............................... 20 3. REICHA'S COMPOSITIONAL PRINCIPLES APPLIED TO SIX QUARTETS. OPUS 9 8 ................28 Quartet in e minor.............................. 33 Quartet in A Mai or .............................. 45 Quartet in D Mai or .............................. 49 Quartet in g minor.............................. 53 Quartet in C Major.............................. 56 Quartet in G Major.............................. 59 Conclusion....................................... 64 IX 4. PERFORMANCE PRACTICE............................. 68 Dynamics and Accentuation....................... 69 Ornaments........................................ 74 Articulation 7 6 Choice of Tempo.................................. 77 Tone and Intonation............................. 77 Vibrato...........................................80 5. CONCLUSION........................................ 81 APPENDIX A Score to Quartet in e minor...................... 83 APPENDIX B Scores and Discography......................... 12 8 BIBLIOGRAPHY..............................................130 LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Key of Movetnents- Relationships of 2nd to 1st m v t................ 32 Table 2. Key of 3rd and 4th movements....................32 XI LIST OF EXAMPLES Example 1 - Quartet, in A Major. 1st mvt................

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