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Journal of Plant Development Sciences (An International Monthly Refereed Research Journal)

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Journal of Plant Development Sciences (An International Monthly Refereed Research Journal) Journal of Plant Development Sciences (An International Monthly Refereed Research Journal) Volume 8 Number 3 March 2016 Contents RESEARCH ARTICLES Study of Spatio-temporal analysis of annual rainfall variability in Uttar Pradesh —Avadhesh Kumar Koshal and Prafull Kumar -------------------------------------------------------------------- 97-110 Insight into sequence-structure-function relationship of Catharanthus roseus RNA binding protein using Insilico approach —Vibha and H.S. Ginwal ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 111-116 Study of Phenological events of some members of Ericaceae —Amita Sharma ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 117-121 Economics of production and marketing of Brinjal in Bilaspur district of Chhattisgarh state —Ajay Tegar, K.N.S. Banafar, H.G. Sharma and M.R. Chandrakar --------------------------------------- 123-129 Efficacy of aqueous and ethanolic extraction on phenolics and antioxidant activity of Paederia foetida L. and Spermacoce stricta L.F. —Shaswat Ojha, Adarsha Raj, Alokesh Roy, Bratati Sikdar and Sudipta Roy -------------------------- 131-135 Effect of organic matter and soil-microbial community on physical, chemical and biological properties of soil —R.N. Meena, Rajesh Kumar Singh, R. Meena and Kalyan Singh ------------------------------------------ 137-141 Studies on aerial blight of Soybean caused by Rhizoctonia solani —Tikendra Kumar, R.K. Dantre and K.P. Verma --------------------------------------------------------------- 143-147 Study on costs and returns of paddy production in Meerut district of Western Uttar Pradesh —Ajit Singh, H.L. Singh, O.P. Maurya, Birpal Singh and Arun Solanki----------------------------------- 149-153 REVIEW ARTICLE Tillage influence on crop productivity and soil health —Thaneshwar Kumar, A.K. Singh, R.G. Goswami, Hareesh Kumar and Meshwar Pratap Singh -- 155-161 RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS Performance of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) genotypes on plant geometry —Rajesh Kumar Singh, R.N. Meena and Brijesh Kumar Choudhary -------------------------------------- 163-165 Rooting response of Guava (Psidium guajava L.) through cutting under Garhwal Himalayan region —K.K. Singh --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 167-169 Effect of tillage and organic mulches on content and uptake of nutrients on Indian mustard in Vindhyan region of Eastern Uttar Pradesh —M.K. Singh, R. Meena, R.N. Meena and Rajesh Kumar Singh -------------------------------------------- 171-173 Evalution of different antifungal compounds against Rhizoctonia solani causing aerial blight of Soybean —Tikendra Kumar, R.K. Dantre and K.P. Verma --------------------------------------------------------------- 175-178 Effect of weed management on Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) cultivars —Rajesh Kumar Singh, R.N. Meena and Jyotiprakash Mishra ---------------------------------------------- 179-181 RESEARCH ARTICLE STUDY OF SPATIO-TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF ANNUAL RAINFALL VARIABILITY IN UTTAR PRADESH Avadhesh Kumar Koshal* and Prafull Kumar ICAR- P.D.F.S.R. College of Agriculture Modipuram, Meerut (U.P.) S.V.P.U.A. &T., Meerut (U.P.) Email: [email protected] Received-10.03.2016, Revised-21.03.2016 Abstract: Uttar Pradesh is Humid subtropical and semi arid climatic region situated between 23° 52' N and 31° 28' N latitudes and 77° 3' and 84° 39'E longitudes. The state is divided into 18 divisions and 71 districts. The statistical analysis of annual rainfall data of past to present 100 years (1915-2014) ranged from 532.7mm in year in 1991 to 1313.1 mm in year 2013 with an average annual rainfall of the area is 929.6 mm. The average rainfall with 2013 showing the highest positive rainfall anomaly (2.26) while the other years show rainfall below normal with 1991 Showing the lowest negative rainfall deviation (-2.34). The calculated value of standard deviation reveals that deviation of rainfall is of 169.7 mm. in a century. The trend analysis in XLSTAT 2014.6.02 ver. observed trend of rainfall, the R2 value 0.018 means that only 1.8 percent variation is observed in hundred years. The coefficient of skewness has been computed as -0.06 for annual rainfall indicates a negative trend or going to decline pattern. The maximum standard deviation value and CV(%) is observed 210 & 23% in year 1935-44 and minimum standard deviation and CV(%) is observed 80.7 & 10% in year 1995-04. The overall decadal dataset observed decadal maximum rainfall 1328.9 in year 1955-64 whereas minimum rainfall 493.9mm in year 2005-14 observed. In future, expected annual rainfall may be less in year 2025 observed 881.9mm in the state. In the year 2021; expected rainfall may be 893mm. The geostatistical analysis is the ARCGIS 10.3.1 extension used for interpolation and kriging. The prediction map of dataset year 1995-2004 was highest rainfall in east side of some place of Uttar Pradesh. The western part of Uttar Pradesh covered less rainfall the other side cover area. The central part of state decadal map covered maximum area in year 1966-74. The objective of this study is to analyze the recent and future trend of annual rainfall pattern. Keywords: Anomaly, GIS, Geostatistical method, Kriging & Monsoon INTRODUCTION monsoon (July-September), post-monsoon (October- November) and winter season (December-March). he rainfall is the meteorological phenomenon is IMD defines a four month period from June to T a major source of water on the earth. It is also September as Indian summer monsoon (ISM) period one of the most important climatic variables because (Attri and Tyagi, 2010). The Statistical techniques of its two sided effects one is deficient resource, are essential tools for analyzing large datasets. It also such as droughts and as a catastrophic agent, such as helps us to identify which of the many pieces of floods (Alam, 2011). Agriculture is dependent on information derived from observations of the climate climatic factors: temperature, rainfall, sunshine system are worthy of synthesis and interpretation. It hours, relative humidity and air direction. The is also helpful for testing hypotheses, estimations of changing of rainfall pattern in rabi, kharif & zaid parameters and in predictions of the data set seasons are change the cropping pattern if changes (Cobanovic, 2002). The climatic research is are seen for long time. Because water having vital complex, large level and long time period’s process. role to agriculture crops growth and crops are having The natural or human-induced factors are cause of short period for complete life cycle. The change of climates change. Agricultural statistics are needed to rainfall pattern is affecting the crops productivity. provide information used to monitor trends and The Kharif crop is the summer crop or monsoon estimate future prospects. Geostatistics assumes that crop in India. Kharif crops are usually sown with the at least some of the spatial variations of natural beginning of the first rains in July, during the south- phenomena can be modelled by random processes west monsoon season. The South west monsoon is with spatial autocorrelation. Many methods are very important for Uttar Pradesh agriculture. The associated with geostatistics, but they are all in the major socio-economic infrastructures are dependent Kriging family. Ordinary, Simple, Universal, on rainfall because greater percentages of the probability, Indicator, and Disjunctive kriging, along peoples are dependent agriculture related work with their counterparts in cokriging, are available in (www.gktoday.in). Rainfall in pre-monsoon and the geostatistical analysis. The changing climatic winter season had a decreasing trend whereas it had condition has been attributable to rainfall (Adger et an increasing trend during monsoon and post al. 2003 & Obot et al. 2010), studies have also monsoon seasons (Rimi et al.). The IMD (Indian shown that the climate is changing based on the meteorology Department, New Delhi) divided Indian changing pattern of rainfall (Goswami et al. 2006 & season in four categories: pre-monsoon (April-June), Adger et al. 2003). Prediction of the spatial and *Corresponding Author ________________________________________________ Journal of Plant Development Sciences Vol. 8 (3) : 97-110. 2016 98 AVADHESH KUMAR KOSHAL AND PRAFULL KUMAR temporal variability in rainfall is a major problem in North, The Gangetic plain in the centre & The an agricultural country like India and particularly in Vindya hills and plateau in the south. It is lies the state U.P. Measurement and prediction of change largely in the plains formed by the Ganges and using statistical methods is a very important tool for Yamuna rivers. State climate is subtropical and decision making. congenial for agriculture. Uttar Pradesh is largest producer of wheat, potato, sugarcane and milk Objective whereas third largest producer of rice. For The objective of this study is to analyze the recent administrative purposes, the state is divided into 18 and future trend of annual rainfall pattern. divisions and 71 districts. The state divided into nine agro-climatic zones, namely, Bhabhar & Tarai, Study area Western Plain, Central-Western Plain, South- Uttar Pradesh is Humid subtropical (warm summer) Western Plain, Central Plain, Bundelkhand, North- and semi arid climatic region situated between 23° Eastern Plain, Eastern Plain, and Vindhyan region. It 52' N and
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