ENGLISH REVIEW: Journal of English Education ISSN 2301-7554 Vol. 1, Issue 1, December 2012 http://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/ERJEE

A STRUGGLE FOR LOVE OF BELLA SWAN REFLECTED IN MOVIE: AN INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH

Ayu Riska Lestari SDN II Cimangu Kuningan, Indonesia [email protected]

APA Citation: Lestari, A. R. (2012). A struggle for love of Bella swan reflected in new moon movie: an individual psychological approach. English Review: Journal of English Education, 1(1), 47-56

Received: 03-09-2012 Accepted: 03-10-2012 Published: 01-12-2012

Abstract: This paper described the struggle for love of Bella Swan reflected in New Moon movie by using Alfred Adler’s individual psychology and analyzed the plot of the movie. It used qualitative research method and the object of this study was a major character named Bella Swan. Primary data sources were the New Moon movie directed by Christopher Weitz and the script of the movie, while secondary data sources were collected from many sources such as dictionary, articles from internet, and books related to this study. Methods of data collecting were observation and library research. The method of data analysis was descriptive analysis. Based on the analysis, It reflected the condition of a person who had a goal and struggle to get it. It concluded that Bella had high struggles to reach her goals. The plot of New Moon movie is complicated and stimulating, therefore it made the story was not flat and boring. By analyzing the plot, the viewers could easily understand the story and the message of the movie and catch up the moral lesson of it. Keywords: Bella Swan, New Moon, Alfred Adler’s Individual Psychology, plot, struggle for love.

INTRODUCTION Love is a struggle as described in Love is a part of life. We can not New Moon movie which tells about a live without it. Because of love, we can struggle for love of Bella Swan to do everything. It makes people do maintain her love. New Moon movie is everything to get their love. Love is the continuation of movie. This something we have to fight for. When paper analyzed the New Moon movie we experience deeply love, we will directed by Christopher Weitz because struggle to reach it. It is very ironical if of three reasons. The first is it shows there is someone who loves you but he unusual story. Although this movie is or she does not fight for getting your about vampire, it is not horror movie. It love. Therefore, love needs struggles and is about a teenage romance movie which sacrifices. For example, a mother includes elements of vampire struggles between life and death to give mythology and elements of romance. birth her children. A father seeks a living The second is the characters of for his wife and his children. Even, when New Moon movie. The characters of this people love someone, they are willing to movie are awesome. as sacrifice their life for the sake of Bella Swan and Robert Pattinson as someone they love. Those are a struggle can play role as a couple for love. of lover well, so they can make the AYU RISKA LESTARI a Struggle For Love of Bella Swan Reflected In New Moon Movie: An Individual Psychological Approach

characters alive. The third is a struggle someone imagines tasting a lemon, for love of Bella Swan. Bella’s love to he/she tastes the lemon "as if" there was Edward is so deeply, so she will do really a lemon to lick everything to maintain her love, even (www.durbinhypnosis.com/adler.htm). she is willing to sacrifice her life to be a Thus, fictional finalism clarified that vampire like Edward. what a person wants to achieve in the This paper analyzed the movie future which affects present behavior by using individual psychological (Adler in Feist & Feist, 2006: 73). Adler approach. It explored a theory which (1927) concluded that people are related to problem in the movie, which motivated by their expectations of the was a struggle for love of Bella Swan. future, not by their experience in the In analyzing a struggle for love of Bella past (Adler in Hall, et al., 1998: 129). For Swan, it used individual psychology example, if a person believes that there theory proposed by Alfred Adler. The is heaven for good people and hell for use of Alfred Adler’s theory since it bad people, it will affect how the people reflects the condition of a person who live (Adler in Hall, et al., 1985: 146). has a goal and struggles to get it. Striving for superiority is “an Individual psychology is innate drive that propels us toward “Adler’s theory of personality that perfection” (Adler in Phares, 1984: 92). emphasizes the uniqueness of each Every people have many ways individual and the processes by which differently to reach superiority, and people overcome their limitations and human does efforts to compensate his struggle to reach their life goals” (Adler bad or less characteristics in order that in Hjelle & Ziegler, 1992: 183). Individual he/she reaches the goal (Adler in Hall, et psychology emphasized how people al., 1998: 130). It means that striving for reach goals that influence their behavior superiority is to overcome inferiorities to reach the goals (Adler in Pervin, et al., that make us do efforts to reach our 2005: 139). In brief, individual goals (Adler in Hall, et al., 1985: 149). By psychology is Adler‘s theory of this concept, “Adler (1927) does not personality which explains about human mean being better than others, but he striving (Adler in Schultz & Schultz, 2005: means continually trying to become 127). Individual psychology can be something better, to become nearer and categorized into six basic concepts: (1) nearer to one’s ideal goals” (Adler in fictional finalism; (2) striving for Hall, et al., 1985: 147). superiority; (3) inferiority feelings and Inferiority feelings are “the compensation; (4) social interest; (5) style normal condition of all people and the of life; and (6) the creative self (Adler in source of all human striving” (Adler in Hall, et al., 1998: 128). Schultz & Schultz, 2005: 127). By nature, Fictional finalism is an imagined people are prone to develop feelings of goal (Adler in Cloninger, 2004: 109). It is inferiority because the human being is a very real spur to reach the goal of born weak and helpless (Adler in Phares, human’s life (Adler in Hall, et al., 1998: 1984: 92). Therefore, inferiority feelings 129). Fictions are “ideas that have no real are feelings appear because existence, yet they influence people as if psychological and social deficiencies felt they really existed” (Adler in Feist & subjectively or feelings appear from Feist, 2006: 73). For example, when ENGLISH REVIEW: Journal of English Education ISSN 2301-7554 Vol. 1, Issue 1, December 2012 http://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/ERJEE weakness or physical defect (Adler in father or a mother, a baby would perish Hall, et al., 1998: 131). (Adler in Feist & Feist, 2006: 75). Both Then, compensation is a father and mother give powerful motivation to overcome inferiority by contribution to the developing social strengthening his/her weakness, or by interest of their children (Adler in Feist developing other organs or something & Feist, 2006: 76). else instead of his/her weakness (Adler Style of life is formed by the age in Pervin, et al., 2005: 138). For example, of four or five years (Adler in Hall, et al., Demostheness who stuttered as a child, 1998: 134). Style of life can be defined as but finally he became one of the world’s unique ways of individual to reach the greatest orators after practicing goal (Adler in Hall, et al., 1998: 132). continuously (Adler in Hall, et al., 1998: Everyone has different style of life, and 131). Then, when Adler was child, he it is impossible that there are two people was a weak and sickly child, it motivates who develop the same style of life him to defeat death by becoming a (Adler in Hall, et al., 1998: 132). For doctor (Adler in Feist & Feist, 2006: 74). example, style of life of an intellectual In addition, a person with a weak body and an athlete are different (Adler in is not necessarily to become a strong Hall, et al., 1998: 133). Style of life of an athlete but to compensate it may become intellectual is reading, studying, and an intellectual, an artist, an actor, a thinking (Adler in Hall, et al., 1998: 133). writer, and so on (Adler in Feist & Feist, His life is more sedentary at home and 2006: 72). For example, someone with a to stand apart, while style of life of an defect in vision may attempt to develop athlete is practicing and more active special listening sensitivities (Adler in (Adler in Hall, et al., 1998: 133). Pervin, et al., 2005: 138). A person develops style of life to Social interest is relationship overcome feelings of inferiority (Adler individual between society which forms in Phares, 1984: 93). For example, if a individual’s personality to reach the goal child has physical weakness, so his style (Adler in Hall, et al., 1998: 132). It means of life will do things to get strong that an individual must interact with the physical such as by lifting weights, others in society because the society can whereas style of life of a stupid person form individual’s personality and help will strive to reach intellectual him toward striving for superiority superiority (Adler in Hall, et al., 1998: (Adler in Hall, et al., 1998: 132). Social 135). Then, Napoleon’s style of life that interest does not appear spontaneously, was fond of conquering was caused by but it must be guided and practiced his slight physical stature, and Hitler’s (Adler in Hall, et al., 1998: 132). rapacious craving that wanted to According to Adler (1927) in Feist & dominate the world was caused by his Feist (2006: 75), social interest is “the sexual impotence (Adler in Hall, et al., natural condition of the human species 1998: 135). and the adhesive that binds society Creative power of the self is “the together”. Society is a necessity to ability to create an appropriate style of human beings for protection and life” (Adler in Schultz & Schultz, 2005: survival (Adler in Schultz & Schultz, 131). Creative self gives meaning in 2005: 133). For example, without human’s life, it creates the goal, and it perfection and nourishment from a becomes a tool to reach the goal (Adler AYU RISKA LESTARI a Struggle For Love of Bella Swan Reflected In New Moon Movie: An Individual Psychological Approach

in Hall, et al., 1998: 135). Creative self can next. Resolution is the outcome or be defined as “concept used by Adler to conclusion of the story (Kennedy, 1991: reflect his belief that each person is 7). It refers to the resolution of the empowered with the freedom to create complication or conflict (Klarer, 2004: his or her own personality” (Adler in 15). Therefore, it gives problem solving Hjelle & Ziegler, 1992: 183). In other of the events in the story. words, “we are free to choose and create Based on the rationale, research it ourselves” (Adler in Schultz & Schultz, questions of this study are as follows: 2005: 132). Creative self asserts that (1) How is a struggle for love of Bella “they are responsible for who they are Swan in New Moon movie reflected by and how they behave” (Adler in Feist & using Alfred Adler’s individual Feist, 2006: 79). Moreover, it is psychology theory?; (2) How is plot interesting that “Adler (1927) offered a constructed in New Moon movie? portrait of humans that was more This study is expected to be satisfying, more hopeful, and far more able to give information and complimentary to humans” (Adler in knowledge about Alfred Adler‘s Hall, et al., 1998: 136). Then, Adler (1930) individual psychology theory emphasized that “we are in control of described through a character named our fate, not victims of it” (Adler in Bella Swan in New Moon movie. Schultz & Schultz 2005: 131). Therefore, the readers can know and Plot is “a structure of events understand how Adler’s theory reflected arising out of a conflict” (Kennedy, 1991: in the movie. In addition, they can use 7). Plot includes all the story events this study to compare it with another. that are directly depicted (Bordwell Then, this study is expected to be able & Thompson, 2008: 76). Plot has a to give message to the readers that it is beginning, a middle, and an end not easy to get whatever we want to. It (Kennedy, 1991: 6). Therefore, plot is needed a struggle to get it because can be defined as a series of events in sometimes you have to face great a story that incorporate the beginning challenges to get happiness. to the end. There are four parts of Nevertheless, if you do not fight for it, plot, namely exposition, complication, you can lose your happiness. climax, and resolution (Klarer, 2004: 15). Exposition is “the opening portion METHOD that sets the scene, introduces the main This study applies descriptive characters, tells us what happened qualitative method. Descriptive research before the story opened, and provides is a research which is used to describe any other background information that subject, phenomena, or characteristics we need in order to understand and care about what is being studied (Mason & about the events to follow” (Kennedy, Bramble, 1978: 31). It can be used to 1991: 6). It means that exposition is a understand and describe human beginning or an introduction of the story. behavior (Yin, 2011: 4). Then, qualitative Complication introduces a conflict, and research involves defining something to it creates suspense (Kennedy, 1991: 7). investigate, collecting relevant data, Climax is the turning point of the story analyzing and interpreting the result, (Klarer, 2004: 15). In this portion, and drawing conclusion (Yin, 2011: 49). viewers want to know what happens Based on the explanations, descriptive ENGLISH REVIEW: Journal of English Education ISSN 2301-7554 Vol. 1, Issue 1, December 2012 http://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/ERJEE qualitative research is a method of library research. First of all, go to the research involving method of collecting, some libraries. Next, find out books describing, analyzing, classifying the related on research topic and read the data and then drawing conclusion. relevant data. Then, write and put all The data can be sentences, the collected data into a document. pictures and spoken words of observed After that, write down the references. object. By using the descriptive The data both primary data qualitative research, this research is source and secondary data source are aimed to describe a struggle of Bella collected and recorded in a form of Swan in New Moon movie based on document and picture as evidence. After Alfred Adler’s individual psychology. the data had been collected, the The object of this study is a major researcher began to analyze them. The character named Bella Swan in New method used to analyze the data is Moon movie. The data sources of this descriptive analysis. By using study can be divided into two descriptive analysis, a researcher categories, namely primary data source wants to get better understanding and secondary data source. Primary about a research topic. It describes a data sources are New Moon movie struggle for love of Bella Swan in New directed by Christopher Weitz and the Moon movie by using Alfred Adler’s script of the movie. In addition, individual psychology and analyzes secondary data sources are collected plot of New Moon movie. from many sources such as dictionary, First, the data will be analyzed articles from internet, and books related are collected. Second, after the data are to this study. collected, it begins to describe a There are two methods of data struggle for love of Bella Swan in New collecting: observation and library Moon movie by using Alfred Adler’s research. Observation is a way of individual psychology, and it analyzes collecting data which gets data by way plot of New Moon movie. In analyzing of what you see with your own eyes and a struggle for love of Bella Swan and perceive with your own senses, not by plot of the movie are needed dialogues what others report to you (Yin, 2011: and pictures of the movie as evidence. 143). It is the researcher gathers data by Third, the data have been analyzed are watching the respondent in a research arranged into each categories and (Fox, 1969: 51). By using method of developed into a good unit. Finally, observation, it enables the researcher the researcher draws conclusion from to collect direct information about the data. human behavior (Borg & Gall, 1979: 28). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Meanwhile, Library research is Based the investigation, It was a research which is done to get books found that struggles for love of Bella related on the research topic by going Swan in New Moon movie analyzed by to a library. Library research is used using Alfred Adler’s individual when you need much information to psychology are as follows: find data needed. The data are collected from the books related to the research topic. There are some steps of AYU RISKA LESTARI a Struggle For Love of Bella Swan Reflected In New Moon Movie: An Individual Psychological Approach

Fictional finalism away from the werewolf, and then Jacob Bella wanted to be immortal. who turned into a werewolf saved her. She wanted to live together with Fourth, Bella was unable to save herself Edward happily ever after. She wanted when she did cliff jumping into the to see Edward. ocean and almost drowned. The wave was so great, and Jacob saved her from Striving for superiority drowning. Bella stayed together with Edward She felt that she didn’t suit Edward although he was a vampire. She went because she felt nothing. She was to Italy and met the Volturi to foil afraid that she could get older because Edward’s suicide plan. She was willing she was afraid that Edward didn’t love to sacrifice her soul to save Edward. her anymore when she looked like a She chose Edward rather than Jacob grandmother. She was afraid that she although she also loved Jacob. lost Edward.

Inferiority feelings and compensation Social interest As a human being, Bella was weak Bella was close with Jacob who was and her strength was limited. She able to make her smile anymore and couldn’t fend for herself, and she helped her repair motorcycles which depended on others. First, she was she got from the junkyard. Due to Jacob, unable to protect herself when the Bella found herself capable of smiling Cullens (Edward’s vampire family) again. threw a birthday party for Bella at their She kept a secret about who the house. Bella got a paper cut while Cullens were true to other people in unwrapping a gift from Esme and order that their existences were safe in Carlisle, and spilt blood. Jasper who has society and for the sake of her not been able to resist his urge to drink relationship with Edward because she human blood lost control and didn’t want to separate of him. Even, she immediately attacked her. She was wanted to become a part of them, unable to protect herself, so she was namely to be a vampire. saved by others such as Edward, She was different with others. She Emmett, and Carlisle. preferred interacting with vampires Second, Bella was unable to protect and werewolves to interacting with herself when she met Laurent who humans such as her friends. She attempted to kill her. When he wanted to wasn’t close with her friends. Even, kill her, she didn’t try to fight him she refrained from all social activities because she realized that she was unable since Edward left her, and her friends to protect herself without the help of avoided her because of her strangeness. others. In the scene, she was saved by a pack of werewolves. After that, she ran Style of life away instead. Bella did reckless things such as by Third, Bella was unable to protect jumping on the back of an unknown herself when she slapped Paul’s face motorcyclist, riding a motorcycle by who immediately turned into a herself, and doing cliff jumping. She werewolf and attacked Bella. She remained to interact with the Cullens couldn’t do anything, so instead she ran although they were vampires. She ENGLISH REVIEW: Journal of English Education ISSN 2301-7554 Vol. 1, Issue 1, December 2012 http://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/ERJEE remained to interact with Jacob want to put her in danger anymore. He although he was a werewolf. She convinced her that he no longer loved didn’t like shopping, and she was not her. interested in fashion. Climax Creative self Climax is the turning point of the Bella wanted to be a vampire like story (Klarer, 2004: 15). The climax Edward in order that she could be occurred when Edward left Bella, her immortal. She put herself in danger to whole life turned upside down. She felt see Edward. She looked for the rush of her life was over. Since Edward’s danger because it could take to see departure, Bella’s life became Edward. That’s why she put herself in heartbroken and depressed. Then, she danger although it could threaten her discovered that when she did reckless soul. things, she could see visions of Edward. the research found that plot is Thus, to see Edward, she had to put constructed in New Moon movie is as her in dangerous situations. Bella follows: constantly put herself in danger in order that she could see Edward. For Exposition example, she jumped on the back of an Exposition is a beginning or an unknown motorcyclist. After that, she introduction of the story (Kennedy, 1991: tried to ride a motorcycle by herself. 6). A beginning of New Moon movie was Finally, she tried to do cliff jumping that Bella dreamt an old woman and into the ocean and nearly drowned, but apparently the old woman was herself. Jacob rescued her. Due to Alice’s future- She was shocked that she saw herself seeing skills, she saw Bella to jump off a as the old woman. After she had woken cliff into the ocean, and she supposed up, she got a birthday surprise from her that Bella committed suicide. Then, father and he gave her gifts. Alice met Bella, and she was shocked to see Bella alive because she supposed Complication that Bella has passed away. Edward Complication introduces a heard the false news of Bella’s death, conflict, and it creates suspense and it made Edward want to commit (Kennedy, 1991: 7). The complication suicide because his existence in the occurred when the Cullens (Edward’s world was not worth anymore if Bella vampire family) threw a birthday party passed away. He decided to commit for Bella at their house, Bella got a paper suicide in Volterra, Italy. Then, Bella cut while unwrapping one of her gifts, who was accompanied by Alice went to and spilt blood. Jasper who still Italy to save him. Finally, Edward’s struggled to resist his urge to drink suicide plan was successful to be human blood lost control and stopped by Bella. When Bella, Edward immediately attacked her. The accident and Alice met the Volturi and Aro was made Edward realize that if Bella stayed about to kill Bella, Alice stopped it. close with vampires, it was dangerous Through Alice’s vision of Bella’s future, for her. He thought that she would be Aro who was able to read thoughts better without him. Therefore, he through touch saw Bella would become decided to leave her because he didn’t AYU RISKA LESTARI a Struggle For Love of Bella Swan Reflected In New Moon Movie: An Individual Psychological Approach

a vampire, and finally the Volturi relationship with Edward because released her. she didn’t want to separate of him. 8) She chose Edward rather than Jacob Resolution although she also loved Jacob. She Resolution is the outcome or kept choosing Edward although he conclusion of the story (Kennedy, 1991: has ever left her. 7). In the end of the story, Bella and Edward were eventually reunited and In addition, dealing with plot the Cullens returned to Forks. Edward analysis, plot of New Moon movie was realized that apparently Bella was in complex and stimulating. It makes the more danger without him. He also swore story is not flat and interesting. By that he would never leave her anymore. analyzing plot, the viewers can easily Then, Edward told Bella that he agreed understand the story and the message to change her into a vampire, but only if of the movie. she married him first. Based on the analysis, Bella had CONCLUSION high striving to reach her goals. This research analyzes a struggle Struggles for love of Bella Swan in New for love of Bella Swan in New Moon Moon movie reflected by using Alfred movie by using individual psychology Adler’s individual psychology are as proposed by Alfred Adler. Based on the follows: analysis, this research concludes that 1) She was willing to sacrifice her soul Bella has high striving to reach her goals. for Edward. In addition, this research shows that 2) She stayed together with Edward there is close relationship between Bella although he was a vampire. Swan and Alfred Adler’s individual 3) She wanted to be a vampire in order psychology, namely they equally that she was immortal and always describe about human striving to reach stayed young, so she could live their goals. In New Moon movie, this together with Edward happily ever research focuses on a struggle for love after. of Bella to reach her goals. This 4) She constantly put herself in danger research describes a struggle for love of to see Edward by jumping on the Bella Swan in New Moon movie based back of an unknown motorcyclist, on the six basic concepts of individual riding a motorcycle by herself, and psychology. They are fictional finalism, doing cliff jumping into the ocean. striving for superiority, inferiority 5) She went to Italy and met the feelings and compensation, social Volturi to foil Edward’s suicide plan interest, style of life, and the creative because she couldn’t imagine her self. The six elements are interrelated existence in the world if Edward and have important roles. Fictional passed away. finalism related to goals which Bella 6) She remained to interact with wants to reach for. She has goal to be vampires although it could threaten together with Edward, so she sets her her soul. sights to reach her goals. She does 7) She kept a secret about who Edward striving for superiority by doing and the Cullens were true to other everything for Edward, even she is people for the sake of her willing to sacrifice her soul. Nevertheless, ENGLISH REVIEW: Journal of English Education ISSN 2301-7554 Vol. 1, Issue 1, December 2012 http://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/ERJEE she has to control inferiority feelings as a Feist, J. & Gregory J. F. (2006). Theories of human being such as she can get old, she personality, sixth edition. New York: is weak and her strength is limited. Then, The McGraw-Hill Companies she has social interest which is different Film Definition (2012). Retrieved May 27, 2012 from with others. She is not close with http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fil humans such as her friends. She m#_ prefers interacting with vampires and Fox, D. J. 1969. The research rrocess in education. werewolves to interacting with New York: Holt, Rinehart and humans such as her friends. Even, she Winston, Inc. refrained from all social activities since Hall, C. S., Gardner L. & John B. C. (1998). Edward left her. She has unique style of Theories of personality, Fourth Edition. life, that is, she does reckless things Canada: John Wiley & Sons which can threaten her soul. Her style of Hall, C. S., Gardner L., John C. L., Martin M. life will do things to reach her goals. & Virginia O. L. (1985). Introduction to theories of personality. Canada: John Then, she has creative self to reach her Wiley & Sons goal. Therefore, this study reflects the Hjelle, L. A. & Daniel J. Z. (1992). Personality condition of a person who has a goal and theories: Basic assumptions, research, struggles to get it. and applications, third edition. New In addition, this research York: McGraw-Hill analyzes plot of New Moon movie. Plot Kennedy, X. J. (1991). Literature: An of New Moon movie is complex and introduction to fiction, poetry, and stimulating, so it makes the story is not drama, fifth edition. New York: flat and interesting. By analyzing plot, HarperCollins Publishers the viewers can easily understand the Klarer, M. 2004. An Introduction to literary studies, Second Edition. London: story and the message of the movie. Routledge Therefore, after analyzing this study, it Mason, E. J. & William J. B. (1978). is expected to be able to give moral Understanding and conducting research. value that it is not easy to get whatever New York: McGraw-Hill we want to. It is needed a struggle to New Moon script. (2012). Retrieved June 24, get it because sometimes you have to 2012 from http://www.script-o- face great challenges to get happiness. If rama.com/movie_scripts/t/twilight you do not fight for it, you can lose -saga-new-moon-script.html your happiness. Pervin, L. A., Daniel C. & Oliver P. J. (2005). 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