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Pharmacology PHARMACOLOGY 1. In the autonomic regulation of blood pressure d. Pilocarpine a. Cardiac output is maintained constant at the expense of e. Neostigmine other hemodynamic variables b. Elevation of blood pressure results in elevated aldosterone 8. Atropine overdose may cause which one of the following secretion a. Gastrointestinal smooth muscle crampine c. Baroreceptor nerve fibers docrease firing rate when arterial b. Increased cardiac rate pressure increases c. Increased gastric secretion d. Stroke volume and mean arterial blood pressure are the d. Pupillary constriction primary direct determinants of cardiac output e. Urinary frequency e. A condition that reduces the sensitivity of the sensory baroreceptor nerve endings might cause an increase 9. The synaptic preganglionicneurons have their cell bodies in insympathetic discharge the lateral horn of the grey matter of the a. Thoracic segment only 2. The autonomic nervous system is also known as b. Lumbar segment only a. Visceral c. Both (a) and (b) b. Vegetative d. None of the above c. Involuntary nervous system d. All of the above 10. Which one of the following can be blocked by atropine? a. Decreased blood pressure caused by hexamethonium 3. Full activation of the sympathetic nervous system, as in maximal exercise, can produce all of the following responses b. Increased blood pressure caused by nicotine except c. Increased skeleton muscle strength caused by neostigmine a. Bronchial relaxation d. Tachycardia caused by exercise b. Decreases intestinal motility e. Tachycardia caused by infusion of acetylcholine c. Increased renal blood flow 11. Which of the following best describes the mechanism of d. Mydriasis action of scopolamine ? e. Increased heart rate (tachycardia) a. Irreversible antagonist at nicotinic receptors 4. Several children at a summer camp were hospitalized b. Irreversible antagonist at muscarinic receptors with symptoms thought to be due to ingestion of food c. Physiologic antagonist at muscarinic receptors containingbotulinum toxins. The effects of botulinum toxin d. Reversible antagonist at muscarinic receptors are likely to include e. Reversible antagonist at nicotinic receptors a. Bronchospasm b. Cycloplegia 12. Accepted therapeutic indications for the use of antimuscarinic c. Diarrhea drugs include all of the following except d. Skeletal muscle spasms a. Hypertension e. Hyperventilation b. Motion sickness c. Parkinson’s disease 5. The neurotransmitter agent that is normally released in the d. Postoperative bladder spasm sinoatrial node of the heart in response to a blood pressure increase is e. Traveler’s diarrhea a. Acetylcholine 13. In male sex organs _______ system is responsible for erection. b. Dopamine a. Sympathetic c. Epinephrine b. Parasympathetic d. Glutamate c. Norepinephrine e. Norepinephrine d. None of the above 6. A directactingcholinomimetic that is lipidsolubleand often 14. A 7yearsoldboy has a significant bedwetting problem. A used in the treatment of glaucoma is longactingindirect sympathomimetic agent sometimes used a. Acetylcholine by the oral route for this and otherindications is b. Bethanechol a. Dobutamine c. Physostigmine b. Ephedrine d. Pilocarpine c. Epinephrine e. Neostigmine d. Isoproterenol e. Phenylephrine 7. Which of the following agents is a prodrug that is much less toxic in mammals than in insects ? 15. When pupillary dilationbutnot cycloplegiaisdesired, a good a. Acetylcholine choice is b. Bethanechol a. Homatropine c. Physostigmine b. Isoproterenol c. Phenylephrine 1296 d. Pilocarpine 24. Postural hypotension is a common adverse effect of which one e. Tropicamide of the following types of drugs ? a. ACE inhibitors 16. ‘Fight or flight’ state can be described as b. Alphareceptorblockers a. Sympathetic active; parasympatheticquiescent c. Arteriolar dilators b. Sympathetic active; parasympatheticactive d. ß1 – selective receptor blockers c. Sympathetic quiescent; parasympatheticactive e. Nonselective ß blockers 17. Your patient is to receive a selective ß2 stimulant drug ß2 25. A visitor from another city comes to your office complaining selective stimulant are often effective in of incessant cough. He has diabetes and hypertension and a. Angina due to coronary insufficiency has recently started taking a different antihypertensive b. Asthma medication. The most likely cause of his cough is c. Chronic heart failure a. Enalapril d. Delayed or insufficiently strong labor b. Losartan 's e. All of the above c. Minoxidil d. Propranolol MCQ 18. Which of the following drugs is the drug of choice in e. Verapamil anaphylaxis associated with bronchospasm and hypotension ? a. Cortisone 26. Reserprine, an alkaloid derived from the root of b. Epinephrine Rauwolfiaserpentina c. Isoproterenol a. Can be used to control hyperglycemia d. Norepinephrine b. Can cause severe depression of mood e. Phenylephrine c. Can decrease gastrointestinal secretion and motility d. Has no cardiac effects 19. Which of the following effects of epinephrine would be e. A spare receptor agonist blocked by phentolamine but not by metoprolol ? a. Cardiac stimulation 27. Nitroglycerin, either directly or through reflexes, results in b. Contractionof radial smooth muscle in the iris which one of the following effects c. Increase of camp in fat a. Decreased heart rate d. Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle b. Decreased venous capacitance e. Relaxation of the uterus c. Increased afterload d. Increased cardiac force 20. Propranolol is useful in all of the following except e. Increased diastolic intramyocardial fiber tension a. Angina b. Familial tremor 28. The antianginal effect of propranolol may be attributed to which one of the following c. Hypertension a. Block of exercise – induced tachycardia d. Idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic cardiomyopathy b. Decreased end – diastolic ventricular volume e. Partial atrioverntricular heart block c. Dilation of consticted coronary vessels 21. ‘Rest and digest’ state can be described as d. Increased cardiac force a. Sympathetic active; parasympatheticquiescent e. Increased resting heart rate b. Sympathetic active; parasympatheticactive 29. The major common determinant of myocardial oxygen c. Sympathetic quiescent; parasympatheticactive consumption is 22. A friend has very severe hypertension and asks about a drug a. Blood volume her doctor wishes to prescribe. Her physician has explained b. Cardiac output that this drug is associated with tachycardia and fluid retention c. Diastolic blood pressure (which may be marked) and increased hair growth. Which of the following is most likely to produce the effects that your d. Heart rate friend has described? e. Myocardial fiber tension a. Captopril 30. Choose the incorrect statement from the following b. Guanethidine a. Sympathetic system increases rate of SA node c. Minoxidil b. Sympathetic system causes constriction of coronary arteries d. Prazosin c. Sympathetic system causes increased motility of GIT e. Propranolol smooth muscles 23. Which one of the following is characteristic of captopril and d. Sympathetic system causes constriction of sphincter in GIT enalapril ? 31. Denervation supersensitivityincludes a. Competitively blocks angiotensim II at its receptor a. Proliferation of receptors b. Decreases angiotensin II concentration in the blood b. Loss of mechanism for transmitter removal c. Decreases rennin concentration in the blood c. Increased postjunctionalresponsiveness d. Increases sodium and decreases potassium in the blood d. All of the above e. Decreases sodium and increases potassium in the urine 32. Which of the following is approved for the treatment of c. –100 1297 hemorrhagic stroke ? d. –20 a. Amyl nitrite b. Hydralazine 40. Following enzyme is involved in the synthesis of actylcholine a. Choline acetyl transferase c. Isosorbidemoninitrate b. Acetyl cholinesterase d. Nifedipine c. Both (a) and (b) e. Nimodipine d. None of the above 33. Which of the following drugs used for the treatment of angina by inhalation has a very rapid onset and a brief duration of 41. Which of the following has been shown to prolong life in effect ? patient with chronic congestive failure but has a negative a. Amyl nitrite inotropic effect on cardiac contractility? a. Carvedilol PHARMACOLOGY b. Hydralazine b. Digitoxin c. Isosorbidemononitrate c. Digoxin d. Nifedipine d. Dobutamine e. Nimodipine e. Enalapril 34. Which of the following is a vasodilator drug used for hypertension that lacks a direct effect on autonomic receptors 42. Which of the following is the drug of choice in treating but may provoke anginal attacks? suicidal overdose of digitoxin ? a. Amyl nitrite a. Digoxin antibodies b. Hydralazine b. Lidocaine c. Isosorbidemononitrate c. Magnesium d. Nifedipine d. Potassium e. Nimodipine e. Quinidine 35. The biochemical mechanism of action of digitalis is associated 43. When used as an antiarrhythmic drug, Lidocaine typically with a. Increases action potential duration a. A decrease in calcium uptake by the sarcoplasmic reticulum b. Increases contractility b. An increase in ATP synthesis c. Increses PR interval c. A modification of the actin molecule d. Reduces abnormal automaticity d. An increase in systolic intracellular calcium levels e. Reduces resting potential e. A block of sodium/calcium exchange 44. A 16yearoldgirlis found to have paroxysmal attacks of rapid 36. A patient has been taking digoxin for several years for chronic heart rate. The antiarrhythmic of choice in most cases of acute heart failure is about to receive atropine for another condition. AV nodal tachycardia
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