September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9289 strongest allies, a man who himself is The same was happening in Virginia Officer, sitting there from Florida, in deep sympathy and mourning for where we have lost many lives, untold cares just as much as anybody else this Nation, in a joint meeting. He is in numbers, as of yet, at the Pentagon as does. the Chamber. well as the passengers on flight 77 fly- And so we are all going to stick to- f ing from Dulles, VA, that was hijacked gether in that regard. We do need to and crashed into the Pentagon. learn from this, though. And as we RECESS There are great stories of bravery, learn, we must make sure that as we Mr. BIDEN. Mr. President, I ask with people going above and beyond learn the facts, we do not allow these unanimous consent that the Senate re- what is expected, and that should give attacks to succeed in tempting us in cess for 3 minutes so that the Prime us comfort as a nation. This tragedy any way to diminish what makes us a Minister of Australia may be greeted. has affected many lives, and we still great nation. And what makes us a There being no objection, the Senate, don’t know how many lives. It will great nation is that this is a country at 11:10 a.m., recessed and reassembled probably take a week if not weeks to that understands that people have God- at 11:13 a.m. when called to order by determine how many lives have been given rights and liberties. And we can- the Presiding Officer (Mr. NELSON of lost. Even in the small neighborhood not—in our efforts to bring justice—di- Florida). where we live, where my daughter goes minish those liberties. f to middle school, children were crying Clearly, this is not a simple, normal TERRORIST ATTACKS AGAINST because their parents work at the Pen- criminal case. This is an act of war, THE UNITED STATES—Continued tagon. Others work at Fort Belvoir and and those rules apply. But at home and The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under there was worry that Fort Belvoir was domestically, we need to make sure the previous order, the Senator from being hit. There’s only maybe a couple that we are not tempted to abrogate Virginia is recognized for up to 10 min- of dozen houses in our development, any civil rights such as habeas corpus utes. but a youngster—who came by our or protections against unreasonable The Senator from Virginia. house to get to know my children, his searches and seizures, or the freedom of Mr. ALLEN. Mr. President, my fellow father was on Flight 77. expression and peaceable assembly, Members of the Senate, this is a very So, as the days go forward, we are all freedom of religion. And just because sad day as we witness all of the impli- going to be learning these stories of in- somebody may come from an ethnic cations and tragedies and lives lost nocent people whose lives have been background, that means nothing. They from yesterday’s dastardly terrorist at- lost and the families that will forever are American citizens. And so let’s tacks on the United States. be scarred with the loss of that loved make sure that in our anger and in our Yesterday’s attacks were attacks not one. Our thoughts and prayers must be efforts to bring justice, we remember just on the United States and our par- with those families. Whether they’re in our basic foundational civil liberties ticular Commonwealth of Virginia or New York or people who are from Con- and do not abrogate them. State of New York, it is an attack on necticut or New Jersey, people from We are a nation of laws, of good- freedom-loving people and everything Virginia, here in the D.C. area, I’m hearted people, of loving people. And so we stand for as a unique and great na- sure there are folks from Maryland and I would say in closing, Mr. President, tion. the District, clearly people from Mas- let’s make sure we pray for and com- On Monday afternoon, Senator BOXER sachusetts were on the hijacked flight fort those who have lost loved ones. and I were ready to introduce a resolu- from Boston. Clearly a lot of people Let’s get the facts, move swiftly and tion condemning the suicide bombings from California, since the destination properly. But most importantly, as in the Middle East. We would have in- of all of those flights was to be Cali- Americans, let’s stay strong. Let’s stay troduced that resolution on Monday, fornia. resolved, and let’s keep moving for- but wanted to include another clause This is truly a day that will live in ward. Because, indeed, all the world is recognizing the attacks in Israel on infamy. History will record these as watching, not just the Senate; they are Sunday. We now see with great shock the most violent, insane, cowardly acts watching the United States and Ameri- and horror, that the United States is that have ever been perpetrated on our cans. What will their response be? Let’s obviously not impervious to these sui- homeland in the United States of keep moving forward. We are the bea- cide bombings and such attacks. America. We need to be united, coa- con for freedom-loving people in the What we need to do now is coalesce, lesced as Americans, but also with our world, sticking together we will per- coalesce as a people with our shared be- allies in our resolve, our resolve to pur- severe. We will bring justice. And we liefs, coalesce to comfort those who sue these cowardly conspirators who will come out safer and stronger in the have lost loved ones and then also de- perpetrated these murderous acts. end. termine where we need to go to move In our response to justice, we need to Thank you, Mr. President. forward to try to prevent such acts be sure, we need to be swift, and we The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- from occurring in the future. Our goal need to be severe. In my view, we have ator from Delaware, the manager of and focus right now must be on the res- allowed terrorism to go on too long, the resolution. cue, hoping there are those who are thinking that we could be immune Mr. BIDEN. Mr. President, I yield still alive. Secondly, we need to find as from it. But nevertheless, we need to myself up to 10 minutes to speak. many details and information as to recognize that we’re going to have to The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- how our security was breached so as to wage warfare. ator is recognized. hopefully prevent it in the future. And These people have struck against the Mr. BIDEN. Mr. President, I cannot thirdly of course, hold those who are symbol of American strength and think of any other legislative body in responsible accountable and bring power. They are not, though, going to the world where we would hear the them to justice. be able to weaken the will of the people speech we just heard by the junior Sen- We are hearing stories just in the of the United States. We will stay ator from Virginia, where his heart is first day of great heroes. Heroes in New united, defending our interests and our aching, many in his constituency have York. People who knew that the build- principles. We will also stick together, died. Part of the building in his State ing was going to collapse, but never- not just as Virginians and New York- is still burning. theless stayed there trying to usher ers, but as Americans aiding and help- In the ultimate American way, he people out. On C-SPAN this morning, ing the families who have lost loved called at the end of his speech for not one of those who was just a volunteer ones in whatever they can do. abrogating the basic cherished liberties helper knew what was going on, where The senior Senator from Virginia, that this Nation has. I doubt whether those who were emergency and federal JOHN WARNER, and I will work together one would hear that in any other as- FBI agents were as well, knowing that to make sure that for those Federal sembly in the world after such an at- the building was going to collapse, employees that the Government is tack, and I compliment him for it. staying there knowing those were the doing all they can as well as for the ci- My heart and my sympathy go out to last minutes of their life trying to save vilian employees. And it is not just as our colleagues from New York and Vir- people. Virginians. I know that the Presiding ginia in particular, but all those who

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 23:48 Sep 12, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.017 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9290 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 have had their fellow citizens and their The word should go out to those who Mr. GREGG. Mr. President, I yield 10 constituents victimized by this act. pretend they wish to be our friends minutes to the Senator from Pennsyl- This is a time to mourn but not to de- that they are going to have to make vania, Mr. SANTORUM. spair, a time for resolve but not re- some very difficult choices. Pakistan The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- morse, a time for sober investigation in particular is going to have to make ator from Pennsylvania is recognized and not recrimination, and a time to a very difficult choice, very soon, for for 10 minutes. unite, not to debate. we are counting. We are counting and Mr. SANTORUM. Mr. President, I Some have said yesterday and today we are looking. Words will not be suffi- thank the Senator from Delaware. I that all has changed, all has changed cient. Actions will be demanded. want to say to the Senator from Dela- for America. I know what they mean All of us say we will never let this ware, those are very eloquent and ap- by that, and I respect their view, but I happen again. Well, the act of a single propriate and I think appropriately pray that is not true. I pray that is not individual strapping explosives to their forceful remarks. I am in agreement true. I pray my junior colleague from body is probably something no one can with every word he said. I think you Virginia is correct when he says the ever guarantee will not happen, but are going to see today the U.S. Senate one thing we cannot allow to change is dealing with well organized, well-fund- in agreement. Everyone is standing up the values upon which this country is ed, well-coordinated, massive actions is in support of each other and in support built, for if that were to occur, then something that can be done only in a of the President and the people. We are they would be able to declare victory, multilateral way, only internationally. here for them. We are meeting today. genuine victory. No matter what we do, if we fail to We are meeting for them. I think it is I predict one thing has changed, lead the world in a multilateral unity an important sign that this beacon of though. I respectfully suggest the way of absolute resolve, I say to you, sadly, freedom is open and that the U.S. Sen- of life of present and future terrorists that this could happen again. But I am ate, the greatest deliberative body in has changed forever. The future of or- convinced it will not. the world, is meeting, talking, and I ganized terrorist cells is about to wel- Today, as it has for 212 years, the hope acting today, tomorrow, and for come the 21st Century in a way they U.S. Congress has convened. Two miles the weeks and months to come this never anticipated, for in this dastardly down Pennsylvania Avenue, President year. act they may have done what no other Bush sits in the Oval Office leading the My wife, Karen, and I, and our whole group of people could possibly have executive branch and the country in a family, watched television yesterday, done, and that is to unite the civilized wide-ranging investigation to find just in amazement, in grief, in sorrow, world, unite our allies in Europe who those who committed these barbarous and in tears. We went to church and share our values, unite our Russian acts. Around this city and around New prayed. We didn’t know what else to do friends, our Chinese friends, unite the York, dedicated public servants are but go to church and pray that some- world, because that image of that plane back at their desks in Federal office how and in some way people would sur- smashing into the second tower has re- buildings doing the people’s business. vive this horrible tragedy. verberated around the world and every New York—the city that never sleeps— It has been a very difficult time for a leader in every country can picture the has worked around the clock in search lot of us. It has been a horrible time for same thing happening in their nation. of survivors, and they will find some. the people of New York and the people I recently visited China with three of Around the Nation, citizens of every my colleagues. They have buildings in in northern Virginia. age, every race, and every religion We are committed, as you heard the China as tall or taller than the World grieve for their fellow citizens. But President say today, to do everything Trade Center. I can picture the Presi- they stand united. They stand united we can here in Washington, DC, to help dent of China sitting there envisioning in support of our Nation, which has en- those who are struggling and to sup- the same thing happening. So I do not dured over two centuries against all think all of a sudden there has been a port those who are doing heroic things enemies, foreign and domestic. They in Pennsylvania trying to recover what conversion of democratic zeal on the stand united in readiness to answer the part of those who are not often thought is left of the plane that crashed in call for their fellow neighbors. As Sen- Pennsylvania. And of course in New of as our allies to resolve with us to LINTON and Senator SCHUMER ator C York as well, there are incredible sto- fight worldwide terrorism, but it is a pointed out, they lined the blocks in ries of heroism, and at the Pentagon in reflection of the reality that the world New York City to give blood. I would northern Virginia. Our sympathies and has changed in a way that we all are be dumbfounded if you did not see our support go out to all of those men vulnerable. black faces, Asian faces, Hispanic, and women and their families. A further reality is that no one could every race, and every religion standing I think it is important for us to have undertaken this very well in that line. They stand united in sup- know, as the Senator from Delaware planned, and regrettably well executed, port of the President of the United said, that things should not change terrorist act without an extensive net- States, as do all of us here in the Sen- here in America. I could not agree with work, without a place in which to plan ate. it that was within earshot and eyesight Much will be said today and in the him more. Things must not change of some country, without some people days ahead about the appropriate re- with respect to our freedom and our de- who, by their inaction at a minimum sponses to these heinous acts. But for mocracy. But there are certain things and their complicity, allowed this to now let me just say this. This is not a that must change. I think the Senator occur. There will be very few places to struggle over ideology. This is not a from Delaware hit the nail on the head hide, I predict, from this moment on, struggle over religion. This is a strug- when he said that our actions towards for these are not the acts of a single gle between civilization and barbarity. terrorists must change. man or a single woman. They are and Let there be no doubt that the United What happened yesterday was not they were and they will, if they try States and civilized nations of the merely a hijacking of a domestic air- again, have to be well planned, well world will unite and win this struggle. line flight. What happened yesterday funded, and widely supported by dozens Our enemies will not, and can not, de- was an enemy missile loaded with ex- upon dozens of individuals and indi- feat us. This country will go on, deeply plosives—11,000 gallons of jet fuel—that vidual leaders. wounded by the loss of so many but exploded into targets here in the In speaking to the President, the strengthened by our resolve and our United States of America. It was an act Secretary of State, and other leaders in commitment to sustain this great de- of war. It was an enemy missile that the administration, they are impressed mocracy. was directed at our country. We must by what they believe to be the heart- I see in this cataclysmic tragedy the respond accordingly to this act of felt, sincere, and resolute offers of sup- beginning of the end of organized and war—to those who perpetrated it. We port to deal with terrorism that not legitimized terrorist activities. are at war with terrorists and with only come from expected quarters such The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- those nations that harbor them, that as England, France, Germany, Italy, ator from New Hampshire, the Repub- finance them, and that in any way en- and our European allies but from unex- lican manager of the resolution, is rec- courage and support them. I think it is pected quarters. ognized for 10 minutes. important that we say so here in the

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 02:03 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.020 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9291 United States Senate, at some point, This is a time for us to begin to put the There will be plenty of time for us to that this is war with the forces of evil building blocks in place so we can en- debate bills on the floor of the Senate that attacked this country. gage in a war against those who at- and to discuss the priorities we ought This is not—and I can’t stress this tacked this country. I am hopeful, in to have and who should be held respon- more strongly—a time merely to bring fact I am confident, that we can do so sible. But the human dimension of all people to justice. It is a time to wage in a bipartisan way, in a way that will of this is something I haven’t been able war and win a war against those who lend great honor and credibility to this to get my hands around in these last 24 committed this act, and against those great institution. hours. I just can’t imagine what it who harbor those who committed this Thank you, Mr. President. must be like to be one of the victims of act, and against those who support and Mr. BIDEN. Mr. President, I yield to these terrorist acts, or to know that encourage those who committed this the Senator from Connecticut. there is a loved one trapped somewhere act. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- in those buildings in lower Manhattan, In the U.S. Senate, there are things ator from Connecticut is recognized for or to be the family of a service man or we can do, sensible things we can do, to 10 minutes. woman who knows that just a few support our President and to support Mr. DODD. Mr. President, I thank blocks from here their husband, wife, the American people. the chairman. father, sibling, child, or neighbor is First, as I mentioned before, we can I want to begin by thanking my col- lying in the rubble of the Pentagon, or support the American people right now league from Delaware for not only his to be the family of one of the pas- with the resources they need to try to managing this resolution but also for sengers on the planes hijacked yester- find survivors and repair the damage his eloquent remarks a few moments day. I can’t begin to imagine. that was caused in this country. ago. Second, we need to bring up the De- I also commend the distinguished I want to start by telling those fami- fense authorization bill and the De- majority leader, Senator DASCHLE, and lies that every one of us here in Con- fense appropriations bill right now. We the distinguished minority leader, Sen- gress wishes there were some way we need to make sure we have the nec- ator LOTT, and their respective leader- could express our sense of grief for you. essary tools in place to be able to de- ship teams for the dignity and manner In the days and weeks to come we will fend our country. We need to look at in which they conducted business in try to do that in ways that are mean- the intelligence and counterintel- this body yesterday. I also commend ingful. ligence operations of this country and the President of the United States for I would also like to mention the fire- determine soon whether we should en- his very eloquent remarks last evening men and policemen. We were told last hance that capability, which is obvi- to the Nation. evening that we don’t know what the ously insufficient. We here in the I commend Don Rumsfeld, Secretary numbers of emergency personnel lost United States Senate must do some- of Defense for his efforts yesterday and are. There may be several hundreds thing about it. We must do something for staying on the job while the Pen- who lost their lives as they raced into about it now. It is important for us to tagon was burning. I know there were those 110-storey buildings while trying come together at a time of national probably those on his staff and else- to bring relief to others only to lose crisis and emergency, when our coun- where who urged him to leave. I pre- their lives in the collapse of those try is threatened, to pass the necessary sume they made a good case for it. But buildings. bills for our Government to fight the I admire the fact that Don Rumsfeld Again, for those of you who watched war in which it will be engaged during stayed on the job yesterday to be with the tragedy last year in Wooster, MA, the coming weeks, months—and maybe the men and women who were there— or other places where firemen and longer. the injured, those who lost their lives, emergency services people have given We need to make sure we have the not to mention those who are fighting their lives, I suppose in one sense it is diplomatic representation to represent the blaze and trying to bring that in- not a surprise that the dedication we us, as the Senator from Delaware said, credible scene under control. saw yesterday is seen so frequently and I agree with him 100 percent, we This is a very sad time. It has been around the country, but particularly need to form an international coali- said by others here this morning, and because of the magnitude of the events tion. We need a U.N. Ambassador. We it will be said repeatedly this after- yesterday, we are struck by it. And as do not have an Ambassador to the noon. There are no words I can utter in Senator BIDEN, Senator SCHUMER, Sen- United Nations. I cannot think of a these next few moments that will serve ator CLINTON, and Senator WARNER more important time since the U.N. to lessen the sense of loss that all of us mentioned in their very fine remarks was created that we need an Ambas- feel as Americans. There is a sense of this morning, the people who donated sador to the United Nations. And we poignancy to all of this, obviously, if blood and who are offering services de- don’t have one. That nomination is sit- you are from New York. If you had a serve our respect and admiration. So I ting in the Foreign Relations Com- loved one who worked at the Pentagon, express my gratitude to all of them. mittee. I hope we can get that nomina- there is a special dimension. And, if tion to the floor as quickly as possible you had a loved one on one of the four We have to respond to yesterday’s so we can begin the very important aircraft yesterday that left Newark, events, and we will. I have no doubt of work the Senator from Delaware has Boston, or Dulles there is a special this. However, building the kind of laid out in building a coalition nec- hurt today. Truly, there is a human di- international cooperation necessary to essary to fight this terrible scourge mension to this that we don’t have the do so is awfully difficult. Indeed, if that has attacked this country. ability to understand yet. there is a slight glimmer of a silver lin- Finally, we need to do something It is a God-given blessing during mo- ing to this tragedy, it may be in the re- about our energy needs. Members have ments such as this that human beings sponses our President received yester- told me about places in America where are incapable of fully understanding day from almost every civilized head of they were charging $3 to $5 a gallon for and appreciating the depth of loss im- state around the globe—responses of gasoline yesterday. Yes. Energy will be mediately. It will take days—or longer. support. Maybe in all of this tragedy a very important issue for this coun- Oftentimes what we see with families and rubble, the possibility that the try, and very soon. We need to consider when a person very close to them is kind of response the world has been this bill. Particularly if we are engaged lost, is that in the immediate hours seeking for so many years may emerge in fighting terrorism around the world, and days after that loss, they function like a phoenix from these ashes, and we we need to have more domestic secu- because they have to in order to man- will be able to forge the kinds of rela- rity. We need domestic energy secu- age affairs. But the true impact of loss tionships that allow us to stamp out rity. is sometimes not felt for days and this cancer that has been with us for These are the kinds of things I hope weeks afterwards. I think our country far too many years in Beirut, in the we in the Senate can join together to is in that state this very day. Marine barracks in Saudi Arabia, and pass measures that are important and So, I want to take a few minutes to other places. I saw the list of victims of to prepare ourselves for the war ahead. talk about that human dimension. past terrorist attacks the other day. It

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 02:03 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.022 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9292 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 is many pages long—not of the mag- Monday afternoon about 4 o’clock I got port and grounded every plane in nitude we saw yesterday, but nonethe- a call from a former colleague of ours, America. I believe that was exactly the less, cumulatively hundreds and thou- Bob Kerrey. He called me from a deliv- right thing to do and it was only the sands of people lost their lives at the ery room in New York to tell me that first response. hands of fanatics who believe the loss an hour and a half earlier he became Today, the FAA issued an order ban- of innocent life is a justifiable means the proud father of a young man named ning all knives from air crafts brought to achieve their extreme ends. Henry. My colleague from Texas and on by passengers or in carry-on lug- So maybe—just maybe—if there is her wonderful husband have taken on a gage. It used to be you could take a any solace we can offer to the families magnificent responsibility—recently knife on an airplane that was shorter of the people who have lost their lives, adopting the great love of their lives, than 4 inches, like the kind many peo- out of this we will begin to deal effec- Bailey Hutchison. I am going to leave ple carry on keyrings. That will no tively with the scourge of terrorism. I here momentarily and go with my wife longer be allowed. I am glad the FAA hope that is the case. I hope the Presi- to Arlington to see her doctor. We are took that immediate action because we dent will work on that, and I know we expecting a new arrival. I can’t tell you know from early reports that those here in Congress will. It will be impor- how proud I am of that blessed event. were the weapons used by these terror- tant that in the context of being in a I want to end on this note and say to ists. The FAA has also ended curbside rush to respond to this—and there is a young Henry and to Bailey and to my baggage checks. Everything they are passion we all feel that makes one yet unborn child that we are going to doing is right for our country right want to strike out and grab somebody build a world for you that is deserving now. and make them pay for what they did of the kind of place you ought to have. Later this week I am going to intro- that we temper our anger. I hope we Previous generations did it for us. Cer- duce legislation to reinstitute the ran- have enough sense now to know that tainly, those of our colleagues who dom sky marshal program. Reinstitu- when we strike, it needs to be right be- served in World War II, Vietnam, tion of this program will have U.S. law cause the coalition that we need to Korea, made it possible for us to live in enforcement personnel randomly as- build to respond to this requires that signed to flights to help ensure our we act smartly, intelligently, and cor- a land of peace and democracy. Our re- safety. These are some of the many rectly. If we don’t, we run the risk of sponsibility is no less to future genera- things we will address. fracturing the very kind of coalition tions. The words ‘‘an act of war’’ have I was talking to Senator WARNER and that will be necessary. been used. I agree with that. We need These terrorists had a remarkable to respond to this and to build the kind Senator ALLEN this morning about leg- success yesterday. They utilized Amer- of society to sustain our democratic islation that would allow the vesting ican planes and American fuel to use as values, which we have embraced for for retirement purposes of military their bombs. That they went into three more than 200 years, through trials and personnel who have died in the line of major airports, 15 or 20 people, I am tribulations. To Henry, Bailey, and to duty such as the many victims at the told, in teams of 3 or 5, and com- this yet unborn child of mine, we com- Pentagon yesterday. mandeered 4 aircraft and attacked 2 mit to you that you will live in a I think their surviving spouse should major sites, economically and mili- peaceful world. That is our common receive survivors retirement benefits tarily, and apparently had a target of a goal. I thank the Senator. commensurate with the number of third, politically, is a stunning, stun- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- years they have served, which is not ning set of circumstances. We need to ator from North Carolina. presently the law. Senator WARNER is get some answers. Today may not be Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, I yield up going to push that bill through the the day to get them, but I know my to 10 minutes to the distinguished Sen- Armed Services Committee because of colleagues and millions of Americans ator from Texas. his great leadership position and be- have questions on their minds. People The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- cause his constituents are so affected. will have to answer how this could ator from Texas is recognized up to 10 Many people are in dire straits right occur in the country. minutes. now, not knowing what their future is Yet, I come back to the notion of the Mrs. HUTCHISON. Mr. President, I because of the number of people we lost human element of all of this, and the cannot think of a more appropriate yesterday serving our country in the human element also requires that I way to end a speech than the ending Pentagon. We are going to see some speak to those who are Muslims in our that was just given by the Senator measures coming forward in the next country. There has been a lot of chat- from Connecticut—talking about my few days and weeks and months to try ter over the last 24 hours of who is re- daughter, talking about his future to address the many issues that are sponsible here—Islamic fundamental- daughter or son, talking about our now occurring because of yesterday’s ists, Islamic extremists? I don’t know former colleague Bob Kerrey’s new son. tragedy. if that is right or wrong. I am not privy Every time we reflect upon World Today, however, is more of a solemn to that information. But I urge those War I or World War II or the Korean moment. It is a moment of horror, a who want to provide answers to this War or Vietnam or Desert Storm, I am moment of grief, a moment of tragedy, question to be careful. You only had to reminded that it is our responsibility and a moment for reflection. It is a mo- listen to the words of DAN INOUYE to to keep the zeal for freedom alive, ment which really can’t be described, understand why we should not vilify all which was paid for by the blood of so but we all understand because we feel. members of an ethnic group for the many. I certainly will be committed, It was once said that ‘‘democracy is sins of a few individuals. You only need along with Senator DODD and everyone based upon the conviction that there to walk a block away from here to a in the Senate, to making sure that my are extraordinary possibilities in ordi- monument commemorating the impris- daughter, Bailey, has the opportunity nary people.’’ We saw that yesterday— onment of thousands of people of Japa- to live in the same wonderful country for evil and for good. nese descent 60 years ago. We have that I have been able to grow up in and Yesterday’s attack stunned our Na- wonderful citizens here who are Mus- love. tion, shocked a people, and destroyed lims and practice the Islamic faith. I In the coming days and weeks, we are lives and buildings. The blasts and col- fear that sometimes in our momentary going to be talking about specifics on lapse were felt across our Nation, both passions we can indict some wonderful how we deal with this tragedy. In fact, physically and emotionally. But they Americans, wonderful people, innocent there are some things coming out now did not destroy our spirit, they did not children in this country who were to show that we are acting decisively. destroy our faith, and they will never raised in a very proud and serious reli- I was very proud of the President in destroy our belief in freedom. gion. So we need to be cautious about giving the order immediately to shut Yesterday was filled with images of the rhetoric we use and the fingers we down air traffic in New York, and then horror and unspeakable evil, but also point before we have the facts before throughout America, within minutes of of the American spirit, as individuals us. the second terrorist act on the World and a nation rose to the occasion, met Lastly, I say this. I see my friend and Trade Center it was then clear that it the crisis head on, came together to colleague from Texas on the floor. On was terrorism. We shut down every air- rescue fellow citizens, and also to show

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 01:17 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.024 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9293 a united front to those who are trying The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- If ever we must understand our world to intimidate us. ator from North Dakota is recognized leadership responsibility to stop the Ronald Reagan once said, ‘‘No crisis for up to 10 minutes. spread of nuclear and biological weap- is beyond the capacity of our people to Mr. DORGAN. Madam President, I ons, it is now. solve; no challenge too great.’’ We are listened to my colleague from Texas Over a century ago, after the carnage proving that to be true. Already we are and I share her sentiments. There are of the Battle of Gettysburg, Abraham being touched and inspired by the ac- unique moments in history, that are Lincoln said: tions of ordinary people rising to the too often born of tragedy, when Ameri- . . . we here highly resolve that these dead extraordinary circumstances and prov- cans stand together with a relentless shall not have died in vain—that this nation, ing that they are heroes. determination to combat the forces of under God, shall have a new birth of free- To those who did this and to those evil, and to reaffirm that our freedom dom—and that government of the people, by who support them: No, we will never is secure. This, regrettably, is one of the people, for the people, shall not perish give up. We will never back down. And those moments. from the earth. we will never let anyone destroy our Cowards struck innocent men, Today, in this time and in this place, spirit. Freedom is too great—pro- women, and children yesterday, but we should let those words from nearly tecting freedom transcends all other of really all of America was their target. 140 years ago again inspire our nation’s our duties. It was clearly an act of war, committed steely resolve that those who died yes- That is why we, the Congress, present by madmen, directed against our coun- terday did not die in vain. to you to the Nation and to the world try. America’s response to the deadly a united front. A front united by grief, Our hearts are broken, but our spirit crime that took them from us will be horror, and a firm resolve to do our job is not. And the world should know that dedicated to destroying the ability of to provide for the common defense. It terrorists to wage this kind of war, and is our constitutional obligation, but it we will not give in to terrorists. Last evening, when I drove home giving those who live a new birth of is also our personal determination. freedom from the fear and the impact As we, the Members of Congress, from the Capitol at about 11 in the evening, clouds of black and gray of terrorist acts. stood on the Capitol steps last night, Today the U.S. Congress says to my colleagues and I were of one mind smoke billowed from the Pentagon those in New York, in Virginia at the and one heart. We will remain so. where one of those acts of terrorism oc- Just one person started singing ‘‘God curred. This morning, when I come Pentagon, in Pennsylvania, and all Bless America,’’ and every Member of back to the Capitol at about 7 a.m., around America—those who lost their Congress just joined in spontaneously. smoke still rose from the ashes of the lives, those who loved them, their rel- We are one with those who are strug- Pentagon. atives, their friends—You are not gling desperately to survive, with those Only F–16s and F–15s flew over our alone. Our country grieves with you. fighting courageously to rescue others, country’s capital and in the airspace And our country reaches out to you. with those waiting hopefully for news above New York City. You are not alone. of loved ones—and with those com- All of America is affected by this Finally, Madam President, Shake- mitted to punish those responsible. deed in a very dramatic way—from speare wrote: This is not just an official resolve; it young folks to old folks. Grief hath changed me since you saw me is also personal, and every one of us is Last evening, when I arrived home at last. going to have a personal story. about 11 o’clock, my 14-year-old son We are all changed. Yesterday Yesterday I spent hours on the tele- heard the door close, got out of bed, changed all of us. Our world has phone calling hospitals. Each one of and came up to me and said: Dad, what changed since yesterday. We all carry my staff members had a different hos- happened? Who did this? the heavy burden of grief, and we all pital to call every 30 minutes, looking I told my son—and all of us in Con- carry the responsibility today to en- for the husband of one of my staffers gress will tell America—that we will sure that our response is swift, severe, whose office was located in the Pen- search for, find, and punish those re- and just. And we all carry the oppor- tagon at the exact impact point of the sponsible for these acts of terrorism. tunity today to hold high the torch of crash. He finally was able to get That is our pledge. freedom, and to say to the world: Yes, through to her, and he was OK. He was We must now wage war on terrorism. America’s heart is broken, but Amer- one of the lucky ones. And we must ask all the other coun- ica’s spirit will not bend. But there were those who were not so tries in the world who believe in free- I yield the floor. lucky, such as my friend, whom I loved dom as we do to join us in this effort to The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- dearly, Barbara Olson; that courageous eradicate terrorism. ator from North Carolina. young woman who had so much spunk, Terrorist camps cannot be allowed to Mr. HELMS. Madam President, I who called her husband Ted from the continue to train terrorists. Countries yield to Senator SPECTER and will re- airplane that hit the Pentagon with a that harbor terrorist camps must, as claim my 10 minutes after him. cell phone, and gave us our first indica- the President said, pay a price for har- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- tion of what was happening and how boring them. We must rededicate our- ator from Pennsylvania. this was unfolding. selves to those tasks. Mr. SPECTER. Madam President, I Hope is the strength of an individual; Yesterday, I thought about the car- thank my distinguished colleague from it is the strength of a nation. Though nage that has occurred in our country, North Carolina for yielding. nothing in our history compares to this and the thousands of people who have Madam President, today’s resolution horrifying event, nothing in our char- undoubtedly lost their lives because of speaks in the strongest terms con- acter will let us lose hope or let us be demning yesterday’s cowardly act of consumed by fear. these acts of terrorism. It reminded me We are the very beacon of freedom again of why our country has such an terrorism. Tomorrow, we must do more for the entire world—and we will not enormous burden of responsibility to to bring the perpetrators to justice and let cowards extinguish that light. lead the world, and especially why we take steps to see to it that such ter- Through the darkness, through the de- need to lead the world in combating rorism never occurs again. bris, through the clouds of dust, that the proliferation of weapons of mass While there have been many public light still shines, and from it, freedom destruction, in cutting the number of comments pointing to the so called sig- and hope will continue to reign across nuclear weapons, and in stopping the nature of Osama (aka ‘‘Usama’’) bin the world. spread of nuclear weapons. Laden as to yesterday’s terrorist at- I thank the Chair and yield back my Yesterday it was a commercial air- tacks, we cannot, consistent with our time. liner full of jet fuel. In the future it values, make any judgments until we The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mrs. LIN- could be a vial of deadly biological know more. But what we do know is COLN). The Senator from Delaware. agents that can kill a million people. that Osama bin Laden has been at war Mr. BIDEN. Madam President, I yield Or it could be a suitcase nuclear device with the United States since 1989. We to Senator DORGAN, who is next on our in the trunk of a rusty car parked on a know that in indictments returned by list. dock in one of America’s largest cities. the United States District Court for

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:16 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.026 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9294 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 the Southern District of New York, Bin Laden is at war with the United EXHIBIT 1 going back to 1998 when Osama bin States. It is time that we reciprocate. [United States District Court, Southern District of New York, 98 Cr.] Laden and his coconspirators in al There is a legal issue as to the status Qaeda were indicted for killing 18 U.S. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA v. USAMA BIN of the Taliban in Afghanistan, which LADEN, a/k/a/ ‘‘Usamah bin-Muhammad soldiers and wounding 73 others in we do not recognize as the government. Mogadishu in 1993. So Osama bin Laden bin-Laden,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Shaykh Usamah bin- The Taliban, however, control some 90 has been at war with the United States Laden,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Mujahid Shaykh,’’ a/k/a percent of the territory. For purposes ‘‘Abu Abdallah,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Qa Qa,’’ DEFENDANT for a long time. We know further that Osama bin of a declaration of war and for taking COUNT ONE: CONSPIRACY TO ATTACK DEFENSE UTILITIES OF THE UNITED STATES Laden was indicted again by the United action, there is, in my legal judgment, The Grand Jury charges: States District Court for the Southern a sufficient nation-state entity so that District of New York in 1998 for the at- we can act and we should not be pro- Background: Al Qaeda tacks on U.S. Embassies in Nairobi, hibited from acting because there is no 1. At all relevant times from in or about 1989 until the date of the filing of this Indict- Kenya, where at least 213 people were so-called true nation-state there at the present time. ment, an international terrorist group ex- killed, and in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, isted which was dedicated to opposing non- where 11 people were killed. While on a vastly different scale, Islamic governments with force and vio- Prior to 1986, the United States did when I was district attorney of Phila- lence. This organization grew out of the not have jurisdiction to try terrorists delphia and we had outstanding indict- ‘‘mekhtab al khidemat’’ (the ‘‘Services Of- in U.S. courts for acts committed over- ments, a warrant of arrest would be fice’’) organization which had maintained (and continues to maintain) offices in var- seas. But following the murders of issued. We hunted down indictees. We many people, including U.S. citizens in ious parts of the world, including Afghani- brought them to court, we tried them, stan, Pakistan (particularly in Peshawar) the Rome and Vienna airports in De- we convicted them, and we punished and the United States, particularly at the cember of 1985, I introduced legislation them. Alkifah Refugee Center in Brooklyn. From which became the Terrorist Prosecu- in or about 1989 until the present, the group tion Act of 1986, an act providing for The United States of America has the called itself ‘‘Al Qaeda’’ (‘‘the Base’’). From the death penalty for anyone who as- authority, from the indictments which 1989 until in or about 1991, the group was saulted, maimed, or murdered a U.S. have been handed down and the state- headquartered in Afghanistan and Peshawar, citizen anywhere in the world, which ment of our extraterritorial jurisdic- Pakistan. In or about 1992, the leadership of provided the legal nexus for trying tion in the Terrorist Prosecution Act Al Qaeda, including its ‘‘emir’’ (or prince) these defendants in a U.S. court. of 1986, to take the steps which are nec- USAMA BIN LADEN, the defendant, an its Now, as a result of that legislation, essary to bring bin Laden and his co- military command relocated to the these indictments have been brought conspirators to justice. We have the ca- ***** against Osama bin Laden and his ter- pacity, we have the capability, the of Al Qaeda that the United States forces rorist group known as al Qaeda. military strength, to do what is nec- stationed in the Horn of Africa, including Somalia, should be attacked; For a fuller understanding of the way essary. k. Beginning in or about early spring 1993, bin Laden has waged war against the When demands have been made on Al Qaeda members began to provide training United States, I ask unanimous con- the Taliban for the surrender of bin and assistance to Somali tribes opposed to sent that the pertinent excerpts of the United Nations’ intervention in Somalia; Laden and the Taliban or Afghani- these very lengthy indictments be l. On October 3 and 4, 1993, members of Al stan—or whatever entity we choose to printed in the RECORD. Qaeda participated with Somali tribesmen in The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without denominate it as being—declines on the an attack on United States military per- objection, it is so ordered. grounds that bin Laden is a guest, and sonnel serving in Somalia as part of Oper- (See Exhibit 1.) yesterday there was a news conference ation Restore Hope, which attack killed a Mr. SPECTER. Madam President, where someone from the Taliban ap- total of 18 United States soldiers and wound- ed 73 others in Mogadishu; there have been many declarations peared on international television try- m. On two occasions in the period from in that what occurred yesterday with the ing to defend the Taliban’s position, it or about 1992 until in or about 1995, Co-con- trade towers and the Pentagon were is time we act. Where we have faced spirator helped transport weapons and explo- acts of war. And there is no doubt the extraordinary wounds from yester- sives from Khartoum to Port Sudan for about that. Similarly, what bin Laden day, and they may or may not be a con- transshipment to the Saudi Arabian penin- did in Mogadishu in 1993 and in the Em- tinuation of bin Laden’s past attacks— sula; bassies in 1998 were acts of war. At this time will tell—but in accordance with n. At various times from at least as early as 1993, USAMA BIN LADEN and others time, while the Congress should never our values on the presumption of inno- known and unknown, made efforts to obtain act precipitously, I do suggest that cence and not rushing to judgment, we the components of nuclear weapons; consideration be given to a declaration will await further developments as we o. At various times from at least as early of war against the political entity find out what the facts are and who the as 1993, USAMA BIN LADEN and others which harbors and has given aid and perpetrators were yesterday, even known and unknown, made efforts to assistance to bin Laden’s terrorist or- though they do bear the so-called sig- produce chemical weapons; ganization and bin Laden and his co- nature of bin Laden. But for the acts in p. On or about August 23, 1996, USAMA BIN LADEN signed and issued a Declaration of conspirators, based on the indictments 1993 in Mogadishu, for the attacks in Jihad entitled ‘‘Message from Usamah Bin- which already have been handed down, 1998 on our Embassies in Tanzania and Muhammad Bin-Laden to His Muslim Broth- to which I have referred. Nairobi, Kenya, there is no doubt that ers in the Whole World and Especially in the I do not propose to decide this issue we have the authority to act. Arabian Peninsula: Declaration of Jihad today, but I do think it is important That is why I think with these out- Against the Americans Occupying the Land that research and factual analysis of the Two Holy Mosques; Expel the Heretics standing indictments, which have pin- should begin. from the Arabian Peninsula’’ (hereafter the More needs to be done than the reso- pointed the evidence as to Osama bin ‘‘Declaration of Jihad’’) from the Hindu lution of today, which is very impor- Laden, that consideration should be Kush mountains in Afghanistan. The Dec- tant, on condemnation of the terrorism given to responding to acts of war laration of Jihad included statements that against the United States with the ap- efforts should be pooled to kill Americans of yesterday and the expressions of and encouraged other persons to join the sympathy to the victims and their fam- propriate counterattack, to see to it that we take into custody bin Laden, jihad against the American ‘‘enemy’’; ilies, those who were on the planes, the q. In or about late August 1996, USAMA passengers and the crew, and those in bring him to the United States for BIN LADEN read aloud the Declaration of the Pentagon and the trade towers. But trial, for conviction, and the potential Jihad and made an audiotape recording of where we do know, without prejudging of execution in accordance with the such reading for worldwide distribution; and yesterday’s events, that bin Laden’s death penalty which is provided by r. In February 1998, USAMA BIN LADEN U.S. law. issued a joint declaration in the name of terrorist organization has been in- Gamaa’t, Al Jihad, the Jihad Movement in dicted for acts of terrorism, murdering I again thank my colleague from Bangladesh and the ‘‘Jamaat ul Ulema e U.S. soldiers, blowing up our Embas- North Carolina. I thank the Chair and Pakistan’’ under the banner of the ‘‘Inter- sies, it is time to act. yield the floor. national Islamic Front for Jihad on the Jews

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:16 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.029 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9295 and Crusaders,’’ which stated that Muslims Arabian peninsula; (ii) killing United States of any particular state or district, Usama bin should kill Americans—including civilians— nationals employed at the United States Em- Laden, a/k/a ‘‘Usamah bin-Muhammad bin- anywhere in the world where they can be bassies in Nairobi, Kenya, and Dar es Sa- Ladin,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Shaykh Usamah bin-Ladin,’’ found. laam, Tanzania; and (iii) engaging in con- a/k/a ‘‘Abu Abdallah,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Mujahid (Title 18, United States Code, Section duct to conceal the activities and means and Shaykh,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Hajj,’’ a/k/a ‘‘al Qaqa,’’ a/k/ 2155(b).) methods of the co-conspirators by, among a ‘‘the Director’’; Muhammad Atef, a/k/a MARY JO WHITE, other things, establishing front companies, ‘‘Abu Hafs,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Abu Hafs el Masry,’’ a/k/ United States Attorney. providing false identify and travel docu- a ‘‘Abu Hafs el Masry el Khabir,’’ a/k/a ments, engaging in coded correspondence and ‘‘Taysir,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Sheikh Taysir Abdullah’’; [United States District Court, Southern providing false information to the authori- Fazul Abdullah Mohammed, a/k/a ‘‘Harun District of New York, S(2) 98 Cr. 1023 (LBS)] ties in various countries. Fazhl,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Fazhl Abdullah,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Fazhl UNITED STATES OF AMERICA v. USAMA BIN Overt Acts Khan’’; Mohamed Sadeek Odeh, a/k/a ‘‘Abu Moath,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Noureldine,’’ a/k/a LADEN, a/k/a ‘‘Usamah bin-Muhammad bin- 10. In furtherance of the said conspiracy, ‘‘Marwan,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Hydar’’; and Mohamed Ladin,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Shaykh Usamah bin- and to effect the illegal objects thereof, the Rashed Daoud al-’Owhali, a/k/a ‘‘Khalid Ladin,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Abu Abdullah,’’ a/k/a following overt acts, among others, were Salim Saleh bin Rashed,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Moath,’’ a/ ‘‘Mujahid Shaykh,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Hajj,’’ a/k/a ‘‘al committed: Qaqa,’’ a/k/a ‘‘the Director’’; MUHAMMAD k/a ‘‘Abdul Jabbar Ali Abdel-Latif,’’ defend- The Provision of Guesthouses and Training ATEF, a/k/a ‘‘Abu Hafs,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Abu Hafs el ants, at least one of whom was first brought Camps Masry,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Abu Hafs el Masry el to and arrested in the Southern District of Khabir,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Taysir,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Sheikh a. At various times from at least as early New York, and others known and unknown, Taysir Abdullah’’; WADIH EL HAGE, a/k/a as 1989, Usama bin Laden, the defendant, and unlawfully, willfully, and knowingly did ma- ‘‘Abdus Sabbur,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Abd al Sabbur,’’ a/ others known and unknown, provided train- liciously damage and destroy, and attempted k/a ‘‘Norman,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Wa’da Norman’’; ing camps and guesthouses in various areas, to damage and destroy, by means of fire and FAZUL ABDULLAH MOHAMMED, a/k/a ‘‘Harun including Afghanistan, Pakistan, the Sudan, an explosive, buildings, vehicles and other Fazhl,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Fazhl Abdullah,’’ a/k/a Somalia and Kenya for the use of al Qaeda personal and real property in whole and in ‘‘Fazhl Khan’’; MOHAMED SADEEK ODEH, a/ and its affiliated groups; part owned and possessed by, and leased to, k/a ‘‘Abu Moath,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Noureldine,’’ a/k/ The Recruitment of American Citizens the United States, to wit, the defendants, to- gether with other members of al Qaeda, an a ‘‘Marwan,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Hydar’’; and MOHAMED b. At various times from at least as early international terrorist organization, deto- RASHED DAOUD AL-’OWHALI, a/k/a ‘‘Khalid as . . . Salim Saleh bin Rashed,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Moath,’’ nated an explosive device that damaged and a/k/a ‘‘Abdul Jabbar Ali Abdel-Latif,’’ DE- * * * * * destroyed the United States Embassy in Dar FENDANTS COUNTS TWO THROUGH TWO HUNDRED TWENTY es Salaam, Tanzania, and as a result of such conduct directly and proximately caused the INTRODUCTION SEVEN: THE AFRICA BOMBINGS deaths of at least 11 persons, including Tan- COUNT TWO: BOMBING OF THE UNITED STATES The Grand Jury charges: zanian citizens. EMBASSY IN NAIROBI, KENYA, RESULTING IN Background: Al Qaeda (Title 18, United States Code, Sections MORE THAN 200 DEATHS 1. At all relevant times from in or about 844(f)(1), (f)(3) and 2.) The Grand Jury further charges: 1989 until the date of the filing of this Indict- COUNTS FOUR THROUGH TWO HUNDRED SIXTEEN: 11. The allegations continued in para- ment, an international MURDERS IN NAIROBI, KENYA graphs 1 through 7 are repeated herein. * * * * * 12. On or about August 7, 1998, in Nairobi, The Grand Jury further charges: with representatives of the government of Kenya, and outside the jurisdiction of any 15. The allegations contained in paragraphs Iran, and its associated terrorist group particular state or district, Usama bin 1 through 7 are repeated herein. Hezballah, for the purpose of working to- Laden, a/k/a ‘‘Usamah bin-Muhammad bin- 16. On or about August 7, 1998, in Nairobi, gether against their perceived common en- Ladin,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Shaykh Usamah bin-Ladin,’’ Kenya, and outside the jurisdiction of any emies in the West, particularly the United a/k/a ‘‘Abu Abdallah,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Mujahid particular state or district, Usama bin States. Shaykh,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Hajj,’’ a/k/a ‘‘al Qaqa,’’ a/k/ Laden, a/k/a ‘‘Usamah bin-Muhammad bin- a ‘‘the Director’’; Muhammad Atef, a/k/a Ladin,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Shaykh Usamah bin-Ladin,’’ COUNT ONE: THE CONSPIRACY TO KILL UNITED a/k/a ‘‘Abu Abdallah,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Mujahid STATES NATIONALS ‘‘Abu Hafs,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Abu Hafs el Masry,’’ a/k/ a ‘‘Abu Hafs el Masry el Khabir,’’ a/k/a Shaykh,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Hajj,’’ a/k/a ‘‘al Qaqa,’’ a/k/ 8. From at least 1991 until the date of the ‘‘Taysir,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Sheikh Taysir Abdullah’’; a ‘‘the Director’’; Muhammad Atef, a/k/a filing of this Indictment, in the Southern Fazul Abdullah Mohammed, a/k/a ‘‘Harun ‘‘Abu Hafs,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Abu Hafs el Masry,’’ a/k/ District of New York, in Afghanistan, Paki- Fazhl,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Fazhl Abdullah,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Fazhl a ‘‘Abu Hafs el Masry el Khabir,’’ a/k/a stan, the Sudan, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, So- Khan’’; Mohamed Sadeek Odeh, a/k/a ‘‘Abu ‘‘Taysir,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Sheikh Taysir Abdullah’’; malia, Kenya, Tanzania, the Philippines and Moath,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Noureldine,’’ a/k/a Fazul Abdullah Mohammed, a/k/a ‘‘Harun elsewhere out of the jurisdiction of any par- ‘‘Marwan,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Hydar’’; and Mohamed Fazhl,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Fazhl Abdullah,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Fazhl ticular state or district, Usama bin Laden, a/ Rashed Daoud al-’Owhali, a/k/a ‘‘Khalid Khan’’; Mohamed Sadeek Odeh, a/k/a ‘‘Abu k/a ‘‘Usamah Bin-Muhammad Bin-Ladin,’’ a/ Salim Saleh bin Rashed,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Moath,’’ a/ Moath,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Noureldine,’’ a/k/a k/a ‘‘Shaykh Usamah bin-Ladin,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Abu k/a ‘‘Abdul Jabbar Ali Abdel-Latif,’’ defend- ‘‘Marwan,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Hydar’’; and Mohamed Abdallah,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Mujahid Shaykh,’’ a/k/a ants, at least one of whom was first brought Rasheed Daoud al-’Owhali, a/k/a ‘‘Khalid ‘‘Hajj,’’ a/k/a ‘‘al Qaqa,’’ a/k/a ‘‘the Direc- to and arrested in the Southern District of Salim Saleh bin Rashed,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Moath,’’ a/ tor’’; Muhammad Atef, a/k/a ‘‘Abu Hafs,’’ a/k/ New York, and others known and unknown, k/a ‘‘Abdul Jabbar Ali Abdel-Latif,’’ defend- a ‘‘Abu Hafs el Masry,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Abu Hafs el unlawfully, willfully, and knowingly did ma- ants, at least one of whom was first brought Masry el Khabir,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Taysir,’’ a/k/a liciously damage and destroy, and attempted to and arrested in the Southern District of ‘‘Sheikh Taysir Abdullah’’; Wadih el Hage, a/ to damage and destroy, by means of fire and New York, and others known and unknown, k/a ‘‘Abdus Sabbur,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Abd al Sabbur,’’ an explosive, buildings, vehicles and other unlawfully, willfully, and knowingly did kill a/k/a ‘‘Norman,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Wa’da Norman’’; personal and real property in whole and in the persons listed below during the course of Fazul Abdullah Mohammed, a/k/a ‘‘Harun part owned and possessed by, and leased to, an attack on a federal facility involving the Fazhl,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Fazhl Abdullah,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Fazhl the United States, to wit, the defendants, to- use of a dangerous weapon, to wit, the de- Khan’’; Mohamed Sadeek Odeh, a/k/a ‘‘Abu gether with other members of al Qaeda, an fendants detonated an explosive device that Moath,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Noureldine,’’ a/k/a international terrorist organization, deto- damaged and destroyed the United States ‘‘Marwan,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Hydar’’; and Mohamed nated an explosive device that damaged and Embassy in Nairobi, Kenya, and as a result Rashed Daoud al-’Owhali, a/k/a ‘‘Khalid destroyed the United States Embassy in of such conduct directly and proximately Salim Saleh bin Rashed,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Moath,’’ a/ Nairobi, Kenya, and as a result of such con- caused the deaths of: k/a ‘‘Abdul Jabbar Ali Abdel-Latif,’’ defend- duct directly and proximately caused the ants at least one of whom was first brought Count Victim deaths of at least 213 persons, including Ken- to and arrested in the Southern District of yan and American citizens. 4 ...... Bontia Achola New York, together with other members and (Title 18, United States Code, Sections 5 ...... Samson Oduor Ahomo associates of al Qaeda and others known and 6 ...... Margaret Akinyi 844(f)(1), (f)(3), and 2.) unknown to the Grand Jury, unlawfully, 7 ...... Jesse Nathaniel Aliganga COUNT THREE: BOMBING OF THE UNITED STATES 8 ...... Sylia Ambasa willfully and knowingly combined, con- 9 ...... Elizabeth Anyango spired, confederated and agreed to kill na- EMBASSY IN DAR ES SALAAM, TANZANIA, RE- 10 ...... Monica Apondi tionals of the United States in violation of SULTING IN AT LEAST 11 DEATHS 11 ...... Patricia Atieno 12 ...... Allan Sabato Bando Title 18, United States Code, Section 2332(a). The Grand Jury further charges: 13 ...... Rosetta Baraza 9. The objectives of the conspiracy in- 13. The allegations contained in paragraphs 14 ...... Julian Leotis Bartley, Jr. cluded: (i) killing United States nationals 1 through 7 are repeated herein. 15 ...... Julian Leotis Bartley, Sr. 16 ...... Chrispine Bonyo employed by the United States military who 14. On or about August 7, 1998, in Dar es Sa- 17 ...... Daniel Kiprono Cheruiyot were serving in Somalia and on the Saudi laam, Tanzania, and outside the jurisdiction 18 ...... Jean Dalizu

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Count Victim Count Victim Moath,’’ a/k/a/ ‘‘Noureldine,’’ a/k/a/ ‘‘Marwan,’’ a/k/a/ ‘‘Hydar’’; and Mohamed 19 ...... Sheikh Fahat 133 ...... Joyce Njeri Ng’ang’a Rashed Daoud al-’Owhali, a/k/a/ ‘‘Khalid 20 ...... Eva Nyanjau Gacheru 134 ...... John Mwangi Ngaragari 21 ...... Jane Wangui Gacheru 135 ...... Peter Macharia Ngugi Salim Saleh Bin Rashed,’’ a/k/a/ ‘‘Moath,’’ a/ 22 ...... Alice Nduta Gachiri 136 ...... Abel Mugambi Njau k/a/ ‘‘Abdul Jabbar Ali Abdel-Latif,’’ defend- 23 ...... Raphael Johnson Gathumbi 137 ...... Simon Mwangi Njima ants, at least one of whom was first brought 24 ...... Agnes Wanjiru Gitau 138 ...... Catherine Wambara Njoka 25 ...... Lawrence Ambrose Gitau 139 ...... Agatha Njoki to and arrested in the Southern District of 26 ...... Joel Kamau Githumbi 140 ...... Jacinta Njoki New York, and others known and unknown, 27 ...... Benard Mugambi Gitonga 141 ...... Francis Ndungu Njoroge unlawfully, willfully, and knowingly did kill 28 ...... Susan Wairimu Gitu 142 ...... Grace Nyambura Njoroge 29 ...... Rosemary Njeri Gituma 143 ...... William Waithaka Njoroge the persons listed below during the course of 30 ...... Hassan Hukay Guracha 144 ...... Godfrey Muchori Njuguna an attack on a federal facility involving the 31 ...... Burhan Aden Hanshi 145 ...... Patrick Njuguna use of a dangerous weapon, to wit, the de- 32 ...... Molly H. Hardy 146 ...... Beatric Nyambura 33 ...... Kenneth Ray Hobson 147 ...... Michael Oduor Nyandeba fendants detonated an explosive device that 34 ...... Anthony Kihato Irungu 148 ...... Elizabeth Nyarotso damaged and destroyed the United States 35 ...... George Irungu 149 ...... Vincent Kamau Nyoike Embassy in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, and as 36 ...... Jane Wangari Itotia 150 ...... Janet Ndoome Nzioka 37 ...... Dorine Aluoch Jow 151 ...... Kimeu Nzioka a result of such conduct directly and proxi- 38 ...... John Karoki Kahuthu 152 ...... Magdaline Mbithe Nzioka mately caused the deaths of: 39 ...... Geoffrey Kaleo 153 ...... Joseph Ngove Nzwili 40 ...... Francis Kihara Kamuti 154 ...... Margret Atieno Obonya Count Victim 41 ...... Lawrence Gitau Kamuti 155 ...... Joshua Aneah Obonyo 42 ...... Margaret Wanjiku Kangi 156 ...... Fredrick Ebra Ochieng 217 ...... Abdulahaman Abdulah 43 ...... Charles Mugo Karanja 157 ...... Michael Ochieng 44 ...... Lucy Nyawira Karigi 218 ...... Elisha Paulo Elia 158 ...... Francis Olewe Ochilo 219 ...... Hassan Siyad Harane 45 ...... Moses Kariuki 159 ...... Lawrence Olum Ochoka 46 ...... Christine Wairumu Karumba 220 ...... Ramadhani H. Mahundi 160 ...... Ann Michelle O’Connor 221 ...... Mtendeje Rajabu Mbegu 47 ...... Prabhi Kavaler 161 ...... Duncan Odhiambo 48 ...... Francis Kibe 222 ...... Abdallah Mohamed 162 ...... Emma Odhiambo 223 ...... Abas William Mwila 49 ...... Jackline Nyawira Kibera 163 ...... John Odhiambo Oduor 50 ...... Felistus Njeri Kimani 224 ...... Almosaria Yussuf Mzee 164 ...... Maurice Okach Oholla 225 ...... Shamte Yusuph Ndale 51 ...... Rael Mburi Kimani 165 ...... Simon Otieno Olang 52 ...... Stephen Maina Kimani 226 ...... Bakari Yusuph Nyumbo 166 ...... Sherry Lynn Olds 227 ...... Dotto Seleman 53 ...... Simon Kinuthia 167 ...... Kitalian Olotono 54 ...... Joe Kiongo 168 ...... Hanson Nyabera Omae 55 ...... Arlene Bradley Kirk 169 ...... Hindu Omari (Title 18, United States Code, Sections 56 ...... Frnacis Kabathi Kiu 170 ...... Edwin Omori 57 ...... Dominic Kivuva 171 ...... Enock Omweno 930(c) and 2.) 58 ...... David Ndula Koimburi 172 ...... Lucy Onono 59 ...... Julian Kwali 173 ...... Eric Obur Onyango * * * * * * 60 ...... Peter Mbevi Kyelo 174 ...... John Ouko Onyango . . . stated to a Special Agent of the Fed- 61 ...... Moses Muli Kyule 175 ...... Caroline Opati eral Bureau of Investigation that he had 62 ...... Emmanuel Machambele 176 ...... Silvia Oriendo 63 ...... Denis R. Madegwa 177 ...... Godfrey Okoro Orono never heard that ‘‘Abu Ubaidah al Banshiri,’’ 64 ...... Ann Mumbi Maina 178 ...... Elizabeth Achieng Orwa a military commander for Usama Bin Laden, 65 ...... Frank Maina 179 ...... Evans Osongo had died when in truth and fact WADI EL 66 ...... Lidiah Ndinda Maingi 180 ...... Dominic Alango Otieno 67 ...... Cecelia Mamboleo 181 ...... Elias Otieno HAGE knew that ‘‘Abu Ubaidah al Banshiri’’ 68 ...... Mary Louise Martin 182 ...... Julius Otieno had died in Kenya in 1996. 69 ...... James Otieno Masea 183 ...... Mathew Walunya Otieno (Title 18, United States Code, Section 1001.) 70 ...... Anne Nyambura Mathenge 184 ...... Rogers Otoro 71 ...... Pity Mwihaki Mathenge 185 ...... Elijah Ngito Owino COUNT 238: FALSE STATEMENTS 72 ...... Simon Peter Ngumo Matu 186 ...... Josiah Odera Owuor 73 ...... June Mary Maweu 187 ...... Rachael Pussy 38. On or about August 20, 1998, in Dallas, 74 ...... Lydia Mukuri Mayaka 188 ...... Margret Llello Rading Texas, and Arlington, Texas, the defendant 75 ...... Doreen Mbayaki 189 ...... Ruth Mukami Rungu Wadih el Hage, a/k/a/ ‘‘Abdus Sabbur,’’ a/k/a/ 76 ...... Francis Mbogo 190 ...... Joseph Ondari Salamba 77 ...... Francis Ndungu Mbogua 191 ...... Timothy Odhiambo Sande ‘‘Abd al Sabbur,’’ a/k/a/ ‘‘Norman,’’ a/k/a/ 78 ...... Rachael Kabendi Mboya 192 ...... Uttamlal Thomas Shah ‘‘Wa’da Norman,’’ in a matter within the ju- 79 ...... Lucy Waruthi Mbunya 193 ...... Hassan Jarso Soka risdiction of the executive branch of the gov- 80 ...... Stephen Waweru Mburu 194 ...... Shadrack Nyaga Thito 81 ...... James Mathenge Migwi 195 ...... Samuel Mbugua Thuo ernment, to wit, a criminal investigation 82 ...... Elizabeth Onyango Mito 196 ...... Phaema Vrontamis based in the Southern District of New York, 83 ...... Ahmed Warko Mohammed 197 ...... Gloria Wangechi Wachira unlawfully, wilfully and knowingly, did 84 ...... Luciano Mugambi 198 ...... Shadrack Mwangi Maganyu 85 ...... Justus Njeru Mugendi 199 ...... James Mwangi Wainaina make materially false statements and rep- 86 ...... Gilbert Mugo 200 ...... Teresia Kiongo Wairimu resentations, to wit, the defendant falsely 87 ...... Peter Irungu Mugo 201 ...... Sabena Walter stated to a Special Agent of the Federal bu- 88 ...... Josphat Mutua Muia 202 ...... Adams Wamai 89 ...... Edward Mukaya 203 ...... Rachel Wambui reau of Investigation that he did not know 90 ...... Loise Njeri Mukoma 204 ...... John Gitau Wamutwe Mohamed Sadeek Odeh and did not recognize 91 ...... Samuel Vondo Mulalia 205 ...... David Soita Wanabacha his photograph when in truth and fact el 92 ...... Francis Mukenye Muleki 206 ...... John Amos Wangai 93 ...... Thomas Mundanyi 207 ...... Sharon Wangechi Hage knew Mohamed Sadeek Odeh. 94 ...... Benson Wathigu Muniri 208 ...... Gladys Wangui (Title 18, United States Code, Section 1001.) 95 ...... Caroline Mumbi Muraguri 209 ...... Margaret Wangui MARY JO WHITE, 96 ...... Tirus Muraguri 210 ...... Mercy Wanjiku 97 ...... Catherine Mureithi 211 ...... John Mwangi Wanyoike United States Attorney. 98 ...... Frida Wambui Muritu 212 ...... Margaret Wasike 99 ...... Alice Waruguru Muriuki 213 ...... Margret Njeri Waweru The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- 100 ...... Mary Wanjiku Muriuki 214 ...... Fredrick Maloba Yafes ator from Delaware. 101 ...... Robert Migwi Muriuki 215 ...... Ann Mumo Zakayo 102 ...... Ruth Mwkai Musyoka 216 ...... Unidentified male Mr. BIDEN. I yield to the Senator 103 ...... Wilson Kipkorir Mutai from Vermont, Mr. LEAHY. 104 ...... Florence Mwende Muthama 105 ...... Emmanuel Njaga Muthuria (Title 18, United States Code, Sections The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- 106 ...... Daniel Maundu Mutinda 930(c) and 2.) ator from Vermont. 107 ...... Josphine Nzilani Mutinda 108 ...... Catherine Ndumi Mutua COUNTS TWO HUNDRED SEVENTEEN THROUGH Mr. LEAHY. Madam President, I ap- 109 ...... Caroline Karambo Mutuiiri TWO HUNDRED TWENTY SEVEN: MURDERS IN plaud the Senators from Delaware and 110 ...... Gloria Ngatha Mutuiiri DAR ES SALAAM, TANZANIA 111 ...... Geofrey Munyiri Mutunga North Carolina for leading the debate 112 ...... Patrick Kariuki Muturi 17. The allegations contained in paragraphs on this resolution and, of course, our 113 ...... Gabriel Mwandime 1 through 7 are repeated herein. 114 ...... Harrison Njuguna Mwangi leaders, Senator DASCHLE and Senator 18. On or about August 7, 1998, in Dar es Sa- 115 ...... Naftali Mwangi OTT 116 ...... Roseline Wanjiku Mwangi laam, Tanzania, and outside the jurisdiction L , for bringing this resolution be- 117 ...... Samuel Githua Mwangi of any particular state or district, Usama bin fore the Senate. 118 ...... Moses Aston Mwani 119 ...... Ann Mwaniki Laden, a/k/a ‘‘Usamah bin-Muhammad bin- Most Senators will speak on the floor 120 ...... Isack Mugera Mwaria Ladin,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Shaykh Usamah bin-Ladin,’’ about yesterday’s tragedy. It perhaps 121 ...... Pamela Mboya Mwenge a/k/a ‘‘Abu Abdallah,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Mujahid 122 ...... Edwin Mungai Mweya is impossible for the men and women of 123 ...... Abdalla Musyoki Mwilu Shaykh,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Hajj,’’ a/k/a ‘‘al Qaqa,’’ a/k/ this body to say all the things that can 124 ...... Nkruma Tonny Myizala a ‘‘the Director’’; Muhammad Atef, a/k/a be said and should be said. The 100 of 125 ...... Moses Namayi ‘‘Abu Hafs,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Abu Hafs el Masry,’’ a/k/ 126 ...... Mary Nyaga Ndirango us, though, are given the duty and the 127 ...... Caroline Ndolo a ‘‘Abu Hafs el Masry el Khabir,’’ a/k/a 128 ...... Martin K. Nduati ‘‘Taysir,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Sheikh Taysir Abdullah’’; honor to speak for over 260 million 129 ...... Julius Ndulu Fazul Abdullah Mohammed, a/k/a ‘‘Harun Americans. I know in my case my wife 130 ...... Edwin Paul Ndumbi 131 ...... Ephrahim Kingori Ndungu Fazhl,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Fazhl Abdullah,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Fazhl Marcelle and I, like all Vermonters, 132 ...... Peter Njoroge Ndungu Khan’’; Mohamed Sadeek Odeh, a/k/a/ ‘‘Abu pray for the victims of these heinous

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:16 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A12SE6.012 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9297 acts. We also pray for their loved ones tacked, ‘‘a date which will live in in- and heard the news about the bombing who remain behind. famy.’’ Almost 60 years later, Ameri- of Pearl Harbor. As one of the staff edi- The heart of every American aches cans face such another day and chal- tors of the afternoon 6-day-a-week for those who died or have been in- lenge to our democracy. Just as the newspaper in Raleigh, NC, we prevailed jured. Think how the families and people of this country became united in upon the then publisher of The Raleigh friends feel. I know that in my own World War II, we must unite against Times to publish an ‘‘extra’’—and it State, the head of the Roman Catholic the cowardice of evil and terrorism. As was the last ‘‘extra″ newspaper pub- diocese, Bishop Angell, has been lead- our leaders said this morning: We stand lished in the State of North Carolina, ing his congregation in prayer while here not as Republicans or Democrats, to my knowledge. I recall that we sold his heart aches knowing that his broth- we stand together. approximately 12,000, which pleased the er and his sister-in-law died on one of We will be supportive of our Presi- management of the newspaper. the hijacked planes. Can you imagine dent, our institutions and of each other After the paper was put to bed, I the grief? because a challenge to our freedom is walked up the street to the Raleigh All day yesterday, last night and this going to be answered by the strength of post office and into the Navy recruit- morning, I have heard from my fellow our democracy. Trial by fire can refine ing station to volunteer. I did pretty Vermonters by phone and by Internet. us or it can coarsen us. If we hold to well, but was turned down because of I hear from my friends and members of our ideals, then it strengthens us. Our my hearing in my left ear. I recall my my staff of the losses they have suf- people, our values, our institutions are disappointment. But over in the corner fered of family and friends. I think of strong. President Roosevelt spoke of was a regular Navy chief petty officer. my own children, each one of whom the arsenal of democracy. That arse- Mr. President, I have never met a chief were trying to call Washington yester- nal—our ideals, our values, our free- petty officer of the regular Navy who day when all the phones were jammed, dom, our community, our humanity— didn’t talk out of one side of his to find out where their mother and I sustains us and propels us forward. As mouth. were. You can replicate that for hun- much as our military weaponry these He said: ‘‘Hey, boy, come over here.’’ dreds of thousands of people around the ideals are the arsenal of democracy. I went. country. Let nobody outside our shores have He said: ‘‘You want to get in this We have tried to answer those calls. any question about this: Americans are man’s Navy?’’ We have tried to get the answers for united. All the free world, all civilized I said: ‘‘Yes, sir.’’ them and so often the answers are ter- nations, all caring people will join to- He said: ‘‘I have some friends in rible ones. gether at this difficult time. It has BUPERS.’’ I did not know what I listened to the news a little after 5 meant so much to hear the calls from BUPERS was, but I later found it was this morning. I heard the name of a around the world. Bureau of Naval Personnel in Wash- friend of mine who went into the World Our values, our resolve, our commit- ington. I thought he was pulling my Trade building to help with the rescue ment, our sense of community will leg, but it turned out that he was not, and the building came down—and he serve us well. I am confident that, as a because about 2 months later, I re- died with hundreds of New York fire- nation, we will seek and serve justice. ceived a waiver; I was sworn into the fighters, police and FMS personnel. Our Nation, my neighbors and friends Navy and went to San Diego for 2 or 3 I have said for so many years that in in Vermont demand no less, but we months’ boot camp. a democracy like ours, terrorism must not let the terrorists win. If we Which is beside the point, except to should not be our Achilles heel. It is abandon our democracy to battle them, say that the recruiting station that clear that now more than ever we have they win. If we forget our role as the Sunday afternoon, December 7, 1941, to concentrate on the terrorist threat. world’s leader to defeat them, they was filled with young men, all wanting I applaud the Democratic and the Re- win. And we will win. We will maintain to defend their country. A lot of them publican leaders of the House and Sen- our democracy, and with justice, we did not know where Pearl Harbor was ate for bringing us back into session will use our strength. or what Pearl Harbor was, but they We will not lose our commitment to today. came anyhow because they realized the rule of law, no matter how much As our Capitol was evacuated yester- that their country had been attacked the provocation, because that rule of day, as I stood out here on the plaza unfairly. law has protected us throughout the and saw people coming out of our Mr. President, that is the reason we centuries. It has created our democ- buildings, I said: Lord, let us get back won the war; that was a time when the racy. It has made us what we are in in there as soon as possible for if we let accepted and effective policy of the history. We are a just and good nation. terrorism shut down our democracy, United States of America was to seek We will remain a just and good nation, then terrorism wins. We had to say to but we are a nation capable of a ter- out and find and, when necessary, de- the American people that we were here rible fury, and our enemies must know stroy the leaders of forces resorting to today, including our loyal and brave that. Madam President, our enemies violent harm to the American people. That policy was in effect, as I say, on staff. will know that. I was proud to be in my seat rep- I yield the floor. December 7, but in the years following, resenting Vermont when we opened the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- some in political circles decided to sub- Senate and this building today. We ator from North Carolina. stitute only a vague warning to those know that quite possibly this building Mr. HELMS. Madam President, I making threats by crashing airliners was the target of the plane that yield myself 10 minutes, and I ask loaded with innocent Americans. crashed, but we know that this build- unanimous consent that I be permitted Mr. President, I was encouraged to ing must be opened because the peo- to deliver my remarks seated at my hear the President of the United States ple’s business is done here. No country, desk. last evening and again this morning and no terrorist, no matter how evil, The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without say, in effect, we are going to get them; no matter how twisted, no matter how objection, it is so ordered. they are not going to get by with it. diabolic can close the symbols of U.S. Mr. HELMS. Madam President, I That was the attitude in 1941 when democracy or what we do. Just as the have counted the number of today’s Franklin Roosevelt—and I am the only brave men and women of our Armed U.S. Senators who were around on De- one present in this Chamber at the mo- Forces will not stop because of this cember 7, 1941. There are not many of ment who heard FDR say ‘‘this is a day dastardly attack on the Pentagon. us. Many present members of the Sen- that will live in infamy.’’ And, just as the people in New York ate were not born. The Honorable Well, Mr. President, yesterday was City who make up the fiber of inge- STROM THURMOND was indeed around, another day that must live in infamy. nuity, innovation, economics, and and bless his heart, I am so pleased the Not since the war of 1812 has the city of learning in our country. The rest of the able senior Senator from South Caro- Washington been attacked by a hostile country will pick up the torch. lina is still here and active. adversary. The attack on Pearl Harbor, Franklin Roosevelt called December I remember that Sunday on Decem- of course, matched yesterday’s cow- 7, 1941, the day Pearl Harbor was at- ber 7, 1941, when we came out of church ardly actions in both surprise and

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The We pledge today our whole hearted through that building for over 20 years, losses are perhaps more enormous yes- support for President Bush and his and I fear for the many whose paths I terday; in number in terms of innocent commitment to hunt down those re- crossed there because of potentially lives, than those astronomical numbers sponsible for these atrocities and to unspeakable horrors. in 1941 at Pearl Harbor. punish them in a way that is commen- Equally shocking, it is just as dif- The policy I have just mentioned—of surate with their horrible acts. ficult to imagine hijacked airliners going after adversaries of the United At the same time we are committing being taken from Newark International States of America—was in effect on De- ourselves to provide the resources our Airport, where I have traveled literally cember 7, but somewhere along the line government and our President may thousands of times. But these shocks it began to dissipate after World War need as Commander in Chief to wage a and circumstances which are not only II. The mind-set in some political cir- war to eradicate terrorism. I am personal to me but to everyone cannot cles gradually was substituted for a pleased the Senate is united in this re- allow us as a nation to weaken our re- two-fisted warning to the mean, cruel solve to help ensure that we will do all solve. terrorists who made their threats yes- we are able to do to ensure these trage- I boil with anger at what has oc- terday by crashing airliners loaded dies are never repeated. curred and share with my country men with innocent Americans into public I thank the distinguished Senator. and women the belief that we will leave buildings in New York City and Wash- Mr. BIDEN. I thank the Senator from no stone unturned tracking down those ington. Mississippi. responsible for these acts. I, too, join That was the kind of terrorists who Madam President, I yield 5 minutes, in a chorus that says we must hold all created that disaster yesterday; I hope or slightly more if he needs it, to the accountable, including those who har- I will live to see the day when it will Senator from New Jersey. I thank him bor these criminals and give them aid once again be the unmistakable policy for accommodating the Senator from and comfort. They have no clean of the United States of America to California as well. hands. search for and find that kind of sneaky The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Our Nation was born of strife and the slimy terrorist who created this morn- ator from New Jersey. horrors of war, but we built a country ing’s headlines by crashing those air- Mr. CORZINE. Madam President, I with the brick and mortar of freedom planes and creating destruction and thank you for this opportunity to and democracy. That is what we have disaster and bloodshed and loss of lives. speak. I am awestruck by the passion I to defend. We have defended over the Senator KAY BAILEY HUTCHISON men- feel among all of the Senators in this centuries the fundamental liberties tioned the young lady who called her Chamber. that make us so strong and, as spoken husband from one of the planes on her Today, America’s people in the civ- about so eloquently, including the rule cell phone. All of us had seen her many ilized world join hands and hearts to of law. We have become the world’s times on television and enjoyed her share our grief and our love and to lone superpower, the world’s beacon of talent—and she will be missed. But I steel our will. First for victims, we freedom because of those bricks and hope Americans will again be two- share our grief. We share our love with mortar that built the American dream. fisted, standing together. the ones who are the heroes of rescue, It is our responsibility at this mo- President Bush laid down the bill of and we truly steel our will against the ment in time to stand strong on those particulars, and I believe he is going to evil actors of terrorism. principles. It motivates us and moves say let us get back in the game and In my home State of New Jersey, us to be ever vigilant, protecting our punish these cruel terrorists. there are unknown numbers of families security and freedoms. We fought too I intend to do my best as a United heartbroken with the horror of yester- hard and, frankly, we care too much. States Senator to encourage and sup- day’s tragedy. The personal friendships Millions of men and women have sac- plement such a revival of a policy that and relationships affected in my own rificed their lives over time to secure once protected the lives and property life are acutely painful. As do all of my those freedoms. Yesterday, others of innocent American people. FDR was colleagues, from the bottom of my joined in that sacrifice. We honor right, December 7, 1941, was a day of in- heart I extend my deepest condolences them, but we must not be deterred. Our famy, and yesterday, September 11, to the families and friends of the vic- resolve must be strengthened. 2001, was also a day of infamy. tims and to the courageous men and I want to make sure we do every- We must stand together and vote to- women whose life’s work has been to thing we can to bring those who are re- gether and never be deterred in our ef- protect us, to rescue us in time of need. sponsible to justice, but we must be forts to put an end to this sort of thing, In this moment of grief, we must and just as strong to make sure we rebuild wherever it happens around this world. we will stand together as families, as and move forward in a sure and certain I yield back the remainder of my communities, as one Nation. way. time. Yesterday, America came under at- I know one aspect of that in the fi- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- tack in a manner none of us thought nancial world, and I am clear in my ator from Delaware. imaginable. Our freedoms and liberties own mind that we will not hesitate, Mr. BIDEN. Madam President, I say were challenged by cowardly, faceless that we will not step back and we will to my colleague from North Carolina, fanatics who thought nothing of killing marshal every resource to make sure we have on our side 10 minutes now, innocent people, women and children, things will move forward, and they but one of our colleagues has to go to hard-working men and women who will. California and one up to New Jersey dedicated their lives to believing in the As we move forward from this trag- because of so many folks involved in American promise, the American edy, we must capture and hold those the Trade Tower. If they can split their dream, the values that we all cherish responsible, but the positive is where 10 minutes, will it be all right to have in a society. our hearts must be. But we will never them go in succession? I spoke with the In response to those attacks and this forget. Senator from Mississippi about this. challenge, we need to be united in pur- Yesterday, Lady Liberty stood in our Mr. HELMS. That is fine. pose to move swiftly, surely, thought- harbor, the New York/ New Jersey Har- Mr. BIDEN. I understand the Senator fully, to uncompromising justice. I bor, and watched unspeakable horrors from Mississippi has a statement he know we all recoil with horror as we unfold, but today she stands tall. And wishes to make first. think of those who died in the destruc- so shall we, Madam President. I thank Mr. COCHRAN. Madam President, I tion of the World Trade Center. It was you. thank the Senator for yielding to me. a true symbol of America’s financial The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- The resolution before the Senate and economic strength, just as cer- ator from California is recognized. should be considered by those who have tainly as the Pentagon represents our Mrs. BOXER. Madam President, I planned and perpetrated the heinous military strength. thank my dear friend, my eloquent attacks in New York City and Wash- I worked for many years in that friend, my chairman of the Foreign Re- ington as more than a warning. It is a neighborhood I saw buried under the lations Committee, for this oppor- promise that will be kept. rubble yesterday. In fact, I commuted tunity and for his eloquence, indeed,

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 01:17 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.034 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9299 his vigilance on this topic. I am proud cause of their nationality. People were brothers, sons, and daughters waiting to be on his committee and to head his killed yesterday because they were for word. Subcommittee on Terrorism. Americans. People were killed not be- Yesterday I was on the phone to the Today, I rise with pain in my heart cause they were bad people —they were husband and daughter of a woman—a and great emotion to offer my prayers good people—they were killed because friend—lost in the second flight to pen- and my condolences for the people in they were Americans. etrate the World Trade Center. The this country who have been directly hit It is time for us to say we will fight pain and depth of loss in their voices by an act of war, people of my State of and stand up for them and their memo- was excruciating. And the helplessness my birth, New York, looking at that ries. We will take a stand against inhu- to do anything but to share that pain skyline, the people who work at the manity that occurred on our own soil. and offer comfort brought an even Pentagon every day, who have chosen We are resolved to honor those who deeper sense of anger and resolve for to work to protect our Nation, and the died. We are resolved to make our Na- the acts that occurred. people of California who were on those tion as safe as it can be from those But it is also critical that all of us planes that were hijacked and, of acts. We are resolved to hold those who remember, as we talk about responses, course, to every other individual who planned these attacks and who harbor and war against terrorism, that our was directly affected, and all of us will these people absolutely 100-percent ac- rhetoric be matched by our actions. If have our stories. countable. We will hold them account- indeed there is a war against terrorism, I first thank the people of California able. They must pay because this is the I remind my colleagues that in a war for their outpouring of love and sup- test of a civilized nation. We lead the the first shots are never the last, the port for the people of this country. civilized nations of the world. We will first strike is never the worst. There were vigils, there were prayer not back down. What happened yesterday was ter- services in every denomination yester- I stand proudly with my colleagues rible and horrendous, but we must pre- day. There was an outpouring of people on both sides of the aisle and with our pare ourselves and steel ourselves for giving blood. President. We will be resolved to do ev- the possibility of worse until we People did not know what to do. The erything—and do it well and do it achieve our goal. And to do that we L.A. County Search and Rescue Team right—to bring justice in the world. have to be more prepared than we are somehow got a plane at 4 a.m. They Thank you. today, and we have to take the fight boarded on that plane and they are on The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- wherever we need to, and in ways that the ground in Manhattan. Indeed, we ator from Delaware. we are, frankly, not yet prepared. are one country east coast to west, Mr. BIDEN. Madam President, we I will say, from personal experience, north to south. I have never seen such have a long list. I ask unanimous con- when you are in a war, you do not unity. sent that the next person on the list be throw money at the enemy; it’s bullets One of our colleagues said we remem- Senator KERRY to speak for 5 minutes or other actions that are real. We can- ber where we were when tragedy hit and that we extend the recess for an not guarantee that some fanatic is not this country. In my lifetime, I remem- additional 5 minutes. going to find a way to upset civilized ber too many things—not as many Mr. WELLSTONE. Madam President, order. But we can guarantee that any- things as perhaps Senators who are I was interested in the order. one facilitating or associated with such older, but I certainly remember where Mr. BIDEN. The order after that is an act will pay the highest price. I was when I saw John Kennedy go HOLLINGS, FEINSTEIN, DURBIN, KEN- There are few organizations that down and Martin Luther King go down, NEDY, LIEBERMAN, WYDEN, and could achieve what happened yester- the Challenger disaster, and yesterday WELLSTONE. day. We know who they are. We know the image of our planes, commercial Mr. WELLSTONE. Thank you, who supports them. We should demand American planes, four of them, going Madam President. that those people cooperate with us in down crashing into buildings, being The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without turning them over to us. used as lethal weapons against our peo- objection, it is so ordered. Finally, it is important for the world ple—an image that has shaken us but The Senator from Massachusetts is to see that we will go back imme- has not shaken our resolve. recognized for up to 5 minutes. diately to the business of a great de- Once I was on a plane that was in Mr. KERRY. I thank the Chair. I mocracy. We must—all of us—be back some type of mechanical trouble. We thank my colleague. at the work of our Nation. We must had to make an unscheduled landing. Madam President, never in the time I show that our effort to build a better For an hour we really didn’t know if we have been here—and perhaps in the country goes on, the mission of edu- were going to make it. In that time, modern history of the Senate—has any cating our children for full citizenship passengers were consoling each other of us come to the floor with such a goes on, the job of making our country and getting out their fears, attendants weight as today, with our hearts lit- stronger goes on. were reading the crash landing manu- erally heavy and aching with the pain I believe one of the first things we als. I reached for the phone. I called my of what we have witnessed and what we should commit to as a country, with family. I left a message. I thought: Did know so many families are experi- Federal help, that underscores our Na- I tell them before how much they mean encing today, and also with a sense of tion’s purpose, is to rebuild the towers to me? All I could think of yesterday outrage at the loss of every innocent of the World Trade Center and to show was about the people on those planes, citizen and every single person who the world that we are not afraid; we every one of whom had a family. Basi- went to work expecting a normal day, are defiant. cally, as I understand it, they knew every police officer who put themselves To those who might say, ‘‘why create they were going to go down, and in into harm’s way, every fireman who another target?’’ The answer is simple: many cases, as I understand, were tried to save a life and lost their own, If we are indeed at war with terrorism, being told if they wanted to call their and at the astonishing number of their there is no shortage of targets in the families, they were crashing. The utter loss with the experience of a breach in United States. There is a White House, terror, the utter callousness of this, their special brotherhood and sister- and a Capitol, and countless other tall the inhumanity of this, is unbearable, hood that can never be healed, the loss buildings. This is not a question of tar- what our people went through on those of emergency personnel. These losses gets; it is a question of strength and of planes and then those innocent people are felt by all of us in a very special, our national resolve to stand up and working in the Pentagon and the World personal, and searing way. show our strength. That is the best Trade Center. It is also fair to say that all of us monument we could build to those who I am going to make a very strong have a deep feeling of outrage and re- died yesterday. statement. When we look back into sentment for the killing of our inno- In Massachusetts, Madam President, history and what happened in Bosnia, cent citizens, for the attack against we particularly grieve and feel the full people suffered genocide because of our country, for the fear and panic we measure of what happened yesterday. their nationality, and to the Holo- saw in the faces and voices of our peo- Two of those flights came out of our caust, people suffered annihilation be- ple; children crying; parents, wives, airport. Many of those people on those

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:16 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00017 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.037 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9300 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 flights—the vast majority of them— There is a sufficient second. to yesterday’s matters? May I ask the came from our State. The yeas and nays were ordered. leader? So to all of those who currently Mr. DASCHLE. Madam President, I Mr. DASCHLE. Madam President, if I await word or those who know because ask that all Senators take their desks may respond, under the previous unani- of the nature of the flights, we extend and that we vote from our desks on mous consent request, two of our Re- our deepest condolences and we grieve this resolution. I appreciate the co- publican colleagues had sought rec- together as citizens of Massachusetts operation from both sides. ognition and we had locked in time for and of this great country. I yield the floor. those two speakers prior to the time I thank the Chair. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The we recess. That will still be the order. question is on the engrossment and Mr. THOMPSON. I thank the leader. f third reading of the joint resolution. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- RECESS The joint resolution was ordered to ator from Tennessee. be engrossed for a third reading and Mr. THOMPSON. Madam President, The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under we meet here today to express our out- the previous order, the Senate stands was read the third time. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The joint rage even though words cannot express in recess until the hour of 1:45. resolution having been read the third the sorrow and anger that fills our Thereupon, the Senate, at 12:54 p.m., time, the question is, Shall the joint hearts. But we must express these feel- recessed until 1:44 p.m. and reassem- resolution pass? The yeas and nays ings—on behalf of the family and bled when called to order by the Pre- have been ordered. friends of thousands of innocent vic- siding Officer (Ms. STABENOW). The clerk will call the roll. tims, many whose identities we do not f The legislative clerk called the roll. yet know—and on behalf of our entire nation. ORDER OF PROCEDURE The result was announced—yeas 100, nays 0, as follows: Our young people must wonder why The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- [Rollcall Vote No. 277 Leg.] the United States who they are taught ator from Nevada. YEAS—100 is the beacon of hope and liberty for Mr. REID. Madam President, I ask the world—why we of all countries— Akaka Durbin McCain unanimous consent that the recess Allard Edwards McConnell should be the world’s main target of originally scheduled to end at 3 o’clock Allen Ensign Mikulski such savagery. be extended to the hour of 3:30 today. Baucus Enzi Miller I suggest it is because those teach- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Bayh Feingold Murkowski ings to our young people are true. It is Bennett Feinstein Murray objection, it is so ordered. Biden Fitzgerald Nelson (FL) because our history and the principles Mr. REID. I suggest the absence of a Bingaman Frist Nelson (NE) on which our country was founded go quorum. Bond Graham Nickles against the trend of thousands of years Boxer Gramm Reed of human history. Thousands of years The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Breaux Grassley Reid clerk will call the roll. Brownback Gregg Roberts of ‘‘might makes right,’’ of rulers and The legislative clerk proceeded to Bunning Hagel Rockefeller dictatorships of all shapes and forms, call the roll. Burns Harkin Santorum of religious intolerance and subjuga- Byrd Hatch Sarbanes tion. We have shown the world that it Mr. REID. Madam President, I ask Campbell Helms Schumer unanimous consent the order for the Cantwell Hollings Sessions doesn’t have to be that way. And to- quorum call be rescinded. Carnahan Hutchinson Shelby day’s tyrants and would-be tyrants Carper Hutchison Smith (NH) cannot afford to let that example The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Chafee Inhofe Smith (OR) objection, it is so ordered. Cleland Inouye Snowe stand. Mr. REID. Madam President, the Clinton Jeffords Specter But stand it will. If this giant, Amer- order now before the Senate is that Cochran Johnson Stabenow ica, has been sleeping as some say, it Collins Kennedy Stevens when the vote is completed, we will go has been awakened once again and will Conrad Kerry Thomas not rest until an example is make of into recess until 3:30 today. Corzine Kohl Thompson Prior to the recess before the noon Craig Kyl Thurmond those who would murder our innocent Crapo Landrieu Torricelli citizens and tear at the very fabric of luncheon, there were two Democrats Daschle Leahy Voinovich who had spoken, so now the Repub- our national existence. Part of a great Dayton Levin Warner nation’s responsibility for keeping licans have the opportunity to speak DeWine Lieberman Wellstone peace in the world is the threat it must twice. Two Republicans would like to Dodd Lincoln Wyden Domenici Lott pose to those who would upset that do that prior to the recess beginning. Dorgan Lugar peace. Therefore, we must act as a de- If there is no objection, I ask unani- The joint resolution (S.J. Res. 22) terrent to outrageous activity when mous consent that two Republicans be was passed. our interests are involved. allowed to speak for up to 10 minutes The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ma- And America’s response in this mat- each prior to the recess beginning. jority leader. ter should set a lasting example of The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Mr. DASCHLE. For the information what happens to those who unleash objection, it is so ordered. of all Senators, this will be the only bloody attacks especially on our own Mr. REID. I suggest the absence of a vote cast today. We will stand in recess soil. quorum. until 3:30 this afternoon to accommo- The time for carefully measured pin- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The date the briefing that begins—now at prick responses to terrorists activities clerk will call the roll. 2:30, not 2 o’clock, in room 407. has passed. The legislative clerk proceeded to Tomorrow it is my hope to renew the But we in this body and in the House call the roll. deliberations and hopefully complete do not have the luxury of simply ex- Mr. DASCHLE. Madam President, I our work on the Commerce-Justice- pressing our outrage demanding ret- ask unanimous consent the order for State appropriations bill. That will be ribution. We, along with the President, the quorum call be dispensed with. tomorrow. set policy and we must quickly rec- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without After 3:30 this afternoon, we invite oncile ourselves to some of things that objection, it is so ordered. Senators to come back to the floor to we must do. f express themselves if they have not yet Since our victory in the cold war, we had the opportunity to do so. have become somewhat complacent in TERRORIST ATTACKS AGAINST I yield the floor. the notion that the most significant THE UNITED STATES—Continued The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- danger to our nation has passed. We see Mr. DASCHLE. Madam President, I ator from Tennessee. it in our military budget and we hear it ask for the yeas and nays on the reso- Mr. THOMPSON. Madam President, in our rhetoric. We see it in our de- lution. was it the intention to recess imme- bates over which threat to our country The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a diately or will there be an opportunity is most probable even though yester- sufficient second? to make a short statement with regard day’s events should remind us once

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