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Story Time: The Letter Oo Often or occasionally, original letters like O are observed as obsequious to other letters. One shouldn’t be ob- tuse about it. O is found in words like orange, otter, only, octopus, oh, owl, and an ocean’s worth of other words. Observe with the letter O by looking for opposites either verbally like high/low voices or other word pairs like on/off, up/down or quiet/loud. Books to Share Featuring the Letter O Songs to Sing Together This is Big, Big, Big This is big, big, big. (hold arms out wide) This is small, small, small. (cup hands close together) This is short, short, short. (hold hands close together, vertically) This is tall, tall, tall. (spread hands apart vertically) This is fast, fast, fast. (roll hands quickly) This is slow, slow, slow. (roll hands slowly) This is yes, yes, yes. (nod head yes) This is no, no, no. (shake head no) 5 little owls on a moonlit night 5 little owls are quite a sight. 5 little owls, are you keeping score? One flew away! And then there were 4. 4 little owls, happy as can be, One flew away! Then there were 3. 3 little owls calling "Whoo! Whoo!" One flew away! And that left two. 2 little owls having lots of fun. One flew away! And that left 1. 1 little owl We are almost done. He flew away! And that leaves none. Story Time: The Letter Oo Activities with the Letter O O is for Opposites O is for Octopus Create one of the smartest Use food to make concepts like oppo- creatures in the ocean, the sites more relatable. This page suggests octopus. Go to this page has using dry and wet oatmeal, among for a template to print out. other foods, as a part of sensory play. Follow this link to find out about this blog.allaboutlearningpress.com/letter-o-craft- activity and more. octopus/ fantasticfunandlearning.com/o-is-for-opposites-wet- and-dry-sensory-play.html O is for Orange The fruit and color come together in this craft. Find more ideas to talk about the letter O by visiting this site. thesimpleparent.com/letter-of-the- week-o-craft/ .

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X|X Is a Letter in the English Alphabet
Example: Let Example: Let U be the set of all senators in Congress. Then U = {x|x is a letter in the English alphabet} = {a, b, c, ..., z} A = {x|x is a vowel} = {a, e, i, o, u} D={x ∈ U| x is a Democrat} R={x ∈ U| x is a Republican} B = {x|x is a letter in the word texas} = { t, e, x, a, s} F={x ∈ U|x is a female} L={x ∈ U|x is a lawyer} Find the following sets and express your answer in a Venn diagram Find the region on the Venn diagram that corresponds to the set of b all senators that are democrats and are female or lawyers. Express this set symbolically. c z d A B y u a e x i t f o w s g v h j r k l m n pq a) What is AB? b) What is Ac B? c) What is A Bc? 1 2 The Number of Elements in a Finite Set Example: A store has 150 clocks in stock. 100 of these clocks have AM or FM radios. 70 clocks had FM circuitry and 90 had AM The number of elements in set A is n(A). circuitry. How many had both AM and FM? How many were AM only? How many were FM only? if A = {x|x is a letter in the English alphabet}, then n(A)=26. Answer: Let If A = ∅ then n(A) = 0. U = {x|x is a clock in stock}, n(U) = A = {x|x is a set that can receive FM}, n(A) = B = {x|x is a set that can receive AM}, n(B) = We are also given that n(A B) = A B y Use the union rule to find the number in AB, x z n(A B) = UNION RULE: Find n(Ac B) = = how many have only AM.
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Part 1: Introduction to The
PREVIEW OF THE IPA HANDBOOK Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A guide to the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet PARTI Introduction to the IPA 1. What is the International Phonetic Alphabet? The aim of the International Phonetic Association is to promote the scientific study of phonetics and the various practical applications of that science. For both these it is necessary to have a consistent way of representing the sounds of language in written form. From its foundation in 1886 the Association has been concerned to develop a system of notation which would be convenient to use, but comprehensive enough to cope with the wide variety of sounds found in the languages of the world; and to encourage the use of thjs notation as widely as possible among those concerned with language. The system is generally known as the International Phonetic Alphabet. Both the Association and its Alphabet are widely referred to by the abbreviation IPA, but here 'IPA' will be used only for the Alphabet. The IPA is based on the Roman alphabet, which has the advantage of being widely familiar, but also includes letters and additional symbols from a variety of other sources. These additions are necessary because the variety of sounds in languages is much greater than the number of letters in the Roman alphabet. The use of sequences of phonetic symbols to represent speech is known as transcription. The IPA can be used for many different purposes. For instance, it can be used as a way to show pronunciation in a dictionary, to record a language in linguistic fieldwork, to form the basis of a writing system for a language, or to annotate acoustic and other displays in the analysis of speech.
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Learning Pack
Letter Z Learning Pack © Fun With Mama 2 Piece Puzzles Zeppelin © Fun With Mama zero © Fun With Mama Zipper © Fun With Mama zoo © Fun With Mama 3 Piece Puzzles © Fun With Mama © Fun With Mama © Fun With Mama © Fun With Mama © Fun With Mama 4 Piece Puzzle © Fun With Mama © Fun With Mama 4 Piece Puzzle © Fun With Mama © Fun With Mama Puzzle Cards – Two Piece © Fun With Mama © Fun With Mama © Fun With Mama © Fun With Mama © Fun With Mama © Fun With Mama © Fun With Mama Puzzle Cards – Four Piece © Fun With Mama © Fun With Mama © Fun With Mama © Fun With Mama © Fun With Mama © Fun With Mama © Fun With Mama Tracing © Fun With Mama Cutting Practice © Fun With Mama Maze © Fun With Mama Maze © Fun With Mama 3 Part Cards - Whole zap zeppelin zoo zinnia zigzag zipper zebra zero zucchini © Fun With Mama 3 Part Cards - Split © Fun With Mama zap zeppelin zoo © Fun With Mama zinnia zigzag zipper © Fun With Mama zebra zero zucchini © Fun With Mama Size Sequencing Cards Cut out and sort according to size. © Fun With Mama © Fun With Mama Size Sequencing Cards Cut out and sort according to size. © Fun With Mama © Fun With Mama Size Sequencing Cards Cut out and sort according to size. © Fun With Mama © Fun With Mama Size Sequencing Cards Cut out and sort according to size. © Fun With Mama © Fun With Mama Size Sequencing Cards Cut out and sort according to size. © Fun With Mama © Fun With Mama Size Sequencing Cards Cut out and sort according to size.
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Conversion Table a = 1 B = 2 C = 3 D = 4 E = 5 F = 6 G = 7 H = 8 I = 9 J = 10 K =11 L = 12 M = 13 N =14 O =15 P = 16 Q =17 R
Classroom Activity 2 Math 113 The Dating Game Introduction: Disclaimer: Although this is called the “Dating Game”, it is merely intended to help the student gain understanding of the concept of Standard Deviation. It is not intended to help students find dates. The day after Thanksgiving, 1996, I was driving my sister, Conversion Table brother-in-law, and sister-in-law over to meet my brother in A=1 K=11 U=21 Springfield at the Mission where he and his wife helped out. B=2 L=12 V=22 During this drive, I ask my sister, “How do you know which C=3 M=13 W=23 woman is the right one for you?”. Now, my sister was born D=4 N=14 X=24 a Jones, and like the rest of the family, she can make E=5 O=15 Y=25 anything sound believable. Without missing a beat, she F=6 P=16 Z=26 said, “You take the letters in her name, convert them to G=7 Q=17 numbers, find the standard deviation, and whoever’s H=8 R=18 standard deviation is closest to yours is the woman for you.” I=9S=19 I was so proud of my sister, that was a really good answer. J=10 T=20 Then, she followed it up with “Actually, if you can find a woman who knows what a standard deviation is, that’s the woman for you.” The first part was easy, take each letter in your name and convert it to a number. Use the system where an A=1, B=2, ..
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Psalms 119 & the Hebrew Aleph
Psalms 119 & the Hebrew Aleph Bet - Part 17 The seventeenth letter of the Hebrew alphabet is called “Pey” (sounds like “pay”). It has the sound of “p” as in “park”. Pey has the numeric value of 80. In modern Hebrew, the letter Pey can appear in three forms: Writing the Letter: Pey Note: Most people draw the Pey in two strokes, as shown. The dot, or “dagesh” mark means the pey makes the “p” sound, as in “park”. Note: The sole difference between the letter Pey and the letter Fey is the presence or absence of the dot in the middle of the letter (called a dagesh mark). When you see the dot in the middle of this letter, pronounce it as a "p"; otherwise, pronounce it as "ph" (or “f”). Five Hebrew letters are formed differently when they appear as the last letter of a word (these forms are sometimes called "sofit" (pronounced "so-feet") forms). Fortunately, the five letters sound the same as their non-sofit cousins, so you do not have to learn any new sounds (or transliterations). The Pey (pronounced “Fey” sofit has a descending tail, as shown on the left. Pey: The Mouth, or Word The pictograph for Pey looks something like a mouth, whereas the classical Hebrew script (Ketav Ashurit) is constructed of a Kaf with an ascending Yod: Notice the “hidden Bet” within the letter Pey. This shape of the letter is required when a Torah scribe writes Torah scrolls, or mezzuzahs. From the Canaanite pictograph, the letter morphed into the Phoenician ketav Ivri, to the Greek letter (Pi), which became the Latin letter “P.” means “mouth” and by extension, “word,” “expression,” “vocalization,” and “speech”.
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Alphabets, Letters and Diacritics in European Languages (As They Appear in Geography)
1 Vigleik Leira (Norway): [email protected] Alphabets, Letters and Diacritics in European Languages (as they appear in Geography) To the best of my knowledge English seems to be the only language which makes use of a "clean" Latin alphabet, i.d. there is no use of diacritics or special letters of any kind. All the other languages based on Latin letters employ, to a larger or lesser degree, some diacritics and/or some special letters. The survey below is purely literal. It has nothing to say on the pronunciation of the different letters. Information on the phonetic/phonemic values of the graphic entities must be sought elsewhere, in language specific descriptions. The 26 letters a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, p, q, r, s, t, u, v, w, x, y, z may be considered the standard European alphabet. In this article the word diacritic is used with this meaning: any sign placed above, through or below a standard letter (among the 26 given above); disregarding the cases where the resulting letter (e.g. å in Norwegian) is considered an ordinary letter in the alphabet of the language where it is used. Albanian The alphabet (36 letters): a, b, c, ç, d, dh, e, ë, f, g, gj, h, i, j, k, l, ll, m, n, nj, o, p, q, r, rr, s, sh, t, th, u, v, x, xh, y, z, zh. Missing standard letter: w. Letters with diacritics: ç, ë. Sequences treated as one letter: dh, gj, ll, rr, sh, th, xh, zh.
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The Greek Alphabet Sight and Sounds of the Greek Letters (Module B) the Letters and Pronunciation of the Greek Alphabet 2 Phonology (Part 2)
The Greek Alphabet Sight and Sounds of the Greek Letters (Module B) The Letters and Pronunciation of the Greek Alphabet 2 Phonology (Part 2) Lesson Two Overview 2.0 Introduction, 2-1 2.1 Ten Similar Letters, 2-2 2.2 Six Deceptive Greek Letters, 2-4 2.3 Nine Different Greek Letters, 2-8 2.4 History of the Greek Alphabet, 2-13 Study Guide, 2-20 2.0 Introduction Lesson One introduced the twenty-four letters of the Greek alphabet. Lesson Two continues to present the building blocks for learning Greek phonics by merging vowels and consonants into syllables. Furthermore, this lesson underscores the similarities and dissimilarities between the Greek and English alphabetical letters and their phonemes. Almost without exception, introductory Greek grammars launch into grammar and vocabulary without first firmly grounding a student in the Greek phonemic system. This approach is appropriate if a teacher is present. However, it is little help for those who are “going at it alone,” or a small group who are learning NTGreek without the aid of a teacher’s pronunciation. This grammar’s introductory lessons go to great lengths to present a full-orbed pronunciation of the Erasmian Greek phonemic system. Those who are new to the Greek language without an instructor’s guidance will welcome this help, and it will prepare them to read Greek and not simply to translate it into their language. The phonic sounds of the Greek language are required to be carefully learned. A saturation of these sounds may be accomplished by using the accompanying MP3 audio files.
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Letter Introduction- Zz
Letter Introduction Routine—Zz Objective Children will practice the name, sound, and formation of the letter Zz. Materials Preparation letter card or anchor chart Practice pronouncing the sound of Z. You may choose to view the of the letter Zz sounds video to prepare. The sound will be represented as /z/. Use a large letter card showing the uppercase and lowercase letters along with a picture of a word that starts with Z. If you do not have letter cards, make an anchor chart by writing the uppercase and lowercase letters on a large piece of construction paper, and including a picture of a zipper or a zoo. Introduce Hide or cover your letter card/anchor chart. Lead children in the “New Letter Chant”: “A brand new letter is waiting for me! New letter, new letter, what will it be?” Build excitement as you reveal the target letter: “Today our letter will be… Z!” Uncover the letter. Teach the Letter Name Point to Zz on the letter card. “This is the letter Z. What letter?” Children respond. “Let’s say it in a sentence. Repeat after me: This letter’s name is Z.” Children: “This letter’s name is Z.” Point to the uppercase letter. “Repeat after me: This is the uppercase Z.” Children: “This is the uppercase Z.” Point to the lowercase letter. “Repeat after me: This is the lowercase z.” Children: “This is the lowercase z.” Teach the Letter Sound Cup your ear as if listening for a sound. “The sound this letter makes is /z/. What sound?” Children respond.
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Fonts for Latin Paleography 
FONTS FOR LATIN PALEOGRAPHY Capitalis elegans, capitalis rustica, uncialis, semiuncialis, antiqua cursiva romana, merovingia, insularis majuscula, insularis minuscula, visigothica, beneventana, carolina minuscula, gothica rotunda, gothica textura prescissa, gothica textura quadrata, gothica cursiva, gothica bastarda, humanistica. User's manual 5th edition 2 January 2017 Juan-José Marcos [email protected] Professor of Classics. Plasencia. (Cáceres). Spain. Designer of fonts for ancient scripts and linguistics ALPHABETUM Unicode font http://guindo.pntic.mec.es/jmag0042/alphabet.html PALEOGRAPHIC fonts http://guindo.pntic.mec.es/jmag0042/palefont.html TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER Page Table of contents 2 Introduction 3 Epigraphy and Paleography 3 The Roman majuscule book-hand 4 Square Capitals ( capitalis elegans ) 5 Rustic Capitals ( capitalis rustica ) 8 Uncial script ( uncialis ) 10 Old Roman cursive ( antiqua cursiva romana ) 13 New Roman cursive ( nova cursiva romana ) 16 Half-uncial or Semi-uncial (semiuncialis ) 19 Post-Roman scripts or national hands 22 Germanic script ( scriptura germanica ) 23 Merovingian minuscule ( merovingia , luxoviensis minuscula ) 24 Visigothic minuscule ( visigothica ) 27 Lombardic and Beneventan scripts ( beneventana ) 30 Insular scripts 33 Insular Half-uncial or Insular majuscule ( insularis majuscula ) 33 Insular minuscule or pointed hand ( insularis minuscula ) 38 Caroline minuscule ( carolingia minuscula ) 45 Gothic script ( gothica prescissa , quadrata , rotunda , cursiva , bastarda ) 51 Humanist writing ( humanistica antiqua ) 77 Epilogue 80 Bibliography and resources in the internet 81 Price of the paleographic set of fonts 82 Paleographic fonts for Latin script 2 Juan-José Marcos: [email protected] INTRODUCTION The following pages will give you short descriptions and visual examples of Latin lettering which can be imitated through my package of "Paleographic fonts", closely based on historical models, and specifically designed to reproduce digitally the main Latin handwritings used from the 3 rd to the 15 th century.
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African Reference Alphabet’ (1978 & 1982)
African Alphabets African languages & alphabets Approximately one third of the world’s recorded languages are spoken in sub-Saharan Africa. The great majority of these are in danger of extinction as dominant regional and trade languages replace minority local languages. Many of languages remain unwritten, or are written only by linguists studying the languages. Most written African language use extended Latin alphabets, most derived from 20th century standards introduced by linguists and missionaries and embraced by post-colonial African governments. The majority of African languages are tonal; tone and other aspects of pronunciation may be indicated in writing, usually optionally and in the context of pedagogy. Karl Richard Lepsius’ Standard Alphabet (1855, r.1863) ʾ ³ h hʿ q k g ṅ χ γ ṙ kʼ gʼ ń χ́ š š́ γ́ ž ž́ y lʼ ṭ ḍ ṇ ṣ̌ ẓ̌ ṛ ḷ ṯ ḏ s̱ ẕ δ̱ t d n s z θ δ r l p bʼ m f v w ʘ ǀ ǃ ǁ ǂ Vowels use regular Latin letters. Vowel length may be indicated by macron or breve, open vowels by a line below the letter, and central vowels by an ogonek-like hook. Rounded front vowels are marked by a diaeresis, above or below as other marks necessitate... Africa Institute Alphabet (1928) abɓcdɖeɛǝfƒgɣhxijkl mnŋoɔprsʃtuvʋwyzʒ ABБ* CDƉEƐƎFƑGƔHXIJKL MNŊOƆPRSƩTUVƲWYZƷ *Б later changed to Ɓ Niamey ‘African Reference Alphabet’ (1978 & 1982) 1982 revision presented as unicameral (lowercase only). Niamey ‘African Reference Alphabet’ (1978 & 1982) Pan-Nigerian Alphabet (early 1980s) ABƁCDƊEƎẸFGHIỊJKƘLM NOỌPRSṢTUỤVWYZ abɓcdɗeǝẹfghiịjkƙlm noọprsṣtuụvwyz Vocalisation marking Generally optional, but very important for language and literacy education.
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Ancient & Modern Latin Alphabet
Ancient and modern Latin alphabet 9/26/05 11:59 PM Writing systems: abjads | alphabets | syllabic alphabets | syllabaries | complex scripts undeciphered scripts | alternative scripts | your con-scripts | A-Z index Latin alphabet Ancient Latin alphabet Roman alphabet for Latin Irish uncial alphabet Old English alphabet Modern Latin alphabet Accented letters & special characters Languages written with the Latin alphabet Ancient Latin alphabet The earliest known inscriptions in the Latin alphabet date from the 6th century BC. It was adapted from the Etruscan alphabet during the 7th century BC. The letters Y and Z were taken from the Greek alphabet to write Greek loan words. Other letters were added from time to time as the Latin alphabet was adapted for other languages and many letters had several different shapes. Other versions of the Latin alphabet Ancient Latin, Irish Uncial, Old English Roman alphabet for Latin The Romans used just 23 letters to write Latin: A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P Q R S T V X Y Z There were no lower case letters, and K, Y and Z used only for writing words of Greek origin. The letters J, U and W were added to the alphabet at a later stage to write languages other than Latin. J is a variant of I, U is a variant of V, and W was introduced as a 'double-v' to make a distinction between the sounds we know as 'v' and 'w' which was unnecessary in Latin. http://www.omniglot.com/writing/latin.htm Page 1 of 3 Ancient and modern Latin alphabet 9/26/05 11:59 PM Modern Latin alphabet The modern Latin alphabet consists of 52 letters, including both upper and lower case, plus 10 numerals, punctuation marks and a variety of other symbols such as &, % and @.
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Letter Leopold II to Colonial Missionaries
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE MINAS GERAIS Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas Departamento de História História Contemporânea Prof. Luiz Arnaut Textos e documentos Letter from King Leopold II of Belgium to Colonial Missionaries, 18831 “Reverends, Fathers and Dear Compatriots: The task that is given to fulfill is very delicate and requires much tact. You will go certainly to evangelize, but your evangelization must inspire above all Belgium interests. Your principal objective in our mission in the Congo is never to teach the niggers to know God, this they know already. They speak and submit to a Mungu, one Nzambi, one Nzakomba, and what else I don't know. They know that to kill, to sleep with someone else's wife, to lie and to insult is bad. Have courage to admit it; you are not going to teach them what they know already. Your essential role is to facilitate the task of administrators and industrials, which means you will go to interpret the gospel in the way it will be the best to protect your interests in that part of the world. For these things, you have to keep watch on disinteresting our savages from the richness that is plenty [in their underground. To avoid that, they get interested in it, and make you murderous] competition and dream one day to overthrow you. Your knowledge of the gospel will allow you to find texts ordering, and encouraging your followers to love poverty, like “Happier are the poor because they will inherit the heaven” and, “It's very difficult for the rich to enter the kingdom of God.” You have to detach from them and make them disrespect everything which gives courage to affront us.
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