DOCSLIB.ORG

Situating Individuals' Subjective Needs and Aspirations Within The

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Situating Individuals' Subjective Needs and Aspirations Within The Situating Individuals’ Subjective Needs and Aspirations within the Wider Context of the Housing Market Ayodeji Temitope Adeniyi Bachelor of Design in Architectural Studies Master of Design in Urban Design A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Queensland in 2019 The School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Abstract This thesis examines how the subjective aspirations (use-values) of renters and owners in the Greater Brisbane Metropolitan region is reflected by the housing market. Conventionally the public recognises how such aspirations are gratified based on house prices (exchange- value). However, the housing market accommodates some factors disproportionately. The ability of a few entities to influence the market may be magnified, while the prospect of people’s aspirations being satisfied in the market is diminished. Consequently, individuals’ needs, and aspirations are only partially explained via supply and demand. Therefore, some of these needs can only be ascertained with proxies such as users specifying their motivations or by studying how people interact with the market. The benefit of these proxies is that they provide a window into what people truly want. This revelation goes beyond what is observable through house prices and homeownership rates, which is how Australia’s designation as a property-owning democracy (POD) is often determined. However, a POD is better characterised by how it reflects economic liberty, opportunity, and balanced competition. Therefore, I aim to understand housing aspirations by evaluating how individuals’ self-reported preferences progress longitudinally. These preferences are derived from essential social and dwelling needs, as well as individuals’ financial motivations. Additionally, the thesis examines whether the housing market reciprocates those same fundamental needs when consumers interact with the market. The thesis applies a theoretical framework drawn from critical realism because this theory can explain how individuals’ internally derived needs have been facilitated or constrained by external influences within the housing market. This is because critical realism identifies different domains of interpretation based on individuals’ experiences, events and based on external influences, known specifically as causal mechanisms. The thesis applies a mixed-use methods approach by implementing a survey analysed with methods such as K-means clustering (KMC), and social network analysis (SNA) methods. KMC defines how the housing needs of respondents are clustered to better understand how housing needs progress with age. These housing needs were compiled from the 237 respondents of a large-scale survey that was deployed to Greater Brisbane residents. The SNA was based on property descriptions of houses for sale and rent from 8300 property listings with the intention of revealing the system-level properties (the distinct aspirational, typological, locational clusters) of the housing market, as well as the vertex- level connections (the relationships between isolated property ideals). ii The thesis finds that the level of agency that people have in terms of actualising their aspirations is limited. For example, residential mobility was found to inefficiently enhance housing aspirations, since individuals’ self-reported preferences progressed in relation to their age and level of market understanding than based on total moves. The inefficiency can be explained by external constraints such as prohibitive housing costs, unpredictable tenure, and complex investment and housing opportunities that are poorly understood by some segments of the market. Many of these constraints were reflected in a cohort divide, both in terms of contradictory attitudes as well as in terms of how the market represented the needs of each cohort. Specifically, through the survey, it was found that the renter cohort was more saddled with life-course priorities than the owner cohort, who prioritised improvements in dwelling and financial adaptations. Moreover, the SNA of prospective land buyers and homebuyers (to a lesser extent) better reflected use-values, than those looking to rent houses. These findings are significant because they support the premise that the housing market has afforded some residents and investors property rights, tenure and security, which conflict with other participants in the housing market. These conflicts were revealed through a causal coding of what the survey respondents identified as the most disruptive factors in the housing market. Although the Brisbane metropolitan region is said to embody the Great Australian Dream and Australia is said to be a property-owning democracy based on the rate of ownership, these findings question the self-sufficiency of such designations. The POD is meant to embody more than just the rate of homeownership but is supposed to reflect a healthy infusion of use-value ideals within the housing market itself. The findings do not indicate that this has occurred. The housing ladder is supposed to reflect the fulfilment of subjective housing aspirations based on the notion that successful housing moves are measurable by progressive price increases. However, aside from the inefficiency of property transactions which this research has highlighted, the thesis has also shown that many of the ideals of the Great Australian Dream are contradictory. iii Declaration by author This thesis is composed of my original work, and contains no material previously published or written by another person except where due reference has been made in the text. I have clearly stated the contribution by others to jointly-authored works that I have included in my thesis. I have clearly stated the contribution of others to my thesis as a whole, including statistical assistance, survey design, data analysis, significant technical procedures, professional editorial advice, financial support and any other original research work used or reported in my thesis. The content of my thesis is the result of work I have carried out since the commencement of my higher degree by research candidature and does not include a substantial part of work that has been submitted to qualify for the award of any other degree or diploma in any university or other tertiary institution. I have clearly stated which parts of my thesis, if any, have been submitted to qualify for another award. I acknowledge that an electronic copy of my thesis must be lodged with the University Library and, subject to the policy and procedures of The University of Queensland, the thesis be made available for research and study in accordance with the Copyright Act 1968 unless a period of embargo has been approved by the Dean of the Graduate School. I acknowledge that copyright of all material contained in my thesis resides with the copyright holder(s) of that material. Where appropriate I have obtained copyright permission from the copyright holder to reproduce material in this thesis and have sought permission from co- authors for any jointly authored works included in the thesis. iv Publications included in this thesis No publications included. v Submitted manuscripts included in this thesis No manuscripts submitted for publication. Other publications during candidature Adeniyi, Ayodeji, Mirko Guaralda, and Raul Dias De Carvalho. 2017. "The Contextualization of Divergent Outlooks in a Greenfield Master-Planned Community: A Pathway towards Reflexivity ". International Planning Studies. doi: 10.1080/13563475.2017.1344541. Adeniyi, Ayodeji, and Johnson, L., 2018. "I won't move to a One Bedroom Dog Box": The Challenges of Downsizing for older Social Housing Tenants in Queensland, Australia. 2018 Joint Asia-Pacific Network for Housing Research and Australasian Housing Researchers Conference, School of Engineering and Built Environment Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus Contributions by others to the thesis No contributions by others. vi Statement of parts of the thesis submitted to qualify for the award of another degree No works submitted towards another degree have been included in this thesis. Research Involving Human or Animal Subjects This research has human ethical clearance approval obtained from the School of Earth and Environmental Sciences’ ethics officer Karen McNamara [SEES number 201802-01] on the 3rd of February 2018. A copy of the ethics approval letter is included in Appendix 1. vii Acknowledgements The outcome of this thesis has been the result of personal and interpersonal reflection and dialogue. While this process has provided many lessons and values, the ultimate lesson has been the pursuit of knowledge. However, yearning for information without direction would be a futile endeavour. Fortunately, with the experience and patience of my advisory team, I was equipped with timely and consistent feedback, which simplified the complexities of life as a graduate student. These contributions are too many to list, but my principal supervisor, Dr Thomas Sigler, was largely instrumental in helping to narrow the focus of this thesis, whilst pushing the realm of possibilities and scientific application. Additionally, my associate supervisor Dr Peter Walters bolstered the theoretical basis and social inquiry of this thesis. External to my advisory team, I owe a debt of gratitude to Dr Dorina Pojani, Dr Sonia Roitman and Dr Kelly Greenop, who were reviewers/chairs during my candidature, and provided feedback directly pertaining to the thesis document. I value the support from Professor
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 01-Clune 2004 Fed Election
    Howard at the Crossroads? The October 2004 Federal Election David Clune ••• On 1 September 2001, PP McGuinness wrote that although John Howard’s electoral prospects at the beginning of that year had looked ‘extremely dismal’, he had opined that ‘You can never write Howard off until he is buried at the crossroads with a wooden stake through his heart’. 1 In the first half of 2004, many commentators seemed to have forgotten this fundamental tenet of Australian political science in their haste to proclaim the forthcoming defeat of Howard by new Opposition Leader Mark Latham. Alan Ramsey, for example, wrote in March: The circle is closing. In a bit under 100 days and after just four weeks of the Parliament sitting, Mark Latham’s leadership has collapsed John Howard’s political authority even more thoroughly than it has weakened his Government’s electoral dominance. The signs are everywhere, unmistakably. 2 The Labor Leadership On the night of the 2001 election, defeated Opposition Leader Kim Beazley announced his resignation from the position. It was largely a personal decision. Beazley’s situation was by no means untenable. He had fought a good campaign that had averted what appeared to be a looming landslide defeat for Labor. 3 In retrospect, his decision was a much more momentous one than it seemed at the time and was to cause Labor serious, ongoing problems. On 22 November, Deputy Leader Simon Crean was elected unopposed as Beazley’s replacement. It proved to be a disastrous choice. Crean’s public image was the . • Research Service New South Wales Parliamentary Library .
    [Show full text]
  • Economic Implications of an Ageing Australia, Research Report, Canberra
    Economic Implications Productivity of an Ageing Commission Australia Research Report 24 March 2005 January 2003 Commonwealth of Australia 2005 ISBN 1 74037 173 9 This work is subject to copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, the work may be reproduced in whole or in part for study or training purposes, subject to the inclusion of an acknowledgment of the source. Reproduction for commercial use or sale requires prior written permission from the Attorney-General’s Department. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to the Commonwealth Copyright Administration, Attorney-General’s Department, Robert Garran Offices, National Circuit, Canberra ACT 2600. This publication is available in hard copy or PDF format from the Productivity Commission website at www.pc.gov.au. If you require part or all of this publication in a different format, please contact Media and Publications (see below). Publications Inquiries: Media and Publications Productivity Commission Locked Bag 2 Collins Street East Melbourne VIC 8003 Tel: (03) 9653 2244 Fax: (03) 9653 2303 Email: [email protected] General Inquiries: Tel: (03) 9653 2100 or (02) 6240 3200 An appropriate citation for this paper is: Productivity Commission 2005, Economic Implications of an Ageing Australia, Research Report, Canberra. The Productivity Commission The Productivity Commission, an independent agency, is the Australian Government’s principal review and advisory body on microeconomic policy and regulation. It conducts public inquiries and research into a broad range of economic and social issues affecting the welfare of Australians. The Commission’s independence is underpinned by an Act of Parliament.
    [Show full text]
  • Date of Introduction
    Queensland Parliamentary Library Housing Affordability High levels of home ownership, and the aspirations of young people and families towards home ownership, have long been considered one of the hallmarks of Australian culture. However, many people have recently asked whether there is now a crisis in housing affordability, not only for homebuyers but also for those in the private rental market. Others dispute the existence of such a crisis. This Research Brief: • examines the concept of ‘housing stress’ and provides information on the numbers of households in that circumstance; • discusses a selection of recent reports/other information relevant to the issue of housing affordability; • profiles the private rental market in Queensland and considers a recent report on rent bidding practices; and • identifies some of the possible causes of, and solutions to, the apparent housing affordability concerns. This includes a discussion of the recently announced Queensland Government ‘Housing Affordability Strategy’. Renee Gastaldon Research Brief No 2007/27 Queensland Parliamentary Library General Distribution Research Team Research and Information Service Ms Karen Sampford, Team Leader (07) 3406 7116 Mrs Nicolee Dixon, Senior Parliamentary Research Officer (07) 3406 7409 Mrs Renee Gastaldon, Parliamentary Research Officer (07) 3406 7241 Research Publications are compiled for Members of the Queensland Parliament, for use in parliamentary debates and for related parliamentary purposes. Information in publications is current to the date of publication.
    [Show full text]
  • THE ROAD to SELF DETERMINATION "Every Man, and Every Body of Men on Earth, Possesses the Right of Self-Government”- Thomas Jefferson
    THE ROAD TO SELF DETERMINATION "Every man, and every body of men on earth, possesses the right of self-government”- Thomas Jefferson This article aims to compare the two opposing ideologies of assimilation and self determination to find the best way to achieve a vibrant, healthy, culturally and prosperous indigenous society for both Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders. Assimilation of one people into the society of another is generally referred to as “cultural assimilation”. This form of assimilation is defined as “an intense process of consistent integration whereby members of an ethno-cultural group (such us immigrants, or minority groups) are "absorbed" into an established, generally larger community. This presumes a loss of many characteristics of the adsorbed group”1. Bringing about assimilation requires a holistic approach involving the political, social, cultural, legal and economic aspects of society. Aboriginal economic activity has taken many forms including living off the land, seas and waters. It includes income from sale of arts and crafts, and with greater ownership of land, royalty and lease payments. Subsistence hunting and gathering and barter as an economy have been savagely eroded by the European cash economy. The greater the Aboriginal participation in the workforce the greater is the acceptance of the capitalist economy on Aboriginal lives. Welfare payments are said to substitute for employment, and such payments also introduce beneficiaries to the cash economy. Our participation in the cash economy has brought about its own changes. The Aboriginal political structure used to embrace levels of authority through Elders and certain family members, and law and order (generally referred to as customary law).The order of authority reflected the culture and lifestyle.
    [Show full text]
  • The Lived Experiences of Privatism and Community in the Development and Management of a Private Residential Estate in Sydney, Australia
    PRIVATE COMMUNITY? The Lived Experiences of Privatism and Community in the Development and Management of a Private Residential Estate in Sydney, Australia Therese Erin Kenna B. Science (Applied Geography), Hons, UNSW, 2005 Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Social Sciences, University of Western Sydney, Australia March 2009 STATEMENT OF AUTHENTICATION The work presented in this thesis is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, original except as acknowledged in the text. I hereby declare that I have not submitted this material, either in full or in part, for a degree at this or any other institution. _______________________________________ Therese E. Kenna 30th March 2009 ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Over the course of this PhD many people have offered assistance, advice, support and mentoring along the way, and a few of those people deserve a special mention. The research presented in this thesis would not have been possible without the generosity of the residents living in Macquarie Links who volunteered their time, invited me into their homes and offered many cups of tea and coffee (and wine!) during the course of some quite lengthy interviews, as well as those who responded to the household questionnaire. My deepest thanks to every one of the residents involved in the study. I have been fortunate to have two exceptional academics supervise this research: Professors Kevin Dunn and Deborah Stevenson. I am grateful for their commitment and contributions to this research, and many aspects of my academic life. I owe thanks to Kevin for having enough faith to let me loose in suburban Sydney, and patiently sitting back while I figured it all out (mistakes and all), for rolling with the punches, both good and bad, for listening to my rants, and for enduring all the moods that a PhD student can enact! Kevin has been a great mentor and source of wisdom for many years.
    [Show full text]
  • RMBS Performance Watch: Australia - Market Overview
    RMBS Performance Watch: Australia - Market Overview As of June 30, 2020 Australian Macroeconomic Environment Recovery from lockdown will be bumpy and protracted S&P Global Ratings Economic Outlook: Australia 2020f 2021f Outlook Effect on credit quality Real GDP (4.0) 5.3 Outside of Victoria, Australia has Negative. Reduced economic growth forecast (% year flattened the COVID-19 curve. The will add debt-serviceability pressure over year) economy reopened and consumer for some borrowers. Stimulus activity rebounded in May. Recovery packages, lower interest rates, and may take longer than expected. access to superannuation should help. Unemployment 7.5 6.9 Activity is lower than normal, Negative. Rising unemployment will rate (year subduing labor demand. We do not put pressure on certain borrower average; %) expect a return to pre-COVID cohorts, influenced by the sectors in unemployment levels until 2023. which they are employed. CPI (%) 1.0 1.5 Wage growth remains well below long- Negative. Weak wage growth is likely term averages. Spare capacity in the to persist for some time. This will be labor market will keep wage growth offset by historically low interest subdued for some time. rates. Policy rate, end 0.25 0.25 The RBA has said it will not increase Positive. Policy rate cuts tend to be of year (%) the cash rate until unemployment effective in Australia because they improves. feed through to mortgages, which are mostly variable rate. f--Forecast. CPI--Consumer price index. Source: S&P Global Ratings. 3 Job Losses Will Differ By Sector And Geography Employment exposure Effect on debt serviceability First wave: The first employment casualties of Leisure, tourism, hospitality Accommodation and food Tourism, leisure, COVID-19 due to their sensitivity to workers are more likely to work services comprise around 7% of hospitality, lockdowns and closure of international part time and are less represented total employment.
    [Show full text]
  • Second Interim Report
    Chapter 4 Employment issues 4.1 Evidence received by the committee suggests that that cuts to government expenditure could make Australia's unemployment figures – already the highest in a decade – rise even further and damage the economy. 4.2 This chapter looks at the evidence presented to the committee on the current employment market in Australia. It notes the weakness of labour market conditions, slow wages growth and threats to wages. The chapter discusses areas of the employment market in transition and examines Geelong as an example of a community facing the challenges and opportunities from a changing employment landscape. It also looks at the solar industry as an example of an area where employment and opportunities for people to reduce their energy costs are under threat. Finally, the chapter challenges the assumptions about the public sector in the terms of reference for the commission. Weak labour market conditions 4.3 Mr Bernard Salt, Demographer, indicated job growth has deteriorated over the past 12 months: Australian Bureau of Statistics data shows that there was a diminishing level of job growth each month from February through to August 2013, and that from September onwards the job market contracted each month with growth in part-time jobs being offset by losses in full-time jobs.1 4.4 ABS Labour Force data shows a fall of over 60,000 in the number of people in full-time work between September 2013 and January 2014.2 In addition, unemployment figures rose to 6 per cent in early 2014, the highest level of unemployment since July 2003.3 4.5 Mr Tim Lyons, Assistant Secretary, ACTU, stressed current employment data 'is the weakest of the economic indicators and mitigates very much…against any cuts in the short term that would have an effect either on public sector employment and employment more generally in the private sector'.4 1 Proof Committee Hansard, 13 March 2014, p.
    [Show full text]
  • Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)
    PARLIAMENT OF VICTORIA PARLIAMENTARY DEBATES (HANSARD) LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY FIFTY-EIGHTH PARLIAMENT FIRST SESSION Wednesday, 6 June 2018 (Extract from book 7) Internet: www.parliament.vic.gov.au/downloadhansard By authority of the Victorian Government Printer The Governor The Honourable LINDA DESSAU, AC The Lieutenant-Governor The Honourable KEN LAY, AO, APM The ministry (from 16 October 2017) Premier ........................................................ The Hon. D. M. Andrews, MP Deputy Premier, Minister for Education and Minister for Emergency Services...................................................... The Hon. J. A. Merlino, MP Treasurer and Minister for Resources .............................. The Hon. T. H. Pallas, MP Minister for Public Transport and Minister for Major Projects .......... The Hon. J. Allan, MP Minister for Industry and Employment ............................. The Hon. B. A. Carroll, MP Minister for Trade and Investment, Minister for Innovation and the Digital Economy, and Minister for Small Business ................ The Hon. P. Dalidakis, MLC Minister for Energy, Environment and Climate Change, and Minister for Suburban Development ....................................... The Hon. L. D’Ambrosio, MP Minister for Roads and Road Safety, and Minister for Ports ............ The Hon. L. A. Donnellan, MP Minister for Tourism and Major Events, Minister for Sport and Minister for Veterans ................................................. The Hon. J. H. Eren, MP Minister for Housing, Disability and Ageing, Minister for Mental Health, Minister for Equality and Minister for Creative Industries .......... The Hon. M. P. Foley, MP Minister for Health and Minister for Ambulance Services ............. The Hon. J. Hennessy, MP Minister for Aboriginal Affairs, Minister for Industrial Relations, Minister for Women and Minister for the Prevention of Family Violence ............................................. The Hon. N. M. Hutchins, MP Special Minister of State ......................................... The Hon. G.
    [Show full text]
  • The 2005 Western Australian Election *
    Colin’s Costly Canal and Labor’s Window of Opportunity: * The 2005 Western Australian Election David Black & Harry Phillips ** The February 2005 Western Australian election will be remembered for several surprises during the campaign phase, but none more than the dramatic and unexpected announcement by Opposition Leader Colin Barnett early in the campaign that a Coalition government would deal with the chronic water shortage in the Perth metropolitan area with a firm commitment to build a canal thousands of kilometres in length from the State’s far north to Perth. Traditional wisdom had suggested that the Gallop Government, as a first term government characterised by ministerial stability and devoid of major scandal, would be returned to office. On the other hand, a redistribution of electorates had denied Labor some of the formidable advantages of incumbency. This, coupled with the party’s failure despite two court cases to achieve its cherished goal of one-vote-one-value, consistently poor polling throughout its four year term and its dismal performance in the October 2004 federal election, gave rise to predictions (supported by several polls) that the Coalition would win government when the electors cast their vote on 26 February. 1 Instead, after a longer than usual five week campaign the Government was returned for a second four year term with its majority intact even as its two referendum questions on extended shopping hours were decisively defeated. Then, in the weeks that followed the re-elected government used its window of opportunity before the changeover of Upper House members to make a decisive if still incomplete move towards one-vote-one-value in the State’s electoral system.
    [Show full text]
  • Community Development and Justice Standing Committee
    COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND JUSTICE STANDING COMMITTEE A FADING DREAM – AFFORDABLE HOUSING IN WESTERN AUSTRALIA Report No. 8 in the 38th Parliament 2011 Published by the Legislative Assembly, Parliament of Western Australia, Perth, November 2011. Printed by the Government Printer, State Law Publisher, Western Australia. Community Development and Justice Standing Committee A Fading Dream – Affordable Housing in Western Australia ISBN: 978-1-921865-18-3 (Series: Western Australia. Parliament. Legislative Assembly. Committees. Community Development and Justice Standing Committee. Report 8) 328.365 99-0 Copies available from: State Law Publisher 10 William Street PERTH WA 6000 Telephone: (08) 9426 0000 Facsimile: (08) 9321 7536 Email: [email protected] Copies available on-line: www.parliament.wa.gov.au/cdjsc COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND JUSTICE STANDING COMMITTEE A FADING DREAM – AFFORDABLE HOUSING IN WESTERN AUSTRALIA Report No. 8 Presented by: Mr A.P. O’Gorman, MLA Laid on the Table of the Legislative Assembly on 3 November 2011 COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND JUSTICE STANDING COMMITTEE COMMITTEE MEMBERS Chair Mr A.P. O’Gorman, MLA Member for Joondalup Deputy Chair Mr A.P. Jacob, MLA Member for Ocean Reef Members Mr I.M. Britza, MLA Member for Morley Hon Ms M.M. Quirk, MLA Member for Girrawheen Hon Mr T.G. Stephens, MLA Member for Pilbara COMMITTEE STAFF Principal Research Officer Dr Brian Gordon, EMBA (until 24 June 2011) Dr David Worth, MBA, PhD (from 24 June 2011) Research Officer Ms Jovita Hogan, BA (Hons) COMMITTEE ADDRESS Community Development and Justice Standing Committee Legislative Assembly Tel: (08) 9222 7469 Parliament House Fax: (08) 9222 7804 Harvest Terrace Email: [email protected] PERTH WA 6000 Website: www.parliament.wa.gov.au/cdjsc - i - COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND JUSTICE STANDING COMMITTEE TABLE OF CONTENTS COMMITTEE MEMBERS ...............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • 2003 New South Wales Election
    2003 New South Wales Election Antony Green * On 22 March 2003 the NSW Labor Government led by Premier Bob Carr became the first government in Australia to win three consecutive four-year terms. The election brought little change to the composition of the Houses or in the vote. This account analyses the election result in the light of the fortunes of both Government and Opposition in the previous four years. The New South Wales election on 22 March 2003 was the third in the State since introduction of fixed four-year terms. As with its two predecessors, the election produced a campaign that struggled to move out of first gear. With fixed terms having denied the media and political parties the adrenalin fix of early election speculation, a peculiar form of political ballet seems to have developed, where the Government denies it has begun campaigning, the Opposition insists the Government has, and the media avoid treating the contest as a real campaign for as long as possible. As in 1995 and 1999, the Parliament was adjourned at the end of the previous year to a notional sitting week in February, providing a safety net in case Parliament needed to be re-convened. Parliament was prorogued on 31 January, though the campaign could not formally begin until the fixed-term provisions dissolved the Legislative Assembly on 28 February. 1 Writs were issued on the same day producing a 23-day campaign, four days longer than the minimum allowed under legislation. Nevertheless, this was still shorter than the minimum period permitted in any other state, and 10 days short of the minimum for Commonwealth elections.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysing the 2013 Australian Federal Election
    Introduction: Analysing the 2013 Australian federal election Carol Johnson, John Wanna and Hsu-Ann Lee Australians historically do not change governments lightly. Yet the 2013 federal election heralded a change of government—only the seventh time Australians have voted to change their national government since the Second World War. Tony Abbott, who had been Opposition Leader since 1 December 2009, became Australia’s 28th Prime Minister on 18 September 2013 leading a Liberal‒National Coalition with a comfortable majority in the lower house of parliament but well short of a majority in the upper house. The election result occurred after a surreal seven-and-a-half months of campaigning (actually 227 days) in which the Coalition largely held its collective nerve, while the Labor Government continued to implode through internal divisions and acrimony. To all intents and purposes the campaign was not fought principally on policy issues, but on personalities and the tarnished record of the Rudd–Gillard governments. The result was largely a foregone conclusion (although events or major blunders could have thrown it off course). For months opinion polls indicated a comfortable Coalition victory. And three months out from polling day, betting markets predicted a Coalition win giving it the short odds of $1.25 compared to the longer odds for Labor of $3.75. Pollsters and pundits were convinced the Coalition would form the next government, as were many voters who responded to survey questions about who they expected to win the forthcoming election. But the tectonic shift in the bigger picture of Australian voting intentions was not the only story of the 2013 election.
    [Show full text]