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The Future of Tradition in Museology ICOFOM STUDY SERIES The future of tradition in museology Selected papers VOL. 48-1 — 2020 ICOFOM STUDY SERIES VOL. 48-1 — 2020 The future of tradition in museology Selected papers 1 ICOFOM STUDY SERIES, Vol. 48, Issue 1 — 2020 International Journal of the ICOM International Committee for Museology (ICOFOM) The ICOFOM Study Series is a double-blind peer reviewed annual journal Editor / Rédacteur / Editor Bruno Brulon Soares Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Brazil Editorial Board / Comité éditorial / Consejo editorial Yves Bergeron, Université du Québec à Montreal, Canada Supreo Chanda, University of Calcutta, India Ann Davis, Former Director, The Nickle Arts Museum, University of Calgary, Canada Annette Fromm, Florida International University, USA Scarlet Galindo, Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico Anna Leshchenko, Russian State University for the Humanities, Russia François Mairesse, Université Sorbonne-Nouvelle Paris 3, CERLIS Jesús Pedro Lorente, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain Daniel Schmitt, Université Lille Nord de France, France Yun Shun Susie Chung, Southern New Hampshire University, USA Markus Walz, Leipzig University of Applied Sciences, Germany Elizabeth Weiser, Ohio State University, USA Zheng Yi, Fudan University, China 2 Advisory Committee / Comité d’avis / Consejo Consultivo Maria Cristina Bruno, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil Bernard Deloche, Professor Emeritus, Université de Lyon 3, France André Desvallées, Conservateur général honoraire du patrimoine, France Peter van Mensch, Professor Emeritus, Reinwardt Academie, Netherlands Martin Schaerer, Past President of ICOM Ethics Committee, Switzerland Tereza Scheiner, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Anita Shah, Museum consultant, India Tomislav Šola, Professor Emeritus, University of Zagreb, Croatia Secretariat for the ICOFOM STUDY SERIES General secretary: Anna Leshchenko Articles en français : Marion Bertin Articles in English: Elizabeth Weiser Artículos en español: Scarlet Galindo Articles and correspondence should be sent to the following email: [email protected] ISSN: 2309-1290 ICOFOM STUDY SERIES (Print) ISSN: 2306-4161 ICOFOM STUDY SERIES (Online) ISBN: 978-2-491997-10-6 (print version) ISBN: 978-2-491997-11-3 (digital version) © International Committee for Museology of the International Council of Museums (ICOM/UNESCO) Published by ICOFOM, Paris, in 2020. 3 Table of contents Foreword . 7 ICOFOM Study Series: our heritage, our tradition Avant-propos . 9 ICOFOM Study Series : notre héritage, notre tradition Prefacio . 11 ICOFOM Study Series: nuestra herencia, nuestra tradición INTRODUCTION Introduction . 15 Rupture and continuity: the future of tradition in museology Bruno Brulon Soares Introduction . 29 Rupture et continuité : le futur de la tradition en muséologie Bruno Brulon Soares Introducción . 43 Ruptura y continuidad: el futuro de la tradición en museología Bruno Brulon Soares INTRODUCTION La muséologie comme patrimoine immatériel . 59 François Mairesse PAPERS / ARTICLES / ARTÍCULOS Museología Experimental. Hacia un método práctico . 79 Melissa Aguilar Rojas Le futur de la tradition : quelle muséologie pour les musées nationaux du Pacifique Sud ? . 95 Marion Bertin 4 The future of the phenomenon ‘Tradition’ and the future of Museology as a scientific discipline . 109 Luciana Menezes de Carvalho El museo analizado desde la sociología simétrica . 121 Scarlet Rocío Galindo Monteagudo Oubliées ou disparues : Matérialiser absences et mémoires . 133 Julie Graff Observer les musées : penser la muséologie au futur . 147 Olivia Guiragossian Museología mestiza. Dinamicidad teórico-metodológica para enfrentar museos plurinacionales y poscoloniales . 165 Leonardo Mellado G. Pablo Andrade B. Why we still need collections – Museums in the business of originality . 183 Nina Robbins Entre « géo-patrimonologie » et muséologie géopatrimoniale: enjeux théoriques pour un futur muséal 193 Fabien Van Geert Rhetorical Museology . 207 M. Elizabeth Weiser 5 6 Foreword Foreword ICOFOM Study Series: our heritage, our tradition This issue of ICOFOM Study Series is an invitation to critically think about the past of museology, considering the traditions we wish to entrust to future generations of museologists and museum professionals. The proposed topicThe future of tradition in museology was our interpretation of the main theme of the 25th ICOM General Conference in Kyoto, Japan, where ICOFOM organised several workshops presenting papers that were the foundation of contributions to this issue. The Conference itself, where the future of museums and ICOM’s museum definition were widely debated, has proven to be its own historical event that will be transmitted to the future as part of ICOM’s tradition in the 21st century. But change is never easy because it involves the renegotiation of the past in the present. The Kyoto Conference was perceived by many of us as a moment of great friction between differing perspectives on the museum, and it could be interpreted as an announcement of the changes to come in the values and core statements that have guided this organisation for the past decades of its existence. Immersed in the Japanese culture that embraces tradition while moving into the future, our debates in the city of Kyoto will be remembered as a notable part of our shared history, and they set the tone for future reflections in this journal and other international forums. Assuming the responsibility to continue transmitting museological theory and museum studies to the present and to the future, I accepted, in Kyoto, the role of Editor of the ICOFOM Study Series planning to honour the work of previous editors Ann Davis and François Mairesse, from whom I have learned so much in the past years as an author, an ICOFOM member and a museologist. This journal, created in 1983 by ICOFOM chair Vinoš Sofka at a moment when museology was also being reinvented, is their legacy to my generation and to the future generations of ICOFOM members to come. And if museology is our intangible heritage – according to Mairesse in his introduction to this issue – then the ICOFOM Study Series is the means that assures its preservation and transmission to the future. This volume 48, issue 1 marks the beginning of a new editorial era for the ICOFOM Study Series, in which this journal intends to expand to the publi- cation of two issues per year. This challenge is only possible with the hard work of a very committed group of contributors, including the members of our new Editorial Board, the anonymous peer reviewers, and the members of 7 ICOFOM who dedicate their time to this journal in the work of organising, editing, proofreading, and correcting articles. The transmission of heritage is only possible thanks to the people who pass on our traditions with heart and soul. I am deeply grateful to all of them. Bruno Brulon Soares 8 Avant-propos Avant-propos ICOFOM Study Series : notre héritage, notre tradition Cette édition des ICOFOM Study Series est une invitation à porter une réflexion critique sur le passé de la muséologie, en examinant les traditions que nous sou- haiterions confier aux générations futures de muséologues et de professionnels des musées. Le sujet proposé, « Le futur de la tradition en muséologie », est notre interprétation de la thématique principale de la 25e Conférence Générale de l’ICOM à Kyoto (Japon), où ICOFOM a organisé plusieurs ateliers au cours desquels ont été présentées les communications à la base des contributions de ce numéro. La Conférence elle-même, où le futur des musées et de la définition de l’ICOM ont été largement débattus, s’est avérée être un événement histo- rique qui sera transmis au futur en tant que part de la tradition de l’ICOM au XXIe siècle. Cependant, les changements ne sont jamais aisés, en ce qu’ils impliquent des renégociations du passé dans le présent. La Conférence Générale de Kyoto a été perçue par beaucoup d’entre nous comme un moment d’importants conflits entre différentes visions du musée qui peuvent apparaître comme annonciateurs des changements à venir concernant les valeurs et déclarations d’intention qui ont guidé l’organisation dans son existence au cours des décennies précédentes. Immergés dans la culture japonaise, qui embrasse la tradition tout en avançant vers le futur, nos débats à Kyoto seront remémorés en tant que part essentielle de notre histoire partagée et donnent le ton pour les futures réflexions menées dans cette revue et d’autres forums internationaux. En prenant la responsabilité de poursuivre la transmission des théories muséo- logiques et des études sur le musée pour le présent et pour le futur, j’ai accepté, à Kyoto, le rôle de rédacteur des ICOFOM Study Series dans le souci d’honorer le travail des rédacteurs précédents, Ann Davis et François Mairesse, auprès de qui j’ai tant appris au cours des années précédentes en tant qu’auteur, membre d’ICOFOM et muséologue. Cette revue, créée en 1983 par le Président d’ICO- FOM Vinoš Sofka à un autre moment de réinvention de la muséologie, est l’héritage des générations précédentes à la mienne et celles à venir. Et si la muséologie est notre patrimoine immatériel – selon François Mairesse dans son introduction à cette édition –, alors les ICOFOM Study Series sont le moyen d’assurer sa conservation et sa transmission pour le futur. Ce numéro 1 du volume 48 marque le début d’une nouvelle ère éditoriale pour les ICOFOM Study Series, avec l’intention de développer cette revue par le bais de la publication de deux numéros
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