Stored Product Pests
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Life History of the Angoumois Grain Moth in Maryland
2 5 2 8 2 5 :~ Illp·8 11111 . 11111 11111 1.0 1.0 i~ . 3 2 Bkl: 1111/,32 2.2 .,lA 11111 . .2 I" 36 I" .z 11111 .: ~F6 I:' I'· "' I~ :: ~m~ I.: ,~ ~ l..;L,:,1.O. '- " 1.1 1.1 La.. , -- -- 11111 1.8 111111.25 /////1.4 111111.6 111111.25 1111/1.4 ~ 11111~·6 MICROCOPY RESOLUTION TEST CHART MICROCOPY RESOLUTION TEST CHART NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANOAROS-1963·A NATIONAL BUREAU Dr STAN£1AHOS·1963 A :1<f:~ . TEcliNICALBuLLETIN~~==~~.="=' No. 351 _ '='~.\III~.J.~=~.~=======_ APIUL, 1933 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE WASHINGTON. D. C. 'LIFE HISTORY. OF THE ANGOUMOI8. .. ~ GRAIN MOTH IN MARYLAND . • ~J:J By PEREZ SIMM;ONS, Entomologist; and G. W. ~LLINGTON,t Assi8tant Entomologist, . DiVision of StoTed Product In.~ecw, Bureau of Entomology 2 CONTENTS Page Page , :.. Introduction________________________________ 1 Lif",his.tor~OVIp05.lt""l <;letails-Contint:ed.______ ._______________________ ·16 " ~ The AngoumoL. grain moth in wheat and ."'~ ~ corn~ ___ ..... ___ ... ___ .. ________________________ 2 Incubatioll period______________________ 19 Larval period___________________ _________ 20 ::<l ."': Annual cycle of the moth on :Maryland 2 "" _ farms ____________ ,____________________ Pupal period____________________________ 24 f_.~ Ef,Tects of some farm practices on moth Development from hotching to emer· :Ji :',f Increasc._______________________________ 3 gencc_________________________________ 25 Overwintering of the insP.Ct..____________ 3 Effectstemperatl on development Ires ________________________ oC high and low "'_ 28 Spring dispcr.;al to growing wh~aL______ 5 ;.; Thewheat Angoumois________________________________ grain moth in seed _ Comparative rate oC development oC thfi Ii sexes _________________________________.:. 30 <': Dispersal to cornfields ________ ._________ _ 12 Parasit.es____________________________________ 31 ~ - Life-history details ________________________ _ Outbreaks, past and Cuture__________________ 31 Behavior of the adults ________ . -
BIOLOGY of the ANGOUMOIS GRAIN MOTH, SITOTROGA CEREALELLA (Oliver) on STORED RICE GRAIN in LABORATORY CONDITION
J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 39(1): 61-67, June 2013 BIOLOGY OF THE ANGOUMOIS GRAIN MOTH, SITOTROGA CEREALELLA (Oliver) ON STORED RICE GRAIN IN LABORATORY CONDITION T. AKTER, M. JAHAN1 AND M.S. I. BHUIYAN Department of Entomology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh 1Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh Abstract The experiment was conducted in the laboratory of the Department of Entomology, Sher- e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during the period from May 2009 to April 2010 to study the biology of the Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cerealella (Oliver) in Bangladesh. The ovipositional period, incubation period, larval period, pre-pupal period and pupal period of Angoumois grain moth were 3.67 days, 5.5 days, 25.2 days, 3.0 days and 5.0 days, respectively; male and female longevity of moth were 8.0 and10 days, respectively. The lengths of all five larval instars were 1.0 ± 0.00, 2.0 ± 0.02, 4.0 ± 0.06, 5.0 ± 0.03 and 4.0 ± 0.06 mm, and the widths were 0.10 ± 0.0, 0.4 ± 0.0, 0.6 ± 0.01, 0.8 ± 0.02 and 1.0 ± 0.09 mm, respectively. The length and width of the pre-pupa and the pupa were 4.0 ± 0.02, 3.5 ± 0.01 mm and 1.20 ± 0.05, 1.50 ± 0.03 mm respectively. The length of male and female was 11.2 ± 0.09 and 12.07 ± 0.06 mm respectively. Key words: Biology, Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cerealella, Stored rice grain Introduction Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cerealella (Oliver) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is a primary colonizer of stored grain in subtropical and warm temperate regions of the world. -
Insect Pests of Stored Grain Blog
Insect Pests of Stored Grain Insect Pest Population Potential • Insects are 1/16 to ½ inch depending on the species. • Large numbers insects in small amounts of debris. • 500 female insects • each female produces 200 offspring • 10 million insects in two generations. Adapted from the Penn State University Agronomy Guide Store Grain Insects Economic Damage • Lose up to 10% of the grain weight in a full storage bin • grain bin containing 30,000 bushels of corn valued at $3.00 per bushel would lose $9,000 • The loss does not include dockage or the cost of eliminating the insects from the grain. Adapted from the Penn State University Agronomy Guide Sampling for Bugs Looking for Bugs Docking screens can be used to separate beetles from the grain. Primary Stored Grain Feeders in NYS Weevils • Granary Weevil • Rice Weevil • Maize Weevil Beetles • Lesser Grain Borer Moths • Angoumois grain moth Weevils Have Snouts! Snout No Snout Gary Alpert, Harvard University, Bugwood.org Gary Alpert, Harvard University, Bugwood.org Maize Weevil Lesser Grain Borer Granary weevil Sitophilus granarius (L.) • polished, blackish or brown. • 3/16 of an inch long • no wings • Not in the field • longitudinal punctures- thorax • 80-300 eggs laid • One egg per grain kernel • corn, oats, barley, rye, and wheat Clemson University - USDA Cooperative Extension Slide Series , Bugwood.org Rice Weevil (Sitophilus oryzae) • 3/32 of an inch. • reddish brown to black • Small round pits-thorax • Has wings with yellow markings • Lays 80-500 eggs inside of grain • One egg per grain kernel • Start in the field • wheat, corn, oats, rye, Joseph Berger, Bugwood.org barley, sorghum, buckwheat, dried beans Maize Weevil Sitophilus zeamais • Very similar to rice weevil • slightly larger • 1/8 of an inch long • Small round pits on thorax with a mid line. -
Clothes Moths ENTFACT-609 by Michael F
Clothes Moths ENTFACT-609 By Michael F. Potter, Extension Entomologist, University of Kentucky Clothes moths are pests that can destroy fabric and other materials. They feed exclusively on animal fibers, especially wool, fur, silk, feathers, felt, and leather. These materials contain keratin, a fibrous protein that the worm-like larvae of the clothes moth can digest. (In nature, the larvae feed on the nesting materials or carcasses of birds and mam- mals.) Cotton and synthetic fabrics such as poly- ester and rayon are rarely attacked unless blended with wool, or heavily soiled with food stains or body oils. Serious infestations of clothes moths Fig. 1b: Indianmeal moth can develop undetected in dwellings, causing ir- Two different types of clothes moths are common reparable harm to vulnerable materials. in North America — the webbing clothes moth Facts about Clothes Moths (Tineola bisselliella) and the casemaking clothes moth (Tinea pellionella). Adult webbing clothes Clothes moths are small, 1/2-inch moths that are moths are a uniform, buff-color, with a small tuft beige or buff-colored. They have narrow wings of reddish hairs on top of the head. Casemaking that are fringed with small hairs. They are often clothes moths are similar in appearance, but have mistaken for grain moths infesting stored food dark specks on the wings. Clothes moth adults do items in kitchens and pantries. Unlike some other not feed so they cause no injury to fabrics. How- types of moths, clothes moths are seldom seen be- ever, the adults lay about 40-50 pinhead-sized cause they avoid light. -
Clothes Moths
Clothes Moths Integrated Pest Management in the Home The webbing clothes moth, Tineola bisselliella, (Figure 1) and casemaking clothes moth, Tinea pellionella, (Figure 2) can be fabric pests in California. They tend to hide when disturbed, so you might not notice you have an infestation until after the moths have already dam- aged your fabric, fur, or feathered items. Close examination of the objects will reveal silken webs the larvae have spun. Figure 1. Webbing clothes moth. Figure 3. Casemaking clothes moth with IDENTIFICATION its case attached. The webbing clothes moth is the most common fabric moth. The adult is gold with reddish-golden hairs on the top of its head. A row of golden hairs fringes its wings, which have a span of about 1/2 inch. Because these moths are weak flyers that aren’t attracted to lights, you’ll usually find them close to the infested items, such as in a dark area of the closet. Figure 2. Casemaking clothes moth. The Don’t confuse the clothes moth with dark spots on the wings distinguish it common food- and grain-infesting from the webbing clothes moth. Figure 4. Cases from the casemaking moths, which frequently fly around clothes moth. Cases take on the color of the house. At rest, clothes moths are the fabric being consumed. only about 1/4 inch long, while most head are lighter colored than those of food-infesting moths are about double the web bing clothes moth. that length. Clothes moths usually fly around only the immediate area of Larvae of both spe cies are nearly identi- the house where the infestation has cal, except the larvae of the casemaking occurred, and their flight pattern is clothes moth always carry a silken case dis tinctive—they tend to flutter about with them as they feed (Figure 3). -
Urban and Stored Products Entomology
Session 23 - URBAN AND STORED PRODUCTS ENTOMOLOGY [4018] ANALYSING mE IMPACT OF TERETRIUS NIGRESCENS ON [4020] NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY APPLIED PROSTEPHANUS TRUNCATUS IN MAIZE STORES IN WEST AFRICA PARASITOIDS AND HIDDEN INSECT LARVAE, COLEOPTERA, AND CHRONOLOGICAL AGE-GRADING N. Holsl'. W. G. Meikle', C. Nansen' & R. H. Markham', 'Danish lnsl. of Agricultural Sciences, Aakkebjerg, 4200 Siagelse, Denmark, E-mail [email protected]; F. E. Dowell', J. E. Throne', A. B. Broce', R. A. Wirtz', J. Perez' & J, E. Baker', 2International Insl. of Tropical Agriculture, 08 B. P. 0932 Tri-postal, Cotonou, Benin. 'USDA ARS Grain Marketing and Production Res. Center, 1515 College Ave .. Manhattan, KS 66502, USA, E-mail [email protected]; 2Dept. of Entomol., Kansas Since its accidental introduction into East and West Africa in the early 1980's the larger State Univ., Manhattan, KS 66506; 'Entomo!. Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases, grain borer, Prostephanus truncarus (Co!.: Bostrichidae), has been expanding its Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta; GA 30341. geographical range and is rapidly becoming the most serious pest on stored maize and cassava in the whole sub-Saharan region. In its wake, scientists and extension officers Near-infrared spectroscopy (NlRS) was used to detect parasitoids in insect-infested wheat have been releasing the predator Teretrius (Teretriosoma) nigrescens (Col.: Histeridae) as kernels or parasitoids in house fly puparia, to detect hidden insects in grain. to identify a means of biological control. Based on results obtained in the early 1990' s in the initial stored-grain Coleoptera, and to age-grade Diptera. In tests to detect parasitized rice area of release in Togo and Benin, T. -
PESTS of STORED PRODUCTS a 'Pest of Stored Products' Can Refer To
PESTS OF STORED PRODUCTS A ‘pest of stored products’ can refer to any organism that infests and damages stored food, books and documents, fabrics, leather, carpets, and any other dried or preserved item that is not used shortly after it is delivered to a location, or moved regularly. Technically, these pests can include microorganisms such as fungi and bacteria, arthropods such as insects and mites, and vertebrates such as rodents and birds. Stored product pests are responsible for the loss of millions of dollars every year in contaminated products, as well as destruction of important documents and heritage artifacts in homes, offices and museums. Many of these pests are brought indoors in items that were infested when purchased. Others originate indoors when susceptible items are stored under poor storage conditions, or when stray individual pests gain access to them. Storage pests often go unnoticed because they infest items that are not regularly used and they may be very small in size. Infestations are noticed when the pests emerge from storage, to disperse or sometimes as a result of crowding or after having exhausted a particular food source, and search for new sources of food and harborage. Unexplained occurrences of minute moths and beetles flying in large numbers near stored items, or crawling over countertops, walls and ceilings, powdery residues below and surrounding stored items, and stale odors in pantries and closets can all indicate a possible storage pest infestation. Infestations in stored whole grains or beans can also be detected when these are soaked in water, and hollowed out seeds rise to the surface, along with the adult stages of the pests, and other debris. -
STORED SEED INSECTS and THEIR CONTROL Stanley Coppock 11
STORED SEED INSECTS AND THEIR CONTROL Stanley Coppock 11 Primary Gra i n Insects There are only a few primary grain insects, that is, insects capa ble of destroying sound grain. The most important of the basic grain destroyers include the rice weevil, granary weevil, pea and bean wee vils, lesser grain borer and anguomois grain moth. Of these grain pests, the rice weevi l, lesser grain borer and pea and bean weev ils are the most widespread and also do the most damage to seed and commercial grain. The rice and granary weevils are simi lar in appearance and life histories and do the same kind of damage. However, the rice weevil is more important for it is capable of l aying eggs on the grain in the field. It also is capable of flight, whereas the granary weevi l is not. Both of these pests lay eggs, they then hatch and the young l arvae tunnel into the grain and devour its contents. Pea and bean weevi l s attack almost all seeds of the pea and bean family. Peas and beans may either be attacked in the field or in the granary. These insects are often insidious in that beans and peas may be infested in the field and not show that an infestation is present. Therefore, during the storage period heavy damage can be done to the seed. The lesser grain borer is perhaps the most widespread of our pri mary grain insects. In many states it is considerably more prevalent in stored grain and seeds than are the other weevils. -
Clothes Moth.Pub
CORNELL COOPERATIVE EXTENSION OF ONEIDA COUNTY 121 Second Street Oriskany, NY 13424-9799 (315) 736-3394 or (315) 337-2531 FAX: (315) 736-2580 CLOTHES MOTHS INJURY: There are two species of clothes moths that commonly infest homes, the case-making clothes moth (Tineola pellionella) and the webbing clothes moth (Tineola bisselliella). It is the caterpillar (larval stage) of these insects that does the actual feeding. Clothes moths feed on all kinds of dry materials of animal origin including woolens, mohair, hair, bristles, fur and feathers. Holes are chewed in items or threadbare spots caused where fibers are chewed in carpeting. Household items that may be attacked include clothing, drapes, pillows, hair mattresses, brushes, upholstery, furs, piano felts or other natural or synthetic fabrics mixed with wool. Silken feeding tubes or hard pro- Case-making Clothes Moth tective cases are often found on infested fabrics. DESCRIPTION: The adult moths of these two species look very much alike. They are yellow- ish-tan to buff-colored with a wingspread of about ½ inch. The larvae are white with brown to black heads, and are also about ½ inch long. The case-making clothes moth larvae spin a protec- tive case out of silk and material fibers, often blending in with the fabric so damage is not noticed until a bare spot or hole is produced. The webbing clothes moth spins silk over the fibers it is feeding on but does not form a case around itself until ready to enter the pupa (resting stage). Webbing Clothes Moth Adult & Larvae LIFE HISTORY: Female clothes moths deposit soft white eggs in clothing and household furnishings. -
Angoumois Grain Moth Introduction Recognition
ANGOUMOIS GRAIN MOTH INTRODUCTION The Angoumois grain moth is so named because it was first reported destroying grain in this French province. It is of worldwide distribution and was introduced into North Carolina in 1728 from Europe. In the United States, it is considered second only to granary and rice weevils as a pest of stored grain. RECOGNITION Adults with wingspread (wing tip to wing tip) about 1/2-5/8" (12-17 mm). Color buff to pale yellowish brown. Hind wings abruptly narrowed at tip towards front wing and fringed/margined with hairlike scales, about as long as wing is wide. Mature larva up to about 1/4" (7 mm) long. Color white with yellowish head and dark reddish-brown mouthparts. With 5 pairs of rudimentary (poorly developed) prolegs on abdomen, each with only 2 or 3 crochets (hooks). Body with primary setae (hairs) only, lacking tufted or secondary hairs. Perspiracular tubercle (wartlike area between spiracle and front edge of segment) on prothorax with 3 setae (hairs). BIOLOGY The female lays an average of 40 (range to 389) white eggs on or near grain. These turn red with age and hatch in 4-8 days. The 1st instar larva bores into a whole kernel and passes through a total of 3 instars in about 3 weeks, but may hibernate before pupation. It pupates within the hollowed-out kernel, and the pupal period lasts about 10-14 days. In warm climates the life cycle (egg to egg) usually requires 5-7 weeks, but may take 6 months in cool climates. -
Vienna IPM Intro
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in Museums, Archives and Historic Houses - Proceedings of the International Conference in Vienna, Austria 2013 Edited by: Pascal Querner, David Pinniger and Astrid Hammer Section III: Treatment Methods - Contents - Section III Treatment methods ................................................................................................................ 205 The New EU Biocides Regulations 528/2012 and the effect it will have on museum IPM Child, Robert E. ....................................................................................................................................... 206 Anoxia treatment using oxygen scavengers for disinfestations of large museum objects Biebl, Stephan & Landsberger, Bill ........................................................................................................ 210 Biological control of cultural heritage pests – a review Schöller, Matthias & Prozell, Sabine ...................................................................................................... 218 Parasitoids against insect pests - a future for IPM? Anheuser, Kilian ...................................................................................................................................... 233 IPM at the V&A Museum and preventive treatments using Thermo Lignum™ Blyth, Val ................................................................................................................................................ 240 Investigation of the use of freezing against insect pests -
Clothes Moths (Tineola Species)
CLOSE ENCOUNTERS WITH THE ENVIRONMENT What’s Eating You? Clothes Moths (Tineola Species) Bethany R. Rohr, MD; R. Patrick Dorion, MD live approximately 1 month. Once laid, eggs hatch within 1,3 PRACTICE POINTS 4 to 10 days. The larvae (caterpillars) incur damage to • Clothes moth larvae are common household pests clothes and other household goods. Fully mature larvae that may be misidentified as a parasitic infection are 12- to 13-mm long, and the Tineola species have such as myiasis when found on a person. white- to cream-colored bodies with brown heads. The • Understanding the basic biology of clothes moths webbing clothes moth larva lacks ocelli (eyes), while the will help the clinician identify an infestation and casemaking mothcopy larva has a singular ocellus.1 appropriately counsel patients that clothes moths do not pose a considerable health risk. Transmission An infestation is evidenced by woolen items that have furrows or holes in them. Pheromone traps also can exposenot an active infestation.3 The webbing moth larvae Common household insects can be confused with ectoparasites. can be found beneath a self-spun silken mat on the food Understanding the basic identification and monitoring techniques of source that offers the insect protection and camouflage clothes moths will help the clinician identify if a patient has an infesta- while it eats; the mat collects frass (feces) and clothes tion of the household versus his/her body. Clothes moth larvaeDo are particles. 1,3,4 The casemaking moth larvae drag around a not parasites but are found on infested clothing and can be confused portable silken bag that takes on the color of the fabric with myiasis.