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Effect of Loan Portfolio Management on the Profitability of Deposit Taking Microfinance Institutions in Nairobi County, Kenya

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Effect of Loan Portfolio Management on the Profitability of Deposit Taking Microfinance Institutions in Nairobi County, Kenya EFFECT OF LOAN PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT ON THE PROFITABILITY OF DEPOSIT TAKING MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS IN NAIROBI COUNTY, KENYA. JOSEPH JOK AJANG A Research Project Presented to Graduate School in Partial Fulfilment for the Requirements of Master of Business Administration Degree of Egerton University EGERTON UNIVERSITY MAY 2018 DECLARATION AND APPROVAL Declaration This research project is my original work and has never been presented in any other University or college Signature ……………………… Date…………………………. Joseph Jok Ajang CM11/00748/13 Approval This research project has been submitted with my approval as the University supervisor. Signature……………………….. Date …………………………… Mrs Monica Muiru Lecturer, Department of Accounting and Finance, and Management Science, Egerton University ii COPY RIGHT © 2018 Joseph Jok Ajang All rights reserved whole or no part of this thesis may be produced, transmitted or stored in any form or means such as electronic, mechanical or photocopying including recording or any information storage and retrieval system or translated in any language, without prior written permission of the author or Egerton University on the behalf. iii DEDICATION I dedicate this project to my lovely mother, sisters, brother, my wife and brother’s wife for their moral and financial support throughout my studies. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost I would like to thank God Almighty for his mercies, unfailing love, and providence and for giving me strength and good health throughout my studies. Secondly, I would like to thank Egerton University for providing good learning atmosphere during the time I was undertaking the research. The completion of this research project would not have been possible without the guidance, and support from my supervisor Mrs. Monica Muiru to whom I am highly indebted in innumerable ways. You have supported me throughout my project from the conception of the research idea to the final stage with advice and guidelines which helped me a lot. Your steadfast support has been appreciated deeply. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my mother, sisters, brother, my wife and brother’s wife for their endless support throughout my studies. I thank you whole heartedly for the finances and the moral support accorded to me throughout my studies. Last but not least, I would like to thank all the university lecturers I encountered throughout my studies. Also I thank my classmates for their overwhelming support throughout our stay on campus. v ABSTRACT Loan portfolios are the major assets of the lending institutions, therefore they should be managed well to yield the desired profitability. Loan portfolio management is one of the most important activities in financial institutions and cannot be overlooked. Sound loan portfolio management is a prerequisite for microfinance institutions’ stability and continuing profitability. As with any financial institution, the biggest risk in microfinance is lending money and not getting it back. The study sought to assess the effect of loan portfolio management on the profitability of Deposit Taking Microfinance Institutions in Nairobi, Kenya. Many studies have been done on loan portfolio management and the performance of microfinance institutions but none of them focused on the aforementioned study, instead they recommended more studies to be done on the microfinance institutions’ profitability. The main objective of this study was to assess the effect of loan portfolio management on the profitability of Deposit Taking MFIs. The independent variables examined in order to determine MFIs’ profitability are loan portfolio planning, client screening and loan portfolio monitoring. The study used a descriptive survey design. The population of the study was made up of all the Deposit Taking Microfinance Institutions operating in Nairobi County. A census was used to carry out the study. The study used primary data which was collected using questionnaires. The data collected was then tabulated and analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Multi regression was used to determine the effect of the independent variables on dependent variable. The results were presented in tables and graphs. The study found out that loan portfolio planning, client screening and loan portfolio control had significant influence on the profitability of Deposit Taking Microfinance Institutions. Planning is a significant factor, predicting up to 69.2% of the profitability, Client screening predicted up to 25% decrease in profitability, however, it is effectively carried out in most of the Deposit Taking Microfinance Institutions. The findings also showed that loan portfolio control was established as significant predictor of up to 51% of the profitability. The study concluded that loan portfolio management has a significant effect on the profitability of the Deposit Taking Microfinance Institutions in Nairobi County at 55.2%. The study recommended that Deposit Taking Microfinance Institutions should improve their loan portfolio control and client screening as this will help them reduce their portfolio risk, hence increase profitability. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION AND APPROVAL ..................................................................................... ii COPY RIGHT ........................................................................................................................ iii DEDICATION......................................................................................................................... iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................................................... v ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................. vi LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................................. xi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ............................................................. xii LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................. xiii CHAPTER ONE ...................................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background of the Study ................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Statement of the Problem .................................................................................................. 4 1.3 Objectives............................................................................................................................ 5 1.3.1 General Objective ...................................................................................................... 5 1.3.2 Specific Objectives .................................................................................................... 5 1.4 Hypothesis ........................................................................................................................... 5 1.5 Justification of the Study ................................................................................................... 5 1.6 Scope of the Study .............................................................................................................. 6 1.7 Limitations and Delimitations of the Study ..................................................................... 6 1.8 Assumptions of the Study .................................................................................................. 6 1.9 Operational Definition of Terms ...................................................................................... 7 CHAPTER TWO ..................................................................................................................... 8 LITERATURE REVIEW ....................................................................................................... 8 2.1 Theoretical Review............................................................................................................. 8 2.1.1 Asymmetric Information Theory ............................................................................... 8 2.1.2 Credit Risk Modelling Theory ................................................................................... 8 2.1.3 Active Portfolio Management (APM) Theory ........................................................... 9 2.2 Loan Portfolio Management Process ............................................................................. 10 2.2.1 Loan Portfolio Planning........................................................................................... 10 2.2.2 Client Screening ...................................................................................................... 11 2.2.3 Loan Portfolio Control............................................................................................. 13 2.3 Deposit Taking MFIs Profitability ............................................................................. 14 vii 2.3.1 Costs ........................................................................................................................ 16 2.3.2 Revenues .................................................................................................................. 17 2.3.3 Interest charges/rates ..............................................................................................
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