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Shelter Reconstruction Paper SHELTER RECONSTRUCTION PAPER Second Draft Report May, 2010 May 2010 ACRONYMS AND ABREVIATIONS AFESD Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development AUB American University of Beirut BBJ Beit bil Jnoub BOQ Bill of Quantities CCECS Civic Engagement Community Service CDR Council for Development and Reconstruction CERF Central Emergency Response Fund CES Civil Engineering Society CoS Council of the South DGA Directorate of Geographic Affairs DGUP Directorate General of Urban Planning DoR Directorate of Roads EC European Commission ECHO European Commission for Humanitarian Aid EDL Electricité du Liban ELARD Earth Link and Advanced Resources Development FAO Food and Agriculture Organization FAR Floor Area Ratio FDA French Development Agency ii May 2010 GDP Gross Domestic Product GoL Government of Lebanon HRC High Relief Commission IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development IFRC International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Society ILO International Labor Organization JAB Jihad el Bina KFAED Kuwait Fund for Arab Economic Development KFW German Government-Owned Development Bank KSA Kingdom of Saudi Arabia LPHU Lebanese Physical Handicapped Union MFA Ministry of Foreign Affairs MoD Ministry of the Displaced MoE Ministry of Environment MoPWT Ministry of Public Works and Transport NGO Non-Governmental Organization NRC Norwegian Refugee Council OCHA United Nations Office for Coordination and Humanitarian Affairs OFDA Office of the United States for Foreign Disaster Assistance QRP Quick Recovery Project RTO Regional Technical Office iii May 2010 RU Reconstruction Unit RWA Regional Water Authority SWG Sector Working Group UAE United Arab Emirates UNDP United Nations Development Program UNEP United Nations Environment Program UNFPA United Fund for Populations Activities UNHCR United Nations Higher Commission for Refugees UNICEF United Nations Children fund UoM Union of Municipalities USA United States of America UXO Unexploded Ordinance VTS Vessel Traffic System WPF World Food Program iv May 2010 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY v May 2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACRONYMS AND ABREVIATIONS ............................................................................................ II ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. FOREWORD ..................................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................... V TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................ VI TABLE OF TABLES ................................................................................................................ IX 1.0 PROGRAMME OVERVIEW ................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Overview of the Disaster and its Impact ........................................................................ 1 1.2 Major Milestones in the Process and Stakeholders .......................................................... 2 1.3 UN-HABITAT Response ............................................................................................... 6 1.3.1 Postwar Reconstruction of Villages in Southern Lebanon ............................................ 6 2.0 ASSESSMENT (2 PAGES) ............................................................................................... 8 2.1 Damage Assessment Process ....................................................................................... 8 2.1.1 The Government of Lebanon Approach – The Council of the South .............................. 8 2.1.2 Jihad el Bina Approach .......................................................................................... 9 2.2 UN-HABITAT damage and needs assessment ................................................................. 9 2.3 Conclusion .............................................................................................................. 10 3.0 RESOURCE MOBILIZATION........................................................................................... 12 3.1 Project thematic division into two main components ..................................................... 12 3.2 Project geographical division into two levels of intervention ........................................... 13 3.3 Building Strategic partnerships .................................................................................. 13 3.4 Lessons Learnt & Recommendations ........................................................................... 13 4.0 COORDINATION.......................................................................................................... 14 4.1 Cluster system ......................................................................................................... 14 4.2 UN-HABITAT role in coordination ................................................................................ 14 4.3 Recommendations and lessons learnt ......................................................................... 15 5.0 SHELTER RECONSTRUCTION POLICY ............................................................................. 17 5.1 The Government of Lebanon reconstruction policy ........................................................ 17 5.1.1 The compensation approach ................................................................................ 17 5.2 Waad project reconstruction policy ............................................................................. 19 5.3 Funding entities and delivery modes ........................................................................... 20 5.3.1 Main Donors and contribution ............................................................................... 20 5.4 Recommendations and lessons learnt ......................................................................... 20 6.0 HOUSING DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGIES ................................................ 22 vi May 2010 6.1 The process of developing, approving, & implementing designs ...................................... 22 6.1.1 Building practices prior to the war ........................................................................ 22 6.1.2 The post-war condition ........................................................................................ 22 6.2 Housing designs used during reconstruction ................................................................ 22 6.2.1 Design guidelines ............................................................................................... 22 6.2.2 Practices on the ground ....................................................................................... 23 7.0 CULTURAL HERITAGE ISSUES ...................................................................................... 24 7.1 Bint Jbeil Case Study ................................................................................................ 24 7.1.1 The Reconstruction Unit (RU) at the American University of Beirut (AUB) .................. 24 7.2 Issues and constraints .............................................................................................. 25 7.3 Recommendations and Lessons learnt......................................................................... 25 8.0 LIVELIHOODS ISSUES ................................................................................................. 27 8.1 Incorporation of livelihood issues to shelter reconstruction ............................................ 27 8.1.1 ILO projects ....................................................................................................... 27 8.1.2 UN-HABITAT quick impact projects ....................................................................... 28 8.2 Recommendations and lessons learnt ......................................................................... 28 9.0 LAND AND PROPERTY ISSUES ...................................................................................... 30 10.0 LAND USE AND PHYSICAL PLANNING ......................................................................... 32 11.0 ENVIRONMENT INFRASTRUCTURE AND SERVICE DELIVERY ISSUES ............................... 34 11.1 July 2006 environmental impact .............................................................................. 34 11.2 Infrastructure and service delivery .......................................................................... 34 11.2.1 Roads and bridges ........................................................................................... 35 11.2.2 Electricity sector .............................................................................................. 38 11.2.3 Water Supply and Sanitation ............................................................................. 39 11.2.4 Airports, Ports and Telecommunications ............................................................. 39 11.2.5 Municipal Infrastructure .................................................................................... 40 11.3 Recommendations and lessons-learned .................................................................... 40 12.0 RELOCATION ........................................................................................................... 41 13.0 TRAINING AND CAPACITY BUILDING .......................................................................... 42 13.1 Learning by Doing ................................................................................................
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