Identification of Specie in Snakebites
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Abhijit Preliminary Report of Reptilian 1541
CASE REPORT ZOOS' PRINT JOURNAL 22(7): 2742-2744 A PRELIMINARY REPORT OF REPTILIAN MORTALITY ON ROAD DUE TO VEHICULAR MOVEMENTS NEAR KAZIRANGA NATIONAL PARK, ASSAM, INDIA Abhijit Das¹, M. Firoz Ahmed², Bibhuti P. Lahkar and Pranjit Sharma ¹ ²Division of Herpetology, Aaranyak, Sommonoy Path, Survey, Beltola, Guwahati, Assam 781028, India ¹Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT STUDY AREA We report road mortality of reptiles on a highway segment The study was carried out during May 2004 to September passing along the southern boundary of Kaziranga National 2004 on a 60km road segment of National Highway 37, passing Park, Assam, India. A total of 68 instances of road kills of 0 0 0 reptiles belonging to 21 species and seven families were recorded. adjacent to Kaziranga National Park (26 34'-26 46'N & 93 08'- There was a greater mortality among snakes compared to lizards. 93036'E) (KNP), Assam, India. The 7.5m wide paved road The arboreal reptiles were the most affected, the highest percent separates the southern side of Kaziranga National Park from being those that were diurnal followed by the nocturnal, Karbi Anglong Hills (KAH) and passes through tea gardens, crepuscular and both day and night active species. Possible human habitations, paddy fields, teak plantations besides forest explanations of such differences in mortality among reptile groups are discussed. It is feared that such kind of persistent habitats of KNP at Panbari, Haldibari, Kanchanjuri and loss can be detrimental to the local reptilian population. Ghorakati (Fig. 1). All these adjacent forest habitats are animal corridors and are frequently used by megamammals like KEYWORDS Elephants, Indian One-horned Rhinoceros, Water Buffalo, Assam, India, Kaziranga National Park, reptile, road kill Tiger, Leopard and Hog Deer during their to and fro movement between KNP and KAH. -
WHO Guidance on Management of Snakebites
GUIDELINES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF SNAKEBITES 2nd Edition GUIDELINES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF SNAKEBITES 2nd Edition 1. 2. 3. 4. ISBN 978-92-9022- © World Health Organization 2016 2nd Edition All rights reserved. Requests for publications, or for permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications, whether for sale or for noncommercial distribution, can be obtained from Publishing and Sales, World Health Organization, Regional Office for South-East Asia, Indraprastha Estate, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, New Delhi-110 002, India (fax: +91-11-23370197; e-mail: publications@ searo.who.int). The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by the World Health Organization to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In no event shall the World Health Organization be liable for damages arising from its use. -
First Record of Banded Krait, Bungarus Fasciatus (Schneider, 1801), (Reptilia: Elapidae), from Guru Ghasidas National Park, Koriya District, Chhattisgarh, India
ISSN 0375-1511 Rec. zool. Surv. India: 113(Part-2): 77-80,2013 FIRST RECORD OF BANDED KRAIT, BUNGARUS FASCIATUS (SCHNEIDER, 1801), (REPTILIA: ELAPIDAE), FROM GURU GHASIDAS NATIONAL PARK, KORIYA DISTRICT, CHHATTISGARH, INDIA KAILASH CHANDRA, ANGSHUMAN RAHA, AM ITAV A MAJUMDER, ABINASH P ARIDA AND ANIL SARSAVAN Zoological Survey of India, New Alipore, Kolkata-700053, India E-mail: [email protected] The present communication reports the restricted to the eastern part of India particularly occurrence of Banded Krait for the first time from in North-east India (Brahmaputra Basin), Andhra Guru Ghasidas National Park (GGNP) as well as Pradesh (Hyderabad, Godavari valley), Central Koriya district of Chhattisgarh. This also India (Chhattisgarh and parts of Madhya represents the significant north western range Pradesh), Orissa (Mahanadi valley), Bihar, Uttar extension of the species in Chhattisgarh. While Pradesh and West Bengal (northern part) (Wall undertaking the faunal survey of Protected Areas 1912, Kinnear 1913, Smith 1943, Sanyal 1993, of Chhattisgarh, banded krait was sighted at the Sanyal et al. 1993, Sharma 2003, Whitaker & Amapani beat, Sonhat range (23°35'12.7/1, Captain 2004). Both the snakes are common 82°29'20.7/1) of Guru Ghasidas National Park at throughou t their ranges. night (10:30 PM) on 23'd May 2012 (Fig. 1). The Physiography of GGNP snake was observed while it was crossing a Guru Ghasidas National Park is located in the narrow road from a paddy field to a water body extreme north western part of Chhattisgarh state on the opposite side. The paddy field was in Koriya district. -
Annual Report for the Year 2019-2020
MADRAS CROCODILE BANK TRUST / CENTRE FOR HERPETOLOGY Post bag No.4, Vadanemmelli Village, East Coast Road, Mamallapuram-603 104, Tamil Nadu, India Annual Report for the year 2019-2020 2 CONTENTS S.No Section Page Number 1. Report of the Officer-in-charge 5 2. History of the Zoo 6 3. Vision 6 4. Mission 7 5. Objective 7 6. About us 7 7. Organizational Chart 11 8. Human Resources 12 9. Capacity Building of the zoo personnel 13 10. Zoo Advisory Committee 13 11. Health Advisory Committee 14 12. Statement of income and expenditure of the Zoo 14 13. Daily feed Schedule of animals 15 14. Vaccination Schedule of animals 19 15. De-worming Schedule of animals 19 3 S.No Section Page Number 16. Disinfection Schedule 19 17. Health Check-up of employees for zoonotic diseases 22 18. Development Works carried out in the zoo during the year 23 19. Education and Awareness programmes during the year 24 20. Important Events and happenings in the zoo 25 21. Seasonal special arrangements for upkeep of animals 25 22. Research Work carried out and publications 26 23. Conservation Breeding Programme of the Zoo 27 24. Animal acquisition / transfer / exchange during the year 27 25. Rescue and Rehabilitation of the wild animals carried out by the zoo 28 26. Annual Inventory of animals 30 27. Mortality of animals. 39 28. Status of the Compliance with conditions stipulated by the Central Zoo 44 Authority 29. List of free living wild animals within the zoo premises 45 4 1. Report of the Officer-in-charge The year 2019-2020 was a great one for us at the Madras Crocodile Bank Trust (MCBT), although we were looking at the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in the far end of the year. -
Diversity and Conservation of Amphibians and Reptiles in North Punjab, Pakistan
Diversity and conservation of amphibians and reptiles in North Punjab, Pakistan. MUHAMMAD RAIS, SARA BALOCH, JAVERIA REHMAN, MAQSOOD ANWAR, IFTIKHAR HUSSAIN AND TARIQ MAHMOOD Department of Wildlife Management, PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Corresponding Author: Muhammad Rais, Visiting Scholar, Department of Biology, Indiana-Purdue University Fort Wayne, Indiana, USA. Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT - Amphibians and reptiles are the most neglected and least studied wildlife groups in Pakistan. The present study was conducted in the selected areas of districts Rawalpindi, Islamabad and Chakwal, North Punjab, Pakistan, to obtain data on herpetofaunal species richness and abundance from February, 2010 to January, 2011 using area-constrained searches. A total of 35 species of amphibians and reptiles (29 genera, 16 families, four orders) were recorded from the study area. Of the recorded species, 30 were reptiles (25 genera, 13 families, three orders) and five were amphibians (four genera, three families and a single order). A total of 388 individuals belonging to 11 recognizable taxonomic units (RTUs) with a population density of 0.22 individuals/ ha. and 4.10 encounters were recorded. Of the recorded RTUs, two (lacertids and skinks) were rated as uncommon, seven (hard-shell turtles, soft-shell turtles, agamids, gekkonids, medium and large-sized lizards, non-venomous snakes and venomous snakes) as frequent and two (toads and frogs) as common. Districts Rawalpindi/ Islamabad had higher species richness while District Chakwal had relatively higher species diversity and evenness. Threatened species of the area included the Narrow-headed Soft-shell Turtle (Chitra indica), Indian Soft-shell Turtle (Nilssonia gangetica), Peacock Soft-shell Turtle (Aspideretes hurum), and Brown River Turtle (Pangshura smithii). -
Kedar Bhide Its All About Hisssssss
Its all about Hisssssss Kedar Bhide Snake and you § Kill it § Trap it § Push it § Call fire brigade/Police § Call Pest Control § Call snake charmers § Call Snake rescuers/Animal helplines § Live with it Know & I am more understand afraid than about me you I am a wild animal ( Living in state of nature, inhibiting natural haunts, not familiar with ,or not easily approached by Man, not tamed or domesticated),, Web definition of SNAKE 1. Any of numerous scaly, legless, sometimes venomous reptiles of the suborder Serpentes or Ophidia (order Squamata), having a long, tapering, cylindrical body and found in most tropical and temperate regions. 2. A treacherous person. Also called snake in the grass. 3. A long, highly flexible metal wire or coil used for cleaning drains. Also called plumber's snake. 4. Economics A fixing of the value of currencies to each other within defined parameters, which when graphed visually shows these currencies remaining parallel in value to each other as a unit despite fluctuations with other currencies. • Belongs to group of animals called Reptiles ( Class – Reptilia, - Crocodiles, Turtles & Tortoises, Geckos &Lizards) •Limbless reptiles with cylindrical body covered with scales • More than 2900 species in the world, In India represented at the moment by 276 species • Rich diversity in Western Ghats and North East India, many endemic species ( Ecological state of being unique to a particular geographic location) •Ranges from 12 cms to 6 meters, Found in all color forms • Are found in all habitats, terrestrial ( Land) , -
Venoms Were Observed in the Current Study
Received: June 29, 2009 J Venom Anim Toxins incl Trop Dis. Accepted: October 27, 2009 V.16, n.1, p.147-154, 2010. Abstract published online: November 11, 2009 Short communication. Full paper published online: February 28, 2010 ISSN 1678-9199. Enzymatic and immunological properties of Bungarus flaviceps (red-headed krait) venom Tan NH (1), Fung SY (1), Ponnudurai G (2) (1) Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; (2) International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. ABSTRACT: Bungarus flaviceps (red-headed krait) venom presents an intravenous LD50 of 0.32 μg/g and exhibits enzymatic activities similar to other Bungarus toxins. ELISA cross-reactions between anti-Bungarus flaviceps and a variety of elapid and viperid venoms were observed in the current study. Double-sandwich ELISA was highly specific, since anti-B. flaviceps serum did not cross-react with any tested venom, indicating that this assay can be used for species diagnosis in B. flaviceps bites. In the indirect ELISA, anti-B. flaviceps serum cross-reacted moderately with three different Bungarus venoms (9-18%) and Notechis scutatus venom, but minimally with other elapid and viperid toxins. The results indicated that B. flaviceps venom shares common epitopes with other Bungarus species as well as with N. scutatus. The lethality of the B. flaviceps venom was neutralized effectively by antiserum prepared against B. candidus and B. flaviceps toxins and a commercial bivalent elapid antivenom prepared against B. multicinctus and Naja naja atra venoms, but was not neutralized by commercial antivenoms prepared against Thai cobra, king cobra and banded krait. -
New Record of Banded Krait Bungarus Fasciatus
Biological Forum – An International Journal 12(1): 29-32(2020) ISSN No. (Print): 0975-1130 ISSN No. (Online): 2249-3239 New Record of Banded Krait Bungarus fasciatus (Schneider, 1801) from Ranchi (Jharkhand) with its Preying on Checkered Keel-Back Snake Akhlaq Husain (Former Scientist E. Zoological Survey of India) 41, Hari Vihar, Vijay Park, Chakrata Road, Dehra Dun-248001, Uttarakhand, India. (Corresponding author: Akhlaq Husain) (Received 20 February 2020, Accepted 04 April, 2020) (Published by Research Trend, Website: www.researchtrend.net) ABSTRACT: In India Banded Krait Bungarus fasciatus (Schneider, 1801) commonly occurs in north-eastern India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Mizoram, Meghalaya, Nagaland and Tripura) but becomes lesser towards north-west, west, south and south-east (Uttarakhand in north-west; Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh in central India; Maharashtra in west; Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu in south and Andhra Pradesh and Odisha in south-east). In Jharkhand it was recorded from Bokaro and Hazaribagh districts but presently it has been found in Ranchi district also, preying on Checkered Keel-back Snake which is a new record and adds to its distribution in the state. In present communication its synonymy, diagnostic features, altitudinal range, distribution, habitat, food & feeding, breeding, nature & behaviour, bite, venom & treatment, conservation status, threats and preying on Checkered Keel-back Snake are provided. Keywords: New record of Banded Krait from Ranchi with its preying on Checkered Keel-back Snake. INTRODCUCTION The records of distribution of Bungarus fasciatus (Schneider, 1801), the Banded Krait, in Jharkhand State have been from Bokaro and Hoshangabad districts only (Wikipedia; telegraphindia.com). During present study, a Banded Krait, preying on Checkered Keel-back snake (Fowlea piscator, Schneider, 1799), was sighted at Ormanjhi in Ranchi district which was found to be the new find from Ranchi and additional record for the state. -
A Glimpse of Ophidiofaunal Diversity in and Around the Campus Area of Government Mahamaya College Ratanpur, Bilaspur (C.G.) India
Vol-6 Issue-4 2020 IJARIIE-ISSN(O)-2395-4396 A GLIMPSE OF OPHIDIOFAUNAL DIVERSITY IN AND AROUND THE CAMPUS AREA OF GOVERNMENT MAHAMAYA COLLEGE RATANPUR, BILASPUR (C.G.) INDIA Dr. Rajesh Kumar Rai Govt. Mahamaya College Ratanpur, Bilaspur (C.G.), India E. Mail – [email protected] ABSTRACT A survey was conducted to understand the status and diversity of Ophidians at Ratanpur area between 2017 to 2020. Ratanpur is located in eastern part of Chhattisgarh. Ratanpur is an ancient, historical, Mythological, and eco-tourist valuable place of Chhattisgarh, India. The area was thoroughly surveyed to prepare a checklist of the snake diversity along with their vernacular, local and scientific names with the help of local people and referred literature. Their reproductive status and various aspects of their microhabitats were also assessed. The present study revealed that the Ratanpur area of C.G. harbors 17 ophidian species belonging to 06 families. Family colubride is dominant family (Contributed maximum 07 species) whereas family Pythonide contributed only 01 species. The presence of five deadliest snakes, 11 oviparous, 01 viviparous, 03 ovoviviparous and 02 parthenogenetic snakes, Family viparidae (Daboia russelii) is common and abundant snake species are the significant findings of the present study. Their number is gradually declining due to anthropogenic activities. Our primary duty is to protect these limbless speechless, shy and misunderstood creature in situ and conserve them to protect food chain and for balanced ecosystem. The present study will help to prepare a preliminary and a baseline data of snake diversity for awareness, future study, and extension of advanced research activities in the region. -
Vertebrate Diversity in a Thirty Year Old Analogue Forest in Pitigala, Elpitiya, in the Galle District of Southern Sri Lanka
RUHUNA JOURNAL OF SCIENCE Vol. 1, September 2006, pp. 158–173 http://www.ruh.ac.lk/rjs/ issn 1800-279X © 2006 Faculty of Science University of Ruhuna. Vertebrate diversity in a thirty year old analogue forest in Pitigala, Elpitiya, in the Galle District of Southern Sri Lanka S. N. Gamage, W. K. D. D. Liyanage, A. Gunawardena Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ruhuna, Kamburupitiya, Matara, Sri Lanka. [email protected] S. Wimalasuriya Land Owners Restore Rainforest In Sri Lanka, Bangamukanda Estate, Pitigala, Galle, Sri Lanka. Most of the natural ecosystems in the wet zone are severely fragmented and interspersed between human managed agro ecosystems and home gardens. There is growing evi- dence that traditional agro-ecosystems contribute to sustain the regional biodiversity of many invertebrate and vertebrate species. Analogue forest as a concept is accepted by agronomists and conservationists, which would bring profits in the long-term sustainable basis. The Bangamukanda Estate is an example of a 18 hectares plantation (tea, rubber and cinnamon) that has been converted into an analogue forest. Objective of the study was to assess the current vertebrate diversity in this 30-year-old analogue forest. Total of 206 species of vertebrates belonging to 74 families were observed during the study period, out of that 58 species were endemic to Sri Lanka. The findings of the survey clearly high- lighted the contribution of analogue forest systems towards sustaining a rich biodiversity. In addition analogue forest systems can be used to link the forest patches in the wet zone. Key words : Vertebrate diversity, Analogue forest, Conservation 1. -
Urban Herpetofauna: a Case Study in Ujjain City of Central India
International Journal of Scientific Research in _______________________________ Research Paper . Biological Sciences Vol.6, Issue.5, pp.76-84, October (2019) E-ISSN: 2347-7520 Urban Herpetofauna: A Case Study in Ujjain City of Central India Mukesh Ingle1*, Ulka Yadav2, Ashok K. Bhilala3, Manohar Pawar4 1Reptile Conservation & Research Centre, Nanakheda, Ujjain 456010 Madhya Pradesh, India 2Govt. Girls Post Graduate College, Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh 3Central Regional Stations, Zoological Survey of India, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh 4Manohar Pawar, Foundation for Ecological Security, Mandla, Madhya Pradesh, India Available online at: www.isroset.org Received: 15/Oct/2019, Accepted: 23/Oct/2019, Online: 31/Oct/2019 Abstract- This paper presents a herpetofaunal inventory of the urban city of Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh along with major threats existing in the study area, snake-human conflict and conservation steps taken. Herpetofaunal population in degraded while urban habitat is essential for their long term conservation measures. A total of 39 species of reptiles and amphibians representing 15 families were detected with special account of Argyrogena fasciolata, Wallophis brachyurus, Lycodon aulicus, Ptyas mucosa, Xenochrophis piscator, and Lygosoma lineatum. Snakes were the most collected reptilian species, while Amphibians comprised the little group of the sample. Reptile Conservation & Research Centre is established in the city by Sarpa Anusandhan Sangthan to minimize the snake-human conflict and to educate and familiarise people with them. Keywords- Urban, Herpetofauna, Conservation, snake-human conflict, Ujjain, Central India I. INTRODUCTION invertebrate fauna species, perhaps due to the range of diverse natural and artificial habitat niches and conditions The primary driver of the global decline of biodiversity is that occur in urban areas (Niemelä 1999a,b; Collins et al. -
Lonar Crater Rim), Buldhana District, Maharashtra
International Journal of Engineering Science Invention ISSN (Online): 2319 – 6734, ISSN (Print): 2319 – 6726 www.ijesi.org ||Volume 4 Issue 1 || January 2015 || PP.19-21 Diversity and Ecological Status of Serpent Fauna of degraded forest habitats of in and around Lonar lake Reservoir (Lonar Crater Rim), Buldhana District, Maharashtra 1, 2, Dr.KshamaKhobragade , Mr.Vijaykumar B. Pawar 1,Reader and Head, Department of Environmental Science, 2,S.B.E.S. College of Science, Aurangabad ** Research Scholar ABSTRACT: An annotated checklist of snakes is rescued and seen in and around Lonar Crater rim from June-2012 to March-2014 is presented whereas on the basis of habitat structure and possibility of availability of the species.16 species belonging five families were recorded. This includes. 16 species of snakes about them 4 Poisonous from ElapidaeandViperidaeFamlywhereas 11 snakes Non-poisonous belongs from family of Typhlopidae, Colubridae and Pythonidaeand remaining 1 species of snakes from Colubridae family, all these snakes are rescued and released in their local habitats. This information will helps to provide information, awareness and conservation of the fauna in Buldhana district of Maharashtra state about snakes of Buldhana district, Maharashtra. I. INTRODUCTION The state of Maharashtra is locatedin the Deccan region of India. The Arabian Sea surrounds the entire western coast of the Maharashtra state; The 1.8 km diameter Lonar Crater in the state of Maharashtra, India (Fig. 1) includes morphological features of impacts and impacted deposits, including formation and excavation of habitable environments. (S.B. Borul, 2012) Lonar Crater, India is one of the youngest and best preserved impact structures on Earth.