Heritage Statement

The Orchard, Bishop Wilton

April 2021

Rebecca Thompson BSc(hon) PPCIOB IHBC MQSi(hon)

Heritage Statement

The Orchard, Bishop Wilton

1. Executive Summary 3 2. Introduction 3 3. Background and Historic Context 6 4. Policy and Guidance 11 5. Assessment of Signifcance 11 6. Supporting Photographs 12 7. Heritage Impact Assessment 15 8. Justifcation 15 9. Conclusion 16 Appendix A - East Riding Local Plan Policies Map 17 10. Bibliography 18

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1. Executive Summary

The Conservation Area Designation for Bishop Wilton is not intended to prevent change, rather to manage any change carefully and in line with the special architectural and historic interest of the village. The Heritage Statement evaluates the proposed development in consideration of the conservation area characteristics and concludes a sensitive approach to the construction of this single storey, four bedroom family home. The property is subservient to the adjacent property in height and set back from the lane, refecting the informal and understated nature of nearby historic properties. The development proposes the use of traditional materials.

2. Introduction

The proposed development within the land adjacent to Walgate House, 57 Main Street is within the Conservation Area for Bishop Wilton, and this document refers to guidance provided in the ‘Conservation Area Appraisal, Bishop Wilton, East Riding of Council, 2014’ and national policy and guidance as outlined in chapter 4.

Figure 2.01: Bishop Wilton Conservation Area Boundary Source: Council, 2014

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Heritage Gateway and the Archaeology Data Service were both accessed to establish the potential for archaeological fnds in the vicinity of the proposed area of development.

Figure 2.02: Heritage Gateway Search Results Source: Heritage Gateway, 2021

The blue arrow indicates the location of the plot with the nearest excavation shown to the south of 57 Main Street. The excavation in 2008 observed three undated features. The watching brief was maintained during groundworks for a new dwelling and two garage units (Archaeology Data Service, 2008). Bishop Wilton has a number of listed

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buildings and monuments, this will be covered in section 3 as they enhance the setting and architectural signifcance of the village.

The purpose of the Heritage Statement as required by paragraph 189 of the National Planning Policy Framework, 2019 which states;

“In determining applications, local planning authorities should require an applicant to describe the signifcance of any heritage assets affected, including any contribution made by their setting. The level of detail should be proportionate to the assets' importance and no more than is suffcient to understand the potential impact of the proposal on their signifcance. As a minimum the relevant historic environment record should have been consulted and the heritage assets assessed using appropriate expertise where necessary. Where a site on which development is proposed includes, or has the potential to include, heritage assets with archaeological interest, local planning authorities should require developers to submit an appropriate desk-based assessment and, where necessary, a feld evaluation.” (Paragraph 189, NPPF, 2019)

‘The Orchard’ is not a listed building, however the land is an asset with signifcance as part of the village street scene, and potential (although low risk) below ground archaeology. The signifcance will be explored in the following sections.

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3. Background and Historic Context

‘The Orchard’ sits within the land adjacent to Walgate House, 57 Main Street, Bishop Wilton, YO42 1SR coordinates 53.985740, -0.784158.

Figure 3.01: Location plan, The Orchard, adjacent to 57 Main Street, Bishop Wilton Source: google maps, 2021

Figure 3.02: Street View, The Orchard, adjacent to 57 Main Street, Bishop Wilton Source: google maps, 2021

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The origins and evolution of Bishop Wilton are outlined in the Conservation Area Appraisal and identify probably Bronze Age monuments just outside the conservation area boundary, and Iron Age activity represented by a number of square barrows. There is evidence of crop marks of an early linear settlement on a similar alignment to the one that exists today. “These crop-marks depict a concentration of small rectilinear enclosures clustered around a track, but, whether they belong to a Saxon predecessor, or to a much earlier Romano-British, or even Iron Age settlement, could only be resolved through excavation” (East Riding of Yorkshire Council, 2014).

The medieval period appears to have laid the foundation for the village that we see today. Bishop Wilton forms a two row linear plan on a north-east to south-west alignment. The Beck fows through the middle and splits the main street with steep grassy banks. The historic maps of 1842-1952 and 1891-1892 show a similar layout of Main Street with houses and farm buildings, still recognisable today, along the curtilage and long garden plots leading to ‘Back Lane’, which is now developed and renamed ‘Park Lane’ (National Library of Scotland). This suggests a low risk of signifcant below ground archaeology to this area, away from the church (to the north west) and the known location of the Archbishop’s Palace ‘Hall Garth’ situated at the eastern outskirts of the village, the earthwork remains of Hall Garth are still visible and the area is protected as a Scheduled Ancient Monument.

Figure 3.03: View of Main Street, Bishop Wilton from the Church Tower (undated) Source: History, 2021

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Figure 3.04: Main Street, Bishop Wilton (undated) Source: Pocklington History, 2021

Figure 3.05: Main Street, Bishop Wilton (undated) Source: Pocklington History, 2021

57 Main Street is identifed by the blue arrow in fgures 3.03, 3.04 and 3.05. The images are postcards from the late 19th and early 20th century. Walgate House, 57

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Main Street is identifable, however the cottages to the right have been replaced with modern homes.

Figure 3.06: Entrance to ‘The Orchard’, Bishop Wilton Source: Author, 2021

Figure 3.07: Proposed development site, ‘The Orchard’, Bishop Wilton Source: Author, 2021

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The proposed development will share an ample access driveway with 57 Main Street and the building will sit back from the lane on the area that was once an orchard.

The site is fanked by 57 Main Street, an unlisted, late 19th century building, modernise and in good condition. To the right hand side of the proposed development are three modern homes, replacing the cottages shown in fgures F3.04 and F3.05.

Figure 3.08: Properties in the vicinity of the proposed development site Source: Author, 2021

The proposed development will not be visible within the street scene, or any approach to the village as it is set back from the lane and a lower, subservient building design.

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4. Policy and Guidance

Bishop Wilton was designated a conservation area in 1974, the Conservation Area Appraisal, Bishop Wilton, 2014 incorporates Historic Guidance on Conservation Area Appraisals, 2005 and a re-survey including changes to the conservation area boundary in 2014. At a local level policies relevant to the Bishop Wilton Conservation Area are currently contained in the East Yorkshire Borough Wide Local Plan (adopted June 1997), Policies EN19, and the East Riding Local Plan Strategy Document Adopted April 2016

This heritage statement incorporates policy and guidance from the National Planning Policy Framework 2019, Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, East Riding of Yorkshire Conservation Area Appraisal Bishop Wilton 2014, and Historic England Guidance.

5. Assessment of Signifcance

The proposed development within the land adjacent to Walgate House, 57 Main Street, Bishop Wilton was once an orchard belonging to Walgate House. The land is currently open lawn, approached by a wide driveway servicing 57 Main Street.

The historic value is that of a medieval settlement in this alignment along the valley. The aesthetic value is the landscape, although it is surrounded by development so does not provide access to the ‘Scarp Slope’. The communal is that of a rural village and the additional property will add to the communal value. The property will not impact on the setting as it is subservient and set back from its neighbours.

The land is of low heritage signifcance. The impact is assessed in section 7.

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6. Supporting Photographs

A site visit in April records the street scene and listed buildings in Bishop Wilton.

Figure 6.01: St Edith’s Church - Grade I Listed and lamp standard Grade II Listed Source: Author, 2021

Figure 6.02: Mosquito Cottage, 95 Main Street - Grade II Listed Source: Author, 2021

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Figure 6.03: 94 Main Street - Grade II Listed Source: Author, 2021

Figure 6.04: Barn Conversion, Main Street, unlisted Source: Author, 2021

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Figure 6.05: Bishop Wilton viewed from the north-east looking south-west Source: Author, 2021

Figure 6.06: Bishop Wilton viewed from the south-west looking north-east Source: Author, 2021

Bishop Wilton has a number of listed buildings and monuments. Each building adds to the linear village and the view formed by the central, low level beck fanked by grassy banks. The historic properties line the lane to the north east and south east of the village. Less signifcant buildings and homes are set back from the lane.

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7. Heritage Impact Assessment

The impact of the proposed development is evaluated using the ‘Defnition of Bishop Wilton’s Special Interest’ (page 2, East Riding of Yorkshire, 2014).

Special Interest Areas identifed in the Heritage Impact caused by the proposed Conservation Area Appraisal development

“The Beck is the most important element The proposed development will have no in Bishop Wilton… It is the reason for the impact on The Beck, aesthetically or village’s basic plan form as well as its very environmentally existence.” “Grass verges are a major element in the The proposed development will not impact appearance and character of Bishop on the grass verges. Access to the property Wilton and give a strong rural character to will be via an existing driveway the village” “The Wolds Escarpment is a key element The proposed development will not impact in the backdrop to Bishop Wilton. It is on the Wolds Escarpment and will not be most valuable in establishing the visible from any approach to the village character of the village” "The number of signifcant unlisted The proposed low level, subservient property, buildings, which refect Bishop Wilton’s set back from the lane will not impact on rural history, have signifcant impact on signifcant unlisted buildings. The view of 57 the character of the village” Main Street will not be afected. Impact on Signifcance

Historic No impact

Aesthetic Enhancement to Main Street

Communal Enhancement to the village

Setting Enhancement to Main Street

8. Justifcation

The proposed development is a low signifcance heritage asset within the conservation area of Bishop Wilton. The architects choice of traditional materials will ensure the building fts into the environment, providing a beautiful family home.

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9. Conclusion

The proposed family home contributes to the community of Bishop Wilton, supporting the strong and vibrant community with a well designed building utilising traditional materials. The proposed development will provide less than signifcant harm to the local heritage and listed buildings in Main Street.

The proposed development provides a sensitive approach to the construction of this single storey, four bedroom family home. The property is subservient to the adjacent property in height and set back from the lane, refecting the informal and understated nature of nearby historic properties, and does not compete or clash with the adjacent modern family homes that replaced earlier cottages (fgure 3.05).

The proposed development supports the Government’s objective of boosting the supply of homes in accordance with NPPF 2019 paragraph 59; “a suffcient amount [of homes] and a variety of land can come forward where it is needed” whilst having minimal impact on the local heritage. East Riding Local Plan Strategy Document, 2016 supports development in villages and the countryside; Policy S4, B1 (New housing, usually comprising a single dwelling). The Policies Map for Bishop Wilton is included in Appendix A.

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Appendix A - East Riding Local Plan Policies Map

Bishop Wilton showing development limits (S3 & S4). The proposed development is within the development boundary.

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10. Bibliography

Archaeology Data Service (2021) Bishop Wilton. https:// archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/archsearch/record.xhtml

East Riding of Yorkshire Council (2014) Conservation Area Appraisal, Bishop Wilton. https://www.eastriding.gov.uk/planning-permission-and-building-control/conservation- areas-and-listed-buildings/conservation-areas/conservation-area-appraisals-and- management-plans/

East Riding of Yorkshire Council (2016) East Riding Local Plan Strategy Document, Adopted April 2016. https://www.eastriding.gov.uk/planning-permission-and-building- control/planning-policy-and-the-local-plan/east-riding-local-plan/

East Riding of Yorkshire Council (2016) Bishop Wilton Policies Map. https:// www.eastriding.gov.uk/planning-permission-and-building-control/planning-policy-and- the-local-plan/policies-map/

Google Maps (2021) The Orchard, Bishop Wilton. https://www.google.co.uk/maps/ @53.9858194,-0.7844899,3a,75y,90h,90t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1scqFu2- YSnE4ZXSjswUezZQ!2e0!7i13312!8i6656

Heritage Gateway (2021) Bishop Wilton. https://www.heritagegateway.org.uk/ Gateway/Results.aspx

Historic England (2021) Listed Buildings and monuments, Bishop Wilton. https:// historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/results/? searchType=NHLE+Simple&search=Bishop+Wilton&page=1

Ministry of Housing, Communities & Local Government (2019) National Planning Policy Framework. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/ system/uploads/attachment_data/fle/810197/NPPF_Feb_2019_revised.pdf

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National Library of Scotland (2021) Bishop Wilton. https://maps.nls.uk/geo/fnd/ marker/ #zoom=15&lat=53.9864&lon=-0.7862&f=0&z=1&marker=53.9857,-0.7839&from=1550 &to=1970

Pocklington History (2021) Bishop Wilton. https://pocklingtonhistory.com/district/ bishopwilton/bwhistgroup/bwimages/bwpostcards/topend/imag_pc_topend02.htm

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