The Conservative Transformation of Canada's Foreign Policy
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Canada's G8 Plans
Plans for the 2010 G8 Muskoka Summit: June 25-26, 2010 Jenilee Guebert Director of Research, G8 Research Group, with Robin Lennox and other members of the G8 Research Group June 7, 2010 Plans for the 2010 G8 Muskoka Summit: June 25-26, Ministerial Meetings 31 2010 1 G7 Finance Ministers 31 Abbreviations and Acronyms 2 G20 Finance Ministers 37 Preface 2 G8 Foreign Ministers 37 Introduction: Canada’s 2010 G8 2 G8 Development Ministers 41 Agenda: The Policy Summit 3 Civil Society 43 Priority Themes 3 Celebrity Diplomacy 43 World Economy 5 Activities 44 Climate Change 6 Nongovernmental Organizations 46 Biodiversity 6 Canada’s G8 Team 48 Energy 7 Participating Leaders 48 Iran 8 G8 Leaders 48 North Korea 9 Canada 48 Nonproliferation 10 France 48 Fragile and Vulnerable States 11 United States 49 Africa 12 United Kingdom 49 Economy 13 Russia 49 Development 13 Germany 49 Peace Support 14 Japan 50 Health 15 Italy 50 Crime 20 Appendices 50 Terrorism 20 Appendix A: Commitments Due in 2010 50 Outreach and Expansion 21 Appendix B: Facts About Deerhurst 56 Accountability Mechanism 22 Preparations 22 Process: The Physical Summit 23 Site: Location Reaction 26 Security 28 Economic Benefits and Costs 29 Benefits 29 Costs 31 Abbreviations and Acronyms AU African Union CCS carbon capture and storage CEIF Clean Energy Investment Framework CSLF Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum DAC Development Assistance Committee (of the Organisation for Economic Co- operation and Development) FATF Financial Action Task Force HAP Heiligendamm L’Aquila Process HIPC heavily -
Chretien Consensus
End of the CHRÉTIEN CONSENSUS? Jason Clemens Milagros Palacios Matthew Lau Niels Veldhuis Copyright ©2017 by the Fraser Institute. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. The authors of this publication have worked independently and opinions expressed by them are, therefore, their own, and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the Fraser Institute or its supporters, Directors, or staff. This publication in no way implies that the Fraser Institute, its Directors, or staff are in favour of, or oppose the passage of, any bill; or that they support or oppose any particular political party or candidate. Date of issue: March 2017 Printed and bound in Canada Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Data End of the Chrétien Consensus? / Jason Clemens, Matthew Lau, Milagros Palacios, and Niels Veldhuis Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-0-88975-437-9 Contents Introduction 1 Saskatchewan’s ‘Socialist’ NDP Begins the Journey to the Chrétien Consensus 3 Alberta Extends and Deepens the Chrétien Consensus 21 Prime Minister Chrétien Introduces the Chrétien Consensus to Ottawa 32 Myths of the Chrétien Consensus 45 Ontario and Alberta Move Away from the Chrétien Consensus 54 A New Liberal Government in Ottawa Rejects the Chrétien Consensus 66 Conclusions and Recommendations 77 Endnotes 79 www.fraserinstitute.org d Fraser Institute d i ii d Fraser Institute d www.fraserinstitute.org Executive Summary TheChrétien Consensus was an implicit agreement that transcended political party and geography regarding the soundness of balanced budgets, declining government debt, smaller and smarter government spending, and competi- tive taxes that emerged in the early 1990s and lasted through to roughly the mid-2000s. -
Understanding Stephen Harper
HARPER Edited by Teresa Healy www.policyalternatives.ca Photo: Hanson/THE Tom CANADIAN PRESS Understanding Stephen Harper The long view Steve Patten CANAdIANs Need to understand the political and ideological tem- perament of politicians like Stephen Harper — men and women who aspire to political leadership. While we can gain important insights by reviewing the Harper gov- ernment’s policies and record since the 2006 election, it is also essential that we step back and take a longer view, considering Stephen Harper’s two decades of political involvement prior to winning the country’s highest political office. What does Harper’s long record of engagement in conservative politics tell us about his political character? This chapter is organized around a series of questions about Stephen Harper’s political and ideological character. Is he really, as his support- ers claim, “the smartest guy in the room”? To what extent is he a con- servative ideologue versus being a political pragmatist? What type of conservatism does he embrace? What does the company he keeps tell us about his political character? I will argue that Stephen Harper is an economic conservative whose early political motivations were deeply ideological. While his keen sense of strategic pragmatism has allowed him to make peace with both conservative populism and the tradition- alism of social conservatism, he continues to marginalize red toryism within the Canadian conservative family. He surrounds himself with Governance 25 like-minded conservatives and retains a long-held desire to transform Canada in his conservative image. The smartest guy in the room, or the most strategic? When Stephen Harper first came to the attention of political observers, it was as one of the leading “thinkers” behind the fledgling Reform Party of Canada. -
The Limits to Influence: the Club of Rome and Canada
THE LIMITS TO INFLUENCE: THE CLUB OF ROME AND CANADA, 1968 TO 1988 by JASON LEMOINE CHURCHILL A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfilment of the thesis requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2006 © Jason Lemoine Churchill, 2006 Declaration AUTHOR'S DECLARATION FOR ELECTRONIC SUBMISSION OF A THESIS I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners. I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public. ii Abstract This dissertation is about influence which is defined as the ability to move ideas forward within, and in some cases across, organizations. More specifically it is about an extraordinary organization called the Club of Rome (COR), who became advocates of the idea of greater use of systems analysis in the development of policy. The systems approach to policy required rational, holistic and long-range thinking. It was an approach that attracted the attention of Canadian Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau. Commonality of interests and concerns united the disparate members of the COR and allowed that organization to develop an influential presence within Canada during Trudeau’s time in office from 1968 to 1984. The story of the COR in Canada is extended beyond the end of the Trudeau era to explain how the key elements that had allowed the organization and its Canadian Association (CACOR) to develop an influential presence quickly dissipated in the post- 1984 era. The key reasons for decline were time and circumstance as the COR/CACOR membership aged, contacts were lost, and there was a political paradigm shift that was antithetical to COR/CACOR ideas. -
Canada-U.S. Relations
Canada-U.S. Relations Updated February 10, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov 96-397 SUMMARY 96-397 Canada-U.S. Relations February 10, 2021 The United States and Canada typically enjoy close relations. The two countries are bound together by a common 5,525-mile border—“the longest undefended border in the world”—as Peter J. Meyer well as by shared history and values. They have extensive trade and investment ties and long- Specialist in Latin standing mutual security commitments under NATO and North American Aerospace Defense American and Canadian Command (NORAD). Canada and the United States also cooperate closely on intelligence and Affairs law enforcement matters, placing a particular focus on border security and cybersecurity initiatives in recent years. Ian F. Fergusson Specialist in International Although Canada’s foreign and defense policies usually are aligned with those of the United Trade and Finance States, disagreements arise from time to time. Canada’s Liberal Party government, led by Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, has prioritized multilateral efforts to renew and strengthen the rules- based international order since coming to power in November 2015. It expressed disappointment with former President Donald Trump’s decisions to withdraw from international organizations and accords, and it questioned whether the United States was abandoning its global leadership role. Cooperation on international issues may improve under President Joe Biden, who spoke with Prime Minister Trudeau in his first call to a foreign leader and expressed interest in working with Canada to address climate change and other global challenges. The United States and Canada have a deep economic partnership, with approximately $1.4 billion of goods crossing the border each day in 2020. -
13 Mcelrea & KOTOWICZ Two Plus Four
Canada and the “Two-Plus-Four” Process Holly McElrea, University of Winnipeg Amanda Kotowicz, University of Winnipeg German unification is an important piece of twentieth century history. The powers that negotiated the external aspects of German unification, included France, Great Britain, the United States, the Soviet Union, and West and East Germany. The diplomatic discussions involving the respective six countries were known as the “Two-Plus-Four” talks. While some other countries (for example, Poland) were granted special status at the talks, it was purposely designed to be a conference for only six delegates in order to ensure that the process would not be drawn out. Canada was not invited, nor had no special status in the “Two-Plus- Four” discussions. However, it was in Canada at the Open Skies Conference in February 1990 that the “Two-Plus-Four” process was first introduced to the rest of the world. The first part of this paper will examine Canada’s role as host of the Open Skies Conference. In the second part of this paper it will be discussed whether the Canadian government could have had a role in the “Two-Plus-Four” talks, and if so what could they have brought to the negotiating table? Canada and the Open Skies Conference In 1989 with the reforms quickening in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union, the Canadian government proposed an initiative to the Americans to discuss international aviation policies, specifically the concept of an Open Skies Agreement. The concept of an Open Skies Agreement was initially first launched by American President Eisenhower in 1955, but was rejected by the Soviet Union.1 In an interview with Canadian diplomat, John Noble, he argues that it was Prime Minister Brian Mulroney who resurrected the Open Skies Initiative. -
Alternative North Americas: What Canada and The
ALTERNATIVE NORTH AMERICAS What Canada and the United States Can Learn from Each Other David T. Jones ALTERNATIVE NORTH AMERICAS Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars One Woodrow Wilson Plaza 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue NW Washington, D.C. 20004 Copyright © 2014 by David T. Jones All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, scanned, or distributed in any printed or electronic form without permission. Please do not participate in or encourage piracy of copyrighted materials in violation of author’s rights. Published online. ISBN: 978-1-938027-36-9 DEDICATION Once more for Teresa The be and end of it all A Journey of Ten Thousand Years Begins with a Single Day (Forever Tandem) TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction .................................................................................................................1 Chapter 1 Borders—Open Borders and Closing Threats .......................................... 12 Chapter 2 Unsettled Boundaries—That Not Yet Settled Border ................................ 24 Chapter 3 Arctic Sovereignty—Arctic Antics ............................................................. 45 Chapter 4 Immigrants and Refugees .........................................................................54 Chapter 5 Crime and (Lack of) Punishment .............................................................. 78 Chapter 6 Human Rights and Wrongs .................................................................... 102 Chapter 7 Language and Discord .......................................................................... -
JOHN A. MACDONALD the Indispensable Politician
JOHN A. MACDONALD The Indispensable Politician by Alastair C.F. Gillespie With a Foreword by the Hon. Peter MacKay Board of Directors CHAIR Brian Flemming Rob Wildeboer International lawyer, writer, and policy advisor, Halifax Executive Chairman, Martinrea International Inc., Robert Fulford Vaughan Former Editor of Saturday Night magazine, columnist VICE CHAIR with the National Post, Ottawa Jacquelyn Thayer Scott Wayne Gudbranson Past President and Professor, CEO, Branham Group Inc., Ottawa Cape Breton University, Sydney Stanley Hartt MANAGING DIRECTOR Counsel, Norton Rose Fulbright LLP, Toronto Brian Lee Crowley, Ottawa Calvin Helin SECRETARY Aboriginal author and entrepreneur, Vancouver Lincoln Caylor Partner, Bennett Jones LLP, Toronto Peter John Nicholson Inaugural President, Council of Canadian Academies, TREASURER Annapolis Royal Martin MacKinnon CFO, Black Bull Resources Inc., Halifax Hon. Jim Peterson Former federal cabinet minister, Counsel at Fasken DIRECTORS Martineau, Toronto Pierre Casgrain Director and Corporate Secretary of Casgrain Maurice B. Tobin & Company Limited, Montreal The Tobin Foundation, Washington DC Erin Chutter Executive Chair, Global Energy Metals Corporation, Vancouver Research Advisory Board Laura Jones Janet Ajzenstat, Executive Vice-President of the Canadian Federation Professor Emeritus of Politics, McMaster University of Independent Business, Vancouver Brian Ferguson, Vaughn MacLellan Professor, Health Care Economics, University of Guelph DLA Piper (Canada) LLP, Toronto Jack Granatstein, Historian and former head of the Canadian War Museum Advisory Council Patrick James, Dornsife Dean’s Professor, University of Southern John Beck California President and CEO, Aecon Enterprises Inc., Toronto Rainer Knopff, Navjeet (Bob) Dhillon Professor Emeritus of Politics, University of Calgary President and CEO, Mainstreet Equity Corp., Calgary Larry Martin, Jim Dinning Prinicipal, Dr. -
Transportation
TRANSPORTATION POLICY BRIEFING THE HILL TIMES, APRIL 6, 2015 TRANSPORT MINISTER LISA RAITT NDP MP HOANG MAI Pilot behaviour seen in Germanwings crash Railway safety: a disconcerting lack of ‘would not happen in Canada’: Raitt regulatory oversight CONSERVATIVE MP LARRY MILLER LAC-MÉGANTIC Miller says House Transport Committee’s Getting the big picture right: regulating rail report will help strengthen transportation transportation of crude oil after safety in Canada Lac-Mégantic disaster LIBERAL MP DAVID MCGUINTY AIR TAXIS Canadians continue to be deeply concerned Government needs to support smaller about rail safety, and rightly so. airports as TSB investigates air taxis LASER STRIKES RAIL SAFETY Transport Canada data indicates rates of laser Opposition supporting rail safety bill to boost strikes continue to rise ministerial oversight, shipper liability ASIA TRADE Grain competing with other products in western rail as Asian trade prioritized 20 THE HILL TIMES, MONDAY, APRIL 6, 2015 TRANSPORTATION POLICY BRIEFING Q&A LISA RAITT Pilot behavior seen in Germanwings crash ‘would not happen in Canada’: Raitt BY RACHEL AIELLO to market. So if we’re signing all timistic that it’ll go through and I these free trade agreements, we am grateful for the support of the ransport Minister Lisa Raitt need to make sure the entire sup- opposition.” Tsays she’s confi dent the ply chain is ready to go and fi ring current annual medical checks and that’s what he’s doing. The new Railway Safety Manage- for Canadian pilots are enough “So for me, day-to-day, it’s ment System (SMS) regulations to ensure the safety of all aboard about safety, but the bigger picture came into effect April 1. -
'Kidnapping for Ransom: an Analysis of Canadian Cases'
Working Paper Series ____ No. 18-03 Winter 2018 ‘Kidnapping for Ransom: An Analysis of Canadian Cases’ Muna Osman, and Josiah Witherspoon, MA Candidates, NPSIA Carleton University [email protected] [email protected] Osman & Witherspoon, 2018 2 The Canadian Network for Research on Terrorism, Security, and Society TSAS is supported as a national strategic initiative funded by SSHRC and Public Safety Canada, along with the following departments of the federal government: • Royal Canadian Mounted Police • Canadian Security Intelligence Service • Immigration, Refugees, and Citizenship Canada • Correctional Services Canada • Defence Research and Development Canada • Global Affairs Canada • Security Intelligence Review Committee • Office of the Communications Security Establishment Commissioner TSAS also receives financial support from several Canadian universities, including the University of British Columbia and the University of Waterloo. Views expressed in this manuscript are those of the author(s) alone. For more information, contact the Director of the Network, Lorne Dawson, Department of Sociology and Legal Studies, University of Waterloo ([email protected]) or Elizabeth Ford Project Manager of TSAS [email protected]. Osman & Witherspoon, 2018 3 Kidnapping for Ransom: Why are Canadians targeted? Introduction Since 2001, thirty Canadian nationals have been kidnapped and held for ransom by terrorist groups while traveling or working abroad. This paper explores two questions relevant to policymakers and analysts assigned to kidnapping for ransom (KFR) files: why are Canadians targeted in kidnapping operations by terrorist groups; and what options are available to the Government of Canada moving forward? This paper will focus on six KFR operations carried out by Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM), the Taliban, and the Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG) between 2001 and 2017. -
Core 1..190 Hansard (PRISM::Advent3b2 10.50)
CANADA House of Commons Debates VOLUME 145 Ï NUMBER 003 Ï 3rd SESSION Ï 40th PARLIAMENT OFFICIAL REPORT (HANSARD) Friday, March 5, 2010 Speaker: The Honourable Peter Milliken CONTENTS (Table of Contents appears at back of this issue.) 79 HOUSE OF COMMONS Friday, March 5, 2010 The House met at 10 a.m. Mr. Iacobucci will report to me on the proposed redactions. He will report on whether proposed redactions genuinely relate to information that would be injurious to Canada's national security, national defence or international interests. Prayers In the case of injurious information, he will report to me on whether the information or a summary of it can be disclosed, and Ï (1000) report on the form of disclosure or any conditions on disclosure. [English] Mr. Iacobucci will prepare a report, in both official languages, that POINTS OF ORDER I will table in this House. That report will include a description of his DOCUMENTS REGARDING AFGHAN DETAINEES methodology and general findings. Hon. Rob Nicholson (Minister of Justice and Attorney I am sure that all members of the House will join me in welcoming General of Canada, CPC): Mr. Speaker, I rise on a point of this independent, comprehensive review by such an eminent jurist. order related to a motion adopted by this House on December 10 relating to the access to documents. Hon. Ralph Goodale (Wascana, Lib.): Mr. Speaker, obviously from the perspective of the official opposition, we welcome the The government acknowledges that it is appropriate that decisions remarks that the Minister of Justice has just made. -
Insight Trudeau Without Cheers Assessing 10 Years of Intergovernmental Relations
IRPP Harper without Jeers, Insight Trudeau without Cheers Assessing 10 Years of Intergovernmental Relations September 2016 | No. 8 Christopher Dunn Summary ■■ Stephen Harper’s approach to intergovernmental relations shifted somewhat from the “open federalism” that informed his initial years as prime minister toward greater multilateral engagement with provincial governments and certain unilateral moves. ■■ Harper left a legacy of smaller government and greater provincial self-reliance. ■■ Justin Trudeau focuses on collaboration and partnership, including with Indigenous peoples, but it is too early to assess results. Sommaire ■■ En matière de relations intergouvernementales, l’approche de Stephen Harper s’est progressivement éloignée du « fédéralisme ouvert » de ses premières années au pouvoir au profit d’un plus fort engagement multilatéral auprès des provinces, ponctué ici et là de poussées d’unilatéralisme. ■■ Gouvernement réduit et autonomie provinciale accrue sont deux éléments clés de l’héritage de Stephen Harper. ■■ Justin Trudeau privilégie la collaboration et les partenariats, y compris avec les peuples autochtones, mais il est encore trop tôt pour mesurer les résultats de sa démarche. WHAT HAS HAPPENED TO INTERGOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS IN CANADA? Surprises. In October 2015, we had an election with a surprise ending. The Liberal Party, which had been third in the polls for months, won a clear majority. The new prime minister, Justin Trudeau, provided more surprises, engaging in a whirl- wind of talks with first ministers as a group and with social partners that the previous government, led by Stephen Harper, had largely ignored. He promised a new covenant with Indigenous peoples, the extent of which surprised even them. Change was in the air.