Coded Wire Tag Program (ODFW)”
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ANNUAL STOCK ASSESSMENT - CODED WIRE TAG PROGRAM (ODFW) 2001 Annual Report Prepared by Mark A. Lewis Christine Mallette William M. Murray Larry R. Funston Kent E. Taylor Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife Prepared For Tom Morse, Technical Representative U.S. Department of Energy Org. Environment, Fish & Wildlife KEWB-4 Bonneville Power Administration P. O. Box 3621 Portland, OR 97208-3621 Project Number: 82-013-02 Contract Number: 00000088 Grant Number: 372000-01 March 2002 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page SUMMARY.....................................................................1 INTRODUCTION................................................................3 METHODS AND MATERIALS.......................................................3 RESULTS.....................................................................5 DISCUSSION..................................................................6 Big Creek Hatchery .......................................................13 Klaskanine Hatchery ......................................................14 Clatsop Economic Development Commission (CEDC) ...........................14 Gnat Creek Hatchery ......................................................15 Eagle Creek National Fish Hatchery .......................................15 Clackamas Hatchery .......................................................16 Marion Forks Hatchery ....................................................17 South Santiam Hatchery ...................................................18 Stayton Rearing Pond .....................................................18 Roaring River Hatchery ...................................................19 McKenzie Hatchery ........................................................19 Leaburg Hatchery .........................................................20 Willamette Hatchery ......................................................20 Sandy Hatchery ...........................................................20 Cascade Hatchery .........................................................20 Bonneville Hatchery ......................................................21 Oxbow Hatchery ...........................................................22 Round Butte Hatchery .....................................................23 Oak Springs Hatchery .....................................................23 Wizard Falls Hatchery ....................................................24 Fall River Hatchery ......................................................24 Umatilla Hatchery ........................................................24 Irrigon Hatchery .........................................................24 Lookingglass Hatchery ....................................................26 Wallowa Hatchery .........................................................26 REFERENCES.................................................................27 APPENDIX A.................................................................28 APPENDIX B.................................................................73 SUMMARY This annual report is in fulfillment of contract obligations with Bonneville Power Administration which is the funding source for the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife project “Annual Stock Assessment - Coded Wire Tag Program (ODFW)”. Results for the 2001 contract period: Objective 1 - Over 1 million juvenile salmon were coded-wire by this program (Table 1); Objective 2 – ODFW recovered and processed over 40,000 snout collected from coded-wire tagged fish (Table 2); Objective 3 - . Survival data is summarized below; Objective 4 – The last group of VIE tagged coho was released in 2001 and returning coho were samples at Sandy Hatchery. This sampling showed only 1 of 1,160 returning coho VIE marked as juveniles retained the VIE mark as adults. Fall Chinook There are three types of hatchery fall chinook released by ODFW in the Columbia basin; Tule, Upriver Bright, and Rogue River stocks. The 10 year average survival of tule stock fall chinook was less than 0.20% for all three programs (Table 3). In the ocean these fish were caught primarily in West Coast Vancouver Island and Washington coastal fisheries (Table 8). Their freshwater recoveries were almost exclusively at hatcheries (Table 9). The 10 year average survival of up-river bright stock fall chinook ranged from 0.05% for Umatilla Hatchery to 0.58% for Bonneville Hatchery fish released in the Umatilla River (Table 3). Survival of all three up-river bright hatchery programs has been low since the 1986 brood year (Table 3). Ocean catch of up-river bright stock fall chinook was mainly in Alaska, North Central British Columbia, and West Coast Vancouver Island fisheries (Table 8). Freshwater recoveries were mainly at hatcheries, but freshwater harvest was ½ or more of the number of fish that returned to the hatchery (Table 9). Recoveries in fisheries above Bonneville dam were higher for fish released above Bonneville Dam (Table 9). The 10 year average survival of Rogue River stock fall chinook released at Big Creek and in Youngs Bay was about 1.0% for both programs (Table 3). These fish were caught primarily in Oregon, and secondarily in California and Washington ocean fisheries (Table 8). However, freshwater recoveries were very different for the two groups. Fish released in Big Creek were recovered about 76% at the hatchery, 8% in gillnet fisheries and 16% in sport fisheries (Table 9). Fish released in Youngs Bay were recovered about 9% at the hatchery, 76% in gillnet fisheries and 15% in sport fisheries (Table 9). Spring Chinook A variety of stocks of spring chinook are released by ODFW hatcheries in the Columbia Basin. However, the programs can by grouped by release area; Lower River terminal areas, Willamette Basin, and Above Bonneville Dam. Willamette basin spring chinook stocks are released in Youngs Bay and South Fork Klaskanine River to provide terminal fishery opportunities. The 10 year average survival of these two groups was 0.58% and 0.05% respectively (Table 3). Very few of these fish were caught in ocean fisheries, and most of the freshwater recoveries were in lower river gillnet fisheries (Tables 8 & 9). The 10 year average survival of hatchery spring chinook released in the Willamette basin ranged from 0.49% for South Santiam Hatchery to 0.68% for Marion Forks Hatchery (Table 4). Percent survival was generally greater than 1.0% in the 1986 through 1988 1 brood years, but has been below 1.0% for all hatcheries in brood years 1989 through 1995 (Table 4). In the ocean these fish are primarily caught in Alaska, North Central British Columbia, and West Coast Vancouver Island fisheries (Table 8). Freshwater recoveries are mainly at the hatchery, while harvest accounts for 40% to 50% of the total freshwater recoveries (Table 9). Freshwater harvest of Marion Forks Hatchery spring chinook is about 65% of the total freshwater recoveries (Table 9), which may be an artifact of the hatchery adult collection methods. The 10 year average survival of hatchery spring chinook released above Bonneville Dam ranged from 0.01% for fish released in West Fork Hood River to 0.74% for fish released in the Deschutes River (Table 5). Very few of these fish are recovered in ocean fisheries (Table 8), and the few ocean recoveries observed for the 1986 through 1995 brood years occurred from Alaska to California. Freshwater recoveries were primarily at hatcheries (Table 9). However, for fish released in the Deschutes River 35% of the total freshwater recoveries were in sport, gillnet and tribal subsistence and ceremonial catch (Table 9). Fish released in the Umatilla and Imnaha Rivers had substantial recoveries on spawning ground surveys (Table 9). Steelhead The 10 year average survival of hatchery steelhead ranged from 0.26% for winter steelhead released in the East Fork Hood River to 0.53% for summer steelhead released in Big Canyon Creek on the Wallowa River (Table 6). Ocean recoveries of ODFW Columbia Basin hatchery steelhead are very rare (Table 8) and occurred mainly in commercial net fisheries in Alaska and British Columbia. Freshwater recoveries are primarily at hatcheries and fish traps, with a substantial percent of fish recovered in sport fisheries and gillnet fisheries above Bonneville Dam (Table 9). Coho Releases of coho salmon from ODFW hatcheries in the Columbia basin can be divided into three groups by release location; Above Bonneville Dam, At hatcheries below Bonneville Dam, and Terminal areas in the Columbia Estuary. Average percent survival for the last 10 years ranged from 0.31% to 0.58% for releases above Bonneville Dam, from 1.23% to 1.32% for lower river hatchery releases, and from 1.25% to 2.02% for releases in terminal areas (Table 7). Ocean recoveries of coho released in all three areas occurred primarily in Oregon and Washington Coastal fisheries, with smaller catches in California and West Coast Vancouver Island fisheries (Table 8). Although ocean recovery patterns are very similar, freshwater recovery patterns are very different for the three release areas. Coho released in estuary terminal areas are predominantly recovered in lower river gillnet and freshwater sport fisheries, with very few hatchery recoveries (Table 9). Most freshwater recoveries of fish released at hatcheries below Bonneville Dam occur at hatcheries. Freshwater harvest of these fish accounts for 20% to 30% of the total freshwater recoveries (Table 9). Percent survival to freshwater harvest of coho released above Bonneville Dam have similar to that of coho released at lower river