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Island Wide Construction Raw Material Survey Report on Monaragala District

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Island Wide Construction Raw Material Survey Report on Monaragala District ISLAND WIDE CONSTRUCTION RAW MATERIAL SURVEY REPORT ON MONARAGALA DISTRICT by D.M.S Dissanayake (Geologist) Report No: MR/CRM/12/2018 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY & MINES BUREAU No. 569, Epitamulla Road Pitakotte June 2018 1 CONTENTS Page 1.Introduction 01 2.Objectives 02 3.Area and Boundary 02 4.Location and Accessibility 02 5.Climate & Rainfall 05 6.Physiography and Drainage 05 7.Outline of Geology 06 8.Initial Study 09 9.Field Investigations 09 10.Construction Raw Material Occurrences 10 10.1 Building Materials 10 10.1.1 River Sand 10 10.1.2 Land Based Sand 16 10.1.3 Gravel and Soil Beds 18 10.1.4 Rock 20 11. Conclusion 27 12.Recommendation 29 Acknowledgements 30 References 30 2 ANNEXURES 1. Construction Raw Material Resources Map of Monaragala District. 2. The Details of newly identified rock quarries in Monaragala District. 3. The Details of newly identified Gravel Occurrences in Monaragala District. 4. The Details of newly identified Sand Deposits in Monaragala District. The Details of working Rock Quarries, Gravel Pits and Sand deposits in Monaragala District 3 Island wide Construction Raw Material Survey Report on Monaragala District 1. Introduction Over the past two decades, state as well as private sector organizations initiated rapid development work throughout the country in a large scale. Of these projects, Port City development project, construction of expressways (i.e. Northern and Central expressways, extension of Southern expressway to Hambantota and Mattala), extension of Southern Railway line from Matara to Kataragama and construction of a massive building complex for the Ministry of Defense and Three Forces Head Quarters in Pelawatta and other government office complexes in Battaramulla, construction of irrigation and hydro power projects in many parts of the country, construction of multi storied apartment complexes in urban and suburban, etc., are the most significant. For these projects, huge quantities of building raw materials (sand, rock and soil / gravel) are required. Being the regulatory authority on Mines and Minerals Act No. 33 of 1992 and amended Act No. 66 of 2009, it is the responsibility of the GSMB to identify mineral resources in the country, including building raw materials, required for various industries and development projects, initiated by the state as well as the private sector. In the recent past, the contractors of various development projects have complained about the difficulties faced by them when identifying suitable localities for extracting and supplying building raw materials needed for the major development projects, currently initiated in many parts of the country. This has resulted in delaying construction work of some of the government high priority development projects. This matter was reported to Mr. R. Paskaralingam, Senior Advisor to the Ministry of National Policies and Economic Affairs by the relevant parties at the progress review meetings of the government development projects, held at the Ministry. Subsequently a request was made to the Director General, GSMB by Mr. R. Paskaralingam, to immediately initiate an island wide survey to identify minable locations of building raw 4 materials (sand, rock and soil / gravel) and to estimate their reserves in order to use them as per the requirements of the projects. Accordingly, GSMB has commenced an island wide construction raw materials survey in early 2017. This report including maps, tables and annexes is the output of the survey in conducted Monaragala District. 2. Objectives The objectives of this survey are as follows. Conducting field surveys to identify suitable sites for mining construction raw materials. ( sand, gravel and rock) Identification of mining related issues and environmental concerns. Preparation of construction raw material resource map. Assessment of mineable quantities of construction materials in identified locations and their optimum extraction limits. 3. Area and Boundary Total land area of Monaragala District is approximately 5545.6 square kilometers. The District is bordered by Hambantota District on the South, Badulla and Ratnapura districts on the West, Ampara district on the North and East directions. The District is comprised of eleven Divisional Secretariat Divisions and situated at a distance of about 288 km from Colombo (Fig. 1). 4. Location and Accessibility The area covered by Monaragala District lies within 1:50,000 topographic sheets of Monaragala, Bibile, Buttala,Wellawaya, Ampara, Potuvil, Kataragama, Thimbolketiya and Badulla. Main city of the district is Monaragala while Bibile, Buttala, Wellawaya, 5 Kataragama, Tanamalvila and Siyambalanduwa are the other towns located within the district. Monaragala District is the second largest and one of poorly developed districts in the country. Access to the Monaragala District is mainly through Colombo-Ratnapura- Beragala-Wellayawa (A-4) main road. There is another path to access the district through Kandy, Mahiyangana and Bibile. These main roads are connected with a fair network of provincial roads (“B”,“C” & “D” grade) and Pradeshiya Sabha roads (“E” & “F” grade) existing within the District. 6 Figure 1 – Divisional Secretariat Divisions of Monaragala District 7 5. Climate Rainfall Monaragala district falls within two climatic zones. They are the intermediate zone in the northwestern hilly area and the dry zone in the southwestern and eastern sectors. The District receives around 1500 mm of rainfall in average annually. This is usually limited to 4-5 months of the year. However, one sixth of the district receives less than 1000 mm of rainfall per year. The south, south-eastern and eastern parts of the district are relatively drier than the higher north-western parts. Monthly Average Temperatures The highest average monthly temperature is recorded in the months of June, July and August (33-340C) while the lowest average monthly temperature is encountered in the months September to January (21- 220C). Monaragala has an average annual temperature, ranging from 22.5 - 27.5 oC. 6. Physiography and Drainage Physiographically most of the area covered by Monaragala District belongs to lowest peneplain of Sri Lanka. The western part of the district has a rugged topography gradually rising in elevation up to about 1400m. Major streams within the district are Menik ganga, Heda Oya, Kumbukkan Oya and Kirindi Oya. A number of small to medium scale streams are drained through the district. Walawe ganga demarcates the western boundary of the district. Most of these streams drain in N-S and SE direction and meet Ampara and Hambantota districts before discharge in to the sea in SE coastal zone. In addition, some other streams (Gala Oya, Dahamal Oya, Panmedilla Oya,etc,) flow in NE direction and discharge in to the Inginiyagala tank. 8 7. Outline of Geology There are several rock formations of different ages and the main rock formations belong to Quaternary, Tertiary, Cretaceous, Jurassic and Precambrian ages. The dominant rock type of the island is Precambrian high grade metamorphic rocks covering approximately 90% of the island. Also sedimentary rocks (approximately 10%) can be found in some parts especially north western and northern coastal areas of Sri Lanka. Few igneous intrusions can be found within the island. These metamorphic rock formations can be subdivided in to four groups of Precambrian ages namely Highland Complex (HC), Vijayan Complex(VC), Wanni Complex(WC) and Kadugannawa Complex(KC) as shown in Fig.( 1). The Highland Complex composed of super crustal rocks (garnet sillimanite gneisses, metaquartzites, marbles, calc silicate rocks), orthogneisses of largly granitoid composition, and charnockitic rocks, metamorphosed under upper amphibolites to granulite facies conditions. The main rock structure of this complex is very clear syncline and anticline folded structures with clearly defined foliation planes. The rocks of Vijayan Complex occupy most of the lowest peneplain of the Island. Main rock types of the complex are granitoids, migmatitic and granitic gneisses, augen gneisses, minor amphibolites and scattered metasediments, metamorphosed under amphibolites facies condition. Irregular pattern folds with domes and basin type structures are the main structural feature of this complex and no clear anticline and syncline structures. Eastern part (about 2/3) of the Monaragala district falls within the Vijayan Complex (VC) and isolated granitic gneiss and migmatitic rock exposures can be observed in this area. Western and Northwestern part of the district falls within the Highland Complex and Charnockite and Charnockitic gneiss mountain ridges can be found in this part of 9 district. Hard rock exposures within the eastern parts of the District are restricted to few isolated locations, of granitic gneiss, hornblende biotite gneiss or migmatitic gneiss while western part of the district contain more ridge type rock exposures of charnockites and charnockitic biotite gneisses. 10 Figure – 2: Simplified Geological Map of Sri Lanka showing Boundary of Monaragala District 11 8. Initial Study Upon awarding the study, GSMB commenced project related activities in February 2017. GSMB assigned a geologist with support staff to perform raw material survey in the district. A senior geologist was identified to co-ordinate the project related activities. Initially, all the available data on raw material occurrences within the district were collected and map showing all known locations of building raw materials of the district was prepared (both soft and
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