Cover EJHP (19 02) OFC.Indd

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Cover EJHP (19 02) OFC.Indd April 2012 Volume 19 Issue 2 1 9 2 European Journal of Volume 19 Issue 2 Pages 65–274 Hospital EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL PHARMACY April 2012 Pharmacy SCIENCE AND PRACTICE © Health Head Images / www.fotosearch.com IN THIS ISSUE EAHP 2012 Congress preview Special Patient Groups Hospital Pharmacists creating standards of care Country Focus: Italy SIFO’s Young pharmacist group Growing pains in hospital pharmacy training Career perspectives for young pharmacists Special section All congress abstracts ejhp.bmj.com CCover_EJHPover_EJHP ((19_02)_OFC.indd19_02)_OFC.indd 1 22/28/2012/28/2012 99:33:29:33:29 PPMM Contents Volume 19 Issue 2 | EJHP April 2012 Editorial Country focus: Italy 65 Special patients, specialised care 73 The young pharmacists (SIFO) 75 The role of the hospital pharmacist in chemical and biological risk management: EAHP congress previews disinfectants as an example 67 European Study for Neonatal Excipient Exposure (ESNEE) Abstracts from the 2012 EAHP 68 Clinical challenges on how to optimise the Congress use of drugs beyond the label 77 Table of contents 69 Better medicines for children 78 General information 70 Changes in development and evaluation 79 Call for abstracts – 2013 Paris of new cancer drugs: what is needed to 80 Poster award nominee oral presentations guide practice? 85 Abstracts 71 Focus on genetic screening by hospital pharmacists 263 Author index 000_EJHP0_EJHP TTOCOC & EEdd bboardoard ((19_02).indd19_02).indd 1 22/28/2012/28/2012 77:39:04:39:04 PPMM EJHP: Science and Practice The offi cial journal of the European The European Journal of Hospital Pharmacy: Association of Hospital Pharmacists (EAHP) Science and Practice offers a high-quality, peer- Editor in Chief Arnold G. Vulto (The Netherlands) reviewed platform for the publication of practical [email protected] Editors and innovative research and aims to strengthen the V'lain Fenton-May (UK) [email protected] profi le and professional status of European hospital Per Hartvig Honoré (Denmark) [email protected] pharmacists Associate Editors Nicoletta Ambrogi (Italy) International Advisory Board Members [email protected] Contact Details Jean-Daniel Hecq (Belgium) [email protected] Mike Allwood (UK) Gregory L Kearns (USA) Editorial Offi ce Ana Herranz (Spain) Jos Beijnen (Netherlands) Hans-Peter Lipp (Germany) EJHP Science and Practice Editorial Offi ce, [email protected] Jo-Anne Brien (Australia) Howard McLeod (USA) BMA House, Tavistock Square, London, Catherine Mooney (UK) WC1H 9JR, UK [email protected] Moses S S Chow (USA) Mette Rasmussen (Denmark) T: +44 (0)20 7383 6235 Stefan Mühlebach (Switzerland) Lona Christrup (Denmark) Frans F H Rutten (Netherlands) F: +44 (0)20 7383 6787/6668 [email protected] George Dranitaris (Canada) Lene Sørensen (Denmark) E: [email protected] Ute Spöhrer (Germany) Toine Egberts (Netherlands) Larry Trissel (USA) [email protected] Permissions Juraj Sykora (Slovakia) Mirjana Gasperlin (Slovenia) John Urquhart (USA) http://journals.bmj.com/misc/permissions.dtl [email protected] Nick Holford (New Zealand) Helmut Viernstein (Austria) Production Editor Jean Vigneron (France) Robert Janknegt (Netherlands) Vesna Vrca-Bacic (Croatia) [email protected] [email protected] Disclaimer Supplement Enquiries While every effort is made by publishers T: +44 (0)20 7383 6795 and editorial board to see that no F: +44 (0)20 7554 6668 inaccurate or misleading data, opinions, E: [email protected] or statements appear in this Journal, Guidelines for Authors and Reviewers they wish to make it clear that the data Subscriptions and opinions appearing in the articles and Full instructions are available online at http://ejhp.bmj. T: +44 (0)20 7383 6270 advertisements herein are the responsibility com/site/about/guidelines.xhtml. Articles must be F: +44 (0)20 7383 6402 of the contributor or advertiser concerned. submitted electronically http://mc.manuscriptcentral. E: [email protected] Accordingly, the publishers and the com/ejhpharm. Authors retain copyright the European Association of Hospital Display Advertising Sales Pharmacists (EAHP), the editorial but are required to grant EJHP an exclusive licence Nick Gray (Sales Manager) committee and their respective to publish http://group.bmj.com/products/journals/ T: +44 (0)20 7383 6386 employees, offi cers and agents, accept no instructions-for-authors/licence-forms F: +44 (0)20 7383 6556 liability whatsoever for the consequences E: [email protected] of any such inaccurate or misleading data, http://group.bmj.com/group/advertising opinion or statement. While every effort is made to ensure that drug doses and Online Advertising Sales other quantities are presented accu rately, Subscription information Marc Clifford (Sales Manager) readers are advised that new methods T: +44 (0) 20 7383 6161 and techniques involving drug usage, EJHP: Science and Practice is published bimonthly F: +44 (0) 20 7383 6556 described within this Journal, should only E: [email protected] be followed in conjunction with the drug (subscribers receive all supplements) http://group.bmj.com/group/advertising manu facturer’s own published literature. Copyright: © 2012 The European Institutional Rates Personal Rates 2012 Author Reprints Association of Hospital Pharmacists 2012 Reprint Administrator (EAHP). All rights reserved; no part of this Print (includes online access T: +44 (0)20 7383 6305 publication may be reproduced, stored in a Print and online at no extra cost) F: +44 (0)20 7554 6185 retrieval system or transmitted in any form £165; ¤190; $265 E: [email protected] or by any means, electronic, mechanical, £485; ¤550; $782 (small) photocopying, recording or otherwise Online only £590; ¤670; $952 (medium) Commercial Reprints without prior permission. £145; ¤165; $230 (except USA & Canada) The European Journal of Hospital £660; ¤750; $1064 (large) Nadia Gurney-Randall Pharmacy: Science and Practice (EJHP Online only T: +44 (0)20 8445 5825 Science and Practice) is published £420; ¤480; $675 (small) F: +44 (0)20 8445 5870 bimonthly by BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, M: 07866 262344 typeset by Newgen and printed in the UK £530; ¤600; $855 (medium) E: [email protected] on acid-free paper from sustainable forests £600; ¤680; $968 (large) by Latimer Trend & Co Ltd, Plymouth, UK. Commercial Reprints (USA & Canada) The European Journal of Hospital Marsha Fogler Pharmacy: Science and Practice (EJHP T: +1 800 482 1450 (toll free in the USA) Science and Practice) (ISSN No: ISSN 2047-9956 (print), 2047-9964 (online) T: +1 856 489 4446 (outside the USA) 2047-9956) is distributed in the USA F: +1 856 489 4449 by Air Business Ltd. Periodicals postage Personal print or online only and institutional print subscriptions may E: [email protected] paid at Jamaica NY 11431. POSTMASTER: be purchased online at http://group.bmj.com/group/subs-sales/ send address changes to The European subscriptions (payment by Mastercard/Visa only). Journal of Hospital Pharmacy: Science and Residents of some EC countries must pay VAT; for details, call us or visit Practice, Air Business Ltd, c/o Worldnet www.bmj.com/subscriptions/vatandpaymentinfo.dtl Shipping Inc., 156-15, 146th Avenue, 2nd Floor, Jamaica, NY 11434, USA 000_EJHP0_EJHP TTOCOC & EEdd bboardoard ((19_02).indd19_02).indd 2 22/28/2012/28/2012 77:39:05:39:05 PPMM Editorial Special patients, specialised care Arnold G Vulto In most European countries, pharmacy An important feature of hospital pharmacy possibly also published studies, the situation students spend some time in hospital is the specialised pharmaceutical care we is not ideal. The reason is wider than just lack pharmacies to learn more about the different offer to sometimes very special patients that of knowledge. The current situation around forms of practice they can choose once may not be found in standard textbooks. clinical trials approval and drug legislation is qualified as a pharmacist. Also, in our It is therefore very timely that counterproductive to getting drugs researched pharmacy, we welcome several students the European Association of Hospital and licensed for small populations. Drug each year for an 8–10 week internship. Over Pharmacists (EAHP) has chosen ‘Special licensing is in the hands of a license holder, the years we have developed an intense Patient Groups – hospital pharmacists almost exclusively the pharmaceutical programme to show these students how creating standards of care’ as a theme for industry. Drug research and licensing is the theory of their studies is applied in the the 2012 annual congress. The congress very costly, and companies will look at cost practice of hospital pharmacy. At the end of programme highlights traditional special effectiveness before embarking on a clinical the internship we ask them to write a brief groups, such as children and geriatric study and applying for a license extension essay, answering four questions: patients but newer concepts will also be to smaller patient groups. I am curious what discussed. To mention just a few: care after kind of solutions the speakers of the seminar ▶ Describe the concepts behind the management of our hospital pharmacy transplantation, the limits of treatment, (Compassionate use and off-label medicines) compassionate drug use, the difficulties in will present for this dilemma. ▶ How can you justify the employment of 30 pharmacists (which to Dutch assessing the real value of new treatments An important new feature in our journal standards is quite high for a 1200 bed and the potential of genetic screening of is that all abstracts for poster and oral university hospital)? patients. Although we expect well above presentations that have been accepted by 2000 hospital pharmacists to participate the congress Scientific Committee will be ▶ Please provide some recommendations on how we can do a better job in the conference, the majority of EAHP published in EJHP. Hence these abstracts will members will be dependent on the journal be easily accessible for all members, and not ▶ Can you describe some essential differences between community to savour some of the highlights of the just those attending the congress.
Recommended publications
  • Technical Information
    Technical Information Antibiotic Assay Medium No.1 (Seed Agar) Product Code : DM1003 Application: - Antibiotic Assay Medium No.1 (Seed Agar) is used in the microbiological assay of beta-lactam and other antibiotics. Composition** Ingredients Gms / Litre Peptic digest of animal tissue (Peptone) 6.000 or detecting faecal coliforms drinking in water waste water, seawater and foods samples by MPN Method. Casein enzymic hydrolysate 4.000 Yeast extract 3.000 Beef extract 1.500 Dextrose 1.000 Agar 15.000 Final pH (at 25°C) 6.6±0.2 **Formula adjusted, standardized to suit performance parameters Principle & Interpretation The potency of an antibiotic can be determined by chemical, physical and biological methods. An assay is performed to determine the ability of an antibiotic to kill or inhibit the growth of living microorganisms. Biological tests offer the most convenient m eans of performing an assay (1), since a reduction in the antimicrobial activity of a specific antibiotic reveals changes that is not usually displayed by chemical methods (2). Antibacterial susceptibility testing may be performed by either dilution (turbidimetric) or diffusion methods. The choice o f methodology is based on many factors, including ease of performance, flexibility and use of automated or semi-automated devices for both identification and susceptibility testing (3). Grove and Randall have elucidated antibiotic assays and media in their comprehensive treatise on antibiotic assays (4). Antibiotic Assay Medium No.1 is used in the microbiological assay of ß-lactam and other antibiotics. These media are prepared according to the specifications detailed in various pharmacopoeias (2-6) and by the FDA (7).
    [Show full text]
  • (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2010/0311655 A1 Leonard Et Al
    US 20100311655A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2010/0311655 A1 Leonard et al. (43) Pub. Date: Dec. 9, 2010 (54) INTRANASAL CARBETOCIN Related U.S. Application Data FORMULATIONS AND METHODS FOR THE TREATMENT OF AUTISM (60) Provisional application No. 60/942,607, filed on Jun. 7, 2007. (75) Inventors: Alexis Kays Leonard, Maple Valley, WA (US); Joshua O. Publication Classification Sestak, Lawrence, KS (US); Henry R. Costantino, Woodinville, WA (51) Int. Cl. (US); Anthony P. Sileno, A638/II (2006.01) Brookhaven Hamlet, NY (US); A6IP 25/22 (2006.01) Lalit Raj Peddakota, San Diego, A6IP 25/24 (2006.01) CA (US); Kayvon Emile Sharghi, A6IP 25/18 (2006.01) Seattle, WA (US); Garland M. (52) U.S. Cl. ....................................................... 514/11.6 Bellamy, Bothell, WA (US); Jason Philip Gesty, Seattle, WA (US) (57) ABSTRACT Correspondence Address: Methods and compositions containing oxytocin oran oxyto Eckman Basu LLP cin analog. Such as carbetocin, are provided for the prevention 2225 E. Bayshore Road, Suite 200 and treatment of autism spectrum disorders, related disorders Palo Alto, CA 94.303-3220 (US) and symptoms of Such disorders. The methods and composi tions of this disclosure are effective in the treatment of social (73) Assignee: MDRNA, INC. Bothell, WA (US) withdrawal, eye contact avoidance, repetitive behaviors, (21) Appl. No.: 12/599,267 anxiety, attention deficit, hyperactivity, depression, loss of speech, Verbal communication difficulties, aversion to touch, (22) PCT Filed: Sep. 28, 2007 visual difficulties, comprehension difficulties, and Sound and light sensitivity. Additional compositions and methods are (86). PCT No.: PCT/US07f79994 provided which employ oxytocin or an oxytocin analog in combination with a secondary or adjunctive therapeutic agent S371 (c)(1), to yield more effective treatment tools against autism spec (2), (4) Date: Jul.
    [Show full text]
  • (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,662.400 B2 Smith Et Al
    USOO9662400B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,662.400 B2 Smith et al. (45) Date of Patent: *May 30, 2017 (54) METHODS FOR PRODUCING A (2013.01); C08B 37/003 (2013.01); C08L 5/08 BODEGRADABLE CHITOSAN (2013.01); A6 IK 38/00 (2013.01); A61 L COMPOSITION AND USES THEREOF 2300/404 (2013.01) (58) Field of Classification Search (71) Applicant: University of Memphis Research CPC ...... A61K 47/36; A61K 31/00; A61K 9/7007; Foundation, Memphis, TN (US) A61K 9/0024; A61 L 15/28: A61L 27/20; A61L 27/58: A61L 31/042; C08B 37/003 (72) Inventors: James Keaton Smith, Memphis, TN USPC ................................ 514/23, 40, 777; 536/20 (US); Ashley C. Parker, Memphis, TN See application file for complete search history. (US); Jessica A. Jennings, Memphis, (56) References Cited TN (US); Benjamin T. Reves, Memphis, TN (US); Warren O. U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS Haggard, Bartlett, TN (US) 4,895,724. A * 1/1990 Cardinal .............. A61K9/0024 424,278.1 (73) Assignee: The University of Memphis Research 5,541,233 A 7/1996 Roenigk Foundation, Memphis, TN (US) 5,958,443 A 9/1999 Viegas et al. 6,699,287 B2 3/2004 Son et al. (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 6,989,157 B2 1/2006 Gillis et al. patent is extended or adjusted under 35 7,371.403 B2 5/2008 McCarthy et al. 2003, OO15825 A1 1/2003 Sugie et al. U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. 2003/0206958 A1 11/2003 Cattaneo et al.
    [Show full text]
  • ( 12 ) United States Patent
    US009566311B2 (12 ) United States Patent ( 10 ) Patent No. : US 9 , 566 ,311 B2 Siekmann et al. (45 ) Date of Patent: Feb . 14 , 2017 ( 54 ) PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION ( 56 ) References Cited (75 ) Inventors : Britta Siekmann , Lomma ( SE ) ; U . S . PATENT DOCUMENTS Mattias Malm , Copenhagen (DK ) ; 7 ,635 ,473 B2 * 12 /2009 Warne et al. .. .. .. .. 424 / 133 . 1 Anders Nilsson , Copenhagen (DK ) ; 2001/ 0027177 Al 10 / 2001 Woodrow Kazimierz Wisniewski, Copenhagen 2003 /0119728 A1 6 / 2003 Scheidl et al . 2003/ 0138417 A1 7 / 2003 Kaisheva et al. (DK ) 2004/ 0235956 A1 * 11/ 2004 Quay .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 514 /573 ( 73 ) Assignee : Ferring B . V ., Hoofddorp (NL ) FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS ( * ) Notice : Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this EP 0916347 A15 / 1999 patent is extended or adjusted under 35 EP 2174652 A2 4 / 2010 U . S . C . 154 (b ) by 0 days . WO W09501185 * 1 / 1995 A61K 38 / 11 WO W09501185 A11 / 1995 WO 2004062689 AL 7 /2004 ( 21 ) Appl. No. : 13 /824 , 132 WO WO2008042452 A 4 / 2008 WO WO 2008150305 A1 * 12 /2008 A61K 9 /08 ( 22 ) PCT Filed : Sep . 29 , 2011 WO WO2008150305 Al 12 /2008 WO WO2009122285 * 10 / 2009 .. .. CO7K 7 / 16 ( 86 ) PCT No. : PCT/ IB2011 / 002394 WO WO2009122285 A8 12 / 2009 $ 371 ( c ) ( 1 ), OTHER PUBLICATIONS ( 2 ) , ( 4 ) Date : May 3 , 2013 Remington : The Science and Practice of Pharmacy , Alfonso R . (87 ) PCT Pub. No. : W02012 /042371 Gennaro , Ed ., 20th Edition , 2000 , (only pp . 245, 1690 provided herewith ) . * PCT Pub . Date : Apr. 5 , 2012 Product Monograph Duratocin , Ferring Inc . Mar. 29 , 2006 revi sion. * (65 ) Prior Publication Data Hawe et al .
    [Show full text]
  • DURATOCIN® Vial
    PRODUCT MONOGRAPH INCLUDING PATIENT MEDICATION INFORMATION PrDURATOCIN® Carbetocin Injection 1 mL vial, 100 mcg / mL Intravenous and intramuscular use Uterotonic Agent Ferring Inc. Date of Initial Approval: 200 Yorkland Boulevard JUN 20, 1997 Suite 500 North York, ON Date of Revision: FEB 21, 2020 M2J 5C1 Submission Control No: 225949 DURATOCIN Page 1 of 25 RECENT MAJOR LABEL CHANGES INDICATIONS FEB 2020 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION FEB 2020 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS, General FEB 2020 TABLE OF CONTENTS RECENT MAJOR LABEL CHANGES ......................................................................................2 TABLE OF CONTENTS ..............................................................................................................2 PART I: HEALTH PROFESSIONAL INFORMATION ............................................................4 1 INDICATIONS....................................................................................................................4 1.1 Pediatrics ....................................................................................................................4 1.2 Geriatrics ....................................................................................................................4 2 CONTRAINDICATIONS ..................................................................................................4 3 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION ...............................................................................4 4 OVERDOSAGE .................................................................................................................5
    [Show full text]
  • E001466.Full.Pdf
    Editorial BMJ Glob Health: first published as 10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001466 on 11 April 2019. Downloaded from WHO recommendations on uterotonics for postpartum haemorrhage prevention: what works, and which one? Joshua P Vogel, 1,2 Myfanwy Williams,3 Ioannis Gallos,4 Fernando Althabe,1 Olufemi T Oladapo1 To cite: Vogel JP, THE GLOBAL BURDEN OF POSTPARTUM trials of tranexamic acid for PPH treatment Williams M, Gallos I, et al. HAEMORRHAGE and a heat-stable formulation of carbetocin WHO recommendations on 6–12 uterotonics for postpartum Obstetric haemorrhage, especially post- for PPH prevention. The increasing haemorrhage prevention: partum haemorrhage (PPH), was responsible number of PPH prevention and management what works, and which for more than a quarter of the estimated 303 options makes it challenging for providers one?BMJ Glob Health 000 maternal deaths that occurred globally in and health system stakeholders to choose 2019;4:e001466. doi:10.1136/ 2015.1 PPH—commonly defined as a blood where and how to invest limited resources in bmjgh-2019-001466 loss of 500 mL or more within 24 hours after order to optimise health outcomes. birth—affects about 6% of all women giving Multiple uterotonics have been eval- Handling editor Seye Abimbola birth.1 Uterine atony is the most common uated for PPH prevention over the past Received 4 February 2019 cause of PPH, but it can also be caused by four decades, including oxytocin receptor Revised 10 March 2019 genital tract trauma, retained placental tissue agonists (oxytocin and carbetocin), prosta- Accepted 16 March 2019 or maternal bleeding disorders. The majority glandin analogues (misoprostol, sulprostone, of women who experience PPH have no iden- carboprost), ergot alkaloids (such as ergo- tifiable risk factor, meaning that PPH preven- metrine/methylergometrine) and combina- tion programmes rely on universal use of PPH tions of these (oxytocin plus ergometrine, © Author(s) (or their prophylaxis for all women in the immediate or oxytocin plus misoprostol).
    [Show full text]
  • Oxytocin Carbetocin
    CARBETOCIN To prevent life-threatening pregnanCy CompliCations Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is commonly defined as a blood loss of at least 500 ml within 24 hours after birth, and affects about 5% of all women giving birth around the world. Globally, nearly one quarter of all maternal deaths are associated with PPH, and in most low-income countries it is the main cause of maternal mortality. The use of good quality prophylactic uterotonics can avoid the majority of PPH-associated complications during the third stage of labor (the time between the birth of the baby and complete expulsion of the placenta). In settings where oxytocin is unavailable or its quality cannot be guaranteed, the use of other injectable uterotonics (carbetocin, or if appropriate ergometrine/methylergometrine, or oxytocin and ergometrine fixed-dose combination) or oral misoprostol is recommended for the prevention of PPH. The use of carbetocin (100 μg, IM/IV) is recommended for the prevention of PPH for all births in contexts where its cost is comparable to other effective uterotonics. Carbetocin is only recommended for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage and not recommended for other obstetric indications, such as labor induction, labor augmentation or treatment of PPH. OXYTOCIN Mode of Action CARBETOCIN Synthetic cyclic peptide form of the Long-acting synthetic analogue of naturally occurring posterior oxytocin with agonist properties. pituitary hormone. Binds to oxytocin Binds to oxytocin receptors in the receptors in the uterine myometrium, uterine smooth muscle, resulting in stimulating contraction of this rhythmic contractions, increased uterine smooth muscle by increasing frequency of existing contractions, the sodium permeability of uterine and increased uterine tone.
    [Show full text]
  • Antibiotic Assay Medium No. 3 (Assay Broth) Is Used for Microbiological Assay of Antibiotics. M042
    HiMedia Laboratories Technical Data Antibiotic Assay Medium No. 3 (Assay Broth) is used for M042 microbiological assay of antibiotics. Antibiotic Assay Medium No. 3 (Assay Broth) is used for microbiological assay of antibiotics. Composition** Ingredients Gms / Litre Peptic digest of animal tissue (Peptone) 5.000 Beef extract 1.500 Yeast extract 1.500 Dextrose 1.000 Sodium chloride 3.500 Dipotassium phosphate 3.680 Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.320 Final pH ( at 25°C) 7.0±0.2 **Formula adjusted, standardized to suit performance parameters Directions Suspend 17.5 grams in 1000 ml distilled water. Heat if necessary to dissolve the medium completely. Sterilize by autoclaving at 15 lbs pressure (121°C) for 15 minutes. Advice:Recommended for the Microbiological assay of Amikacin, Bacitracin, Capreomycin, Chlortetracycline,Chloramphenicol,Cycloserine,Demeclocycline,Dihydrostreptomycin, Doxycycline, Gentamicin, Gramicidin, Kanamycin, Methacycline, Neomycin, Novobiocin, Oxytetracycline, Rolitetracycline, Streptomycin, Tetracycline, Tobramycin, Trolendomycin and Tylosin according to official methods . Principle And Interpretation Antibiotic Assay Medium is used in the performance of antibiotic assays. Grove and Randall have elucidated those antibiotic assays and media in their comprehensive treatise on antibiotic assays (1). Antibiotic Assay Medium No. 3 (Assay Broth) is used in the microbiological assay of different antibiotics in pharmaceutical and food products by the turbidimetric method. Ripperre et al reported that turbidimetric methods for determining the potency of antibiotics are inherently more accurate and more precise than agar diffusion procedures (2). Turbidimetric antibiotic assay is based on the change or inhibition of growth of a test microorganims in a liquid medium containing a uniform concentration of an antibiotic. After incubation of the test organism in the working dilutions of the antibiotics, the amount of growth is determined by measuring the light transmittance using spectrophotometer.
    [Show full text]
  • Prediction of Premature Termination Codon Suppressing Compounds for Treatment of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Using Machine Learning
    Prediction of Premature Termination Codon Suppressing Compounds for Treatment of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy using Machine Learning Kate Wang et al. Supplemental Table S1. Drugs selected by Pharmacophore-based, ML-based and DL- based search in the FDA-approved drugs database Pharmacophore WEKA TF 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3- 5-O-phosphono-alpha-D- (phospho-rac-(1-glycerol)) ribofuranosyl diphosphate Acarbose Amikacin Acetylcarnitine Acetarsol Arbutamine Acetylcholine Adenosine Aldehydo-N-Acetyl-D- Benserazide Acyclovir Glucosamine Bisoprolol Adefovir dipivoxil Alendronic acid Brivudine Alfentanil Alginic acid Cefamandole Alitretinoin alpha-Arbutin Cefdinir Azithromycin Amikacin Cefixime Balsalazide Amiloride Cefonicid Bethanechol Arbutin Ceforanide Bicalutamide Ascorbic acid calcium salt Cefotetan Calcium glubionate Auranofin Ceftibuten Cangrelor Azacitidine Ceftolozane Capecitabine Benserazide Cerivastatin Carbamoylcholine Besifloxacin Chlortetracycline Carisoprodol beta-L-fructofuranose Cilastatin Chlorobutanol Bictegravir Citicoline Cidofovir Bismuth subgallate Cladribine Clodronic acid Bleomycin Clarithromycin Colistimethate Bortezomib Clindamycin Cyclandelate Bromotheophylline Clofarabine Dexpanthenol Calcium threonate Cromoglicic acid Edoxudine Capecitabine Demeclocycline Elbasvir Capreomycin Diaminopropanol tetraacetic acid Erdosteine Carbidopa Diazolidinylurea Ethchlorvynol Carbocisteine Dibekacin Ethinamate Carboplatin Dinoprostone Famotidine Cefotetan Dipyridamole Fidaxomicin Chlormerodrin Doripenem Flavin adenine dinucleotide
    [Show full text]
  • Linezolid - Tigecycline
    Linezolid - Tigecycline Paul M. Tulkens, MD, PhD Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology Louvain Drug Research Institute Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium With the support of Wallonie-Bruxelles-International 12-11-2015 WBI - HUP Cooperation - Bach Mai Hospital 1 Dong-A pharmaceuticals and tedizolid: step #1 12-11-2015 WBI - HUP Cooperation - Bach Mai Hospital 2 Mode of action: • Protein synthesis inhibition: LZD binds to the 23S portion of the ribosomal 50S subunit (the centre of peptidyl transferase activity) → no initial complex 12-11-2015 WBI - HUP Cooperation - Bach Mai Hospital 3 RNA interaction Karen L. Leach et al, Molecular Cell (2007) 26,393-402 12-11-2015 WBI - HUP Cooperation - Bach Mai Hospital 4 Spectrum of activity No useful activity against other Gram-negative organisms because of constitutive efflux ! 12-11-2015 WBI - HUP Cooperation - Bach Mai Hospital 5 Registered clinical indications Linezolid is often used off-label (endocarditis, osteomyelitis, ….) in pace of vancomycin 12-11-2015 WBI - HUP Cooperation - Bach Mai Hospital 6 Linzezolid: mechanism of resistance 12-11-2015 WBI - HUP Cooperation - Bach Mai Hospital 7 Can linzolid induce resistance ? 12-11-2015 WBI - HUP Cooperation - Bach Mai Hospital 8 Linzolid can induce resistance… Locke et al. Antimicrob Agent Chemother 2009;53:5265-5274. 12-11-2015 WBI - HUP Cooperation - Bach Mai Hospital 9 Linezolid pharmacokinetics 12-11-2015 WBI - HUP Cooperation - Bach Mai Hospital 10 Linezolid human pharmacokinetics Oral therapeutic doses (600mg linezolid q12h for 21 days) Linezolid Tedizolid MIC 90 MIC90 Muñoz et al. ECCMID 2010; P1594 Flanagan SD, et al. Pharmacotherapy 2014;34(3):240–250.
    [Show full text]
  • Application of Various Chemotherapeutic Agents in Experimental Bovine Anaplasmosis S.K
    APPLICATION OF VARIOUS CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS IN EXPERIMENTAL BOVINE ANAPLASMOSIS S.K. Sharma, D.P. Banerjee, O.P. Gautam To cite this version: S.K. Sharma, D.P. Banerjee, O.P. Gautam. APPLICATION OF VARIOUS CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS IN EXPERIMENTAL BOVINE ANAPLASMOSIS. Annales de Recherches Vétérinaires, INRA Editions, 1977, 8 (3), pp.307-313. hal-00900943 HAL Id: hal-00900943 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00900943 Submitted on 1 Jan 1977 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. APPLICATION OF VARIOUS CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS IN EXPERIMENTAL BOVINE ANAPLASMOSIS S.K. SHARMA, D.P. BANERJEE O.P. GAUTAM Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Sciences, Haryana Agricultural University, Hlssar-125004, Haryana, India ’ Résumé UTILISATION DE DIVERS AGENTS CHIMIOTHERAPEUTIQUES AU COURS DE L’ANAPLAS- MOSE BOVINE EXPERIMENTALE. ― Un essai de traitement a été réalisé avec différents agents ehimiothérapeutiques, sur des cas cliniques ou des porteurs inapparents d’ana- plasmose bovine expérimentale. La Dithiosemicarbazone (associée à l’Oxytétracycline), le Chloramphénicol et la Rolitétracycline ont très efficacement entraîné la guérison clinique et l’élimination des agents pathogènes. L’imidocarb a entraîné la guérison clinique sans supprimer complètement les microorganismes.
    [Show full text]
  • Tigecycline: a Igecycline
    Molecules of the Millennium Tigecycline: A novel glycylcycline antibioticantibiotic Tetracycline antibiotics were first isolated at Lederle to occur.[5] Tigecycline is also active against organisms that Laboratories in 1945 and represented a significant display efflux-based resistance, which may be because of the advancement in the treatment of many infections. However, inability of the glycylcyclines to induce tetracycline efflux due to an increased incidence of resistance among various proteins, or because the efflux protein cannot export bacteria, the use of tetracyclines has been relegated to second tigecycline.[6] and third-line categories for most clinical indications. The two The binding site of tigecycline on the ribosome is common major mechanisms of resistance include tetracycline efflux to tetracyclines, but tigecycline binds 5-fold more strongly to and ribosomal protection, where tetracycline is prevented from the ribosome than tetracyclines and this enhanced binding is, binding to the ribosome. Research to find tetracycline probably, responsible for overcoming the ribosomal protection analogues, that circumvented these resistance mechanisms, mechanisms of tetracycline resistance.[5] The action of has led to the development of a novel group of drugs called tigecycline is bacteriostatic in nature, which is likely due to its glycylcyclines, the most promising compound being the 9-tert­ reversible interaction with the ribosome.[5] Its efficacy suggests butyl glycyclamido derivative of minocycline-tigecycline (GAR­ that traditional thinking about using bacteriostatic drugs in 936). treating serious infections needs to be revised.[7] Chemistry Antimicrobial activity The nucleus consists of four linear fused tetracyclic rings In vitro antibacterial activity of tigecycline has been and there is the addition of N, N-dimethylglycylamido (DMG) assessed against clinical isolates as a part of ongoing TEST group at C-9 position of minocycline.[1] initiative (Tigecycline Evaluation Surveillance Trial).
    [Show full text]