Baywide Water Quality Monitoring Program Milestone Report No.5

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Baywide Water Quality Monitoring Program Milestone Report No.5 BAYWIDE WATER QUALITY MONITORING PROGRAM MILESTONE REPORT NO.5 MARCH 2010 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Port Phillip Bay (PPB) is a large, shallow, almost landlocked bay under the influence of substantial urbanisation. Maintaining the key environmental processes of PPB is essential for sustainability. Water quality is important to a variety of assets, values and uses of PPB. There are several factors that can influence water quality in PPB, including: • Exchanges between the water column, sediment and atmosphere • Tidal flushing from Bass Strait • Sediment, nutrient and toxicant loads in freshwater inflows, particularly from the Yarra River • Discharges from industry and other users. These influences are reflected in the spatial and temporal variability of water quality parameters such as toxicants, nutrients and turbidity. This is the context for the Water Quality Baywide Monitoring Program (WQBMP) associated with the Channel Deepening Project (CDP). The WQBMP has been monitoring water quality in PPB on a monthly basis since November 2007, three months prior to the commencement of dredging activities for the CDP. Generally, the results of water quality monitoring in PPB over this period are within natural variability and the expected effects of the CDP, as determined by historical range and associated statistical analyses. For the most part, water quality was within levels of accepted guidelines. EPA identified no major areas of concern from assessment of the five month reporting period, August – December 2009. The results reported here are consistent with an understanding of water quality in PPB derived from earlier studies and other monitoring programs. Water quality in PPB during this period has been noticeably influenced by the increased catchment inflows as a result of rainfall exceeding the long term monthly average in September and November 2009. The results from this and other programs designed to monitor the health of PPB have indicated that changes in key environmental processes and assets are within the natural variability expected for PPB. Water quality throughout PPB remains as high as it has been for at least the past 20 years and is sufficient for maintaining assets and beneficial uses. 2 Table of Contents Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................................................ 2 1. Introduction................................................................................................................................................................ 7 1.1 Water Quality Baywide Monitoring Program .................................................................................................... 7 1.2 Methods and Results ....................................................................................................................................... 7 1.3 Purpose of this Report ..................................................................................................................................... 8 2. Port Phillip Bay Dynamics..........................................................................................................................................9 3. Discussion ............................................................................................................................................................... 10 4. Conclusions ............................................................................................................................................................. 19 5. References .............................................................................................................................................................. 21 5. References .............................................................................................................................................................. 21 Appendix 1 - Background.................................................................................................................................................. 25 EPA’s Role in Monitoring Water Quality in Port Phillip Bay .......................................................................................... 25 Appendix 2 - Methods ....................................................................................................................................................... 28 Sampling Locations ...................................................................................................................................................... 28 Field Sampling.............................................................................................................................................................. 29 Laboratory Analysis...................................................................................................................................................... 31 Data Assessment Methods........................................................................................................................................... 31 External Data Sources.................................................................................................................................................. 34 Appendix 3 - Results ......................................................................................................................................................... 38 Field Sampling.............................................................................................................................................................. 38 Quality Assurance/Control (QA/QC)............................................................................................................................. 39 Exception reports ......................................................................................................................................................... 39 Results from Progress Reports .................................................................................................................................... 39 Appendix 4 - QA/QC data and discussion......................................................................................................................... 79 Appendix 5 - Results outside of natural/expected variability ............................................................................................. 82 Appendix 6. - Summary Statistics (January – December 2009)........................................................................................ 87 Appendix 7. - Errata .......................................................................................................................................................... 99 List of Tables Table A1.1 SEPP (WoV) objectives and ANZECC trigger values ..................................................................................... 27 Table A2.1 Locations and corresponding SEPP (WoV) segments.................................................................................... 28 Table A2.2 EWMA control limits for listed water quality parameters ................................................................................. 32 Table A2.3 Shewhart control limits for listed water quality parameters ............................................................................. 33 Table A3.1 Field sampling dates and weather conditions (August – December 2009) ..................................................... 38 Table A3.2 Summary of Exception Reports (August – December 2009) .......................................................................... 39 Table A3.3 Summary of exceedence of control limits for physico-chemical data and nutrients (August – December 2009) .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 41 Table A3.4 Summary of exceedence of control limits for metals (August – December 2009)........................................... 42 Table A3.5 Temperature stratification in PPB (August – December 2009) ....................................................................... 53 Table A3.6 Phytoplankton, chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll fluorescence at the Yarra River at Newport (November – December 2009) ............................................................................................................................................................... 71 Table A4.1Nutrient replicate results outside of the laboratory MU (August – December 2009)......................................... 81 Table A5.1 PoMC Assessment (August - December 2009) .............................................................................................. 83 Table A6.1 Yarra River at Newport summary statistics – Schedule F7 Yarra Port Segment Objectives........................... 87 Table A6.2 Yarra River at Newport summary statistics – Schedule F6 Hobsons Segment objectives.............................. 87 Table A6.3 Hobsons Bay summary statistics .................................................................................................................... 89 Table A6.4 Corio Bay summary statistics.......................................................................................................................... 90 3 Table A6.5 Long Reef summary statistics........................................................................................................................
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