Rediscovering Earthworms
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Rec. zool. Surv. India: l08(Part-3) : 21-25,2008 EARTHWORMS OF NORTH 24 PARGANAS, WEST BENGAL PROBIR K. BANDYOPADHYAY*, C. K. MANDAL** AND AMLAN K. MITRA* * Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani-74I 235, West Bengal, India INTRODUCTION Soil animals may play a range of roles in vineyards. Decomposers (some of which are opportunistic herbivores) are important in nutrient dynamics, because by reducing organic matter to its constituents, they liberate nutrients usable by grapevines. Earthworms are only part of the complex of organisms termed "decomposers" in agroecology. As noted by Charles Darwin in his 1882 classic, The Fonnation of Vegetable Mould Through the Action of Earthworms with Observations on Their Habits (Werner, 1990), earthworms process huge quantities of plant litter and help to convert it into rich topsoil, liberating nutrients for renewed plant growth. More recent studies show that earthworms can help to reduce soil compaction, improving permeability and aeration. Earthworms do this through burrowing activities, ingestion of soil along with plant debris, and subsequent excretion of casts. Upon drying, these casts form water-stable soil aggregates. These aggregates are clumps of soil particles bound together by organic compounds, and their presence helps to improve soil structure, retain nutrients that might otherwise be leached, and reduce the threat of erosion (Lee, 1985). Earthworms are increasingly recognized as indicators of agro-ecosystem health and as important tools for ensuring soil improvement and efficient nutrient cycling. In India, due to continuous biodiversity surveys of earthworms number of new species IS increasing day by day, although in comparison to more than 3000 global species (Stephenson, 1923), the number of Indian species is far less (only 390). -
Annelida, Lumbricidae) - Description Based on Morphological and Molecular Data
A new earthworm species within a controversial genus: Eiseniona gerardoi sp. n. (Annelida, Lumbricidae) - description based on morphological and molecular data The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Díaz Cosín, Darío J., Marta Novo, Rosa Fernández, Daniel Fernández Marchán, and Mónica Gutiérrez. 2014. “A new earthworm species within a controversial genus: Eiseniona gerardoi sp. n. (Annelida, Lumbricidae) - description based on morphological and molecular data.” ZooKeys (399): 71-87. doi:10.3897/zookeys.399.7273. http:// dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.399.7273. Published Version doi:10.3897/zookeys.399.7273 Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:12406906 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 399: A71–87 new (2014) earthworm species within a controversial genus: Eiseniona gerardoi sp. n... 71 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.399.7273 RESEARCH ARTICLE www.zookeys.org Launched to accelerate biodiversity research A new earthworm species within a controversial genus: Eiseniona gerardoi sp. n. (Annelida, Lumbricidae) - description based on morphological and molecular data Darío J. Díaz Cosín1,†, Marta Novo1,2,‡, Rosa Fernández1,3,§, Daniel Fernández Marchán1,|, Mónica Gutiérrez1,¶ 1 -
Oligochaeta: Glossoscolecidae) in the Amazon Region of Colombia
Zootaxa 3458: 103–119 (2012) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2012 · Magnolia Press Article ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:AF03126F-70F3-4696-A73B-0DF6B6C494CE New species of earthworms (Oligochaeta: Glossoscolecidae) in the Amazon region of Colombia ALEXANDER FEIJOO M1. & LILIANA V. CELIS2 1 Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, A.A. 097, Pereira, Colombia; E-mail: [email protected] 2 Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá Abstract Three new and four known species of earthworms (Oligochaeta: Glossoscolecidae) from the department of Caquetá in Colombia’s Amazon region were studied. Species belong to the following three families: Glossoscolecidae: Andiodrilus nonuya sp. nov., Andiorrhinus (Turedrilus) yukuna sp. nov., Pontoscolex (Pontoscolex) bora sp. nov., and Pontoscolex corethrurus (Müller, 1857); Acanthodrilidae: Dichogaster (Diplothecodrilus) affinis (Michaelsen, 1890), Dichogaster (Diplothecodrilus) bolaui (Michaelsen, 1891), and Dichogaster (Diplothecodrilus) saliens (Beddard, 1893); and Ocnerodrilidae: Ocnerodrilus occidentalis Eisen, 1878. With these new records, the earthworm fauna of Colombia now contains 139 species. Keys to differentiate species of Andiodrilus Michaelsen, 1900, Andiorrhinus (Turedrilus) Righi, 1993, and Pontoscolex (Pontoscolex) (Müller, 1857) are provided. Key words. Andiodrilus, Andiorrhinus, Pontoscolex, Clitellata, Caquetá, Amazonia Resumen Se estudiaron tres especies nuevas y cuatro conocidas -
Taxonomic Assessment of Lumbricidae (Oligochaeta) Earthworm Genera Using DNA Barcodes
European Journal of Soil Biology 48 (2012) 41e47 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect European Journal of Soil Biology journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/ejsobi Original article Taxonomic assessment of Lumbricidae (Oligochaeta) earthworm genera using DNA barcodes Marcos Pérez-Losada a,*, Rebecca Bloch b, Jesse W. Breinholt c, Markus Pfenninger b, Jorge Domínguez d a CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal b Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Lab Centre, Biocampus Siesmayerstraße, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany c Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602-5181, USA d Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, E-36310, Spain article info abstract Article history: The family Lumbricidae accounts for the most abundant earthworms in grasslands and agricultural Received 26 May 2011 ecosystems in the Paleartic region. Therefore, they are commonly used as model organisms in studies of Received in revised form soil ecology, biodiversity, biogeography, evolution, conservation, soil contamination and ecotoxicology. 14 October 2011 Despite their biological and economic importance, the taxonomic status and evolutionary relationships Accepted 14 October 2011 of several Lumbricidae genera are still under discussion. Previous studies have shown that cytochrome c Available online 30 October 2011 Handling editor: Stefan Schrader oxidase I (COI) barcode phylogenies are informative at the intrageneric level. Here we generated 19 new COI barcodes for selected Aporrectodea specimens in Pérez-Losada et al. [1] including nine species and 17 Keywords: populations, and combined them with all the COI sequences available in Genbank and Briones et al. -
Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research Identification Of
Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2016, 2 (1), 27-32; doi: 10.3329/ajmbr.v2i1.27565 Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research ISSN 2411-4472 (Print) 2412-5571 (Online) www.ebupress.com/journal/ajmbr Article Identification of genera of tubificid worms in Bangladesh through morphological study Mariom*, Sharmin Nahar Liza and Md. Fazlul Awal Mollah Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh *Corresponding author: Mariom, Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh. E-mail: [email protected] Received: 12 January 2016/Accepted: 17 January 2016/ Published: 31 March 2016 Abstract: Tubificids are aquatic oligochaete worms (F- Naididae, O- Haplotaxida, P- Annelida) distributed all over the world. The worms are very important as they are used as live food for fish and other aquatic invertebrates. A step was taken to identify the genera of tubicifid worms that exist in Mymensingh district, Bangladesh on the basis of some external features including the shape of their anterior (prostomium) and posterior end, number of body segment and arrangement of setae. The study result indicated the existence of three genera among the tubificid worms. These were Tubifex, Limnodrilus and Aulodrilus. All these three genera possessed a cylindrical body with a bilateral symmetry formed by a series of metameres. The number of body segments ranged from 34 to 120 in Tubifex, 50 to 87 in Limnodrilus, and 35 to 100 in Aulodrilus. In Tubifex, the first segment, with the prostomium, was round or triangular bearing appendages, whereas, in Limnodrilus and Aulodrilus, the prostomium without appendages was triangular and conical, respectively. -
First Report of the Earthworm Pontoscolex
International Letters of Natural Sciences Submitted: 2017-10-27 ISSN: 2300-9675, Vol. 68, pp 1-8 Revised: 2017-12-20 doi:10.18052/www.scipress.com/ILNS.68.1 Accepted: 2018-01-30 CC BY 4.0. Published by SciPress Ltd, Switzerland, 2018 Online: 2018-04-12 First Report of the Earthworm Pontoscolex corethrurus (Müller, 1857) from Punjab, India Sharanpreet Singh1,2,a, Jaswinder Singh2,b*, Ayushi Sharma2,c, Adarsh Pal Vig1,d, Shakoor Ahmed3,e 1Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India 2Department of Zoology, Khalsa College, Amritsar, Punjab, India 3School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology & Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Keywords: Endogeic, Oligochatae, Rhinodrilidae,Taxonomy Abstract: The earthworm Pontoscolex corethrurus (Müller, 1857) is reported for the first time from Punjab, India. This species was first described by German naturalist Fritz Müller in 1857 from Santa Catarina state of Brazil. It is commonly found in gardens, cropland and fallow lands. It tolerates wide range of climatic and edaphic factors due to its endogeic ecological category. P. corethrurus has high efficiency for organic matter assimilation and has ability to live in new habitat due to which it can survive even in very poor soil. The life cycle of this species is well documented and this species has economic importance due to its use in waste management. 1. Introduction There are total 505 earthworm’s species present in India; out of which 51 are exotic species [1, 2]. -
Biological and Physiological Responses of Perionyx Excavatus to Abamectin
Environmental Science and Pollution Research https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06013-0 RESEARCH ARTICLE Biological and physiological responses of Perionyx excavatus to abamectin Beewah Ng1 & Ratmanee Chanabun2 & Somsak Panha1 Received: 31 January 2019 /Accepted: 22 July 2019 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019 Abstract Biological and behavioral responses of the tropical earthworm Perionyx excavatus towards different concentrations of abamectin were evaluated. Abamectin significantly reduced the biomass and reproduction (cocoon production) of P. excavatus as well as inducing histopathological alterations in the cuticle. Biomass loss was recorded in P. excavatus exposed to abamectin at a concentration as low as 0.1 mg active ingredient (a.i.) kg−1, while atrophy, another physiological response, was observed at an abamectin concentration of 0.21 μgcm−2 in a filter paper test. Cocoon production was significantly reduced in the presence of abamectin, and no cocoons were produced at doses of 20 mg a.i. kg−1 or higher, while abamectin at 50 mg a.i. kg−1 induced extreme pathology, characterized by the loss of the integrity of the whole body wall and intestine of P. excavatus. Histopathological alterations can be used as a biomarker to evaluate the toxicological impact of exposure to abamectin. Keywords Abamectin . Perionyx excavatus . Physiological morphology . Cocoon production . Histopathology Introduction tomato russet mite (Aculops lycopersici), armyworms (Spodoptera sp.), and tomato pinworms (Keiferia Agriculture remains an important sector of Malaysia’secono- lycopersicella). The first record of P. xylostella in Malaysia my, contributing 12% to the national gross domestic product was reported in 1925 and it became a serious pest of crucifers (GDP) and providing employment for 16% of the population. -
A Case Study of the Exotic Peregrine Earthworm Morphospecies Pontoscolex Corethrurus Shabnam Taheri, Céline Pelosi, Lise Dupont
Harmful or useful? A case study of the exotic peregrine earthworm morphospecies Pontoscolex corethrurus Shabnam Taheri, Céline Pelosi, Lise Dupont To cite this version: Shabnam Taheri, Céline Pelosi, Lise Dupont. Harmful or useful? A case study of the exotic peregrine earthworm morphospecies Pontoscolex corethrurus. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Elsevier, 2018, 116, pp.277-289. 10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.10.030. hal-01628085 HAL Id: hal-01628085 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01628085 Submitted on 5 Jan 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Harmful or useful? A case study of the exotic peregrine earthworm MARK morphospecies Pontoscolex corethrurus ∗ ∗∗ S. Taheria, , C. Pelosib, L. Duponta, a Université Paris Est Créteil, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Université Paris-Diderot, Institut d’écologie et des Sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES-Paris), Créteil, France b UMR ECOSYS, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78026 Versailles, France ABSTRACT Exotic peregrine earthworms are often considered to cause environmental harm and to have a negative impact on native species, but, as ecosystem engineers, they enhance soil physical properties. Pontoscolex corethrurus is by far the most studied morphospecies and is also the most widespread in tropical areas. -
Earthworm, Suborder Crassiclitellata, Cohort Terrimegadrili (Jamieson, 1988)1 William T
Archival copy: for current recommendations see http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu or your local extension office. EENY-532 Earthworm, suborder Crassiclitellata, cohort Terrimegadrili (Jamieson, 1988)1 William T. Crow2 Introduction The term earthworm is commonly assigned to certain worms in the class Clitellata in the phylum Annelida. Like insects, earthworms (Fig. 1) are among the animals Annelid worms are distinguished from other important most frequently encountered by many Floridians. Our kids worms like nematodes by having a coelum or true body play with them (Fig. 2 A,B), dissect them in middle school cavity, a circulatory system, and a body divided into biology, we fish with them, they crawl across our sidewalks segments. Other familiar annelids are the Hirudinea and live in our flower pots. Despite this, their ecological (leeches), the Polychaeta (marine bristleworms), and the and economic importance often goes unrecognized. Enchytraeids (potworms). Within the order Opisthopora Earthworms have several important ecological roles. there are both aquatic and terrestrial species. We will use Additionally, some species are used commercially for bait, earthworm exclusively for terrestrial worms in the subor- animal feed, environmental remediation, and composting. der Crassiclitellata. Figure 2. Earthworms are frequently encountered by many Floridians. Credits: A) Emily E. Eubanks, University of Florida. B) William T. Crow, Figure 1. Earthworms collected from a parking lot following a heavy University of Florida rainfall. Credits: William T. Crow, University of Florida 1. This document is EENY-532, one of a series of the Entomology and Nematology Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. -
Physical, Nutritional and Biochemical Status of Vermiwash Produced by Two Earthworm Species Lampito Mauritii (L) and Eudrillus Eugeniae (L)
Available online at www.worldscientificnews.com WSN 42 (2016) 228-255 EISSN 2392-2192 Physical, nutritional and biochemical status of vermiwash produced by two earthworm species Lampito mauritii (L) and Eudrillus eugeniae (L). Vitthalrao B. Khyade1,*, Sunanda Rajendra Pawar2 1The Research Group, Agriculture Development Trust, Shardanagar, Malegaon (Baramati) Dist. Pune – 413115, India 2Trustee and Head Academic Section, Agricultural Development Trust, Baramati Shardanagar, (Malegaon Col.) Post Box No.- 35, Tal. Baramati. Dist. Pune - 413 115 Maharashtra, India *E-mail address: [email protected] ABSTRACT In vermiculture, it is mandatory to keep the feed given to earthworm moist which will enable them to eat and procreate. Water is regularly sprinkled over the feed. The water mixes in the feed and oily content of earthworms body and slowly drains out from earthworm beds. The outgoing liquid is a concentrate with nutrients which is very beneficial for plants growth. This liquid is called vermiwash. The vermiwash is potential application in sustainable development for agriculture and biotechnology. This attempt deals with assessment the physico-chemical, nutritional and biochemical status of the vermiwash obtained using the popular composting earthworm species Eudrillus eugeniae (Kinb.) (Eudrilidae: Haplotaxida) and Lampito mauritii from three different leaf litters namely, Mango (Mangifera indica), Guava (Psidium guajava) and Sapota (Achrus sapota). The results showed substantial increase in the nutrient quality of the vermiwash produced with time in all of three cases. However, the vermiwash produced from guava leaf litter showed more content of electrical conductivity, magnesium, calcium, nitrite, phosphorus, carbohydrate, protein, lipid and amino acid compared with the vermiwash produced from the other two sapota and mango leaf litter by using the both earthworm species Eudrillus eugeniae and Lampito mauritii respectively. -
French Mediterranean Islands As a Refuge of Relic Earthworm Species: Cataladrilus Porquerollensis Sp
French Mediterranean islands as a refuge of relic earthworm species: Cataladrilus porquerollensis sp. nov. and Scherotheca portcrosana sp. nov. (Crassiclitellata, Lumbricidae) Daniel F Marchan, Thibaud Decaens, Darío J. Diaz Cosin, Mickael Hedde, Emmanuel Lapied, Jorge Domínguez To cite this version: Daniel F Marchan, Thibaud Decaens, Darío J. Diaz Cosin, Mickael Hedde, Emmanuel Lapied, et al.. French Mediterranean islands as a refuge of relic earthworm species: Cataladrilus porquerollensis sp. nov. and Scherotheca portcrosana sp. nov. (Crassiclitellata, Lumbricidae). European Journal of Taxonomy, Consortium of European Natural History Museums, 2020, 10.5852/ejt.2020.701. hal- 02940303 HAL Id: hal-02940303 https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02940303 Submitted on 16 Sep 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. European Journal of Taxonomy 701: 1–22 ISSN 2118-9773 https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2020.701 www.europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu 2020 · Marchán D.F. et al. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0). Research article urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D9291955-F619-46EA-90E1-DA756D1B7C55 French Mediterranean islands as a refuge of relic earthworm species: Cataladrilus porquerollensis sp. nov. and Scherotheca portcrosana sp. -
Species Diversity of Terrestrial Earthworms in Different
SPECIES DIVERSITY OF TERRESTRIAL EARTHWORMS IN KHAO YAI NATIONAL PARK Prasuk Kosavititkul A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental Biology Suranaree University of Technology Academic Year 2005 ISBN 974-533-516-9 ความหลากหลายของชนิดไสเดือนดินในเขตอุทยานแหงชาติเขาใหญ นายประสุข โฆษวิฑิตกุล วิทยานิพนธน เปี้ นสวนหนงของการศึ่ ึกษาตามหลักสูตรปริญญาวิทยาศาสตรดุษฎีบณฑั ิต สาขาวิชาชีววทยาสิ ิ่งแวดลอม มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีสุรนารี ปการศึกษา 2548 ISBN 974-533-516-9 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am most grateful to thank Asst. Prof. Dr. Panee Wannitikul, my advisor, for her generous help, encouragement and guidance throughout this thesis from the beginning. Her criticism, improvement, and proper of manuscript have made this thesis in correct form. I sincerely thank to Assoc. Prof. Dr. Korakod Indrapichate, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Somsak Panha, Dr. Nathawut Thanee and Dr. Pongthep Suwanwaree for their valuable advice and guidance in this thesis. I am sincerely grateful to Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sam James, Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Research Center, Kansas University for his helpful and kind assistance in confirming and identifying earthworms. Thanks also to the Center for Scientific and Technological Equipment, Suranaree University of Technology for the laboratory facilities and scientific instruments. Special thank is due to the Khao Yai National Park for permitting me to work in the park. I would like to express my special thank to Naresuan University for the scholarship supporting my study. Special gratitude is expressed to my parents, my sisters, my family, my friends, my seniors, my juniors, and other people who give me a supported power whenever I lose my own power. Prasuk Kosavititkul CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT IN THAI…………………………………………………………… I ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH……………………………………………………… II ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS……………………………………………………..