APEC Sports Newsletter
05 July 2018 ISSUE
Digital Age X Athletes Career Development Foreword / 02 APEC Economies' Policies / 03 -Summary Report of the 2018 APEC Workshop on Career Development of Sport Talents in Digital Age / 03 -Policies and Best Practices Sharing from Japan; Malaysia; the Philippines; and Viet Nam / 09 Perspectives on Regional Sports Issues / 23 -The Past, Present and Future of the Youth Olympic Games: The Mission of the 2018 Youth Olympic Games / 23 -IOC Athlete Career Programme / 27 -Sport Innovation-What You Can Do to Shape the World / 29 -How Athlete Can Approach Sponsorship with an Entrepreneurial Mindset / 35 -Athlete to Entrepreneur / 38 -Embrace the Era of Sports Digitalization / 41 -International Association of Events Hosts (IAEH) Delegation Visited Taipei, sharing Event Hosting Experiences / 48 ASPN Related Events / 53 APEC Economies' Perspectives on ASPN Related Foreword Policies Regional Sports Issues Events
Foreword
Athletes receive applause and acclaim when they compete, but the real challenges only come after they retire. Rapid technological developments have transformed the labor market, while the digital age has brought new challenges and opportunities for athletes' career prospects.
Digital technology has emerged as a new force that is blurring the lines between athlete and entrepreneur. More and more athletes are turning their backs on the traditional career choices of coaching and teaching. They are opting instead to join the business, media, and tech industries. Some have even become entrepreneurs themselves. Good transitional coaching and counselling can open doors for athletes to learn new things about themselves, to pursue self-development, aim higher, and become social models for others.
With this in mind, we have summarized the conclusions from the 2018 APEC Workshop on Career Development of Sports Talents in the Digital Age that took place in Taipei on May 16th, where policies enacted in Japan; Malaysia; the Philippines; and Viet Nam to help athletes plan their careers are discussed. Particularly, HYPE Sports Innovation, a global platform that combines sports with innovation, shares its experiences promoting sports innovation.
In addition, we bring you a special report that explores how the IOC assists elite athletes in their career transitions through the International Olympic Committee's Athlete Career Programme, and present the influences and changes sports science has brought to the sports industry. Finally, a report on the latest developments in the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics, and the outlook of International Association of Event Host on sports event hosting are shared as well.
In this issue, we focus on how to strengthen career planning for sports talents in the digital age to help them successfully transition to post-retirement careers and share the best in sports innovations. We hope it will help readers to understand that the digital age and technology are unstoppable trends. In this way, we can encourage them to participate in developing the capabilities of Dr. Chin-Hsung Kao sports talents, and work together Executive Director, to help our athletes prepare for APEC Sports Policy future changes and challenges. Network Secretariat
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Summary Report of the 2018 APEC Workshop on Career Development of Sport Talents in Digital Age
The Sports Administration of the Ministry of Education held the 2018 APEC Workshop on Career Development of Sport Talents in Digital Age on May 16, 2018 in Taipei. 14 representatives from industry, government, and academia in 8 APEC member economies were invited to come to Taipei and discuss how sports talents can develop their careers in the digital age.
The 2018 APEC Workshop on Career Development of Sport Talents in Digital Age took place in Taipei.
Speakers and panel members at the workshop included Cindy Chen, General Manager for Northeast Asia, Adecco; Lirone Glikman, Vice President of Partnerships, HYPE Sports Innovation; Leopold Chung, Director of International Relations, International e-Sports Federation; Vickie Saunders, Founder, the Sponsorship Consultants; Ian Warner, CEO and Founder, Kho Labs; Dr. Yoriko Noguchi, Director, Japan Sport Council Department
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of Information and International Relations; Marina Nafi, Director, Sports Development Division, Malaysia Ministry of Youth and Sports; Dr. Celia H. Kiram, Commissioner, Philippine Sports Commission; Peggy Tng, Deputy Director, Singapore Sport Institute; Le Thi Hoang Yen, Deputy Director-General, Viet Nam Sports Administration; Huang Ching-Yao, Director, Center of Industry Accelerator and Patent Strategy; Cheng Ho, CEO, Choxue; William Su, CEO, ChaseWind Co., Ltd.; and Maggie Hsu, Director, International and Cross-Strait Sports Division, Sports Administration .
Athletes are the most unusual group in the human resources spectrum. Their sporting careers are brilliant yet short, making career transitions inevitable. Traditionally, athletes only had a choice between sports training and academia for their post-athletic careers, which was a huge obstacle at this turning point in their lives. To address this problem, the workshop explored ways to strengthen athletes' workplace skills and help them adapt to new and different work environments, and shared successful examples of sports startups to encourage these athletes to move beyond traditional ways of thinking and create new possibilities for themselves.
Opportunities and Challenges in the Digital Age
In the past, athletes were unable to pursue their studies while training. Now, thanks to the digital age, they only need simple tech devices to study anytime, anywhere with no limitations in either time or space. The barrier to obtaining information has been lowered, allowing them to draw up their own study plans based on their personal needs. Online academic programs, lectures, consultation, and other services can help athletes accumulate the knowledge and capabilities required for future career transitions.
Athletes dedicate the majority of their time to competition and training, and one of the challenges they may end up facing is a lack of familiarity with and knowledge of technology applications. This may mean they will be unable to meet the needs of the human resources marketplace in the future. Taking Malaysia as an example, although there are not any digital technology application plan specifically for sports talents,
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athletes can still participate in a number of governmental or private initiatives, such as Malaysia Digital Economy Corporation's Youcanduit initiative. Programs under this initiative teach participants how to use digital tools to generate additional stable sources of income. They connect young athletes up with micro-entrepreneurs and technical and vocational schools to develop their knowledge of digital entrepreneurship and strengthen their capabilities. Many participating economies, including Malaysia; Singapore; Viet Nam; and Chinese Taipei, believe that policymakers should consider using such programs as a reference, with market demand as the starting point, to help athletes to face the challenges of the digital age.
In addition, with the advent of the digital age, different types of digital media have become part of the daily routines of many people. Sports talents often expose themselves to risk when using social media to develop their personal brands and build influence. This is why the Viet Nam Sports Administration warns policymakers that they must include social media and personal media skills when helping athletes to develop their digital technology knowledge and capabilities.
The IOC Athlete Career Programme
In 2005, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) teamed up with Adecco, a leader in international human resource solutions, to launch the IOC Athlete Career Programme (ACP). The ACP supports athletes while they prepare for and go through their career transitions by providing them with essential resources and training in education, life skills, and career. The program helps elite athletes continue to shine at every stage of their lives.
The ACP's local partners include local Adecco branches as well as National Olympic Committees (NOC). Together, they offer the program in 13 economic entities and regions. For many of these places, it serves as the first step in athlete career planning. The close cooperation between governments and NOCs in implementing the ACP has gradually made government branches aware of this issue. Many of the participating economies
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in the workshop, including Japan; Malaysia; the Philippines; and Chinese Taipei, are ACP members. For example, the Japanese Olympic Committee has collaborated with the IOC to draw up a career development plan exclusively for athletes. This plan has a matchmaking system that pairs up soon-to-be retired athletes with companies to give them opportunities for professional growth and assist them in their career transitions.
Many economic entities have also launched career planning and guidance programs for sports talents outside of the ACP and in line with their local sports development situations. For example, Malaysia's Ministry of Higher Education is currently working on a plan to help athletes continue with their studies and meet academic entry requirements. The ministry established the Sports Leadership Transformation Program, which hones the leadership skills of athletes, at the beginning of 2017. The vocational training curriculum is divided into three parts: education, skills development, and welfare. The program is coordinated and supported by various agencies to ensure that athletes get the assistance they need during career transitions. Meanwhile, Japan is in the midst of launching a new funding program1 ahead of the 2020 Summer Olympics. This program grants subsidy to athletes for their studies and employment preparations and provides young athletes with life services consultation and educational opportunities.
Sports and Education Go Hand in Hand: Integrated Training Centers
In recent years, career development for athletes has become an issue of great interest. Sports training centers have gradually evolved from an exclusive focus on athletic training and competition performance into integrated institutions that emphasize education and sports equally. The northern, southern, and eastern regions of Viet Nam all have integrated training centers. In addition to the development of competitive strength, they also provide essential technical skills training. Moreover, Viet Nam's Law on Sports stipulates that retired athletes must be provided with vocational training, employment counseling, and priority consideration for job vacancies.
1. For more information about this program, please see p.10
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Among the many sports academies in the Philippines, Leyte Sports Academy is the most famous cradle of sports talents. The youngsters enrolled at Leyte Sports Academy attend academic classes in the mornings and train in the afternoons. This dual-track system has produced numerous Philippine National Youth Games medal winners. The academy also utilizes a tutoring system to mentor these outstanding athletes and help them to obtain their primary and secondary school diplomas, ensuring they have the qualifications to study at university.
Athletes face a difficult test once they step out of the spotlight, which is how to plan the next stage of their lives. In 2008, the Japanese government established Ajinomoto National Training Center in Tokyo. The center is managed by the Japan Sport Council and operated by the Japan Institute of Sports Sciences. In 2016, its name was changed to the Japan High Performance Sport Center, offering business skills training to soon- to-be retired athletes. To resolve the issue of financial support for athletes, the Japan Sport Council is actively developing a platform for private companies, educational organizations, and sports organizations to work together to place athletes in companies and promote economic growth. This platform follows a model established by the United States' National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), which connects universities to support athletes and achieve the goal of simultaneous progress in athletics and education.
The Limitless Possibilities of Sports Startups
In the present era of globalization, e-commerce applications and social media have become major trends that have redefined entire industries. A startup craze is sweeping across the globe, gradually blurring the line between sports and entrepreneurship. More and more sports talents are opting out of the traditional career choices such as coaching or teaching and bravely entering unfamiliar territory such as the business, media, and technology industries in pursuit of their own goals.
HYPE Sports Innovation has observed that sports talents have the potential and possess
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advantages that can help them succeed in the startup ecosystem. Its mission is to build bridges between athletes and startups, and provide a global platform for them to connect with and learn from each other. For this reason, it has created the SPIN Accelerator, which is jointly promoted by governments, higher education institutions, and sports clubs, to provide tailor-made courses delivered by industry executives. The SPIN Accelerator combines advanced and practical information to ensure that sports startups are well prepared so that they will be able to stand out and shine in the market.
For athletes, the keys to success on the field are resilience, competitiveness, and self- discipline. These same qualities are also important focal points that sports talents can use to transfer this success to other areas. If athletes are willing and determined to make changes and have access to appropriate mentoring, they will be able to carve out a leadership role in a new world that they create for themselves in this age full of uncertainties.
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Structure of Athletes' Career Planning and eSports Development in Japan
The Structure of Athletes' Career Development in Japan
It is now less than 800 days until the opening ceremony of Tokyo 2020. All the relevant people and organizations from several disciplines work together to create an "All- Japan" collaborative framework. In alignment with this concept and under the leadership of the government namely the Japan Sport Agency (JSA), relevant institutions such as the Japan Sport Council (JSC), the Japan Olympic Committee (JOC), the Japan Paralympic Committee (JPC), the Japan Sports Association (JSPO) and National Federations (NFs) cooperate to support athlete's career Dr. Yoriko Noguchi Head of Department development. of Information and International Relations, Japan Sport Council From an economic perspective, the government focuses of athletes as an important human resource in business field. The government targets universities to play an important role in sport industry as well as supporting athlete's dual career. For a long time, universities and private business companies were the two major pillars supporting the development of sports in Japan. Elite athletes used to be employed by big private companies and continued to play in the company teams to pursuit their athletic career. However, with the economic crisis and the collapse of a lifetime employment system, several companies disbanded their company teams. Following these developments, the government got involved to tackle the employment issue of athletes, based on the Sport Promotion Basic Plan developed in 2000. The Sport Basic Act was enacted in 2011 and the government developed the Sport Basic Plan in 2012. At this time the government recognized the importance of the
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dual-career of athletes (i.e., not only employment but also education). Several experts pointed out that athlete education at the early stage is critical in particular. The JSC, in collaboration with the organizations mentioned above, developed three programs: ．The dual career development program (to educate young athletes to understand the importance of dual career) ．The facilitator development program (to develop human resources to facilitate the dual career program on site) ．The sport career advisor development program (to develop experts to provide holistic support to athlete's career development from young athletes to retired athletes)
As one organization cannot solve all challenges associated with athletes' career development, we take an "All-Japan" approach and the involvement of the educational and economic sector is essential to it. In this context the journey has just started in Japan.
The Current Development of eSports in Japan
In Japan, eSports is still small but it is gradually developing its groundwork. Technically, there are two major challenges in order for eSports to grow in Japan. One is the law that restricts gambling and the provision of big prize for the winners. The other one is the recognition of eSports by the JOC, which is essential to participate in multi-sport events like Asian Games and Olympic Games.
Recently, there are two movements to solve those challenges. At the political level, in Nov 2017 an all-party group of nearly 100 politicians established a coalition to support the development of eSports. Within this group there have been many discussions about a) the possibility to include eSports as an exhibition event at Tokyo 2020, b) legislation, c) support for the eSports organization in its efforts to become a recognized member by the JOC, d) development of the environment to host international eSports events with the scale of 60,000 spectators in Japan by 2024. Also, on February 2018, three organizations (Japan eSports Association, eSports Promotion Organization, Japan
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eSports Federation) united and formed the new organization called Japan eSports Union (JeSU). Generally, the JeSU aims for two things. One is to issue professional licenses to athletes in order to allow the provision bigger prize money just like in other professional sports events like Tennis or Golf etc. The other one is the promotion of eSports to become a JOC recognized sport, which is essential to participate at multi-sport events.
In May 2018, the Japanese professional football league, J-League, announced eJ.League as a preliminary event for eWorld Cup. Japan is gradually starting to develop this industry.
We are aware that eSports may change our sporting field dramatically, the keywords are "co-existence" and "co-prosperity." It is important to be wise enough to set up the environment and system right, to integrate both sides. Challenges associated with eSports such as integrity (e.g, drug use, gambling, cheating etc.), health, game addiction, career development etc. have been discussed in the world. Thus, athlete education in early age is also critical for the development of eSports.
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Career Development of Sport Talents in Malaysia
The National Sports Policy and Sport Development Act 1997 have shaped the landscape of sports development in Malaysia to create a sporting culture and strengthening integration through participation of society in sports and excellence at international level. Malaysia provides opportunity for our athletes to showcase their talent and career in all areas of life and creates a supportive environment to enrich these athletes.
The National Sports Council (NSC) which acts as the Marina Nafi responsible body for all athlete's development that starts Sports Development Division, Ministry of Youth from the time athletes enrolled in the primary school in and Sports Malaysia order to acquire the academic and sports achievement together. "Thinking Athletes" is an initiative with a purpose to nurture knowledgeable athletes who can support themselves once they leave the sports arena. One of the programs under the "Thinking Athletes" initiatives is Sports Leadership Transformation Program to ensure our sports sector continues to improve. The training will encompass three levels – foundation, intermediate and advanced. Among the core modules are local and international sports architecture, management paradigms, and strategies to encourage sports participation in universities, the impact of technology and attachment programs. Sport can serve as a vehicle to improve women's and youth leadership roles and participation in decision-making. The acquisition of valuable skills in management, negotiation and decision-making empowers young athletes to become leaders in all areas of community life, as well as in career. NSC also conducts a program known as "Malaysian Athlete Career and Education (MACE)" which takes care of education, career and welfare for the future of Malaysian Athletes. This program has involved a collaboration with various ministries and agencies to ensure the life of athletes during
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and after leaving sports arena is well supported. The Olympic Council of Malaysia (OCM) also signed an agreement with Adecco, a world leading provider of HR solutions, as they launched the Athlete Career Programme (ACP) in Malaysia. The OCM-Adecco ACP will assist Malaysian athletes make the transition from sports to other careers. The programme will focus on providing guidance and tools to help athletes successfully manage their career transition and provide job placement support through career workshops and training.
A number of initiatives are under way to encourage and promote women's work in all sectors of the industry. At the policy level, calls upon sports and sports-related organizations to develop policies, program and design structures that increase the number of women coaches, advisers, decision-makers, officials, administrators and sport personnel at all levels with special attention given to recruitment, development and retention.
In creating an ecosystem that will help youth and sports talent building up their second career, in 2011, Malaysia announced Digital Malaysia, aiming to build an ecosystem that promotes the pervasive use of ICT in all aspects of the economy to create communities connected globally and interacting in real-time. Malaysia Digital Economy Corporation or MDEC (formerly known as Multimedia Development Corporation Sdn. Bhd.) is the lead agency in driving the digital economy in Malaysia under the Ministry of Communications and Multimedia Malaysia. MDEC's mission is to develop the digital economy of Malaysia. MDEC's implementation efforts are centered on driving investments, building local tech champions, catalyzing digital innovation ecosystems and propagating digital inclusivity.
One of the five catalysts of the Digital Economy is the development of the local talent pool. In line with advancing the Internet Economy, MDEC recently launched #mydigitalmaker movement, an initiative to create digital makers locally. This movement in partnership with the Ministry of Education (MoE) and the support of private sectors and academia, will expose Malaysian youth to the creative and innovative aspects of digital technology through the integration of Computational Thinking and Computer
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Science into formal school curriculum; as well as getting industry and universities to help nurture and groom talented young digital makers through extra co-curriculum activities. Additionally, MDEC is collaborating with Human Resources Development Fund (HRDF) Malaysia to upskill the talent development for the Digital Economy. This collaboration will see allocation of funds from HRDF's Pool Fund, for the development of programmes on critical ICT skills. This is part of the Digital Talent Strategic Intervention Roadmap, which is designed to create a sustainable industry-led development model. One of the successful and ongoing programs organized by MDEC is #YOUCANDUIT campaign which received an overwhelming response from the youth. #YOUCANDUIT is a campaign starting in 2015 by MDEC that aims to generate digital income opportunities for the Rakyat. There are two initiatives under this campaign: eRezeki and eUsahawan which aim to encourage additional income sources via digital platforms. In 2017 budget announced a RM100 million allocation for the programmes, which would benefit 300,000 participants.
Sharing session of the #YOUCANDUIT campaign organised by the Malaysia Digital Economy Corporation (MDEC)
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Career Development for Sports Talents in the Philippines
To further strengthen support for young talents in sports, the House of Senate of the Philippines pushed for the development of better Filipino athletes by approving five (5) bills that sought to establish sports academies and training centers in five different regions. The bills' objective in establishing sports academies are: a. To jumpstart grassroots sports development all over the region and; b. For the young athletes to adequately prepare for a genuine career in sports and eventually improve their Dr. Celia Hicarte-Kiram Commissioner, Philippine chances in the local and international arena. Sports Commission
Moreover, some local government units such as provinces and cities have already established Sports Academies in their locality that give free education to their young potential talents.
Potential athletes are identified in school and provincial meets, and then offered academy slots. When they join, students are not displaced from their grade or year levels. They proceed with their education at the academy as the Department of Education mentors teach them all the subjects that lead to an elementary or high school diploma from their original schools.
The Sports Academy usually consider three things in its selection of academic scholars:
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a. Potential b. Capacity to be disciplined c. Academic ability It is understandable that the academy first wanted to find medalists for the province but the long term goal is to train athletes who will be good enough to be accepted in universities on both athletic skill and academic aptitude.
Leyte Sports Academy
A good example of these sports academies presently functioning is the Leyte Sports Academy. It is housed at the Tacloban Sports Complex and has dormitories, classrooms, a gym and a boxing workout area.
64 youngsters from 8 to 16 years old train in the morning, attend classes and then train some more in the afternoon.
Since its opening, the academy has contributed athletes to the province of Leyte for the Eastern Visayas regional meet or EVRAA and the Palarong Pambansa (National School Games).
The academy has already produced medal winners in the Batang Pinoy (Philippine National Youth Games) where both in school and out of school athletes compete.
The Leyte Sports Development Center, where the Leyte Sports Academy (LSA) is located was the main venue of the school-based sports competition. The creation of LSA was envisioned to look for sports scholar that will help in the improvement of the region's ranking in the annual sports event, without sacrificing academic performance.
The same is true with other sports academies that have been established in other places like the Zamboanga del Sur Sports Academy located in Dao, Pagadian City which presently has 360 student-athletes and the Pangasinan Sports Academy with 190 athletes who have excelled in local competitions in their program.
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Upcoming academies will rise in Davao del Norte and Calamba in Laguna.
Young athletes' training and living at Leyte Sports Academy.
The PSC's Push For Further Sports Education
The Philippine Sports Commission (PSC) works with our NOC, the Philippine Olympic Committee (POC) and local Adecco to promote Athlete Career Program. We formally inform and involve the POC and local Adecco to all our agency programs related to athletes' career development.
Meanwhile, PSC has signed an agreement with the local colleges and universities to give scholarship to athletes and coaches. The agreement specifically states that the school shall consider the training and competition schedule (local and international) of the athletes and coaches.
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Recently, PSC has formalized an agreement with the United States Sports Academy (USSA) for a special study course for coaches and athletes pursuing their Bachelor's, Master's and Doctoral degree in Sports through both traditionally delivered classroom courses and online classes.
These courses provide sports education for major stakeholders of the sporting community. Therefore, it shall not only focus on sports science but also cater to those who would like to pursue sports management and other non-athlete roles in sports. This Ladderized program for the course of International Diploma in Sports Management has targeted at 40 NOC leaders and sports officers.
More so, PSC has signed agreement with various state universities and colleges to give scholarship to athletes to pursue their study while being an athlete. Most of these athletes who finished their courses where later endorsed to the Armed Forces of the Philippines for their career as service personnel.
Presently, there has been a rise in numbers of colleges and universities offering courses in sports. In the past, only the University Philippines had the only College for Human Kinetics, however other schools like De La Salle University, University of Sto. Tomas and Cavite State University now have also established their own Sports Education departments or colleges.
A Positive Outlook
With the proposed foundation of sports facilities, training centers and academies locally, career development for sports talents in the Philippines is in place. The morale of many Filipino young and women athletes, especially those from the provinces, went up to the high level. They were encouraged to develop their skills in sports knowing that their education will not be hampered and assured their future secured.
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Building Sports Policies for Athletes
Efforts to develop and implement appropriate policies to promote the career growth of athletes have been facing considerable challenges. These issues, unfortunately, cannot be resolved overnight. Relevant ministries, agencies, associations, and organizations must actively collaborate to introduce a long-term plan with a specific timeline for necessary actions, instead of passively waiting for others to take action.
The Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, together Le Thi Hoang Yen with the Sports Administration, have placed a focus Deputy Director-General, Viet Nam Sport on developing regulations and policies to support Administration professional athletes after retirement from competition. Thanks to these regulations and policies, athletes who face physical or financial difficulties have received significantly more attention from industry groups.
Viet Nam Sports policies focus on Olympic youth talents
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A number of Schools for the Gifted have been introduced in both Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City with the intention of providing young athletes with both physical and educational training. Nevertheless, the operational systems of these schools is believed to be less than effective. For example, a majority of the athletes that train there only focus on professional training and competitions, paying much less attention to educational and vocational training.
In response, the Viet Nam Sports Administration has established the "Athlete Support Fund," an official fund meant to ensure that support for current and former athletes is provided in a timely manner, especially to those who have disabilities, injuries or financial difficulties. But with thousands of athletes all around Viet Nam, the current budget for treating and rehabilitating athletes with sports injuries is still insufficient. That is why funds like the "Athlete Support Fund" can substantially benefit from financial contributions from individuals, businesses and other groups.
While Viet Nam still has relatively limited policies and strategies for promoting athletes' career development, many local sports organizations have taken the initiative to fill this gap. However, these efforts are still somewhat fragmented and are unlikely to resolve more deep-rooted problems.
Below is a summary of current solutions offered and implemented by specific provinces and cities regarding athlete care:
1. National Training Center of Hanoi
The National Training Center of Hanoi plans to open more vocational training centers for athletes. It is expected that the Center will coordinate with these vocational training units to organize physical training sessions as well as vocational training courses for participating athletes. By doing so, the Center aims to provide athletes with opportunities to obtain jobs outside athletics, or to pursue other careers if they decide to stop competing or to retire.
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2. Da Nang City
Da Nang City has approved a special recruiting program for selected gifted athletes who demonstrate a high level of ability and recognition in training and competition. These athletes are to receive a much higher salary as an incentive.
3. An Giang City
An Giang City is implementing a remuneration program which determines disbursements to athletes based on the accumulated achievements of athletes in domestic, Southeast Asian, Asian, Olympic and world championship competitions. Depending on points accumulated throughout their entire career, an athlete may be eligible to receive anywhere between 100 and 300 million dong upon retirement. It is hoped that this remuneration program will promote better performance and retention of exceptional athletes.
4. Ho Chi Minh City
Ho Chi Minh City recently signed a contract with Khoi Viet Language and Tourism School (Khoi Viet School) to award 10 scholarships per year to top athletes from Ho Chi Minh City who plan to study tourism.
Viet Nam is currently in the process of researching different models for providing support to elite athletes, and is developing each type of service gradually according to relevant conditions. In addition, there are plans to coordinate with the entrepreneurship to develop propaganda programs, action plans and call for funding for the employment of retired athletes in the private sector: ‧Coordinating with the Youth Union, City Nutrition Center, Sports Training Centers, and invite scientists to develop education on subjects such as sports nutrition, orientation of career goals, how to build a blog or website, how to speak in public, photography, computer skills, English, and other specialized areas. ‧Organizing inspirational sports programs for students, including by bringing well-
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known athletes to schools to talk about the benefits of sport, fair play, respect and confidence. ‧ Building a website dedicated to answering the questions most frequently asked of athletes, that summarizes all relevant programs, policies and support services for parents and athletes to access. ‧Mobilizing businesses to offer discount vouchers for spas, movies and music events for athletes. ‧Work with urban universities to enrol students in the strongest departments at each respective school, and to cooperate with sports universities to award scholarships to athletes. ‧Continuing to advise city leaders on investment regimes for talented athletes.
The Viet Nam Sports Administration is currently completing revisions to the "Law on Sports" according to direction from the Government, and will issue those changes in the near future. These revisions touch on a number of policies for athletes, specifically: ‧Article 31.- Development of high-achievement sports: To supplement specific policies for female athletes and coaches in the course of training and competition. ‧Article 32.- Rights and obligations of high-achievement athletes: To supplement and participate in the regimes of medical insurance, social insurance, accident and occupational disease insurance according to the regulations in statutes of law. Guarantee cultural, political and professional education. Athletes who are no longer able to compete in sports shall be provided with favourable conditions for vocational training and employment by the State in accordance with the provisions of law, and shall be given priority in recruitment to work at sports establishments. In cases where athletes of Team Viet Nam, provincial teams or centrally-run cities or branches suffer from accidents during their training or sports competitions, lose their working capacity or die, the relatives of those athletes shall be entitled to allowances as prescribed by law.
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The Past, Present and Future of the Youth Olympic Games: The Mission of the 2018 Youth Olympic Games
The International Olympics Committee (IOC) created the Youth Olympic Games in 2007 mainly for athletes ranging from 14 to 18 years of age. The games (also known as the YOG) is considered part of the process to modernize the Olympic Movement and is one of the improvement measures taken in response to criticisms against the Olympics. The principal objective of the YOG is to sow the seeds of Olympism and to provide the opportunity for young people from all over the world to discuss, debate and promote the possibility of bringing the Olympic values Li-Hong Hsu, phD, Head of International to realization. Affairs, CEO of Olympic Education Studies Society, Many people are still unfamiliar with the Youth Olympic National Taiwan University of Sport Games and are not as enthusiastic about watching the games in person or on TV as they are with the Summer or Winter Olympic Games. However, from a different perspective, a lot of scholars believe attracting large amounts of attention was not the original intention behind the organization of the Youth Olympic Games. The primary characteristic of the Youth Olympic Games was the emphasis on educational events. The competition and cultural exchange activities are centered around the promotion of educational events or new sporting events. Specialist academics regularly consider the influence of the Youth Olympic Games on the continuity of participation of athletes and development of contact networks for all stakeholders of the Youth Olympic Games.
From the first Summer YOG in Singapore in 2010 to the third Summer YOG to be held in Buenos Aires, Argentina in 2018, researchers are particularly interested to find out whether such international sports events have positive effects on the promotion of sports in the host economic entities, as well as whether the number of people
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participating sport increases in areas outside the host cities. Scholars conducted research both a few months before and after the Singapore 2010 YOG to understand if any changes had occurred to the sense of hometown pride amongst young people. They also studied the contents of educational and cultural activities during the Innsbruck 2012 Winter YOG. Both studies made great contributions and produced results of high referential value. It was just a pity that the durations covered were too short, being limited to only few months before and after the games. Therefore, what needs attention in the future is not just the influence on participating athletes but also (a. changes to local young people in host economic entities and cities; (b. whether the sporting populations in the host cities and other areas grow in consequence; and (c. whether the objective of promoting the values of Olympic education are achieved. Russian scholar Martin Schnitzer and others came up with the three following questions. They are associated with the future development of the Youth Olympic Games and ought to be discussed: ‧ Is the Youth Olympic Games able to improve recognition of Olympic Values and boost interest in Olympic events amongst young people of host economic entities? ‧ What kind of role do local young people play in establishment of the Olympic values and recognition of Olympic activities when they participate in related events, watch the YOG in person, keep track of social media associated with the Youth Olympic Games and attending school activities? ‧Are there other factors that have influence on young people's recognition of Olympic values and their interest in Olympic activities? If there are, how do such factors cause such influence?
Martin Schnitzer and others performed a study on the Innsbruck 2012 Winter Youth Olympic Games in Austria, and the results included a number of significant factors worth noting: ‧Participation of young people in host economic entities in the Youth Olympic Games does influence on the promotion of Olympic events and the games, but their awareness of Olympic values is limited. ‧Recognition amongst young people of Olympic values is mainly the result of
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social background, interest in sports, social capital (confidence in regulations and organizations) and which different media events the young people follow. ‧Promotion of Olympic values, such as the design of school courses and participation, cannot be limited to unilateral and independent operation. Related resources have to be integrated as well.
The Summer Youth Olympic Games over the years
Number of Number Host Opening Closing Number of Number YOG Year HostCity Participating of Economy Day Day Categories of Events Economies Athletes 1st 2010 Singapore Singapore Aug. 14 Aug. 26 204 3524 26 201 2nd 2014 Nanjing China Aug. 16 Aug. 28 203 3579 28 222 Buenos Not yet Not yet 3rd 2018 Argentina Oct. 6 Oct. 18 32 241 Aires available available
The Winter Youth Olympic Games over the years Number of Number Host Opening Closing Number of Number YOG Year HostCity Participating of Economy Day Day Categories of Events Economies Athletes 1st 2012 Innsbruck Austria Jan. 13 Jan. 22 69 1059 7 63
2nd 2016 Lillehammer Norway Feb. 12 Feb. 21 71 1100 7 70 Not yet Not yet 3rd 2020 Lausanne Switzerland Jan. 10 Jan. 19 8 81 available available
After the third YOG in 2014, the IOC realized the difficulty in promotion of the games and launched the Olympic Agenda 2020 reforms. Among the planned measures, the first Olympism in Action Forum organized by the IOC has drawn the most attention. It will be held on Oct. 5 and 6, 2018 on the eve of the 2018 Youth Olympic Games, and the objective is to build a better world through sports. Using constructive dialog, the forum will discuss the most important issues about sports and society with groups of specialists from around the world, including sports leaders, the media and athletes.
The role of sports is becoming increasingly important. Every Olympic Games brings thousands of athletes and hundreds of millions of spectators together to promote peace in the international society, and thus using a sports event to encourage good deeds.
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This year, the IOC, in specific reference to the Olympic Agenda 2020 reforms, will hold the First Olympism in Action Forum.
The forum will be held two days before the opening ceremony in Buenos Aires, Argentina where the Youth Olympic Games are due to take place. The games and the forum will bring new ways of thinking to sports fans across the globe as well as point out new international tendencies in sports. Through the open forum and discussions from diverse angles, sports can be expected to have more positive influence and contributions to the whole world. The main topics to be discussed at the forum are as follows: ‧How can clean athletes be protected and the purity of sports maintained? ‧Why should cities host the Olympic Games? ‧What should be done for sports to help achieve the UN's goal of sustainable development? ‧What can be done to fight corruption in sports? ‧What are our expectations for sports in the future? ‧How can sports be applied as a tool to guide young people?
Other than Olympics-related professionals, participants, the forum include influential groups and organizations such as NGOs, academics, business groups, artists, etc.. Forum activities include debates, cooperative workshops, inspiring speeches, cultural celebrations and networking opportunities. Bound to be a historic event, it is the first- ever opportunity to bring people from various sectors together to discuss openly how to build a better world through sports. The viewpoints resulted from the discussions and experience sharing will change sports in the future. This forum will also be an opportunity for the delegations and leaders of different economic entities, organization representatives, and specialist scholars to exchange ideas.
References:
Martin Schnitzer, Janette Walde, Sabrina Scheiber, Roman Nagiller & Gottfried Tappeiner (2018): Do the Youth Olympic Games promote Olympism? Analysing a mission (im) possible from a local youth perspective, European Journal of Sport Science, DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2018.1458906 26 APEC Economies' Perspectives on ASPN Related Foreword Policies Regional Sports Issues Events
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IOC Athlete Career Programme
What's Next?
This is the recurring question that pops up in the mind of every elite athlete when they are approaching the end of their sports career. It is a fair question considering that, in the context of life, there is no finish line. Finding the right answer to this query is particularly important if we consider that the average age of an Olympic athlete is late 20s, and when they retire from sport most need to engage in a second career. The IOC Athlete Career Programme (ACP), run in cooperation with The Adecco Group, has the ambitious goal of helping retired Niccolo' Campriani Project Manager of Sports elite athletes around the world to find their own new Department, International pathway and assist them to achieve success off the Olympic Committee (IOC) field of play, building on the success they achieved on the field of play. The IOC ACP is one of the core programmes listed under the recently introduced Athlete365, the new platform that unites all athlete-focused IOC initiatives and communication. The programme provides support to athletes: 1) with online information, 2) via outreach training delivered primarily by retired athletes and human resources experts, and 3) through work with National Olympic Committees (NOCs) and International Federations (IFs) that directly provide services to their athletes.
To complement the support provided directly to elite athletes, it is also important to raise awareness in the labour market and promote the benefits of institutes of higher education in order to enable athletes to balance the demands of education while in training.
In the labour market, it is important to share the value and benefits that elite athletes
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can bring to an employment opportunity or entrepreneurial opportunity. In many cases, it starts with the CV, as many athletes may have a CV that does not resemble that of other traditional career paths. Their education or their work experience may be different; while, at the same time, the skills, traits and experiences of elite athletes representing their NOCs internationally are exceptional. Supporting the effective translation of these differences is key for both athletes and business, and is a foundation of the programme.
Olympic athletes have dedicated a significant portion of their life to sport and representing their NOC sduring the Olympic Games. We also know that, with the average age of an Olympic athlete being late 20s, most will need to enter the labour market and will have around 40 years to participate in a career after sport. The ACP is at the hub of support for the athletes; however, integrated support from multiple stakeholders delivers the optimal result. The IOC ACP provides a structure, content and services. However, to best reach the athletes, the involvement of NOCs and IFs working with the IOC and educational institutions is necessary in order to provide athletes with a level playing field that will allow them to balance their demands in sport with their educational commitments.
Since its creation, the IOC ACP has supported more than 40,000 athletes from over 185 NOCs from young to retired athletes. The programme is delivered by NOCs in more than 30 NOCs around the world, with the balance supported by outreach training workshops led by the IOC. Our goal is to continue to reach more athletes with the support of NOCs and IFs while raising awareness for enhanced educational access and increased job opportunities.
For more information, contact [email protected] or [email protected]
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Sport Innovation- What You Can Do to Shape the Game
The traditional markets surrounding sports have encountered tremendous challenges recently, particularly those brought about by major paradigm shifts. These have included the use of e-commerce, and the explosion of social media, and the challenges of globalization. In addition to these forces, there has also been an emergence of new, giant sports categories (e-sport, fantasy sport, etc.), and the sports sector, like every other area, will continue to adapt to the new realities of today's world. Lirone Glikman VP of Partnerships, HYPE Sports Innovation Pursuant to our research, we understood some segments in sport remained similar to their traditional form, even in some instances predating the current iteration by hundreds of years (swimming). While technology has increased the development of other sectors, such as science and medicine, transportation, communication and others, sports has remained the same.
In addition- clubs, federations, and sports apparel companies have kept their traditional point of view and were not open to any changes that would shake the existing "status quo".
Over the past decade, as technology has become more significant in our lives, and the world more dependent on the internet and the digitalized technology, the behaviour and needs of fans, athletes and decision-makers has shifted;
The newest generation of sports consumers no longer experience sports as a "linear event" - that is, watching a game on one screen or at the stadium. Rather, it is becoming an increasingly social event, with multiple screens and parallel inputs, and in some cases across multiple social media feeds simultaneously. The threshold to excite the audience
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has increased, encouraging athletes to perform better and break more records. As a result, monetization models have changed and become more challenging.
In addition, predictions about the future roles that will rule industry rely more on technology, bots and collaborative robots, meaning a significant amount of roles are going to change or be obsolete. According to Stephen Rodwell, Business Strategy Lecturer at Torrens University and researcher into Robotic Service: "There would very much still be a place for multiple human facilitators/experts within this new paradigm, but they'll need to complement and improve their skill bases to incorporate the combined and systematic use of these new technologies, if they'll want to compete in the marketplace. "
The Perfect Storm of Sports & Innovation
As needs were born from the various sports segments and sectors in a relatively short time, a burst of innovation in the sports industry took place. In the last 7 years the sports industry has experienced a massive paradigm shift: more startups have risen bringing new innovative solutions to the various aspects of sports, for example, augmented reality, fan engagement, artificial intelligence, performance and analytics, broadcasting, wearable and sensors, big data and more.
The Investment in sport technology has risen significantly since 2010
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On the other end, venture capitalists together with sports brands and clubs have been focusing their investment into new technological innovation. This has resulted in advanced research & development departments and the acquisition of startups that bring innovative solutions that result in significant ROI. Investment in sport technology has risen from 300 million dollars in 2010 to 4.5 billion dollars in 2017.
All this has allowed for academies and governments to create programs that prepare the individual for this new innovative sports world, one they can play in, lead and shape.
Today we are in the midst of this Perfect Storm, the era where anything in sport is possible and more funds are invested into transforming the world of sports.
Examples of the Transformation in the Sports World
‧Broadcasting: global technology giant Intel, purchased a start-up called "Replay" for $175 Million in 2017. Replay Technologies has developed multi-dimensional video imaging technologies which allows viewers to see and experience real-life scenes through immersive camera views from multiple angles. ‧Training: SAP partnered with German Bundesliga TSG Hoffenheim club, enabling them to highlight innovation, for example, adding sensors and devices that allow them to measure and improve athlete training, helping them reach peak performance.
German Bundesliga TSG Hoffenheim training center Adidas Forgefiber
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They have also introduced new innovations within the ticketing and audience engagements, improving the experience of their fans. ‧Apparel and footwear: in 2017 Adidas launched its Forgefiber technology - an innovative new stitching technology inspired by body movement and the exploration of how organic cell structures grow. Forgefiber provides 30% more resistance than any average construction and, thanks to changes in the density and angles of the stitching, can behave in a variety of ways depending on the sport. The result is a design that not only offers more support while using less thread, but one that fits more precisely.
HYPE Sports Innovation's Mission
In this Perfect Storm, where emerging innovation are rapidly changing the way people practice, consume, and view sports around the world, HYPE Sports Innovation was established with the intent of connecting the various stakeholders of the industry: startups, technology and sports brands & clubs, investors and academia.
We are home to the largest sports innovation ecosystem with over 29,000 leaders and key decision makers.
HYPE Sports Innovation has teamed up with Google, ASICS, Microsoft, UEFA and Spalding among many others, and is managing the activities in the areas of: ‧HYPE Capital: sports innovation investment fund ‧SPIN Accelerators: the first network of sports startup accelerators, hosted by academic institutions and sports clubs ‧Events: global competitions and expos alongside major sporting events ‧Top 50 program: unmatched exposure and industry access to leading sports startups ‧Innovation League: addressing challenges of elite clubs and teams ‧Leaders' Box: developing the sector through an exclusive forum of 100 industry leaders This is how HYPE Sports Innovation is having a real impact on people's life through the power of sports and innovation.
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The Unparalleled Advantage of Sports Talents
While the entrepreneurs in the sports tech field come from various backgrounds, former professional athletes have the best advantage of all. As they experienced their sport in high resolution, they know its challenges and problems better than anyone else. Their professional experience has equipped them with the best skills and endurance to becoming successful entrepreneurs. These being: ‧Leadership ‧Mental strength and self-belief ‧Competitive & aim to improve ‧Creativity ‧Team oriented ‧Coachable
Becoming a sports startup entrepreneur holds great benefits for former athletes these days, as it does for governments, academies, commercial bodies and other institutions. This synergy between startups and other organisations will allow for the further transformation of the sports world, increasing the amount HYPE Sports Innovation Team of opportunities, and enhancing the skills and best practices that are needed in the coming years as the industry evolve. In addition, sports entrepreneurs and their companies will assist in the development of local economies in a way that has a greater impact on the sports sector, but benefits all.
HYPE Solution to Develop Both Sport Talents and the Economy
In light of the great financial and career development opportunities the sports tech industry has to offer governments, universities, sport and tech corporates and the
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entrepreneurs, HYPE's SPIN Accelerator program has been designed to allow all parties to reach new levels and shape the world of sports-innovation. The SPIN Accelerator is a network of sports startups accelerators, currently operating in three continents, six economies and rapidly expanding. This unique program, hosted by universities, governments and sports clubs, provides a tailored curriculum that prepares sports startups to grow and excel in their markets. The 4 month program cherry picks 10 leading early stage startups and features industry's top executives as lecturers. It combines top-tier practical information with exposure to decision-makers and investors. Our current cycle has resulted in 6 startups gaining a combined investment total of over 5 million dollars.
In this day and age almost any good idea can become a vivid innovative solution, there is almost nothing that cannot be invented and developed by combining the great minds of talented athletes, developers, the right guidance, and a burning desire to make a difference.
Are you in the game?
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How Athletes Can Approach Sponsorship with an Entrepreneurial Mindset
With the advent of technology, the shift in consumer influences, and the age of authenticity, now more than ever it is vital for athletes to think outside the square when it comes to sponsorship.
Entrepreneurial thinking is a game changer for athletes who are seeking sponsorship. There are many reasons why an athlete may seek sponsorship, the main ones are: ‧It is a means of financially supporting their journey as an athlete; Vickie Saunders ‧Athletes can grow their profile through the activities Founder of The Sponsorship Consultants they do for their sponsors, thus making athletes themselves more valuable to the sponsors as well as opening the door to many valuable opportunities; ‧Sponsorship can create a great transition for athletes when they retire from sport as they have already gained experience, grown a network, established a positive reputation and created an environment that supports their next career moves.
Sponsorship also gives athletes an incredible insight into: ‧Themselves and their interests and skills beyond sport; ‧The business world, from local small businesses right through to global brands and organisations; ‧What they might like to do as a career or source of income after their time as an athlete; ‧The concept of having to give back and not just receive handouts or donations; and it is this mindset that is at the core of entrepreneurial thinking.
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Many successful entrepreneurs will reflect on how they started in their basement or kitchen, and really had to think outside the square and dig deep to survive the start up phase of their business.
Athletes already have these skills, and they are incredibly resilient, so it is a natural step for them to approach sponsorship with this skillset, teamed with the concept of giving value back to their sponsors.
Essentially, for many athletes, it really is "them against the world" when it comes to sponsorship, and they have to become their own brand. Their own business. Their own marketing department, sales department and CEO all in one! Just as an entrepreneur would do, they approach a challenging situation with their own unique value and ideas, and they seek to create relationships with businesses who can help them achieve their ambitions in sport (and life).
In the past (and unfortunately, some are still doing this) athletes used to request sponsorship and offer very little in return. It was assumed that their activity as an athlete would somehow offer value to a sponsor. That if they won a race it would result in sales for their sponsors. Very, very rarely is this ever the case, and as such more businesses (and thankfully more athletes too) are starting to look at sponsorship from a very different lens.
The way sponsorship is viewed these days is that the exchange of value must be greater than a simple transaction of the sponsor giving the athlete items or services, or finance in return for the athlete doing their sport, or at best, displaying their sponsor's logo on their clothes or website.
Sponsorship has matured into a relationship where the athlete's skills, personality, story, network and interests outside of sport come into play, and so when the athlete starts to see themselves as a whole and multifaceted entity, the exchange of value goes from being 2 dimensional to becoming an exciting, multidimensional partnership.
When an athlete approaches sponsorship with knowledge about the business they are seeking sponsorship from in terms of that businesses objectives, market and activities
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(internal operations as well as marketing and other activities) they can then marry that up with their own skills, interests and ambitions.
Some of the creative ways athlete's can give value to sponsors includes: ‧Athlete's who love photography offering this as a skill they can use for sponsors; ‧Athletes who are great writers offering to write blogs that sponsors can use in their advertising; ‧Athletes who are painters, creating a bespoke painting for the charity partner of their sponsor to auction off at a fundraising event; ‧Athletes who are wanting to gain experience using technology platforms and social media skills, gaining training and practical experience as part of the value exchange with their sponsor.
When an athlete starts to approach sponsorship with this holistic and entrepreneurial view, the sky really is the limit!
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Athlete to Entrepreneur
After making the 2012 Olympic Team, and spending over 15 years of my life training as a track and field athlete, I realized it was time to figure out what I wanted to do next. My time as a track and field athlete was coming to an end, and it was time to take the leap that many athletes struggle with. The transition away from the sport was not as hard of a move for me like it is for so many other athletes.
I was able to transition to entrepreneurship Ian Warner easily because I spent years working on learning Founder & CEO of Kho Labs entrepreneurship before I retired. My learning process consisted of starting small businesses with lower risk to them because my focus was still on being an athlete. I also read a lot so I could apply new ideas and see what worked and what did not work. The best way to learn is by doing trying, reflecting and then trying to do it better.
The mistake many athletes make is waiting until they retire to start thinking of what to do next. Since I had been having success as an athlete, I used that success to learn how to run a successful business. I also learned how to fail and keep going. I ran a blog that helps athletes, started a clothing line, a punch card mobile app, a custom tie company, and a social media marketing agency before I retired from the sport. Each business has taught me an important lesson that has helped me to succeed today.
The clothing line taught me the importance of knowing your limits and finding partners who are as all in as you are. The punch card mobile app taught me the importance of understanding the abilities of your team. The tie company taught me why it can never just be all about the money. My social media agency taught me how to build an effective
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team. All of these lessons have come together to give me a skill set that only experience can teach.
The reason that working on my entrepreneurial craft before retirement helped so much is because it took away a lot of the risk. Since I was still running, that was my primary focus. By not having the risk of having to depend 100% on entrepreneurship, allowed me to focus on learning quickly from all of my failures.
Once I retired from track and field, I had so many lessons to rely on. For years I had an idea that I had been waiting for the right time to start. During my athletic career, I suffered numerous injuries and setbacks including a hip and back fracture as well as a spiral fractured tibia, and many other muscular strains. I knew that there needed to be a new solution for helping athletes.
When I started searching for different healthcare providers that could help my needs, I found myself lost. There was way to look at all of my options and compare them in the same way that you can when you are buying a car. I knew that needed to change. This feeling felt great because I was starting a company that was solving a problem I cared a lot about.
In 2017, I started Kho Labs to solve the athletic injury problem. Kho connects injured athletes with healthcare providers. Athletes can download the iOS or Android apps or just go to our website get guidance towards the correct healthcare providers for their needs. Healthcare providers can use the app to market their Kho Health makes sure that athletes get the treatment they need to stay healthy. business by building relationships
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with these athletes.
Starting Kho has been a dream come true for me because I am solving a problem I have spent most of my life suffering from. I would not be in the position that we are in without having to fail and face early setbacks while I was an athlete. Had I of waited until after track to dive into entrepreneurship, I would not have been able to take the same risks and learn as much as I did. The key to the transition from athlete to entrepreneur is to get started as soon as you can so you can start learning and improving.
Entrepreneurship pushes you mentally to be something much greater than you ever thought you could be. That is exactly what being an athlete does both physically and mentally. Athletes are the perfect people to overcome the challenge called entrepreneurship. If you sit down and write down all of the traits you have developed being an athlete, you will quickly see that you have everything you need to succeed.
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Embracing the Era of Sports Digitalization
The Development of Sports Science
The domain of sports encompasses an entire chain of industries from professional competition management to sports marketing. Among these industries, the discipline of sports science in particular is closely associated with human activity. Sports science research focuses on how sports, as an essential human activity, affects peoples' health and on effective training to enhance sports performance. An area that covers such a wide range Dr. Hsin-Fu Kuo, CEO of of fields naturally includes many individual areas of bOMDIC Inc. expertise (Fig. 1). It is a complex, interdisciplinary science. Research related to sports science can be traced back to ancient Greece.1 Galen's studies on aerobic endurance and muscle strength laid the foundation for ancient Greek physiology; all told, he wrote 87 discourses on health promotion, and these studies inspired the research of future generations. Research associated with sports science has flourished since the beginning of the 19th century, and the number of articles in medical journals has significantly increased over the years. Besides fundamental issues of
Figure 1. Areas of sports science Blue: Traditional sports science fields; Orange: new sports science fields that emerged in the digital era
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motor behavior involving exercise time, speed, acceleration, and fatigue levels, the most crucial component to understanding the responses of the human body is the analysis of changes in heart rate. Such research can be traced back four decades to the beginning of sports data digitalization.
Currently, heart rate is one of the few physiological signs that can be measured both during and after exercise. It directly reflects the body's condition at the moment of measurement. The collection of heart rate data emerged after the development of transistors. It was transistors that enabled heart rate measurement to advance from merely checking the pulse to today's echocardiography. In the 1980s, Finnish company Polar Electro conducted a series of studies that examined the relationship between heart rate, exercise intensity, and lactic acid levels. These studies led to a shift in sports physiology research from its initial explicit emphasis on workout conditions to a new focus on the interactive processes between physiological responses and the external state.2 Heart rate serves as a critical physiological signal, and the application and
Figure 2. Heart rate zones
interpretation of these signals is a discipline in itself. After decades of research, scientists can now use heart rate measurements to interpret how explicit exercise intensity parameters such as time, velocity, and distance impact the body. In the 1970s, Dr. William
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Haskell and Dr. Samuel Fox3 developed heart rate zones (Fig. 2) and other useful tools to help coaches and athletes define workout intensity and formulate training objectives.
If we view heart rate analysis as a part of the evolution of the digitalization of exercise physiology for ball sports such as the National Basketball Association (NBA) or Major League Baseball (MLB), we would find that the collection and analysis of data on the athletes turned statistical data into a powerful force that became a significant factor in the winning percentages of professional teams. An approach worth mentioning is Sabermetrics, which is typically used in baseball analysis. The approach emerged in the late 1970s, when a number of statistical analyses of the performance of baseball players had already been carried out. Well-known baseball statistician Bill James coined the term "Sabermetrics" after a series of analyses of baseball statistics carried out by the Society for American Baseball Research (SABR).
That statistical analysis of data could have a decisive effect was proved by the Oakland Athletics' legendary record in 2002. Billy Beane, the team manager at the time, overturned conventional team assessment models by abandoning the subjective assessment approach and adopting objective statistical data analysis instead. This change led the team to tie the MLB record of twenty consecutive wins in 2002. Later, author Michael Lewis based his best-seller, Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair Game, on this event. The Moneyball strategy described in the book was derived from the concept of big data. The importance placed on the statistical analysis of sports data has only grown since then. The market value of sports data analysis had reached US $760 million in 2016, and is expected to reach US $1.55 billion in 2023, showing that statistical data analysis has become an indispensable tool in professional sports and entertainment. 4
Trends and Opportunities in Sports Digitalization
The world of professional sports has enthusiastically welcomed digitalization, and the Mobile Age has also driven the rapid development of amateur sports. In China, roughly a hundred million people, 77% of whom are under the age of 35, use sports apps.5 The
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United States, the global leader in digital sports, has a monthly average of 60 million unique users of sports apps.6 This user volume has produced extensive data for sports science and accelerated the popularization of sports science applications. For runners, tracking running habits was difficult prior to the mobile era, and weekly running distances, times, and locations could not be effectively stored and recorded. With today's smartphones, activity tracking has become a free and universal service. The extensive user databases maintained by sports app developers have turned themselves into hot acquisition targets for famous sports brands (Table 1). Brands acquire sports apps in the hope of retaining customers through digital services and providing virtual integration of product and content. At the same time, they use these apps to analyze workout habits to strengthen the effectiveness of product research and development. As an example, they might track the exercise habits of people who run full marathons, including their monthly training volume, number of competitions each year, and length of time before replacing their running shoes. These data are extremely valuable for shoe manufacturers, and they can be applied by manufacturers to create products that are more compatible with their customers' needs.
Table 1. Acquisition cost, number of users, acquirer, and supported sports categories
The advent of the mobile era has accelerated sports digitalization and popularized wearable devices and other sports tech such as sports bands, sports watches, cycling watches, and smart baseballs and soccer balls. The technology in these devices includes
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Figure 3. Functions required for sports electronics (wearable devices)
sensor components, algorithm development, and the design and development of water/dust-resistant capabilities, power management, and wireless transmission (Fig. 3). In addition, the User interface design process for sports gear is far more difficult than in laptops or other electronics products due to the considerable disparities between different sports. By uploading the data collected from sports wearables to the cloud and then consolidating and interpreting the data through machine learning or AI computation, analysts can identify users' usage habits and skill levels. These findings can be analyzed to provide tailored recommendations to users or offer them paid services, thereby creating a new economic cycle.
The wearable electronics market is growing at an average annual rate of 17%7. Each year, roughly 120 million sports- or health-related devices are sold7. Therefore, the outlook for this market is very promising. For example, the average unit price of smartwatches is US $220. The gross profit performance of such products is satisfactory, considering the current downturn in the electronics industry. With their highly useful services, smart watches could become essential devices alongside mobile phones and computers.
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The core aspect of the digital era in sports is software services, and software services must be assisted by hardware. Therefore, integrated software-hardware solutions provided for users of traditional sports services (e.g., coaching instruction) would be an incredibly welcome business model for consumers. Overseas fitness giant TechnoGym8 provides fitness equipment with software-hardware integration that is linked to the cloud, allowing the company to provide its users with personalized service. Coaches can collect and analyze data to provide their athletes with suitable training programs. Digital wearable technologies have taken sports science to a new level. They will inevitably shape the exercise patterns and habits of users in the future.
Athletes' Needs in the Digital Era
In the local arena, development in the sports industry was originally dependent on the involvement of coaches and other professionals in fields such as sports training, fitness equipment, sports marketing, materials science, and chemical science. After digitalization and the popularization of software-hardware integration services, the electronics industry and software industry began to play key roles in the sports industry. Even statisticians compete for positions as big data analysts in the sports industry.
In figure 1 above, it can be seen that the advent of the digital era accelerated the emergence and development of many new domains in the sports industry. Demand for experts in data science, statistics, mechanics, and electronics has grown, particularly for professionals with interdisciplinary specializations. For example, strength and fitness coaches who are also well versed in statistical and physiological analysis are in high demand in the digital era, and technical coaches able to apply high-end technologies to strengthen athletes' explosivness or improve their technical skills are an indispensable force for professional sports teams. These examples clearly show that the demand for interdisciplinary professionals will outgrow that for traditional professionals in the future. At GoMore, we consolidate the research and development capabilities of professionals from a variety of specializations, including sports science, digital electronics, statistics, data science, software data, and databasing, into the field of sports science. It is
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inevitable that in the digital era, the value of interdisciplinary professionals in the field of sports science will outweigh that of professionals who possess only a single specialization.
Judging from past history, sports science has entered a stage in which several disparate fields are gradually consolidating, and this in turn is having an increasing impact on the professional sports system. We anticipate that our member economy can apply our past experience as a leader in digital hardware to enter the field of sports science. In the digital era, sports industry professionals must endeavor to develop interdisciplinary specializations and adopt optimized scientific training approaches to safeguard athletes while maximizing their performance. Instead of just watching the game, we should consider how many professionals from different industries contributed their expertise in order to put it together. The ability to play a central role in the digitalization and development of the sports industry could potentially strengthen economic growth by significant margin. The key lies in whether we are prepared to dedicate ourselves to fostering professionals with interdisciplinary capabilities to enter the sports industry.
References
1.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_science 2.Training Lactate Pulse-Rate, by Peter Janssen (1987) 3.'Maximum' Heart Rate Theory Is Challenged by Gina Kolata, The New York Times (2001) 4.Sports Player Tracking and Analytics: Market Shares, Strategies, and Forecasts, Worldwide, 2017 to 2023, by WinterGreen Research (2017) 5.Chinese social fitness app Keep reaches 100 million users, by Rita Liao (2017) 6. https://www.vertoanalytics.com/?utm_campaign=partnerships&utm_ medium=research&utm_source=Statista 7.Forecast: Wearable Electronic Devices, Worldwide, 2017. By Gartner (2017) 8.https://www.technogym.com/us/
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Perspectives on Regional Sports Issues
International Association of Event Hosts (IAEH) Delegation Visited Taipei, Sharing Sports Event Hosting Experiences
A delegation from the International Association of Event Hosts (IAEH) visited Taipei from April 20 to April 22, 2018 at the invitation of the Sports Administration. On April 21, an exchange symposium was held at the Howard Plaza Hotel Taipei. In attendance at the symposium were government officials from the six major cities, the Tourism Bureau, and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, as well as scholars, experts, representatives from sports organizations, and foreign diplomats stationed in Taipei. Together, they discussed and shared their event hosting experiences.
IAEH delegation with government officials, experts and scholars in Taipei.
The IAEH is an international organization established in September 2017 by governmental, municipal, and regional sports authorities and non-governmental sports organizations. It provides a platform for members to work together to generate the best possible value from hosting major events, and to provide a voice for not-for-profit event
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Perspectives on Regional Sports Issues
hosts. Locally, nearly one hundred international sporting events are hosted very year. Moreover, the success of the 2017 Summer Universiade has increased public's interest in sports and raised the bar for the hosting of international sporting events. Governmental departments such as the Sports IAEH Director and Visit Tampere COO Perttu Pesä makes the opening speech. Administration and New Taipei City therefore joined the IAEH in November 2017 with the aim of establishing a communications platform with other governments or non-governmental organizations to learn from their event hosting experiences.
The members of the IAEH delegation included Chairman Dr. Munehiko Harada of Japan Sport Tourism Alliance, Senior Manager Dr. Chuta Tharachai of Thailand Convention and Exhibition Bureau, General Manager Tony Nagamaiah of Malaysia Convention and Exhibition Bureau, COO Perttu Pesä of Visit Tampere, CEO Georg Spazier of Innsbruck- Tirol Sports, and Executive Assistant Olga Correia of IAEH. They shared their experiences bidding for and organizing sporting competitions in their respective cities. The following is the summary of the information that was shared.
In the past, Japan's tourism industry found it difficult to link sports with tourism. As time passed, the rising popularity of participatory sporting events such as marathons or Ironman triathlons, the hosting of international sporting events, and surging interest in exercise and training led to the evolution of sports tourism, which combines participation and sightseeing. It
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Perspectives on Regional Sports Issues
was due to these circumstances that the Japan Sport Tourism Association was formed in 2012.
The chairman, Dr. Harada of the Japan Sport Tourism Association says Japan's National Tourism Organization data show that the number of international visitors to Japan has increased substantially since 2015, reaching 24 million in 2016 and 28 million in 2017. This number is expected to hit 34 million in 2018. During the next three years, Japan will host not only the 2020 Summer Olympics and the Paralympic Games, but also the 2019 Rugby World Cup and the 2021 World Masters Games. It is expected that these events will continue to stimulate the growth of the tourism industry.
Malaysia Major Events is a division of the Malaysia Convention and Exhibition Bureau (MyCEB), an agency under Malaysia's Ministry of Tourism and Culture. Malaysia Major Events'primary mission is to make Malaysia the venue of choice for sports, arts, and entertainment events in Asia.
Malaysia's capital, Kuala Lumpur, has 28 stadiums and 4 large-scale convention centers, making it extremely suitable for the hosting of sporting competitions or international conferences. In 2018, Malaysia hosted the Asian Track Championships. It will also host important competitions such as the 2018 Asia Pacific Masters Games and the 2019 International Waterski & Wakeboard Federation (IWWF) Waterski World Championships. The completion of new hardware and software facilities at its venues is expected to help turn Kuala Lumpur into a sports city, and will help to integrate sports and tourism to draw more tourists to Malaysia.
Tampere is the third largest city in Finland. It is home to nearly 200 sports clubs, with ice hockey reigning as the most popular sport. Basketball, volleyball and floorball are also widely played.
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Perspectives on Regional Sports Issues
Every year, ice hockey, volleyball, basketball, and floorball competitions draw nearly 1.3 million spectators. In recent years, Tampere has hosted several large-scale competitions such as the European Wresting Championships, the Karate World Championships, and the European Athletics U23 Championships. It has also bid to host other international sporting events. This year, it will host the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) World U20 Championships, and in 2022, it will once again host the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) World Championship.
Tampere launched its Five-star City Centre development program in 2015. The program includes a variety of hardware and software projects, and the completion date is scheduled for 2030. The program also calls for the construction of a multi-use arena for sports, entertainment, and cultural events. It is hoped that this integration of sports and tourism will spur the city's development.
Austria's Innsbruck Tirol-Sports was formed in 2012 as a legacy of the 2012 Winter Youth Olympics. Its primary missions are to bid for and organize sporting competitions, and to implement youth and sports programs. Innsbruck's geographical location has made it a renowned winter sports center, and it has hosted numerous winter sporting events including the 2005 Winter Universiade, the 2005 IIHF World Championship, the 2007 World Luge Championships, and the 2012 Winter Youth Olympics. Innsbruck was also one of the host cities when Austria hosted the 2008 Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) European Football Championship, the 2010 European Handball Federation (EHF) European Men's Handball Championship, the 2011 Men's European Volleyball Championship, and the 2011 International Federation of American Football (IFAF) World Championship.
Innsbruck is located in the heart of the Alps, making it suitable for mountain biking events. It hosted Cranworx, the penultimate celebration of world-class mountain biking, from June 13 to 17, 2018. The competition was broadcast live to 22 countries via
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Perspectives on Regional Sports Issues
television and the Internet, and on-site spectators are anticipated to number around 20,000. From Sept. 22 to 30, Innsbruck will host the 2018 Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) Road World Championships.
In recent years, Thailand has worked hard to promote the development of its meetings, incentives, conferences, and exhibitions (MICE) sector. This sector is flourishing due to Thailand's world-class conference and exhibition new hardware facilities, world-class international aviation infrastructure, quality tourism services, and cooperation between the public and private sectors in the MICE industry. For instance, the Thailand Convention and Exhibition Bureau (TCEB) is a public organization tasked with promoting and developing business events in Thailand. Since 2004, TCEB has worked on providing flexible, service-oriented support to meeting-goers, incentives winners, convention attendees and exhibition participants. Every year, an estimated 1.2 million people visit Thailand to attend conferences and exhibitions. Moreover, the Thai government has also begun to focus on organizing large-scale sports, cultural, arts, and entertainment events, in an effort to forge links with the younger generation. The Tourism Authority of Thailand will formulate a development strategy to stimulate economic growth through sports tourism with the aim of making Thailand a world-class "sports center."
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ASPN Related Events
2018
2018 FISU World University Baseball Champion 6 Place: Chiayi City
Jul The best college baseball players in the world were pitted ▲ against each other at the FISU World University Baseball Championship, which kicked off after a spectacular opening ceremony in the city of Chiayi. Baseball has risen to such 15 heights of popularity in Asia that Chinese Taipei is hosting the WUC Baseball for a second time, after last playing this Jul part in 2004. 222 athletes and officials from 8 economies have converged in Chiayi to contest the 6th edition of the Championships, from July 6-July 15.
2018 William Jones Cup 14 Place: New Taipei City
Jul
The 2018 William Jones Cup was held at the Xinzhuang ▲ Gymnasium in New Taipei City. The men's tournament was held from July 14–July 22, which was participated by 11 teams while the women's tournament was held 29 from July 25–July 29, with 6 participating teams. Both tournaments followed a single round robin format. Jul
2018 Asian Men's Volleyball Cup 8 Place: Taipei City
Aug
The 2018 Asian Men's Volleyball Cup, so-called 2018 ▲ AVC Cup for Men will be the sixth edition of the Asian Men's Volleyball Cup, a biennial international volleyball tournament organized by the Asia Volleyball 15 Confederation (AVC) with Chinese Taipei Volleyball Association (CTVA). The tournament will be held in Aug Taipei from August 8 to 15.
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ASPN Related Events
2018 Asian Games 18 Place: Jakarta and Palembang
Aug
The 2018 Asian Games, officially known as the 18th Asian ▲ Games and also known as Jakarta Palembang 2018, is a pan-Asian multi-sport event scheduled to be held from August 18 to September 2 in the Indonesian cities of 2 Jakarta and Palembang. All 45 members of the Olympic Council of Asia are scheduled to participate in the games, Sep which included 462 events in 40 disciplines. Ranked the second-largest program in Asian Games history, there are some additional disciplines including 3X3 basketball and BMX freestyle are added this year. Another remarkable fact is that, for the first time in Asian Games history, eSports will be contested as a demonstration sport in the Games.
2018 Formula 1: Singapore Grand Prix 14 Place: Singapore
Sep
The Formula One Singapore Grand Prix was the inaugural ▲ F1 night race back in 2008, and has since been an annual event that car enthusiasts from all over the world look forward to watching in the month of September. The event 16 this year will be held between September 14 and 16 on the Marina Bay Street Circuit, the first street circuit in Asia for F1 Sep races.
2018 BNP Paribas WTA Finals Singapore 21 Place: Singapore
Oct
The 2018 WTA Finals will take place at the Singapore Indoor ▲ Stadium the week of October 21st, 2018, and will be the 48th edition of the event. It will be the final year Singapore is scheduled to be hosting for the event. The tournament is 28 run by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) as part of the 2018 WTA Tour. It's worth mentioning that former world Oct No.1 Lindsay Davenport will return as ambassador for the tournament.
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ASPN Related Events
CALL FOR ARTICLES
This FT (Feature Topic) targets a mixed audience of researchers and investigators from public and private sectors, including those from ASPN members, APEC member economies, other experts and business representative, to share and exchange new concepts, ideas, principles, and methodologies, aiming to advance education and career development for athletes. We seek high quality articles for the column of Perspectives on Regional Sports Issues, which, have not been published elsewhere to topics of interest including, but not limited to, the following:
● Sports Industry Development
● Sports Facility Management
● Sports for All
● School Physical Education
● Training Programs for Competitive Athletes
● APEC Regional Sports Games (policies to support holding the sports games, volunteer training, venue operation⋯etc)
SUBMISSIONS
Article length (introduction through conclusions) should be between 700 and 1,000 words with picture(s). All articles must be submitted through the APEC Sports Policy Network (ASPN) Secretariat (Ms. Lily Pu: [email protected]). Please kindly submit your article in the form of Microsoft word format (.doc or .docx), if you used latex software for article preparation, please send your article in PDF format. Once your article is adopted by the ASPN Secretariat, you will receive the remuneration of US$100 for your contribution.
Publisher: Dr. Chin-Hsung Kao, Executive Director, APEC Sports Policy Network Secretariat Email: [email protected] ASPN Website: https://aspn.tier.org.tw/index_e.aspx 55