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Illinois Fossils Doc 2005
State of Illinois Illinois Department of Natural Resources Illinois Fossils Illinois Department of Natural Resources he Illinois Fossils activity book from the Illinois Department of Natural Resources’ (IDNR) Division of Education is designed to supplement your curriculum in a vari- ety of ways. The information and activities contained in this publication are targeted toT grades four through eight. The Illinois Fossils resources trunk and lessons can help you T teach about fossils, too. You will find these and other supplemental items through the Web page at https://www2.illinois.gov/dnr/education/Pages/default.aspx. Contact the IDNR Division of Education at 217-524-4126 or [email protected] for more information. Collinson, Charles. 2002. Guide for beginning fossil hunters. Illinois State Geological Survey, Champaign, Illinois. Geoscience Education Series 15. 49 pp. Frankie, Wayne. 2004. Guide to rocks and minerals of Illinois. Illinois State Geological Survey, Champaign, Illinois. Geoscience Education Series 16. 71 pp. Killey, Myrna M. 1998. Illinois’ ice age legacy. Illinois State Geological Survey, Champaign, Illinois. Geoscience Education Series 14. 67 pp. Much of the material in this book is adapted from the Illinois State Geological Survey’s (ISGS) Guide for Beginning Fossil Hunters. Special thanks are given to Charles Collinson, former ISGS geologist, for the use of his fossil illustrations. Equal opportunity to participate in programs of the Illinois Department of Natural Resources (IDNR) and those funded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and other agencies is available to all individuals regardless of race, sex, national origin, disability, age, reli-gion or other non-merit factors. -
Xiphosurans from the Westphalian D of the Radstock Basin, Somerset Coalfield, the South Wales Coalfield and Mazon Creek, Illinois
Xiphosurans from the Westphalian D of the Radstock Basin, Somerset Coalfield, the South Wales Coalfield and Mazon Creek, Illinois Lyall I. Anderson ANDERSON, L. I. 1994. Xiphosurans from the Westphalian D of the Radstock Basin, Somerset Coalfield, the South Wales Coalfield and Mazon Creek, Illinois. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association, 105, 265-275. Euproops kilmersdonensis Ambrose & Romano, 1972 is proposed as a synonym of Euproops danae (Meek & Worthen, 1865) from Mazon Creek, Illinois. Five other species attributed to Euproops Meek, 1867 and one species attributed to Prestwichianella nitida Dix & Pringle, 1929, from the Westphalian D of the South Wales Coalfield, described by Dix & Pringle (1929, 1930) are also synonymized with E. danae. In addition, six species described by Raymond (1944) from Mazon Creek are synonymized with E. danae. The taphonomic processes acting upon xiphosuran body fossils produce spurious morphological differences between speci mens, which have been used in the past to define species. It is concluded that species diversity within the Carboniferous Xiphosura was low, contrary to previous reports (Fisher, 1984). The mode of life of E. danae is re-evaluated in the light of trace fossils recently described by Pollard & Hardy (1991) from Writhlington Geological Nature Reserve, and from palaeophysiological considerations. Department of Geology, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL. 1. INTRODUCTION would have served previous workers well had they taken Xiphosuran body fossils collected from the mine tip of this into consideration. However, there is another factor the Kilmersdon Colliery near Radstock, Somerset by which could potentially cause distortion of a fossil: students of the Department of Geology, University of dorso-ventral compressional approximation, and it was Sheffield were described as Euproops kilmersdonensis recognition of this that prompted re-examination of Ambrose & Romano, 1972. -
001-012 Primeras Páginas
PUBLICACIONES DEL INSTITUTO GEOLÓGICO Y MINERO DE ESPAÑA Serie: CUADERNOS DEL MUSEO GEOMINERO. Nº 9 ADVANCES IN TRILOBITE RESEARCH ADVANCES IN TRILOBITE RESEARCH IN ADVANCES ADVANCES IN TRILOBITE RESEARCH IN ADVANCES planeta tierra Editors: I. Rábano, R. Gozalo and Ciencias de la Tierra para la Sociedad D. García-Bellido 9 788478 407590 MINISTERIO MINISTERIO DE CIENCIA DE CIENCIA E INNOVACIÓN E INNOVACIÓN ADVANCES IN TRILOBITE RESEARCH Editors: I. Rábano, R. Gozalo and D. García-Bellido Instituto Geológico y Minero de España Madrid, 2008 Serie: CUADERNOS DEL MUSEO GEOMINERO, Nº 9 INTERNATIONAL TRILOBITE CONFERENCE (4. 2008. Toledo) Advances in trilobite research: Fourth International Trilobite Conference, Toledo, June,16-24, 2008 / I. Rábano, R. Gozalo and D. García-Bellido, eds.- Madrid: Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, 2008. 448 pgs; ils; 24 cm .- (Cuadernos del Museo Geominero; 9) ISBN 978-84-7840-759-0 1. Fauna trilobites. 2. Congreso. I. Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, ed. II. Rábano,I., ed. III Gozalo, R., ed. IV. García-Bellido, D., ed. 562 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system now known or to be invented, without permission in writing from the publisher. References to this volume: It is suggested that either of the following alternatives should be used for future bibliographic references to the whole or part of this volume: Rábano, I., Gozalo, R. and García-Bellido, D. (eds.) 2008. Advances in trilobite research. Cuadernos del Museo Geominero, 9. -
Primitive Soft-Bodied Cephalopods from the Cambrian
ACCEPTED DRAFT Please note that this is not the final manuscript version. Links to the published manuscript, figures, and supplementary information can be found at http://individual.utoronto.ca/martinsmith/nectocaris.html doi: 10.1038/nature09068 Smith & Caron 2010, Page 1 Primitive soft-bodied cephalopods from the Cambrian Martin R. Smith 1, 2* & Jean-Bernard Caron 2, 1 1Departent of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord Street, Ontario, M5S 3G5, Canada 2Department of Palaeobiology, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen ’s Park, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2C6, Canada *Author for correspondence The exquisite preservation of soft-bodied animals in Burgess Shale-type deposits provides important clues into the early evolution of body plans that emerged during the Cambrian explosion 1. Until now, such deposits have remained silent regarding the early evolution of extant molluscan lineages – in particular the cephalopods. Nautiloids, traditionally considered basal within the cephalopods, are generally depicted as evolving from a creeping Cambrian ancestor whose dorsal shell afforded protection and buoyancy 2. Whilst nautiloid-like shells occur from the Late Cambrian onwards, the fossil record provides little constraint on this model, or indeed on the early evolution of cephalopods. Here, we reinterpret the problematic Middle Cambrian animal Nectocaris pteryx 3, 4 as a primitive (i.e. stem-group), non-mineralized cephalopod, based on new material from the Burgess Shale. Together with Nectocaris, the problematic Lower Cambrian taxa Petalilium 5 and (probably) Vetustovermis 6, 7 form a distinctive clade, Nectocarididae, characterized by an open axial cavity with paired gills, wide lateral fins, a single pair of long, prehensile tentacles, a pair of non-faceted eyes on short stalks, and a large, flexible anterior funnel. -
Evaluating the Frasnian-Famennian Mass Extinction: Comparing Brachiopod Faunas
Evaluating the Frasnian-Famennian mass extinction: Comparing brachiopod faunas PAUL COPPER Copper, P. 1998. Evaluating the Frasnian-Famennian mass extinction: Comparing bra- chiopod faunas.- Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 43,2,137-154. The Frasnian-Famennian (F-F) mass extinctions saw the global loss of all genera belonging to the tropically confined order Atrypida (and Pentamerida): though Famen- nian forms have been reported in the literafure, none can be confirmed. Losses were more severe during the Givetian (including the extinction of the suborder Davidsoniidina, and the reduction of the suborder Lissatrypidina to a single genus),but ońgination rates in the remaining suborder surviving into the Frasnian kept the group alive, though much reduced in biodiversity from the late Earb and Middle Devonian. In the terminal phases of the late Palmatolepis rhenana and P linguifurmis zones at the end of the Frasnian, during which the last few Atrypidae dechned, no new genera originated, and thus the Atrypida were extĘated. There is no evidence for an abrupt termination of all lineages at the F-F boundary, nor that the Atrypida were abundant at this time, since all groups were in decline and impoverished. Atypida were well established in dysaerobic, muddy substrate, reef lagoonal and off-reef deeper water settings in the late Givetian and Frasnian, alongside a range of brachiopod orders which sailed through the F-F boundary: tropical shelf anoxia or hypońa seems implausible as a cause for aĘpid extinction. Glacial-interglacial climate cycles recorded in South Ameńca for the Late Devonian, and their synchronous global cooling effect in low latitudes, as well as loss of the reef habitat and shelf area reduction, remain as the most likely combined scenarios for the mass extinction events. -
Paleozoic Geology of the Dobbin Summit-Clear Creek Area, Monitor
AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF DIANE CAROL WISE for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE in Geology presented on August 13, 1976 Title: PALEOZOIC GEOLOGY OF THE DOBBIN SUMMIT- CLEAR CREEK AREA, MONITOR RANGE, NYiE COUNTY, NEVADA Abstract approved: Redacted for Privacy son Paleozoic limestones, dolomites, quartz arenites, and other clastic rocks were mapped in the vicinity of Dobbin Summit and Clear Creek in the central Monitor Range. Sedimentary rock units present in this area represent the shallow-shelf eastern assemblage and basin and also the basin-slope facies of the traditional limestone- clastic assemblage. The four oldest, Ordovician, units were deposited in shallow shelf environments. The Lower Ordovician Goodwin Formation is composed of about 1200 feet of calcareous shales and thin-bedded limestones. The overlying Antelope Valley Limestone is about 500 feet thick and consists of wackestones, packstones, and rare algal grainstones.The Copenhagen Formation (135 feet thick) is the highest regressive deposit of sandstone, siltstone, and limestone below the transgressive Eureka Quartzite.The Eureka is a quartz arenite 181 feet thick, with an intercalated shallow marine dolomite member. The transition from shallow to deep water conditions can be seen in the change from algal boundstones to laminated lime mud- stones in the Hanson Creek Formation (190 feet thick).The super- jacent Roberts Mountains Formation (285 feet thick) is composed of lime mudstones and allodapic beds deposited in basinal, deep water conditions.During earliest Devonian -
Biodiversity, Distribution and Patterns of Extinction of the Last Odontopleuroid Trilobites During the Devonian (Givetian, Frasnian)
Geol. Mag. 144 (5), 2007, pp. 777–796. c 2007 Cambridge University Press 777 doi:10.1017/S0016756807003779 First published online 13 August 2007 Printed in the United Kingdom Biodiversity, distribution and patterns of extinction of the last odontopleuroid trilobites during the Devonian (Givetian, Frasnian) ∗ RAIMUND FEIST & KENNETH J. MCNAMARA† ∗Laboratoire de Paleontologie,´ Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution, Universite´ Montpellier II, Cc 062, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France †Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, UK (Received 18 September 2006; accepted 22 February 2007) Abstract – Biostratigraphical ranges and palaeogeographical distribution of mid-Givetian to end- Frasnian odontopleurids are investigated. The discovery of Leonaspis rhenohercynica sp. nov. in mid-Givetian strata extends this genus unexpectedly up to the late Middle Devonian. New material of Radiaspis radiata (Goldfuss, 1843) and the first koneprusiine in Britain, Koneprusia? sp., are described from the famous Lummaton shell-bed, Torquay, Devon. New taxa of Koneprusia, K. serrensis, K. aboussalamae, K. brevispina,andK. sp. A and K. sp. B are defined. Ceratocephala (Leonaspis) harborti Richter & Richter, 1926, is revised and reassigned to Gondwanaspis Feist, 2002. Two new species of Gondwanaspis, G. dracula and G. spinosa, plus three others left in open nomenclature, are described from the late Frasnian of Western Australia. A further species of Gondwanaspis, G. prisca, is described from the early Frasnian of Montagne Noire. Species of Gondwanaspis are shown to possess a number of paedomorphic features. A functional analysis suggests that, unlike other odontopleurids, Gondwanaspis actively fed and rested with the same cephalic orientation. The sole odontopleurid survivors of the severe terminal mid-Givetian biocrisis (‘Taghanic Event’) belong to the koneprusiine Koneprusia in the late Givetian and Frasnian, and, of cryptogenic origin, the acidaspidine Gondwanaspis in the Frasnian. -
Central Nervous System of a 310-My-Old Horseshoe Crab
https://doi.org/10.1130/G49193.1 Manuscript received 2 March 2021 Revised manuscript received 26 April 2021 Manuscript accepted 2 June 2021 © 2021 The Authors. Gold Open Access: This paper is published under the terms of the CC-BY license. Central nervous system of a 310-m.y.-old horseshoe crab: Expanding the taphonomic window for nervous system preservation Russell D.C. Bicknell1*, Javier Ortega-Hernández2, Gregory D. Edgecombe3, Robert R. Gaines4 and John R. Paterson1 1 Palaeoscience Research Centre, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia 2 Museum of Comparative Zoology and Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA 3 Department of Earth Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK 4 Geology Department, Pomona College, 185 E. Sixth Street, Claremont, California 91711, USA ABSTRACT reconstructing the complex evolutionary history The central nervous system (CNS) presents unique insight into the behaviors and ecology of Euarthropoda (Lamsdell, 2016). Euproops of extant and extinct animal groups. However, neurological tissues are delicate and prone danae shares similar prosomal appendage or- to rapid decay, and thus their occurrence as fossils is mostly confined to Cambrian Burgess ganization with the extant Limulus polyphemus Shale–type deposits and Cenozoic amber inclusions. We describe an exceptionally preserved (Linnaeus, 1758) (Haug and Rötzer, 2018) and CNS in the horseshoe crab Euproops danae from the late Carboniferous (Moscovian) Mazon is one of the best-documented fossil xiphosurids Creek Konservat-Lagerstätte in Illinois, USA. The E. danae CNS demonstrates that the general both within Mazon Creek (Raymond, 1945) prosomal synganglion organization has remained essentially unchanged in horseshoe crabs and globally (Haug and Rötzer, 2018; Bicknell for >300 m.y., despite substantial morphological and ecological diversification in that time. -
GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE V
GSA GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE v. 4.0 CENOZOIC MESOZOIC PALEOZOIC PRECAMBRIAN MAGNETIC MAGNETIC BDY. AGE POLARITY PICKS AGE POLARITY PICKS AGE PICKS AGE . N PERIOD EPOCH AGE PERIOD EPOCH AGE PERIOD EPOCH AGE EON ERA PERIOD AGES (Ma) (Ma) (Ma) (Ma) (Ma) (Ma) (Ma) HIST HIST. ANOM. (Ma) ANOM. CHRON. CHRO HOLOCENE 1 C1 QUATER- 0.01 30 C30 66.0 541 CALABRIAN NARY PLEISTOCENE* 1.8 31 C31 MAASTRICHTIAN 252 2 C2 GELASIAN 70 CHANGHSINGIAN EDIACARAN 2.6 Lopin- 254 32 C32 72.1 635 2A C2A PIACENZIAN WUCHIAPINGIAN PLIOCENE 3.6 gian 33 260 260 3 ZANCLEAN CAPITANIAN NEOPRO- 5 C3 CAMPANIAN Guada- 265 750 CRYOGENIAN 5.3 80 C33 WORDIAN TEROZOIC 3A MESSINIAN LATE lupian 269 C3A 83.6 ROADIAN 272 850 7.2 SANTONIAN 4 KUNGURIAN C4 86.3 279 TONIAN CONIACIAN 280 4A Cisura- C4A TORTONIAN 90 89.8 1000 1000 PERMIAN ARTINSKIAN 10 5 TURONIAN lian C5 93.9 290 SAKMARIAN STENIAN 11.6 CENOMANIAN 296 SERRAVALLIAN 34 C34 ASSELIAN 299 5A 100 100 300 GZHELIAN 1200 C5A 13.8 LATE 304 KASIMOVIAN 307 1250 MESOPRO- 15 LANGHIAN ECTASIAN 5B C5B ALBIAN MIDDLE MOSCOVIAN 16.0 TEROZOIC 5C C5C 110 VANIAN 315 PENNSYL- 1400 EARLY 5D C5D MIOCENE 113 320 BASHKIRIAN 323 5E C5E NEOGENE BURDIGALIAN SERPUKHOVIAN 1500 CALYMMIAN 6 C6 APTIAN LATE 20 120 331 6A C6A 20.4 EARLY 1600 M0r 126 6B C6B AQUITANIAN M1 340 MIDDLE VISEAN MISSIS- M3 BARREMIAN SIPPIAN STATHERIAN C6C 23.0 6C 130 M5 CRETACEOUS 131 347 1750 HAUTERIVIAN 7 C7 CARBONIFEROUS EARLY TOURNAISIAN 1800 M10 134 25 7A C7A 359 8 C8 CHATTIAN VALANGINIAN M12 360 140 M14 139 FAMENNIAN OROSIRIAN 9 C9 M16 28.1 M18 BERRIASIAN 2000 PROTEROZOIC 10 C10 LATE -
Prehistoric Animals, in Living Color Paleontologists Are Looking Beyond Bones to Reveal the Hues of Prehistoric Animals That Vanished Millions of Years Ago
NEWS FEATURE NEWS FEATURE Prehistoric animals, in living color Paleontologists are looking beyond bones to reveal the hues of prehistoric animals that vanished millions of years ago. But the young field has its share of disagreements. Amber Dance, Science Writer Michael Benton used to tell his paleontology students that Most of these colorful revelations have emerged from they would never know the true color of a dinosaur. After fossils that contain evidence of melanin pigments— all, even fossils that sport light or dark patches may not responsible for earth tones, such as red, black, brown, ’ indicate the creature s original hue. But in recent years, the and buff—or the tiny cellular bags, called melano- vertebrate paleontologist at the University of Bristol in the somes, which produce and store melanins. But some United Kingdom has had to revise those lectures. scientists are already identifying the brighter hues of In 2010, Benton and colleagues found evidence ancient snakes and insects. “Probably all of the colors that the feathered dinosaur Sinosauropteryx prima can eventually be identified,” predicts Benton. had reddish-brown stripes on its tail (1). The same year, The work is not only helping to repaint the colorful another group claimed that birdlike Anchiornis huxleyi pictures of dinosaurs that charm schoolchildren and bore a red crest on its head (2). Since then, others have discovered that a marine ichthyosaur was dark-colored, museum-goers. Color can provide clues about how and that the early bird Confuciusornis sanctus possessed animals lived, mated, or died. Bright feathers suggest dark feathers with light wing tips (3, 4) (Table 1). -
Age and Palaeoenvironments of the Manacapuru Formation, Presidente Figueiredo (AM) Region, Lochkovian of the Amazonas Basin
SILEIR RA A D B E E G D E A O D L E O I G C I A O ARTICLE BJGEO S DOI: 10.1590/2317-4889201920180130 Brazilian Journal of Geology D ESDE 1946 Age and palaeoenvironments of the Manacapuru Formation, Presidente Figueiredo (AM) region, Lochkovian of the Amazonas Basin Patrícia Ferreira Rocha1* , Rosemery Rocha da Silveira1 , Roberto Cesar de Mendonça Barbosa1 Abstract The Manacapuru Formation, Amazonas Basin, outcrops on the margins of a highway in the region of Presidente Figueiredo, state of Amazo- nas. A systematic palynological and a lithofaciological analysis was carried out aiming to contribute to the paleoenvironmental understanding of the Manacapuru Formation and its respective age. The present work uses the analysis of the chitinozoan for biostratigraphic purposes as a tool. A total of 27 samples were collected in which an assemblage of lower Lochkovian can be recognized, whose characteristic species are Angochitina filosa, Cingulochitina ervensis, Lagenochitina navicula, and Pterochitina megavelata. It was possible to identify an intense reworking in the exposure, evidenced by the presence of paleofaunas ranging from Ludfordian to Pridolian, which may be associated to the constant storm events that reached the shelf. The lithofaciological analysis allowed the recognition of 6 predominantly muddy sedimentary lithofacies with sandy intercalations that suggest deposition in an offshore region inserted in a shallow marine shelf and influenced by storms. KEYWORDS: Chitinozoan; Devonian; Manacapuru Formation; Amazonas Basin. INTRODUCTION the results with more intensively investigated areas in Brazil and In the Silurian and Devonian period, the South Pole proposed five chitinozoan assemblages. Reworking was recog- was located close to the South American paleoplate margins nized in some sections. -
Th TRILO the Back to the Past Museum Guide to TRILO BITES
With regard to human interest in fossils, trilobites may rank second only to dinosaurs. Having studied trilobites most of my life, the English version of The Back to the Past Museum Guide to TRILOBITES by Enrico Bonino and Carlo Kier is a pleasant treat. I am captivated by the abundant color images of more than 600 diverse species of trilobites, mostly from the authors’ own collections. Carlo Kier The Back to the Past Museum Guide to Specimens amply represent famous trilobite localities around the world and typify forms from most of the Enrico Bonino Enrico 250-million-year history of trilobites. Numerous specimens are masterpieces of modern professional preparation. Richard A. Robison Professor Emeritus University of Kansas TRILOBITES Enrico Bonino was born in the Province of Bergamo in 1966 and received his degree in Geology from the Depart- ment of Earth Sciences at the University of Genoa. He currently lives in Belgium where he works as a cartographer specialized in the use of satellite imaging and geographic information systems (GIS). His proficiency in the use of digital-image processing, a healthy dose of artistic talent, and a good knowledge of desktop publishing software have provided him with the skills he needed to create graphics, including dozens of posters and illustrations, for all of the displays at the Back to the Past Museum in Cancún. In addition to his passion for trilobites, Enrico is particularly inter- TRILOBITES ested in the life forms that developed during the Precambrian. Carlo Kier was born in Milan in 1961. He holds a degree in law and is currently the director of the Azul Hotel chain.