Pachycereus Fulviceps, Cardón

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ ISSN 2307-8235 (online) IUCN 2008: T151772A559715

Pachycereus fulviceps, Cardón

Assessment by: Arias, S., Valverde, T. & Zavala-Hurtado, A.

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Citation: Arias, S., Valverde, T. & Zavala-Hurtado, A. 2013. Pachycereus fulviceps. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013: e.T151772A559715. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013- 1.RLTS.T151772A559715.en

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THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ Taxonomy

Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family

Plantae Tracheophyta Magnoliopsida Caryophyllales Cactaceae

Taxon Name: Pachycereus fulviceps (F.A.C.Weber ex K.Schum.) D.R.Hunt

Synonym(s): • Mitrocereus fulviceps F.A.C.Weber ex K.Schum.

Common Name(s): • Spanish: Cardón Taxonomic Source(s): Hunt, D., Taylor, N. and Charles, G. (compilers and editors). 2006. The New Cactus Lexicon. dh Books, Milborne Port, UK.

Taxonomic Notes: Arias and Terrazas (2009) place this species in the genus Pseudomitrocereus. Assessment Information

Red List Category & Criteria: Least Concern ver 3.1

Year Published: 2013

Date Assessed: April 27, 2009

Justification: Pachycereus fulviceps exists in dense populations with no indication of continuing declines, and a large proportion of its range occurs within a protected area. Hence, the species is listed as Least Concern. Geographic Range

Range Description: This species is endemic to Mexico, where it is known from the States of Puebla (south) and Oaxaca (north to central) (Hunt et al. 2006; Arias et al. 1997). It grows at elevations from 1,300 to 2,300 m asl.

Country Occurrence: Native: Mexico (Oaxaca, Puebla)

© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Pachycereus fulviceps – published in 2013. 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T151772A559715.en Population The species is abundant and the populations are dense, however, small-size categories are not well represented in the populations. Pachycereus fulviceps and Pilosocereus chrysacanthus are the most important physiognomic elements of the vegetation in the Tehuacán Valley, in the area of San Antonio Texcala. Current Population Trend: Stable

Habitat and Ecology (see Appendix for additional information) The species inhabits thorn forest, tropical deciduous forest and xerophyllous scrub (Arias et al. 1997). It grows mainly on pronounced slopes.

Systems: Terrestrial

Use and Trade There is no known use or trade for this species.

Threats (see Appendix for additional information) Quarrying takes place close to one of the main subpopulations. The range of this species has been predicted to be reduced by up to 50% and it was no longer distributed within the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán area under climate change scenarios, in which temperature was increased by 2°C and the precipitation decreased by 10% with respect to current climate conditions (approximately between year 2060 and year 2100; Téllez-Valdés and Dávila-Aranda 2003).

Conservation Actions (see Appendix for additional information) The species occurs within the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Biosphere Reserve (Téllez-Valdés and Dávila 2003). It is propagated locally in government registered nurseries. Credits

Assessor(s): Arias, S., Valverde, T. & Zavala-Hurtado, A.

Reviewer(s): Superina, M. & Goettsch, B.K.

© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Pachycereus fulviceps – published in 2013. 2 http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T151772A559715.en Bibliography Arias, M.S., Gama, S. and Guzmán, U. 1997. Flora del Valle de Tehuacán-Cuicatlán. Fasículo 14. Cactaceae A.L. Juss. Instituto de Biología, UNAM, Mexico.

Arias, S. and Terrazas, T. 2009. Taxonomic revision of Pachycereus (Cactaceae). Systematic Botany 1(34): 68-83.

Hunt, D., Taylor, N. and Charles, G. (compilers and editors). 2006. The New Cactus Lexicon. dh Books, Milborne Port, UK.

IUCN. 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (ver. 2013.1). Available at: http://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 12 June 2013).

Téllez-Valdés, O. and P. Dávila. 2003. Protected areas and climate change: a case study of the cacti of the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán biosphere reserve. Conservation Biology 17(3): 846-853.

Citation Arias, S., Valverde, T. & Zavala-Hurtado, A. 2013. Pachycereus fulviceps. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013: e.T151772A559715. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T151772A559715.en

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Habitats (http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes)

Major Season Suitability Habitat Importance? 1. Forest -> 1.5. Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry Resident Suitable Yes

3. Shrubland -> 3.5. Shrubland - Subtropical/Tropical Dry Resident Suitable Yes

Threats (http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes)

Threat Timing Scope Severity Impact Score 3. Energy production & mining -> 3.2. Mining & Ongoing - - - quarrying Stresses: 1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.2. Ecosystem degradation 2. Species Stresses -> 2.1. Species mortality 11. Climate change & severe weather -> 11.2. Future - - - Droughts

11. Climate change & severe weather -> 11.3. Future - - - Temperature extremes

Conservation Actions in Place (http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes)

Conservation Actions in Place In-Place Land/Water Protection and Management

Occur in at least one PA: Yes

In-Place Education

Included in international legislation: Yes

Subject to any international management/trade controls: Yes

Additional Data Fields

Distribution Estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) (km²): 12000

Lower elevation limit (m): 1300

Upper elevation limit (m): 2300

Habitats and Ecology Continuing decline in area, extent and/or quality of habitat: Yes

© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Pachycereus fulviceps – published in 2013. 5 http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T151772A559715.en The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ ISSN 2307-8235 (online) IUCN 2008: T151772A559715

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