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Tolerance for High Flavanol Cocoa Powder in Semisweet Chocolate
Nutrients 2013, 5, 2258-2267; doi:10.3390/nu5062258 OPEN ACCESS nutrients ISSN 2072-6643 www.mdpi.com/journal/nutrients Article Tolerance for High Flavanol Cocoa Powder in Semisweet Chocolate Meriel L. Harwood 1,2, Gregory R. Ziegler 2 and John E. Hayes 1,2,* 1 Sensory Evaluation Center, Department of Food Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] 2 Department of Food Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-814-863-7129. Received: 15 April 2013; in revised form: 8 May 2013 / Accepted: 13 June 2013 / Published: 21 June 2013 Abstract: Endogenous polyphenolic compounds in cacao impart both bitter and astringent characteristics to chocolate confections. While an increase in these compounds may be desirable from a health perspective, they are generally incongruent with consumer expectations. Traditionally, chocolate products undergo several processing steps (e.g., fermentation and roasting) that decrease polyphenol content, and thus bitterness. The objective of this study was to estimate group rejection thresholds for increased content of cocoa powder produced from under-fermented cocoa beans in a semisweet chocolate-type confection. The group rejection threshold was equivalent to 80.7% of the non-fat cocoa solids coming from the under-fermented cocoa powder. Contrary to expectations, there were no differences in rejection thresholds when participants were grouped based on their self-reported preference for milk or dark chocolate, indicating that these groups react similarly to an increase in high cocoa flavanol containing cocoa powder. -
ADVANCED RELEASE Higher Cocoa Content Further Intensifies The
Contact: Lisa Henry or Melissa Toteda Baxter Group Public Relations 415-497-7414/415-567-2587 [email protected] [email protected] ADVANCED RELEASE Higher Cocoa Content Further Intensifies the Flavor of Ghirardelli Dark Baking Chocolate (SAN FRANCISCO, Calif.—(September 2005)—Ghirardelli Chocolate Company today announced a formula improvement to its award-winning line of premium dark baking chocolate. Savored by those who appreciate the highest-quality baking chocolate, Ghirardelli now boasts a more richly intense chocolate flavor than ever before. With enhancements including increased cocoa content, Ghirardelli is the first nationally available brand of baking chocolate to provide consumers with cocoa percentage information on its packaging of dark chocolate products. Ghirardelli has increased the cocoa percentage in its award-winning Bittersweet Chocolate Baking Bar, now 60% cocoa, and in its popular Bittersweet Chocolate Chips, which have the highest cocoa content (60% cocoa) of any national baking chip brand. The company has also added a new Extra Bittersweet Chocolate Baking Bar with 70% cocoa. Ghirardelli’s Unsweetened Baking Bar remains 100% cocoa. As an added benefit to bakers, Ghirardelli will be the first nationally available baking brand to include cocoa percentage information on its dark chocolate packaging. With an increasing number of chefs and recipes specifying the cocoa percentage of chocolate ingredients, Ghirardelli’s new packaging helps consumers accurately select precise levels of intensity of baking chocolate. “There is a growing trend towards dark chocolate in the U.S. Consistent with this trend, within the baking segment, bakers are beginning to explore and appreciate the rich range of intensities in flavor that dark chocolate can deliver,” says Steve Genzoli, Ghirardelli’s Head Chocolatier. -
Chocolate Vs Compound
BLOMMER CHOCOLATE COMPANY CHOCOLATE VS. COMPOUND CHOCOLAT E Chocolate is derived from the cocoa plant. It is mandated by law to follow a specific recipe or standard of identity. This can be found in 21CFR163. The ingredients and quantities required can be summarized in the following: Sweet Dark Chocolate: must contain greater than 15% chocolate liquor, less than 12% milk solids, and less than 1% emulsifier. Optional ingredients include sugar, flavoring, and additional cocoa butter. Semi-Sweet or Bittersweet Dark Chocolate: must contain greater than 35% chocolate liquor, less than 12% milk solids, and less than 1% emulsifier. Optional ingredients include sugar, flavoring, and additional cocoa butter. Milk Chocolate: must contain greater than 10% chocolate liquor, greater than 12% milk solids, greater than 3.39% milk fat, and less than 1% emulsifier. Optional ingredients include sugar, flavoring, and additional cocoa butter. White Chocolate: Must contain less than 55% sugar, greater than 20% cocoa fat, greater than 14% total milk, of which 3.5% or more must be milk fat, less than 5% whey products, and less than 1.5% emulsifier. Optional ingredients include vanilla. While only milk and dark chocolates must contain chocolate liquor, all chocolate including white chocolate must contain cocoa butter. Cocoa butter is a special fat. In order to retain good sensory qualities, including snap, mouthfeel, and gloss, it must be tempered. COMPOUND If chocolate does not meet the above standard of identity, it must be referred to as compound coating. Compound coating, also known as confectionary coating, is a mixture of sugar, vegetable fat, cocoa powder (in the case of chocolate flavored coating), lecithin, and flavor. -
Chocolatiers and Chocolate Experiences in Flanders & Brussels
Inspiration guide for trade Chocolatiers and Chocolate Experiences IN FLANDERS & BRUSSELS 1 We are not a country of chocolate. We are a country of chocolatiers. And chocolate experiences. INTRODUCTION Belgian chocolatiers are famous and appreciated the world over for their excellent craftmanship and sense of innovation. What makes Belgian chocolatiers so special? Where can visitors buy a box of genuine pralines to delight their friends and family when they go back home? Where can chocolate lovers go for a chocolate experience like a workshop, a tasting or pairing? Every day, people ask VISITFLANDERS in Belgium and abroad these questions and many more. To answer the most frequently asked questions, we have produced this brochure. It covers all the main aspects of chocolate and chocolate experiences in Flanders and Brussels. 2 Discover Flanders ................................................. 4 Chocolatiers and shops .........................................7 Chocolate museums ........................................... 33 Chocolate experiences: > Chocolate demonstrations (with tastings) .. 39 > Chocolate workshops ................................... 43 > Chocolate tastings ........................................ 49 > Chocolate pairings ........................................ 53 Chocolate events ................................................ 56 Tearooms, cafés and bars .................................. 59 Guided chocolate walks ..................................... 65 Incoming operators and DMC‘s at your disposal .................................74 -
Ultrasonic Application As a Potential Alternative to Tempering in Dark Chocolate Manufacturing
ULTRASONIC APPLICATION AS A POTENTIAL ALTERNATIVE TO TEMPERING IN DARK CHOCOLATE MANUFACTURING BY ELIANA ROSALES DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Food Science and Human Nutrition with a concentration in Food Science in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2014 Urbana, Illinois Doctoral Committee: Associate Professor Hao Feng, Chair Professor Nicki J. Engeseth, Director of Research Professor Keith R. Cadwallader Professor Shelly J. Schmidt i Abstract In chocolate manufacturing tempering is crucial; tempering encourages the formation of the appropriate polymorphic form in cocoa butter (Form V) which influences important physical and functional characteristics such as color, texture, gloss and shelf life. Highly sophisticated machinery has been developed to optimize this key process; however conventional systems are still disadvantageous due its high demands of energy, time and space. Chocolate manufacturing industry is continuously trying to improve existing production processes or invent new methods for manufacturing high quality chocolate to improve energy and time efficiency. Ultrasonication technologies have become an efficient tool for large scale commercial applications, such as defoaming, emulsification, extrusion, extraction, waste treatment among others. It also, has been demonstrated that sonication influences crystallization in various lipid sources and could be employed to achieve specific polymorphic conformations. The hypothesis of this research was that sonocrystallization will favor formation of polymorph V, yielding similar quality characteristics to traditional tempered chocolate. The objective was to explore the effects of ultrasound application in dark chocolate formulation and its effects on crystallization using instrumental and sensorial methods. Dark chocolate was formulated, conched, and either tempered or sonicated. -
Download the Data Sheet for More
BLOMMER CHOCOLATE COMPANY GOLD LINE (NON-GMO CHOCOLATE) “GOLD” PRODUCTS MANUFACTURED BY BLOMMER CHOCOLATE WILL USE INGREDIENTS FROM NON GMO SOURCES The ingredients for “Gold” products manufactured by Blommer Chocolate Company will be selected based on their genetic status and treatment following current industry and supplier information. • Cocoa Beans have not been genetically modified. • Sugar Cane has not been genetically modified. • Soy Lecithin will be Identity Preserved, meaning it originates from non-genetically modified soybeans and documentation and testing of the product at various stages from the farm to finished product confirm that it is solely from non-genetically modified sources. • Flavorings added to “Gold” products will be from Non-GMO sources. Our Research and Development team uses a hands on approach to collaborate with our customers and help them to be the best in their industry. Blommer Chocolate verifies the genetic status of raw materials with suppliers using the below criteria: • A Non-GMO Source • Compliance with European Regulations • Statements and testing of soy lecithin WHAT DOES “NON-GMO PROJECT VERIFIED SEAL” MEAN? The verification seal indicates that the product bearing the seal has gone through the Non-GMO project verification process. This verification is an assurance that a product has been produced according to consensus-based best practices for GMO avoidance. ARE PRODUCTS BEARING THE “NON-GMO PROJECT VERIFIED” SEAL NON-GMO? The verification seal indicates that the product bearing the seal has gone through the Non-GMO project verification process. This verification is an assurance that a product has been produced according to consensus-based best practices for GMO avoidance. -
The Story of Chocolate Classroom and School
Dear Educator, hocolate has been a delicious part of people’s diets for and cultures that produce this delicious product. Students more than 4,000 years. It’s been used to appease the will also learn the many different ways that cocoa and C chocolate can be included in a healthy lifestyle. In addition, gods, defend against illness, show love, celebrate holidays, ward off scorpions, and sustain warriors. Today, there is a colorful wall poster that contains valuable chocolate isn’t just for dessert or a snack—it information about the wide varieties and uses of chocolate. can be used in a wide range of dishes, including salads and main courses! We hope you will share this worthwhile program with other teachers in your school. Although the materials are copyrighted, you may make as many copies as you need for use in your is provided The Story of Chocolate classroom and school. by the National Confectioners Association’s Chocolate Council in Please return the enclosed reply card to let us know partnership with the award-winning your opinion of this program or comment online at www. curriculum specialists at Young Minds Inspired (YMI). ymiclassroom.com/chocolate.html. We depend on your Though this program is designed specifically for students feedback to continue providing free educational programs that in consumer sciences and culinary arts classes, the study of make a real difference in the classroom. chocolate involves math, history, social studies and cultural awareness, and you will find many elements of these topics Sincerely, in the program as well. The program’s activities will instill an appreciation for the history and development of cocoa and chocolate, Dr. -
GODIVA Launches Its New Signature Mini Bars, Supporting the Brand's
GODIVA Launches its New Signature Mini Bars, Supporting the Brand’s Strategy to Take a Bigger Bite Out of an $18 Billion Premium Chocolate Category NEW YORK, NY (Aug. 17, 2020) – GODIVA, the global leader in premium chocolate, announced today the launch of its Signature Mini Chocolate Bars, a new take on the classic chocolate bar, featuring eight perfectly portioned, individually wrapped mini versions. The Signature Mini Bars are the newest addition to GODIVA’s growing presence in the chocolate aisles of supermarkets and drugstores and part of its transformation to make its beloved products more accessible, allowing GODIVA to take a bigger bite out of the $18 billion Premium Chocolate Category. This inventive offering is a new format for the iconic brand and was developed with ease of consumption and convenience both top of mind. GODIVA’s innovative approach makes their Signature Mini Bars not only delicious, but also perfectly designed to meet a number of different consumer needs; they’re ideal for sharing, on-the-go enjoyment, or perfectly portioned for one. Clearly, GODIVA continues to deliver on its commitment to developing products that are meaningful, add value for consumers, and provide a wonderful GODIVA experience for its fans. The new GODIVA Signature Mini Bars are available in several phenomenal flavors, including: {Each region to adjust flavors based on region’s offerings) • Roasted Almond Dark Chocolate: Exquisite dark chocolate infused with crunchy roasted almond pieces; • 72% Cacao Dark Chocolate: Intense and smooth dark chocolate made of 72% cacao; • Milk Chocolate: Rich, creamy and delicate milk chocolate; • Sea Salt Dark Chocolate: The ultimate combination of dark chocolate and sea salt crystals; • Salted Caramel Milk Chocolate: Creamy milk chocolate infused with salted toffee pieces; • Almond & Honey Milk Chocolate: Milk chocolate with roasted almond pieces and honey. -
Marbled Orange Fudge Orange & Chocolate Ribbon Cookies Black
Brownie Batter Dip 1 pkg (8 oz) cream cheese, softened 1 (8 oz) tube of cool whip 2 tbls whole milk 1 cup mini chocolate chips 1 box (18 oz) Ghiradelli brownie mix Pretzels and/or sliced apples for dipping In a large bowl, beat cream cheese until smooth. Beat in milk and cool whip. Add in brownie mix and blend until smooth. Fold in chocolate chips. Place in disposable piping bag and pip into serving dish. Serve Marbled Orange Fudge immediately or chill for later. If desired, sprinkle with M&M's minis to 1 ½ tsp plus 3/4 cup butter, divided add a touch of color. 3 cups sugar 3/4 cup heavy whipping cream 3 tsp orange extract Malted Milk Chocolate Cupcakes 1 pkg white baking chips (10 to 12 oz) For the cupcakes: 1 jar (7 oz) marshmallow creme 1 cups all-purpose flour 1/2 cup malted milk powder 12 drops yellow food coloring + 5 drops red food coloring ½ tsp baking soda ¾ cup milk Grease a 13-in. x 9-in. pan with 1-1/2 tsp butter; set aside. 1/2 cup unsweetened cocoa powder ¾ cup vegetable oil In a large heavy saucepan, combine the sugar, cream and remaining butter. 1/2 cup granulated sugar 1 large egg Cook and stir over low heat until sugar is dissolved. Bring to a boil; cook 3/4 cup packed light-brown sugar 1 tsp pure vanilla extract and stir for 4 minutes. Remove from the heat; stir in chips and marshmallow creme until smooth. For the frosting: Remove 1 cup and set aside. -
Survey of Commercially Available Chocolate- and Cocoa-Containing Products in the United States
J. Agric. Food Chem. 2009, 57, 9169–9180 9169 DOI:10.1021/jf901821x Survey of Commercially Available Chocolate- and Cocoa-Containing Products in the United States. 2. Comparison of Flavan-3-ol Content with Nonfat Cocoa Solids, Total Polyphenols, and Percent Cacao ,† † § § KENNETH B. MILLER,* W. JEFFREY HURST, NANCY FLANNIGAN, BOXIN OU, # # † C. Y. LEE, NANCY SMITH, AND DAVID A. STUART †The Hershey Center for Health and Nutrition, P.O. Box 805, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-0805, §Brunswick Laboratories, 50 Commerce Way, Norton, Massachusetts 02766, and #Department of Food Science and Technology, Cornell University, Geneva, New York 14456 A survey of a broad range of chocolate- and cocoa-containing products marketed in the United States was conducted to provide a more detailed analysis of flavan-3-ol monomers, oligomers, and polymers, which can be grouped into a class of compounds called procyanidins. Samples consisted of the three or four top-selling products within the following six categories: natural cocoa powder, unsweetened baking chocolate, dark chocolate, semisweet baking chips, milk chocolate, and chocolate syrup. Composite samples were characterized for percent fat (%fat), percent nonfat cocoa solids (%NFCS), antioxidant level by ORAC, total polyphenols, epicatechin, catechin, total monomers, and flavan-3-ol oligomers and polymers (procyanidins). On a gram weight basis epicatechin and catechin content of the products follow in decreasing order: cocoa powder > baking chocolate > dark chocolate = baking chips > milk chocolate > chocolate syrup. Analysis of the monomer and oligomer profiles within product categories shows there are two types of profiles: (1) products that have high monomers with decreasing levels of oligomers and (2) products in which the level of dimers is equal to or greater than the monomers. -
Welcome to Che: Chocolate Engineering Christi L
Welcome to ChE: Chocolate Engineering Christi L. Patton, Laura P. Ford, and Daniel W. Crunkleton University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK Abstract An Introduction to Chemical Engineering course must introduce the student to the language of chemical processes as he learns of the many career options. This must be accomplished in a way that is meaningful to a student with minimal technical background and motivating enough to encourage them to return for another semester. The authors have found that food and fun are excellent motivators with chocolate being a distinct favorite. The freshmen at The University of Tulsa learn about chocolate processing and have the opportunity to sample along the way. Groups of students can roast cocoa beans, break the beans apart and separate the edible portion from the husks, grind the beans, separate the cocoa butter from the solids, and attempt to make edible chocolate. Each step presents unique challenges to the students and encourages them to brainstorm ways to automate and scale up the process. The lessons learned during the freshman year are continued as the sophomores are introduced to mass and energy balances. There the emphasis is on the final products: chocolate covered cookies and chocolate covered coffee beans. The students have an opportunity to demonstrate the lessons learned at the annual e-week Open House for middle school students. University students discuss the food processing steps and relate them to chemical engineering processes. Samples of the cocoa beans at different stages of processing are available to see and smell. The middle school students learn about the product specifications for white, milk and dark chocolate then choose a kind to sample. -
Chocolate Tasting
OEB 59 – Plants and Human Affairs Lab 7: Chocolate, coffee and tea These are three crops derived from tropical trees that have made their way around the world. Theobroma cacao L. is the plant from which we obtain chocolate, cocoa, and cocoa butter (the expressed oil from the seeds). Coffee beans are derived from Coffea arabica L. Leaves of Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze are processed for tea. One of the historical points of interest is that all of these plants were described by Carolus Linneaus. This speaks to the fact that these were well known in the mid-18th Century and were perhaps considered of primary interest in commerce. Part I: Chocolate tasting The percentages on labels of chocolate products refers to the amount of chocolate liquor – the liquid resulting from the ground cacao beans. It is not alcoholic and contains about 53% cocoa butter, the fat from the beans. Unsweetened chocolate – the chocolate liquor is allowed to harden. Used for baking. Bitter sweet chocolate (semisweet, dark chocolate) – Has at least 35% chocolate liquor, cocoa butter and sugar. Sweet chocolate – Has at least 15% chocolate liquor, cocoa butter and sugar. Milk chocolate – Milk (at least 12%) is added to at least 10% chocolate liquor and sugar. White chocolate – No chocolate liquor at all but contains 20% cocoa butter and 14% milk and also sugar. Cocoa – The fat is expelled from the chocolate liquor. After it hardens it is ground into a powder. Types of beans and their quality Forastero The most commonly grown type a mix of various genotypes. Hardy and high yielding.