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Development and Implementation of User Experience Interaction Guidelines

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Development and Implementation of User Experience Interaction Guidelines UPTEC STS12035 Examensarbete 30 hp November 2012 Development and Implementation of User Experience Interaction Guidelines Stina Andersson Abstract Development and Implementation of User Experience Interaction Guidelines Stina Andersson Teknisk- naturvetenskaplig fakultet UTH-enheten The importance in finding components that may result in won market advantages for an organization Besöksadress: has increased in the latest decade, as a result of the Ångströmlaboratoriet Lägerhyddsvägen 1 increasing competition across a range of industries. Hus 4, Plan 0 One factor that has been shown leading to efficient products and benefits in terms of time- and resource Postadress: savings has been an implementation of user Box 536 751 21 Uppsala experience interaction guidelines, UXIG. These are guidelines with the purpose to improve the products Telefon: within an organization out of a holistic perspective 018 – 471 30 03 and increase the interaction between the product and Telefax: its user, in a positive way. 018 – 471 30 00 This study has been conducted at GE Healthcare Life Hemsida: Sciences, in Uppsala, focusing at chromatography. http://www.teknat.uu.se/student The purpose of this study was to investigate how to create and implement UXIG at this, large, international organization – with a heterogeneous product portfolio. In order to come up with recommendations in these questions a benchmarking study, interviews and a questionnaire was made. The purpose with the interviews and questionnaire was to find out how other organizations and their employers had been acting and thinking when reasoning about these questions whereas the benchmarking study consisted of a comparison of famous UXIGs. The result of this study shows that e.g. preparation, an overall clarity from the creators/management, a strong communication channel between the management, creators of the UXIG, its users and the users of the systems, how they are matching to the organization, their availability and structure, are important components in order to create/ develop UXIG in a successful way. Handledare: Bengt Göransson Ämnesgranskare: Anders Jansson Examinator: Elísabet Andrésdóttir ISSN: 1650-8319, UPTEC STS12 035 Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Det är inte lätt att få flera personer att tänka och agera på ett och samma sätt. Vi har alla olika bakgrunder, erfarenheter och inställningar till saker och ting vilket också gör att våra tankegångar och vårt agerande skiljer sig åt. Detta kan skapa problem då det i vissa situationer krävs, eller åtminstone kan vara fördelaktigt, om de inblandade personerna agerar på ett likartat sätt. Det existerar många olika metoder runt om i vårt samhälle i syfte att få personer att agera just likartat. En av dessa är ett formulerande av riktlinjer för de specifika personerna att följa och agera efter. För att riktlinjerna ska få genomslag och vara till nytta krävs det att alla personer som är tänkta att agera på det formulerade sättet följer dem, vilket är det absolut svåraste med denna metod. En situation då det kan vara fördelaktigt att personer tänker och agerar på samma sätt är vid tillverkningen av produkter inom ett företag. Många företag vill idag att deras produkter ska likna varandra och vara designade på ett unikt företagsspecifikt sätt och väljer då att införskaffa riktlinjer som ska främja detta gemensamma synsätt. Denna uppsats är gjord på det produktutvecklande företaget GE Healthcare Life Sciences. GE Healthcare Life Sciences utvecklar bland annat mjukvarusystem, vilket är en produkt som under många år utvecklats på lite olika sätt. Systemens alla utvecklare har genom åren tänkt, tyckt och agerat på ett olikartat sätt vilket nu är någonting som företaget vill ändra på genom att införa riktlinjer. Riktlinjerna de ska införa är så kallade ”User Experience Interaction Guidelines, UXIG”, vilka ska innehålla direktiv, hjälp och tips på tankesätt och lösningsmetoder. Tanken är sedan att de genom produktutvecklarnas användning ska resultera mer konsekventa och lättanvända produkter. Denna uppsats huvudfokus ligger i att se hur man ska agera för att få UXIG-riktlinjerna använda på GE Healthcare Life Sciences. Frågorna som ska besvara detta är; hur de ska utvecklas, införas och vad de ska innehålla. Uppsatsens empiriska material är insamlat via intervjuer och en enkätundersökning. Till grund för dessa delar ligger resultatet från en utförlig förstudie där andra företags UXIG-riktlinjerna jämfördes med varandra. Utifrån en sammanvävning och djupare analys av förstudien, intervjuerna och enkäten, samt utifrån ett teoretiskt perspektiv, har flertalet rekommendationer och tänkta lösningar till problemet gällande riktlinjernas användning hittats. De mest betydande rekommendationerna gäller själva involveringen och kommunikationen mellan organisationens ledning, utvecklarna av riktlinjerna, systemutvecklarna och systemens slutanvändare. Även aspekter som att riktlinjerna måste matchas till dess kultur och anställda, att de kontinuerligt måste uppdateras och vara lättillgängliga, tas upp i resultatet. Andra faktorer som visas vara viktiga för att riktlinjerna ska bli använda är att riktlinjernas skapare samt organisationens ledning tydligt förklarar hur riktlinjerna kommer att påverka organisationen, dess syfte samt följer upp hur de uppfattas och används. Table of Contents 1 Introduction ______________________________________________________________ 1 1.2 Problematization ____________________________________________________ 1 2 Background ______________________________________________________________ 2 2.1 The History of UX ____________________________________________________ 2 2.2 General Electric _____________________________________________________ 2 2.2.1 Previous Work with UX of software’s _______________________________ 3 2.2.2 Purpose of Focusing on their Software´s UX _________________________ 3 2.2.2.1 Constant Systems ______________________________________ 3 2.2.2.2 New Competitors on the Market ____________________________ 3 2.2.2.3 The Increasing Use and Experiences of Computers ____________ 3 2.2.2.4 Global Trends __________________________________________ 3 2.2.2.5 Design for Generalists ___________________________________ 3 2.2.2.6 The Benefits in Unique Systems ____________________________ 4 2.3 Purpose and Research Questions _______________________________________ 4 2.3.1 Scope of this Thesis ___________________________________________ 4 3 Theoretical Framework _____________________________________________________ 5 3.1 Understanding and Perception __________________________________________ 5 3.1.1 Cognition ____________________________________________________ 5 3.1.2 Perception ___________________________________________________ 5 3.2 Usability – a Part of UX _______________________________________________ 5 3.3 UX ________________________________________________________________ 6 3.3.1 Brand ________________________________________________________ 7 3.3.1.1 The Google Brand ______________________________________ 7 3.4 Guidelines _________________________________________________________ 7 3.4.1 UXIG ________________________________________________________ 8 3.4.1.1 The Audiences _________________________________________ 8 3.4.1.2 Content _______________________________________________ 9 3.4.1.3 When to Use it _________________________________________ 9 4 Research Methodology ____________________________________________________ 10 4.1 Alternative Methods _________________________________________________ 10 4.2 Research Collection _________________________________________________ 11 4.2.1 Benchmarking-study __________________________________________ 11 4.2.2 Interviews ___________________________________________________ 11 4.2.2.1 Selection of Organizations and Persons for the Interviews ______ 12 4.2.2.2 The Respondents ______________________________________ 12 4.2.3 Questionnaire _______________________________________________ 16 4.2.3.1 Selection of Organizations and Persons for the Questionnaire ___ 16 4.2.3.2 The Respondents ______________________________________ 16 4.2.3.3 Survey Tool __________________________________________ 18 4.2.3.4 Structure of the Questionnaire ____________________________ 18 4.2.3.5 Testing ______________________________________________ 19 4.3 Credibility of the Investigation __________________________________________ 19 4.3.1 Reliability ___________________________________________________ 19 4.3.2 Validity _____________________________________________________ 19 5 Benchmark-study _________________________________________________________ 21 5.1 Summary __________________________________________________________ 21 5.1.1 Apple Computer Inc. – Organization Description _____________________ 21 5.1.1.1 Mac OS X and its Associated Human Interface Guidelines ______ 21 5.1.1.2 MAC iOS and its Associated Human Interface Guidelines _______ 23 5.1.2 Microsoft – Organization Description ______________________________ 24 5.1.2.1 Windows 7, Windows Vista and its Associated UXIG ___________ 25 5.1.2.1 Windows 8 and its Associated Index of UX for Metro Style Apps __ 26 5.1.3 Eclipse – Organization Description _______________________________ 28 5.1.3.1 Eclipse UI Guidelines ___________________________________ 29 5.1.4 Gnome – Organization Description _______________________________ 30 5.1.4.1 Gnome Human Interface Guidelines 2.2.1 ___________________ 30 5.1.5 SAP Organization Description ___________________________________ 31 5.1.5.1 SAP R/3 Style Guide ___________________________________ 31 Availability
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