The Role of Renenutet in New Kingdom Temples
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JIIA.Eu Journal of Intercultural and Interdisciplinary Archaeology Isis-Thermouthis and the Anguiform Deities in Egypt: a Cultural and Semantic Evolution M
JIIA.eu Journal of Intercultural and Interdisciplinary Archaeology Isis-Thermouthis and the anguiform deities in Egypt: a cultural and semantic evolution M. Franci CAMNES, Firenze The snake, for its primeval power and chthonic life, has always had a central but ambivalent role, in Egypt as well as in the Ancient Near Eastern world. Here the semantic field of the serpent is mainly negative: just for example, the god Mot, the deification of the death, can also appear as a serpent;1 the world äl-mā-yuḏkar “snake” in the semitic dialect of Sana means “the one who is not named” is a clear evidence of a linguistic taboo; and the Common Semitic word NAḤAŠ “snake” was related with the meaning “prophecy” and “exorcist formula”.2 From the reading of the Egyptian documents and representations on the tomb and temple’s walls it is clear that in Egypt the symbolic significance of the snake figure was intimately considered powerful and productive during all the Egyptian history. It was used to express different and wide meanings – political, religious, philosophical – because in Egypt the snake could be also seen, at the same time, as an evil and dangerous entity (Apophis above all), as a protective deity (the goddess Wadjet, for example): one can easily find in the Pyramid Texts a long list of serpents, as evil entity e.g. the hpnwi-snake, as protective entity, e.g. the ḏnn-serpent, a clear evidence of an interesting quantity of more ancient myths that merged in the Corpus of the Pyramid Texts. The example of the snake-god Nehebkaw is paradigmatic: in the Utterance 229 the god Atum pressing down on the vertebrae of this serpent have stilled the turmoil in Heliopolis; but in the utterance 510 the deceased king is identified with Nehebkaw.3 A double meaning that had been created, doubtless, by the natural relationship of the snake with the creative process, generating a continuous contradiction, for a modern point of view. -
Ma'at As a Theme in Ancient Egyptian Tomb
Oglethorpe Journal of Undergraduate Research Volume 5 | Issue 1 Article 1 April 2015 Ma’at as a Theme in Ancient Egyptian Tomb Art Tali M. Schroeder Oglethorpe University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/ojur Part of the History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons Recommended Citation Schroeder, Tali M. (2015) "Ma’at as a Theme in Ancient Egyptian Tomb Art," Oglethorpe Journal of Undergraduate Research: Vol. 5 : Iss. 1 , Article 1. Available at: https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/ojur/vol5/iss1/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Oglethorpe Journal of Undergraduate Research by an authorized editor of DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Schroeder: Ma'at in Egyptian Art Ma’at as a Theme in Ancient Egyptian Tomb Art In ancient Egypt, a variety of gods and symbols were used to explain the complex religious rites of the culture. Ma’at, the idea of truth, justice and order, is an example of a symbol that was so influential that it was also recognized as a deity.1 The concept of ma’at infiltrated numerous aspects of art during all dynasties and periods. Ma’at is particularly ubiquitous in tomb art of individuals in the upper class: officials, pharaohs, and other royals. Tomb art served numerous purposes within the funerary practice of ancient Egyptian society, and ma’at is a motif that helps fulfill many of these purposes. Ma’at is an important concept that helped create a pleasant living space for the deceased, evoke everyday life, and convey importance of the deceased to the gods. -
In Ancient Egypt
THE ROLE OF THE CHANTRESS ($MW IN ANCIENT EGYPT SUZANNE LYNN ONSTINE A thesis submined in confonnity with the requirements for the degm of Ph.D. Graduate Department of Near and Middle Eastern Civiliations University of Toronto %) Copyright by Suzanne Lynn Onstine (200 1) . ~bsPdhorbasgmadr~ exclusive liceacc aiiowhg the ' Nationai hiof hada to reproduce, loan, distnia sdl copies of this thesis in miaof#m, pspa or elccmnic f-. L'atm criucrve la propri&C du droit d'autear qui protcge cette thtse. Ni la thèse Y des extraits substrrntiets deceMne&iveatetreimprimCs ouraitnmcrtrepoduitssanssoai aut&ntiom The Role of the Chmaes (fm~in Ancient Emt A doctorai dissertacion by Suzanne Lynn On*, submitted to the Department of Near and Middle Eastern Civilizations, University of Toronto, 200 1. The specitic nanire of the tiUe Wytor "cimûes", which occurrPd fcom the Middle Kingdom onwatd is imsiigated thrwgh the use of a dalabase cataloging 861 woinen whheld the title. Sorting the &ta based on a variety of delails has yielded pattern regatding their cbnological and demographical distribution. The changes in rhe social status and numbers of wbmen wbo bore the Weindicale that the Egyptians perceivecl the role and ams of the titk âiffefcntiy thugh tirne. Infomiation an the tities of ihe chantressw' family memkrs bas ailowed the author to make iderences cawming llse social status of the mmen who heu the title "chanms". MiMid Kingdom tifle-holders wverc of modest backgrounds and were quite rare. Eighteenth DMasty women were of the highest ranking families. The number of wamen who held the titk was also comparatively smaii, Nimeenth Dynasty women came [rom more modesi backgrounds and were more nwnennis. -
Temples and Tombs Treasures of Egyptian Art from the British Museum
Temples and Tombs Treasures of Egyptian Art from The British Museum Resource for Educators this is max size of image at 200 dpi; the sil is low res and for the comp only. if approved, needs to be redone carefully American Federation of Arts Temples and Tombs Treasures of Egyptian Art from The British Museum Resource for Educators American Federation of Arts © 2006 American Federation of Arts Temples and Tombs: Treasures of Egyptian Art from the British Museum is organized by the American Federation of Arts and The British Museum. All materials included in this resource may be reproduced for educational American Federation of Arts purposes. 212.988.7700 800.232.0270 The AFA is a nonprofit institution that organizes art exhibitions for presen- www.afaweb.org tation in museums around the world, publishes exhibition catalogues, and interim address: develops education programs. 122 East 42nd Street, Suite 1514 New York, NY 10168 after April 1, 2007: 305 East 47th Street New York, NY 10017 Please direct questions about this resource to: Suzanne Elder Burke Director of Education American Federation of Arts 212.988.7700 x26 [email protected] Exhibition Itinerary to Date Oklahoma City Museum of Art Oklahoma City, Oklahoma September 7–November 26, 2006 The Cummer Museum of Art and Gardens Jacksonville, Florida December 22, 2006–March 18, 2007 North Carolina Museum of Art Raleigh, North Carolina April 15–July 8, 2007 Albuquerque Museum of Art and History Albuquerque, New Mexico November 16, 2007–February 10, 2008 Fresno Metropolitan Museum of Art, History and Science Fresno, California March 7–June 1, 2008 Design/Production: Susan E. -
CLEAR II Egyptian Mythology and Religion Packet by Jeremy Hixson 1. According to Chapter 112 of the
CLEAR II Egyptian Mythology and Religion Packet by Jeremy Hixson 1. According to Chapter 112 of the Book of the Dead, two of these deities were charged with ending a storm at the city of Pe, and the next chapter assigns the other two of these deities to the city of Nekhen. The Pyramid Texts describe these gods as bearing Osiris's body to the heavens and, in the Middle Kingdom, the names of these deities were placed on the corner pillars of coffins. Maarten Raven has argued that the association of these gods with the intestines developed later from their original function, as gods of the four quarters of the world. Isis was both their mother and grandmother. For 10 points, consisting of Qebehsenuef, Imsety, Duamutef, and Hapi, the protectors of the organs stored in the canopic jars which bear their heads, these are what group of deities, the progeny of a certain falconheaded god? ANSWER: Sons of Horus [or Children of Horus; accept logical equivalents] 2. According to Plutarch, the proSpartan Kimon sent a delegation with a secret mission to this deity, though he died before its completion, prompting the priest to inform his men that Kimon was already with this deity. Pausanias says that Pindar offered a statue of this god carved by Kalamis in Thebes and Pythian IV includes Medea's prediction that "the daughter of Epaphus will one day be planted... amid the foundations" of this god in Libya. Every ten days a cult statue of this god was transported to Medinet Habu in western Thebes, where he had first created the world by fertilizing the world egg. -
In the XVIII Dynasty of Egypt – New Kingdom C. 1400 BC
Four Surveyors of the Gods: In the XVIII Dynasty of Egypt – New Kingdom c. 1400 B.C. John F. BROCK, Australia Key words: Ancient Egypt, New Kingdom, 18th Dynasty, Cadastre Scribes, Amenhotep-si-se, Djeserkereseneb, Khaemhat, Menna, Theban tombs. SUMMARY I have often heard it said, and even seen it written, that no one actually knows who the surveyors of ancient Egypt were ! This could not be more distant from the facts ! In reality, even though the harpedonaptae (“rope stretchers”) who were the surveyor’s assistants were not individually known, the master surveyors were not only well known but each even had his own tomb adorned with wall paintings and hieroglyphics of a biographical nature attesting to their achievements and status during their lives in the service of the King. Ironically, the four well testified Royal Surveyors, or Scribes of the Fields, as they were officially titled, are all from the Eighteenth Dynasty of the New Kingdom (around 1400 B.C.). This is the period of the ancient culture most renowned for producing such notable characters as the Thutmoses (four main ones), Akhenaten, Nefertiti, Tutankhamun, Hatshepsut, and Horemheb, the great general. It is not surprising that to this very active, and somewhat turbulent era, we can attribute the four Royal Scribe Surveyors, Amenhotep-si-se, Djeserkareseneb, Khaemhat and Menna, through whose funerary monumentation we can take a colourful and exciting trip back nearly 3500 years to experience Royal surveying – Egyptian style ! In the following paper you will meet these four surveyors, see and hear about their lives and families from their biographical tomb paintings and inscriptions, as well as finding out some more information regarding the most colourful and legendary times in which they lived, where they were interred and under whose Pharaohnic rule they worked and were buried. -
House of Eternity: Tomb of Nefertari
- - - OUSE OF ETERNITY The Tomb of Nefertari John K. McDonald The Getty Conservation Institute and the J. Paul Getty Museum Los Angeles Cover/title page: Detail a/Queen Nefertari 0/'1 the north wall of Chamber G. All photographs are by Guillermo Aldana unless credited otherwise. The Getty Conservation Institute works internationally to further the appreciation and preservation of the world's cultural heritage for the enrichment and use of present and future generations. This is the first volume in the Conservation and Cultural Heritage series, which aims to provide in a popular format information about selected culturally significant sites throughout the world. © 1996 The J. Paul Getty Trust All rights reserved Printed in Singapore Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data McDonald. John K. House of eternity: the tomb of Nefertari I John K. McDonald. p. cm. ISBN 0-89236-415-7 1. Nefertari. Queen. consort of Rameses II. King of Egypt-Tomb. 2. Mural painting and decoration. Egyptian. 3. Tombs-Egypt. 4. Valley of the Queens (Egypt) I. Title. DT73· v34M35 1996 932-dc20 96-24123 C1P Contents Foreword 5 Introduction Dynasties of Ancient Egypt II Nefertari: Radiant Queen A Letter from Nefertari The Queen's Titles and Epithets 19 The Valley of the Queens Ernesto Schiaparelli 25 Conveyance to Eternal Life: The Royal Tombs of Egypt Tomb Paints and Materials 33 The Tomb Builders' Village 37 After Nefertari's Burial 41 Resurrection and Recurrent Risks 47 The King of the Dead and His Divine Family Divine Guidance 55 Among the Immortals: A Walk through the "House of Eternity" The Texts in the Tomb III Conclusion 116 Acknowledgments II HOUSE OF ETER ITY an honored and < > beloved queen, still in the prime of earthly existence, set off upon a voyage to the netherworld, in quest of eternal life. -
Karnak: Settlements
UCLA UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology Title Karnak: Settlements Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1q346284 Journal UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology, 1(1) Authors Millet, Marie Masson, Aurélia Publication Date 2011-07-27 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California KARNAK: SETTLEMENTS الكرنك: المناطق السكنية Marie Millet and Aurélia Masson EDITORS WILLEKE WENDRICH Editor-in-Chief Area Editor Geography University of California, Los Angeles JACCO DIELEMAN Editor University of California, Los Angeles ELIZABETH FROOD Editor University of Oxford JOHN BAINES Senior Editorial Consultant University of Oxford Short Citation: Millet and Masson, 2011, Karnak: Settlements. UEE. Full Citation: Millet, Marie and Aurélia Masson, 2011, Karnak: Settlements. In Willeke Wendrich (ed.), UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology, Los Angeles. http://digital2.library.ucla.edu/viewItem.do?ark=21198/zz0027fcnz 1176 Version 1, July 2011 http://digital2.library.ucla.edu/viewItem.do?ark=21198/zz0027fcnz KARNAK: SETTLEMENTS الكرنك: المناطق السكنية Marie Millet and Aurélia Masson Karnak: Siedlungen Karnak: L’habitat At Karnak, in addition to the well known temples, there is another type of architecture: the settlements. They are a testimony of the everyday life of the ancient Egyptians for which remains have been found throughout all of the temples of Karnak. Continuous occupation from the First Intermediate Period until the Late Roman Period is well attested at different locations in the complex of Karnak. Settlements are easily recognizable by their use of brick, especially mud-brick. The artifacts and organic remains found during new excavations of settlements give us a good idea of the inhabitants and their daily life. -
Ancient Egyptian ACTIVITY SHEET for YOUNG VISITORS
ArchaeologyArchaeology & History Ancient Egyptian ACTIVITY SHEET FOR YOUNG VISITORS This sheet belongs to Name: MUMMIES Start at the door Standing at the door, look at the mummy nearest to you on your left. This is the coffin of theLady Diafawer. Take a look at the body inside the coffin. It has been mummified. The Egyptians believed a dead person would need their body in another life. Because of this people went to a lot of trouble to stop it from rotting in the tomb. They took out some parts of the body and then a salty mixture is put all over the body to dry and preserve it. This salty mixture is called Natron. The body was left for up to 70 days until it was quite dry. The body was then washed and bandaged up with sweet smelling spices. Q. How would you go about preserving the body by mummification? Write your answer in the box below. Answer: . THE EGYPTIANS BELIEVED THE BODY HAD TO BE PROTECTED! Go down the steps on your left. Look in the large display case in front of you. One section in this case has lots of amulets and pendants. Amulets were a type of good luck charm which the Egyptians believed would protect against evil. These were found inside the bandages of ancient mummies. Find the “Eye of Horus” (number 1. on the panel). This is also called the “Wedjat Eye”. The left eye of Horus was a very popular symbol of protection. The scarab beetle was another popular amulet. It was placed with the deceased in the tomb as a symbol of new life. -
Fate in Ancient Egypt
May Ahmed Hosny (JAAUTH), Vol. 19 No. 3, (2020), pp. 61-68. Fate in ancient Egypt May Ahmed Hosny Faculty of tourism and hotel management, Helwan University ARTICLE INFO Abstract Keywords: The Ancient Egyptian civilization is one of the richest Fate; Destiny; Shay; civilizations in acquiring various concepts and beliefs from last judgment; God’s nature. These concepts and beliefs can be divided into two will. categories Secular and Religious. As the ancient Egyptians were very religious people, so their dominant beliefs were (JAAUTH) religious beliefs which in turn had a great influence upon Vol. 19, No. 3, their secular life. Consequently, both concepts and beliefs (2020), were intermingling together. This paper will deal with a PP.61-68. unique topic which exists within the different thoughts and beliefs of every human being. No matter what was the time or the age this concept dominates the mind of every human being. Therefore, all the incidents that happens in our life will be automatically related to the fate concept which is stored in the thoughts and beliefs of the human mind. The Concept and its development In the ancient Egyptian language, the fate was known as: “ :SAy or : SAyt or SAw: meaning ordain or fix, which reflects the action of the divinities.(Wb IV 402, 8, 9) . The word “SAw” appeared since the end of the Old Kingdom till the late period, especially in the wisdom literature as for example the “Instruction of Ptahhotep” dating back to the 6th dynasty which stated “His time does not fail o come, one does not escape what is fated”. -
Bulletin De L'institut Français D'archéologie Orientale
MINISTÈRE DE L'ÉDUCATION NATIONALE, DE L'ENSEIGNEMENT SUPÉRIEUR ET DE LA RECHERCHE BULLETIN DE L’INSTITUT FRANÇAIS D’ARCHÉOLOGIE ORIENTALE en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne BIFAO 114 (2014), p. 455-518 Nico Staring The Tomb of Ptahmose, Mayor of Memphis Analysis of an Early 19 th Dynasty Funerary Monument at Saqqara Conditions d’utilisation L’utilisation du contenu de ce site est limitée à un usage personnel et non commercial. Toute autre utilisation du site et de son contenu est soumise à une autorisation préalable de l’éditeur (contact AT ifao.egnet.net). Le copyright est conservé par l’éditeur (Ifao). Conditions of Use You may use content in this website only for your personal, noncommercial use. Any further use of this website and its content is forbidden, unless you have obtained prior permission from the publisher (contact AT ifao.egnet.net). The copyright is retained by the publisher (Ifao). Dernières publications 9782724708288 BIFAO 121 9782724708424 Bulletin archéologique des Écoles françaises à l'étranger (BAEFE) 9782724707878 Questionner le sphinx Philippe Collombert (éd.), Laurent Coulon (éd.), Ivan Guermeur (éd.), Christophe Thiers (éd.) 9782724708295 Bulletin de liaison de la céramique égyptienne 30 Sylvie Marchand (éd.) 9782724708356 Dendara. La Porte d'Horus Sylvie Cauville 9782724707953 Dendara. La Porte d’Horus Sylvie Cauville 9782724708394 Dendara. La Porte d'Hathor Sylvie Cauville 9782724708011 MIDEO 36 Emmanuel Pisani (éd.), Dennis Halft (éd.) © Institut français d’archéologie orientale - Le Caire Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) 1 / 1 The Tomb of Ptahmose, Mayor of Memphis Analysis of an Early 19 th Dynasty Funerary Monument at Saqqara nico staring* Introduction In 2005 the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, acquired a photograph taken by French Egyptologist Théodule Devéria (fig. -
Who's Who in Ancient Egypt
Who’s Who IN ANCIENT EGYPT Available from Routledge worldwide: Who’s Who in Ancient Egypt Michael Rice Who’s Who in the Ancient Near East Gwendolyn Leick Who’s Who in Classical Mythology Michael Grant and John Hazel Who’s Who in World Politics Alan Palmer Who’s Who in Dickens Donald Hawes Who’s Who in Jewish History Joan Comay, new edition revised by Lavinia Cohn-Sherbok Who’s Who in Military History John Keegan and Andrew Wheatcroft Who’s Who in Nazi Germany Robert S.Wistrich Who’s Who in the New Testament Ronald Brownrigg Who’s Who in Non-Classical Mythology Egerton Sykes, new edition revised by Alan Kendall Who’s Who in the Old Testament Joan Comay Who’s Who in Russia since 1900 Martin McCauley Who’s Who in Shakespeare Peter Quennell and Hamish Johnson Who’s Who in World War Two Edited by John Keegan Who’s Who IN ANCIENT EGYPT Michael Rice 0 London and New York First published 1999 by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2004. © 1999 Michael Rice The right of Michael Rice to be identified as the Author of this Work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.